Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner Draft DPR

Detailed Project Report (R2)

Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At

Village Soorasar – Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

July 2023

Prepared for:

Rajasthan Solarpark Development Company Limited (RSDCL)

E-166, Yudhisthir Marg, C – Scheme, Jaipur – 302 001

Prepared by:

First Floor, Press Trust of India (PTI) Building,

5-B, Jhalana Doongri Institutional Area, Jaipur – 302 004

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Abbreviations............................................................................................... vi

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................... 1

2 Purpose and Scope of Report ............................................................... 14

2.1 Solar Park Concept .................................................................................. 14

2.2 Brief Description of Soorasar Solar Park .................................................. 21

2.3 Purpose of the DPR ................................................................................. 22

3 SOLAR SECTOR OVERVIEW ................................................................ 25

3.1 Installed Solar Capacity in India: .............................................................. 28

3.1.1 Capacity Installed and Under Construction Per State: ............................. 28

3.1.2 Schemes Available and Capacity Per Scheme ........................................ 29

3.2 Installed Solar Capacity in The State: ...................................................... 32

3.2.1 Capacity Installed and Under Construction in The State: ......................... 32

3.2.2 Schemes Being Implemented: ................................................................. 32

3.2.3 RPO Obligations and Current Status ....................................................... 33

3.3 Solar Parks Scheme in India and the Rationale for the Solar Park: ......... 36

3.3.1 Soorasar Solar Park Scheme: .................................................................. 37

4 PROJECT DETAILS ................................................................................ 39

4.1 SOLAR PARK LOCATION AND LAND OWNERSHIP ............................. 48

4.2 SOLAR IRRADIATION AND WEATHER DATA ....................................... 49

4.3 ANNUAL ENERGY YIELD ASSESMENT ................................................ 56

4.3.1 Simulation using PV Software .................................................................. 56

4.3.2 Orientation and tilt angle of solar PV modules ......................................... 57

4.3.3 Capacity Utilization Factor (CUF) ............................................................. 57

4.3.4 Annual degradation: ................................................................................. 57

4.4 LAND ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 57

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4.4.1 GEOTECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF SITE............................................. 57

4.4.2 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY: ...................................................................... 62

4.4.3 HYDROLOGICAL STUDY........................................................................ 63

4.4.4 LAND PREPARATION ............................................................................. 64

4.5 INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTS .................................................. 64

4.5.1 Electrical Infrastructure: ........................................................................... 64

4.5.2 ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ..................................................................... 68

4.5.3 Construction water supply: ....................................................................... 74

4.5.4 GREEN BELT .......................................................................................... 74

4.5.5 COMMON FACILITIES ............................................................................ 75

4.6 CSR ACTIVITIES ..................................................................................... 78

5 SOLAR PARK DEVELOPMENT ............................................................. 82

5.1 Solar Power Park Developer (SPPD): ...................................................... 82

5.2 Time Schedule Of Implementation Of Solar Park ..................................... 82

5.3 SOLAR PARK DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK...................................... 88

5.4 Activity Chart of the Broad Tasks: Bar chart For the broad taskS: ........... 91

5.5 Solar Park Development Framework: ...................................................... 92

6 INDICATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL IMPACTS.......................... 93

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING (in and around the site-10 Km radius) ...... 93

6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS (Positive and negative) ............................. 94

6.2.1 Flora and Fauna: ...................................................................................... 94

6.2.2 Environment Impacts: .............................................................................. 94

6.2.3 Impact on Land: ....................................................................................... 95

6.2.4 Impact on Climate – CO2 reduction: ........................................................ 95

6.2.5 Impact on Air Quality: ............................................................................... 97

6.2.6 Impact on Noise Levels: ........................................................................... 98

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6.2.7 Impact on Water Quality: .......................................................................... 98

6.2.8 Other Impacts:.......................................................................................... 99

6.3 SOCIAL IMPACTS (Positive and negative) .............................................. 99

6.4 Mitigation Measures: ................................................................................ 99

7 STATUTORY & LEGAL FRAMEWORK................................................ 100

7.1 Solar policy of the State: ........................................................................ 100

7.2 Compliance of the solar park with the solar policy ................................. 102

7.3 All Statutory Clearances, Licenses, permissions required for development

solar park and time frame....................................................................... 102

7.4 List of clearances/licenses/permissions to be obtained by SPDs and SPPD

AND issuing agency: .............................................................................. 110

8 PROJECT FINANCIALS ........................................................................ 113

8.1 SOLAR PARK- COST ESTIMATES: ...................................................... 113

8.1.1 Cost of The Land .................................................................................... 113

8.1.2 Cost of the Electrical Infrastructure: ....................................................... 115

8.1.3 Cost of the Road & Drainage Infrastructure: .......................................... 116

8.1.4 Cost of Street Lights: .............................................................................. 116

8.1.5 Cost of the Water Infrastructure: ............................................................ 117

8.1.6 Cost of the Green Belt Development: ..................................................... 117

8.1.7 Connectivity charges: ............................................................................. 117

8.1.8 Any Other Costs: -.................................................................................. 118

8.1.9 Total Project Cost (Capital) .................................................................... 118

8.1.10 O&M Cost Compliance in Line with MNRE OM: ..................................... 121

8.2 Financial Viability: .................................................................................. 122

8.3 Projection of the Cost of Solar Power in the Solar Park: ........................ 124

8.4 Sensitivity Analysis: ................................................................................ 125

9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC IMPACT .............................................................. 126

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9.1 Estimates of the job creation potential: .................................................. 126

9.2 GDP impact in the state: ........................................................................ 127

9.3 Estimated reduction of CO2 emissions .................................................. 128

Enclosure – Khasra List ...................................................................................... 130

10 Annexures ............................................................................................. 134

10.1 General Lay Out Plan of Park ................................................................ 134

10.2 Land Drawing (Google Map also)........................................................... 134

10.3 Infrastructure Details .............................................................................. 134

10.4 Internal Power Map ................................................................................ 134

10.5 Substation Drawing/Single Line Digram ................................................. 134

10.6 External Transmission Link Drawing (Single Line Digram) ..................... 134

10.7 Power Evacuation System Design (Covered in the dpr)......................... 134

10.8 Power Map of State ................................................................................ 134

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE 2-2: STATE–WISE SOLAR PARK IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................... 17

TABLE 2-3: SOLAR PV MODULES ...................................................................................................... 21
TABLE 2-4: SOORASAR SOLAR PARK WITH SURROUNDING VILLAGES (IN 10 KM. RADIUS): .. 22
TABLE 3-1: STATE WISE RENEWABLE POWER CAPACITY ........................................................... 29
TABLE 3-2: STATE–WISE SOLAR PARK IMPLEMENTATION .......................................................... 30
TABLE 3-3: RPO COMPLIANCE AS PER FORMATS OF ARR PETITION FOR FY22-23 ................. 34
TABLE 4-1: CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF VARIOUS CONDUCTORS ............................... 41
TABLE 4-2: CORRIDOR WIDTH FOR TRANSMISSION LINES ......................................................... 42
TABLE 4-3: MONTHLY NO-SHADOW HOURS (SOLAR ALTITUDE>=30DEG) ................................. 43
TABLE 4-4: SHADOW CORRIDOR FOR 132KV AND 400 KV TRANSMISSION LINE ...................... 44
TABLE 4-5: AVERAGE GHI AND DHI (2017 TO 2019) ....................................................................... 51
TABLE 4-6: AVERAGE WIND SPEED/DIRECTION UP TO THE YEAR 2017-2019 ........................... 55
TABLE 4-7: ESTIMATED MONTHLY GENERATION PER MW .......................................................... 56
TABLE 4-12: WATER REQUIREMENT FOR SOORASAR SOLAR PARK ......................................... 70
TABLE 4-13: VILLAGES IN 10 KM RADIUS FROM SOORASAR SOLAR PARK FOR REFERENCE79
TABLE 5-1: SCHEDULE - MONTHS OF COMMENCEMENT AND COMPLETION ............................ 86
TABLE 7-1: CLEARANCES REQUIRED FOR ESTABLISHING SOLAR PARK (FOR BOTH SPPD
AND SPD) ........................................................................................................................................... 110
TABLE 8-1: TOTAL PROJECT COST ................................................................................................ 118

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE 4-1: RAINFALL BY MONTH BIKANER ..................................................................................... 53

FIGURE 4-2: AVERAGE TEMPERATURE BIKANER ............................................................................. 53
FIGURE 4-3: HUMIDITY ......................................................................................................................... 54
FIGURE 4-4: HOURS OF SUNSHINE IN BIKANER ............................................................................. 54

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ABT Availability Based Tariff

AC Alternating Current

ACCC Aluminium conductor composite core

ACSR Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced

Amps Amperes

APDCL Assam Power Distribution Company Limited

APEDA Arunachal Pradesh Energy Development Agency

APEPRL Adani Renewable Energy Park Rajasthan Limited

APGCL Assam Power Generation Corp. Limited

APGENCO Andhra Pradesh Power Generation Corporation

APSPCL Andhra Pradesh Solar Power Corporation Pvt. Limited

B.T. Road Bituminous Road

BH Bore holes

BM Build Margin

BSR Basic Schedule of Rates

CDM Clean Development Mechanism

CdTe Cadmium Tellerudide

CEA Central Electricity Authority

CERC Central Electricity Regulatory Commission

CIGS Copper Indium Gallium Solenoid

CM Combined Margin

CPV Concentrated Photovoltaic

CREDA Chhattisgarh State Renewable Energy Development Agency

C-Si Crystalline silicon

CSP Concentrated Solar Power

CSR Corporate Social Responsibility

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CTU Central Transmission Utility

CUF Capacity Utilization Factor

cum Cubic meter

dB Decibels

DC Direct Current

DGPS Differential Global Positioning System

DLC District Level Committee

DNI Direct Normal Irradiance

DPR Detailed Project Report

EIA Environment Impact Assessment

ELP Electrical Lineworker Program

EPC Engineering, Procurement & Construction

GEDCOL Green Energy Development Corporation of Odisha

GHI Global Horizontal Irradiance

GoI Government of India

GPCL Gujarat Power Corporation Limited

GPS Global Positioning System

GSS Grid Sub Station

GW Giga Watt

HPGCL Haryana Power Generation Corporation Limited

HSIIDC Haryana State Industrial and Infrastructure Development Corporation

HTF Heat Transfer Fluid

IDC Interest During Construction

IEGC Indian Electricity Grid Code

IGNP Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana

IL&FS Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services

IMD Indian Meteorological Department

IRR Internal Rate of Return

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ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation

JAKEDA J&K Energy Dev. Agency

JdVVNL Jodhpur Vidhyut Vitran Nigam Limited

Km Kilo Meter

KREDL Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Limited

KSEB Kerala State Electricity Board

KSPDCL Karnataka Solar Power Development Corporation Limited

kV kilo Volt

LILO Loop-In Loop-Out

LSPDCL Lucknow Solar Power Development Corporation Limited

MAHAGENCO Maharashtra State Power Generation Company Limited

MDR Major District Road

MePGCL Meghalaya Power Generation Corporation Limited

MJ Multi- Junction

MNRE Ministry of New & Renewable Energy

MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest

Mono c-Si Mono-crystalline silicon

MPUVNL Madhya Pradesh Urja Vikas Nigam Limited

MSL Mean Sea Level

Multi c-Si Multi-crystalline Silicon

MUs Million Units

MW Mega Watt

MWh Mega Watt Hour

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NLDC National Load Dispatch Centre

NOC No Objection Certificate

NREDCAP New & Renewable Energy Development Corporation of A.P. Limited

NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory

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NRLDC Northern Regional Load Dispatch Centre

NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation

NVVNL NTPC Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited

O&M Operation and Maintenance

OD Oxygen Demand

OHSR Over Head Storage Reservoir

OM Operating Margin

PGCIL Power Grid Corporation of India Limited

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PPS Park Pooling Substation

QCA Qualified Coordinating Agency

R&R Resettlement and Rehabilitation

RE Renewable Energy

REGC Rajasthan Electricity Grid Code

REMC Renewable Energy Management Centre

RERC Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission

RES Renewable Energy Sources

RLDC Regional Load Dispatch Centres

ROW Right of Way

RPO Renewable Purchase Obligation

RRECL Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited

RREDF Rajasthan Renewable Energy Development Fund

RSDCL Rajasthan Solarpark Development Company Limited

RVPN Rajasthan Vidyut Prasaran Nigam

RWR Raw Water Reservoir

SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition

SECI Solar Energy Corporation of India

SEZ Special Economic Zones

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SIDCUL State Industrial Development Corporation Uttarakhand Limited

SLDC State Load Dispatch Centre, Jaipur

SPD Solar Project Developer

SPM Suspended Particulate Matter

SPO Solar Purchase Obligation

SPPD Solar Power Park Developer

SPT Standard Penetration Test

SPV Solar Photo Voltaic

SRRA Solar Radiation Resource Assessment

STE Solar thermal electricity

STU State Transmission Utility

SUCRL Saurya Urja Company of Rajasthan Limited

SUN Haryana Saur Urja Nigam Haryana Limited

TACSR Thermal resistant Aluminium conductor Steel reinforced

TBM Temporary Benchmark Points

TNREDC Telangana New & Renewable Energy Development Corporation Limited

UPNEDA Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency

UMREPP Ultra-Mega Renewable Energy Power Parks

W.B.M. Road Water Bound Macadam Road or Gravel Road

WBSEDCL West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
India has a vast solar potential of 749 GW for power generation. Jawaharlal Nehru National
Solar Mission had targeted installing of 20,000 MW capacity by the end of year 2022. At
the Paris Climate Conference in 2015, India committed to a 40% share of power generation
from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030 and target of 175000 MW by FY2022-2023. The
country’s vision is to achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2070, in addition to attaining the short-
term targets which include Increasing renewables capacity to 500 GW by 2030 and Meeting
50% of energy requirements from renewables,
By May 23, India have achieved installed capacity of 126769 MW for RE generation (by
MNRE criterion), 237269 MW for Thermal generation, 6780 MW for nuclear generation and
46850 MW for large hydro power generation. The breakup of RE generation is Solar 67821
MW, Wind 43199 MW, Biomass 10248 MW, Waste to Energy 557 MW and Small Hydro
4944 MW. (Ref: [Link] there has been
about 2000 MW deficit in meeting target of 175000 MW taking into account the installed
generation capacity of large hydro projects. Target of creating 500000 MW RE capacity by
2030 is more ambitious. Thus, there will not be the dearth of solar power demand and this
park will make a little contribution to demand.
The Western desert region of the State of Rajasthan have sparse population, dry climate,
very low average rainfall, maximum sunshine hours, vast un-irrigated and non-agricultural
land which is most appropriate for solar power generation.
The Sun rays have ultra-violet as well as infra-red radiations. Solar infra-red radiation is dilute
form of heat energy which has to be tracked and concentrated to generate adequate
temperature to heat either high temperature heat transfer fluid (HTF) for Rankine cycle
([Link] based solar thermal plant) or inert helium gas for Stirling cycle [Link] Solar
photovoltaic technologies, solar ultra-violet radiation is converted to D.C. electric energy.
Poly crystalline silicon or amorphous silicon cells are most commonly in use. Although solar
parks were initially conceived to provide opportunity for use of all technologies and
manufacturing facilities, but Tariff Based Competitive Bidding (TBCB) has progressively
brought down tariff of PV solar power plant and the other technologies are presently not
economically viable.
The solar park concept is similar to an economic zone dedicated to the generation of power
through solar energy and also to the manufacturing of solar energy [Link] first
solar park in the country was established at Charanka in Gujarat. This was closely followed
by the Bhadla solar park in [Link] facilitate development of solar park, Ministry of New
& Renewable Energy (MNRE) had approved 57 Solar Parks with aggregate capacity 39.28
GW, as on 28-02-2023. Out of these Solar Parks, 9 parks are fully complete and additional
8 parks are partially complete, with a cumulative capacity of 10.12 GW solar projects
commissioned in these parks. The Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI), on behalf of
Government of India (GoI) and MNRE, handles the funds to be made available under the
Scheme for development of Solar Parks and Ultra Mega Solar Power Projects.
Establishment of solar park is facilitated by central and State Governments policies to
promote RE generation from solar energy. Government of Rajasthan has formulated Solar
Energy Policies in 2011,2014 and 2019 covering development of solar parks in the State.
The existing Rajasthan solar energy policy 2019 provides for development of solar park by
RSDCL, RRECL, Private and Joint Venture. This park is being set up under Solar Policy of
2019. All infrastructural requirements within the park will be created and maintained by
RSDCL, a subsidiary company of RRECL.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited (RRECL) is the State Nodal Agency of
the Government of Rajasthan for the development of renewable energy sources . A SPV
Company, “Rajasthan Solarpark Development Company Limited (RSDCL)”in form of a
wholly owned subsidiary company of RRECL has been formed for the development of
infrastructure and management of Solar Parks. Ever since its inception, RSDCL is playing
the role of Solar Power Park Developer (SPPD) and has developed/is developing the
following Solar Parks:
1. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-I – 65 MW (Jodhpur District)
2. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-II – 680 MW (Jodhpur District)
3. Nokh Solar Park – 925 MW (Jaisalmer District)
Whereas the parent company of RSDCL i.e. RRECL has developed /is developing the
following Solar Parks in JV:
1. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-III – 1000 MW (JV with IL&FS)
2. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-IV – 500 MW (JV with Adani)
3. Phalodi-Pokaran Solar Park - 750 MW (JV with Essel Group)
4. Fatehagarh Solar Park – 421 MW (JV with Adani)
5. Soorasar Solar Park – 1000 MW (JV with IL&FS) – Proposed
6. Mohangarh Solar Park – 2000 MW (JV with Adani) – Proposed & Being Developed
7. Cheetalwana Solar Park – 2000 MW (JV with Adani) – Proposed & Being Developed
RSDCL proposed a 1000 MW, to be developed by it in Bikaner district of Western Rajasthan,
in approximate 2316.25hectares of waste land/non-agricultural land with Government in the
Soorasar and Bhanawatwala villages in Pugal tehsil of Bikaner district, Jodhpur division of
Rajasthan. A detailed Project Report was prepared and submitted to MNRE in Dec-22 and
revised one in March 23. Govt. Land for solar park, was to be allotted by revenue department
and accordingly Land acquisition procedure had been initiated by RSDCL. Comments of
MNRE and SECI has since been received. However, Revenue Department, Govt. of
Rajasthan, is considering to allot only the waste / non-agricultural land up to 2 hectares
per MW as per Rajasthan Solar policy 2019 (vide clause 15.1.2). This proposed curtailment
has affected the boundaries of solar park. Further evacuation of power from this park was
conceived to be 765 kV Bikaner Substation conceived to be developed by Power Grid
Corporation of India at Motigarh in Chattargarh tehsil of Bikaner district. The location of 765
kV Bikaner -III substation has been since finalised at Lakhusar and it is about 14 km south
of Motigarh (as was earlier conceived). Land allocation and location of Bikaner-III substations
have resulted in changes in locations of park pooling substations. The Commissioning of
solar park was specified by MNRE as 2 years from in principle approval conveyed i.e. Feb
24. MNRE vide [Link].320/7/2019-NSM dated 16/06/23 has extended the timeline of
commissioning of Solar parks up to FY25-26i.e. March 2026 without any financial implication.
PGCIL’s 765 kV Bikaner –III substation is likely to take at least 2 years for commissioning
from award of contract. In view if these, schedule of various activities for the execution of
solar park, mainly the commissioning of lines and substations have been reviewed. In
considerations to these, this revised DPR has been prepared. Revised DPR considers the
MNRE//SECI’s observations.
With the reduced allocation to 2000 hectares of Govt. land also, there are small patches of
136.96 hectares of private land holding embedded in Govt. land which RSDCL will endeavour
to purchase or to have on lease.

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Nearest Important city from solar park site is Bikaner which is also the nearest railway station.
Nearest Highway is State Highway – 3 (SH-3) whose distance from Site is Approx. 20 kms.
Sriganganagar – Attarbad-Pugal-Bap Road passes through solar park. This road is included
in Bharatmala project. From Bikaner city, Soorasar village can be approached on Bikaner-
Jaimalsar-Randheesar route (road distance 55 km) or Bikaner-Badrasar-Jalwali-Karnisar-
SiyasarPachkosa route (road distance 88.5 kms). Nearest Airport is Jodhpur which distances
Approx. 315 kms.
Poly crystalline PV modules design is undergoing changes to have higher packing and higher
efficiency. Half- cut panels have 120 to 144 cells and are presently bifacial type (having
additional generation by back side of panel from reflected solar insolation / irradiance) or
Passivated Emitter and Rear Contact (PERC) type wherein solar cells have an extra layer
within the back side of the cell which allows some of the sun’s rays to reflect back into the
solar cell to produce 6 to 12 percent more energy than conventional solar panels. PV
Modules with 72 cell configurations have panel size of 1 m x 2 m (i.e. 2 [Link]) . With
half cut 144 cell configuration, solar PV modules have panel size of 1.13 m x 2.26 m
(.e.2.55Sq.m) and these panels are manufactured indigenously and are likely to be used.
However, projections in this DPR are made with 325-350 watts polycrystalline PV modules.
With half cut PERC or Bifacial PV modules, generation from solar park may exceed 1000
MW. This probability has been considered in sub-station and line design.
RRECL has compiled data for RPO compliance up to FY21-22. For the year FY21-22,
against RPO of 8.5%, achievement of discoms has been 7.02%. As per Petitions for Annual
Revenue requirement for FY23-24, filed by Rajasthan Discoms, based on figures for energy
purchases and sales of JVVNL, RPO compliance for solar energy is envisaged to be met
(excluding roof top energy generation which as per RERC Net Metering Regulations, 2015,
qualify towards RPO compliance for the distribution licensee).
Under tariff policy, Govt. of India (GOI) has specified trajectory of Renewable Power
purchase Obligation upto FY29-30. Hereto, sales corresponding to hydro energy was to be
excluded to determine RPO but for above trajectory specified by GOI, from financial year
2022-23 onwards, the energy purchased from all Hydro Power Projects will be considered
as part of RPO. Considering trajectory as specified by GOI, RERC has notified the Rajasthan
Electricity Regulatory Commission (Renewable Purchase Obligation) Regulations, 2023 on
13.06.2023. Accordingly, for Captive Power Plants and open access Consumers total RPO
shall be 29.91% for FY24-25, progressively increasing to 43.33% for FY29-30. For
distribution licensees RPO is categorized as (i) Wind RPO (to be met by energy produced
from Wind Power Projects (WPPs) commissioned after 31.03.2022 and the wind energy
consumed over and above 7% from WPPs commissioned till 31.03.2022; and (ii)Hydro RPO
(met by energy produced from Hydro Power Projects (Including PSPs and Small Hydro
Pumps (SHPs)), commissioned after 8th March 2019) and(iii) Other RPO. Other RPO (which
will predominantly be met from solar power generation ) has been specified for distributing
licensees as 26.37% (out of total of 29.91%) for FY24-25 as, progressively increasing to
33.57% (out of 43.33%) for [Link] per methodology specified w.e.f. FY24-25 , other
RPO (for solar , biomass and hydro generation ) for FY23-24 indicate that for meeting ofthe
specified other RPO for FY24-25 and for subsequent years additional solar power purchases
will be required.
Soorasar Solar Park scheme will have planned capacity of 1000 MW. Park will be subdivided
into 1 no. of 500 MW solar plot and 2 nos. of 250 MW Plots, each receiving its generation on
33 kV cables or overhead lines along internal roads / kachcha paths to intermediate 132 KV
substations. Three number of 132 kV Park Pooling Substation (PPS) will be provided. These
will transmit their output to one main 400 kV pooling Substation, which shall transmit it to
PGCIL’s Bikaner-III substation. Transmission of power from 132 kV substation to 400 kV

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substations will be by 132 kV twin bundle AL-59 (Zebra equivalent) conductor.

Interconnection between 132 kV substations and 400 kV Substation shall be as under:
(i) From 250 MW PPS-3 with 3x100 MVA 132/33 kV transformers – 132 kV double
circuit line up to PPS-1. With one circuit connected to PPS-1 and other circuit
becoming part of quadruple circuit line (or one of the two Double circuit lines) from
PPS-1 to 400 kV main Substation.
(ii) From 500 MW PPS-1 with 6x100 MVA 132/33 kV transformers – Quadruple
circuits 132 kV line (or 2 numbers Double circuit lines) to 400 kV Main PPS. one
of its circuits will be connected to line from PPS-3 as above
(iii) From 250 MW PPS-2 (not now embedded in 400 kV substation) with 3x100
MVA 132/33 kV transformers – 132 kV double circuit line to 400 kV main
Substation.
(iv) From 400 kV Main substation entire generation of 1000 MW from solar park will
be transmitted to 400 kV bays of 765 kV Bikaner – III Grid Sub Substation (GSS)
of Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) in neighbouring Chhattargarh
tehsil. Main 400 kV substation has been conceived to have 4x315 MVA 400/132
kV transformation capacity and power evacuation to PGCIL’s 765 kV substation
is conceived by 400 kV twin Al-59(Moose) Double Circuit line. 125 MVAR 400 kV
bus reactor has been considered from EHV transmission system considerations
although 400 kV lines evacuating the solar park power are of very short length.
Main and transfer bus switching scheme has been considered for 132 kV
substations and 1.5 breaker switching scheme has been considered for 400 kV
substation.
(v) Transformer ratings have been selected as per the ‘CEA’s Standard Technical
Specification of Transformer(s) for Solar Park pooling stations.’
Internal transmission lines in solar park are considered as that of 132 kV line with twin
bundle AL-59 (‘Zebra’ equivalent) conductor. Thermal current rating of this conductor at 50
deg C is 648 Amps and 782 Amps with conductor temperature of respectively 85 deg C and
95 deg C (up to which it can be loaded). Thus, each circuit of this line can be loaded
respectively up to 282 MW and 340 MW at 0.95 power factor. This will enable transmit entire
generation at PPS1 and PPS-3 on 3 circuits with outage of line from PPS-1 to 400 kV main
substation and also normally to enable PPS-3 catering more than 250 MW and PPS-1 more
than 500 MW. 132 kV twin bundle transmission line with conductor temperature of 95 deg C
has not been used in [Link] will be given options to have tower designed and
tested for this conductor configuration within the scheduled delivery or to use tower designed
and tested elsewhere in India for this configuration or to use 220 kV tested towers with twin
‘Moose’ /’Zebra’ conductor with tension of twin bundle conductors not exceeding design load
and normal span appropriately reduced.
For power supply during construction stage, 33kV transmission line and 500 kVA 33/0/4 kV
transformer at each PPS location shall be arranged by RSDCL as deposit work with
Jodhpur Vidhyut Vitran Nigam limited (JdVVNL). Each SPD will have to have temporary
supply electricity connection from (JdVVNL) at their cost.
Water requirement for solar park shall be drawn from nearby main canal of Indira Gandhi
Nahar Pariyojana (IGNP) at a distance of about 14.11 km. From main canal raw water will
be brought to the plot earmarked for Water Infrastructure at Solar Park. The raw water will
be filtered and stored in overhead water reservoir (OHSR) from which clean filtered water
shall be supplied to the Solar Power Developers (SPDs). Water is precious commodity in
Rajasthan. With a moto of conserving water, Solar Park is conceived with SPDs utilising
intermittently both water wash and dry cleaning of solar modules. Solar Park is

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

designed to cater to drinking water supply and 12 water wash in a year with 50% water to be
recycled by SPDs.
Sriganganagar-Attarbad–Pugal-Bap Road (include in Bharatmala project) passing through
the Solar Park. This will be an approach road to the park from Bikaner city. From this road,
a single lane bituminous road is traversing to Bhanawatawala and Soorasar villages passing
through the Park. With one PPS serving a plot, internal roads will be branching from Attarbad-
Pugal Road and its tee off to Soorasar and will interconnect all PPSs. These will be
constructed as single lane (3.75 m wide). Along with all the roads gravel shoulder of 1m wide
at both the sides will be provided and both the sides of all roads will have kachcha drains
and brick masonry trenches for water pipelines, communication and electrical cables for
lighting. Street lighting will be provided along all internal roads and roads traversing through
Solar Park. Solar Power Developers (SPDs) will arrange office and residence for their staff
at their own. SPDs in their plots will construct clean water tank, recycled water tank (near
clean water delivery point), septic tanks for sewerage, material store etc. From recycled
water tank water will be pumped back to raw water treatment plant by SPPD.
Till water supply infrastructure is provided, SPPD will arrange for construction water supply
through water tanks at each PPS site and filling them by tankers. From these tanks,
construction water will be taken by each SPD by making their own arrangement.
The corridor for internal transmission lines have been considered so that beyond solar
inclination of 30 degree, there will be no shadow on solar PV modules. Out of this, in the strip
of 3.0 meter from phase conductor of the transmission lines, no tree is to be planted to
facilitate line maintenance. The corridor can be utilised to provide cable trenches,
underground cables and underground water pipelines as falling of line will not affect them.
Rest of the corridor can be utilised to provide other transmission line (with similar corridor)
and beyond any transmission line for laying road. Higher voltage transmission lines are to
be laid at the boundary of the solar park and then lower voltage lines is to be laid beyond the
forest corridor spacing. Where laying of transmission line at boundary of park is not feasible,
transmission line is to be laid on the side requiring least corridor distance from solar plot’s
boundary. Greenery can be provided in the corridor beyond the strip of 3.0 meter but top of
trees, planted there, are to be pruned to 10.5 feet.
RSDCL has consented to district collector, Bikaner to provide 30 feet (9.0 m) approach
pathway to private khasras in solar park. Wherever, approach to private khasras is provided,
9.0-meter kachcha path will be provided and along with this, kachcha drains, brick masonry
trenches for water pipelines and electrical cables on both the sides of roads may be provided.
For the pathways running through the solar park, alternative route through internal roads,
kachcha path within park and/or along park periphery will be provided. Between the
boundaries of two solar plots, 9.0 m space is provided for adjusting errors, if any, revenue
maps versus ground condition and to provide water pipeline and kachcha drains and for use
by SPDs for transmission lines and/or cable trenches with the approval of SPPD. Levelling
of land for the internal roads has been considered as 1 meter on either side of carriage.
Besides this, levelling of land for 132 kV and main 400 kV PPS will be caried out by the
RSDCL as SPPD.
Sand dunes are traversing through Soorasar – Bhanawatwala Solar Park. Average ground
level is sloping from southern to northern end. In considerations to this, to provide a water
tank at highest position in southern end will entail long pipelines from IGNP. To achieve
economy, Raw water reservoir tanks, clean water tanks and main overhead tanks will be
located considering economy and proper pressure at southern tip of the solar park. Water
pipelines from overhead tanks will route along the internal roads such that each solar power
plot have access to water pipeline for their water requirement. Water supply to solar power
plots will be effected in turn. Water pipelines from delivery point to clean water storage tank

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

in their plot and from recycled water storage tank in their plot to recycled water pipeline will
be drawn by power producer. Water pipelines from overhead tanks will route along the
internal roads such that each solar power plot have access to water pipeline for their water
requirement.
Under companies Act, RSDCL has constituted Corporate Social Responsibility Committee
and has formulated a Corporate Social Responsibility policy. The said committee will draw
the activities to be undertaken by the company. In addition, a provision has been kept for
Community Development Fund (CDF) specific to Soorasar Solar Park Project equivalent to
1% of the total cost for development of the Solar Park. This Fund (CDF), specific to the Solar
Park Project will be utilised for various programme and activities to be undertaken in villages
situated nearby the Proposed Solar Park for development and upliftment of the local
community as discussed in para 4.6 of this DPR.
For the selection of SPDs, expression of interest shall be invited from prospective solar
power producers and their views sought on bidding documents. Prebid conference will be
held with prospective bidders. Bidding documents shall be finalised considering their
response and bidder may be selected on one or more of the following basis:
(a) First come first served basis with preference to Central or State PSUs
(b) Competitive bidding with selection based on criteria specified in bid documents.
There is no Solar Radiation Resource Assessment (SRRA) centre around 10 kms of the
proposed Solar Park. The Global horizontal insolation (GHI) and Direct Normal Insolation
(DNI) in kwh/day/meter2 for the latitude and longitudinal applicable toSolar Park site, as per
NREL data has been considered. Orientation of array of modules is considered east-west
with module facing south with tilt angle of 23 degrees to horizontal plane (approx. 5 degrees
less than latitude). Annual generation / MW of A.C. has been estimated considering the tilt
angle of 23 degree, installed capacity with 350-Watt PV module, A.C. to D.C ratio of 1.35
and performance ratio of 80%. Estimated annual generation is 2063300 kwh/MW giving CUF
of 23.55%. Annual degradation is not considered being governed by the characteristics of
solar module. With same wattage of installed capacity:
(i) Generation will be unaffected by solar module wattage as number of modules installed
per MW vary inversely to module wattage
(ii) Generation is directly proportional to D.C. to A.C. ratio except where it is too high
resulting in crossing inverter capacity. For D.C. to A.C. ratio of 1.25 corresponding to
Performance Ratio (PR) of 80%, CUF will be 21.81%.
Soorasar is situated in desert belt and as such water is a scarce commodity . Water table is
quite deep and has saline underground water. From various secondary data sources, itis
found out that in Lakhusar, about 27.66 km from Soorasar, where there was a ground water
at average level (for last ten years) of 43.26 m below ground level. Ground Water at Lakhusar
is saline which is neither potable nor useful in module washing. Nearest water source is main
canal of Indira Gandgi Nahar Pariyojana. The total quantum of water to be made available has
been estimated on the following criteria:
(i) For cleaning of solar PV modules: 2.5 litres per m2 of Module surface per washing with
total twelve washings in a year with 50% water to be recycled. However, RSDCL shall
require SPDs to adopt dry cleaning of PV module.
(ii) For drinking water, sanitations etc: 70 litres per person per day with persons employed
as 0.5 per MW and having spouse and a child
(iii) For Greenery development
(iv) Canal closure of 30 days in a year

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

(v) 20% provision for future demand

(vi) SPDs would construct Storage tank for water requirement for drinking water,
sanitations & module washing, storage of water to be recycled and drainage for
wastewater and storm water during rains in their plot
The main objectives of the green belt plantation are to reduce the impact of erosion, to
stabilise dunes and to provide aesthetic enhancement of the project. The selection of plant
types and planting arrangements will be decided based on the discussions with the Forest
Department considering no / little shadow falling on solar modules, Adaptability and suitability
to agro-climatic regions/ zones. Green belt requirement considers planting of (i) Babul,
Kikar, Khejri,Ker, Kumatia, Neemand Rohirawhichever can survive at site,at the northern
periphery of solar park or along 132 kV line corridor and Bharat mala highway at least 18
meters away from plot boundary and 5x5 meter spacing with height pruned to 10.5 feet; and
(ii) Sonamukhi (or Senna) , Dhaman, Ker and Gwar Shrubs, whichever can survive at site,
planted 1-2 meters away mainly on boundaries of Solar Park and Solar Plots and along
interior roads and to be periodically pruned, if grows above 1 meter height.
SPPD will only provide internal/external boundary pillars for demarcating Solar Plots and
Solar Park Boundaries. SPPD will construct boundary walls for common infrastructures such
as water supply station and EHV substation (PPSs) whereas boundary wall of Solar Plots is
in the scope of respective SPDs.
No medical facility will be provided by SPPD. Security guards and warehouse for solar plots
for Solar Plots shall be arranged by the owners i.e. respective SPDs for their solar plants and
by SPPD for electrical, water infrastructure, road infrastructures and greenery developments.
RSDCL will take up with PGCIL (for the feasibility of providing optical fibre communication
on its and STU’s EHV lines to SLDC and RLDC. It will also take up with BSNL or any other
telecom operator to examine the feasibility to provide audio and video communication
facilities and internet services to Soorasar Solar Park. RSDCL has made a provision of Rs.
75 lakhs for establishing these facilities. RSDCL shall also provide solar insolation cm
weather monitoring stations at each PPS, oil testing laboratory at 400 kV main Park Pooling
Substation, check posts at each PPS and entry points from public roads to park roads, CCTV
surveillance units with remote access at each PPS & check post. Estimated cost of which
will be Rs. 57.5 lakhs.
Metering and connectivity arrangements at PPSs shall be provided by SPD and at Power
grid substation by SPPD as per CEA, CERC and RERC regulations, as applicable.
Soorasar Solar Park has been approved by MNRE under mode 8 of solar park schemes.
This scheme, interalia, specifies that:
(a) A Committee will be set up under the chairman ship of Principal Secretary /Secretary
(Power/Energy/Renewable Energy) of the concerned state Government, CEO of
SPPD, head of State Nodal Agency and three experts in the field of Renewable
Energy and power systems as member of the Committee. The committee will facilitate
setting up of the solar park, monitor the progress and also fix the one-time upfront
charges and annual operation and maintenance charges etc. to be charged from the
power developers.
(b) Solar Parks are not to be taken as profit-making activities and maximum 16% return
on equity may be allowed.
(c) The SPPD will be entitled for the following compensation for the development and
management of the UMREPPs:

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

(1) Central Financial Assistance (CFA): For development of internal infrastructure

including cost of transmission to CTU/STU point, the CFA of Rs.20 Lakhs /MW
or 30% of the cost of development of the UMREPPs, whichever is lower, would
be provided. Any augmentation / strengthening and /or creation of external
power evacuation infrastructure may be done by CTU.
(2) If SPPD or any of its individual promoters has trading license, he may act as
a trader of power being produced in the park, for which he would be entitled to
claim a margin of Rs.0.07 per unit.
(3) While calling bids for selection of RE power developers in the Solar Park the
bid document that the facilitation charge of Rs.0.05 per unit and trading margin
of Rs 0.07 per unit to SPPD, if applicable, will be paid by the RE power
developers.
(4) All other Terms and conditions as per relevant provisions mentioned in
MNRE’s order no. 30/26/2014-15/NSM dated 21.03.2017 and subsequent
modifications will be applicable. Accordingly:
(i) CFA (Central Financial Assistance) shall be @Rs.25 lakhs (Rs/ twenty-
five lakhs per solar park for preparation of DPR of solar park, conducting
surveys, etc.
(ii) For administering the scheme and management of fund, SECI will be
entitled a management fee @1% of the grant released.
(iii) If park is developed in phases, grant will accordingly be phased out in
proportion to expenditure in each phase.
(iv) The SPPD will lease out the plots to prospective project developers. For
lease period shall be 30 years or as per State policy. The allotment Price
payable per meter square (inclusive of all taxes, duties, Cessetc) by plot
applicant to be specified in transparent manner. Allotment price may be
reviewed annually, and an annual increment may also be specified.
(v) A one-time registration fee per project on per MW basis may be
collected by inviting applications from the prospective project
developers when scheme is finalised. Land identified and marked. An
advance may be collected from prospective project developers when
50% of the land is acquired. Advance will be 10% of sale price or lease
amount. Another instalment of 25% of the price of land or lease amount
may be collected when full land is acquired. Further instalment of 10%
each time may be collected when plots are being developed. Final 15%
of the price of land or lease amount may be collected at the time of
allotment of the plot to the project developers.
(vi) The approved grant to SPPD will be release by SECI as per the
specified milestones.
Solar Park implementation will be financed by:
(a) Equity by RREC/RSDCL up to 30% of net expenses (i.e Expenses + Interest During
Construction – MNRE grants - Revenue)
(b) Debt from financial institutions / Banks equal to net expenses less equity
(c) Revenue by:
(1) Payment of 100% cost of land (including taxes and duties) on transfer of
/handing over of land (on lease basis) to power producers

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

(2) Payment towards development charges in instalment.

O&M of solar project will be financed by annual charges receipt from Solar Power Developers
(SPDs). Land lease charges and contribution to Rajasthan Renewable Energy Development
Fund (RREDF) will be payable to state government by SPDs. In addition, Water charges and
electricity charges will be payable respectively to water and electricity supplier directly by
SPDs.
On achieving financial closure and approval of connectivity, expression of interest shall be
invited from prospective solar power producers as brought out above.
Payment of development charges by SPD to SPPD has been considered with the schedule
of selection of bidder, commencement and completion of works of solar park. Preferring of
claim to MNRE has been considered within 1 month of the claim becoming due and Receipt
of MNRE grant is considered 3 months thereafter. land acquisition has and financial closure
been considered to be completed by Sept – 23. Selection of SPDs by Oct23/Nov23 and
Finalisation of awards for works by Nov23/Dec23. Construction and commissioning is
considered 18 months thereafter i.e. May25. Payment for preparation of DPR is considered
in the months of March and July 23.
Equity has been considered as 30% of the net cumulative requirement of fund (i.e. monthly
capital investment less MNRE grant less receipt from developers during the month,
cumulated from the commencement of project). Reduction/ buyback of equity has not been
considered. Debt is considered for balance cumulative requirement of funds. Accordingly,
equity and IDC are respectively 7.54% and 6.17% of the project cost (including IDC).
The report of study conducted by MNRE has expressed that RE technologies have relatively
(compared to other energy options) lower ecological footprint and that as established by life-
cycle assessment, RE projects have comparatively low environmental externalities that too
are limited to project development phase. The RE projects do not generate solid or liquid
effluents during operations and thereby pollution of land, surface water or ground water
resources is not anticipated from such projects. During the operations phase the impacts on
the surrounding environment are negligible and are reversible in nature and can be mitigated
by proper Environmental Management [Link] proposed infrastructure facilities for Solar
Park at Soorasar do not attract any environmental clearance as per EIA notification 2006
and 2009 issued by Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF). However, provisions of other
Act, rules and regulations will have to be complied. The environmental extremities during
construction and operation phase are:
(i) Impact on land environment because of excavation etc. during construction activities
is likely to be marginal and necessitate appropriate plans for safety measures for the
workers.
(ii) Air quality impact is mainly due to Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and dust
during the construction phase. During the operation phase the particulate dust and
emission will be from vehicular traffic movement, blowing dust and dust storms. Their
impacts on air quality are temporary in nature.
(iii) Noise pollution will be due to material movement, excavation, piling and concrete
mixing in the project area. Noise levels may be in the range of 80-95 dBA and hence
the use of proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as earmuffs is
recommended to mitigate noise pollution. During the operation phase the movement
of vehicles is expected to contribute to some noise pollution. Creation of green belt &
roadside plantation will act as a sound barrier and will bring a positive impact to the
air quality and noise.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

(iv) Water quality: Ground water is so deep hence no activities of the project construction
and operation phase are expected to impact the ground water quality of the project
area. No impact on the surface water quality is anticipated during the construction
and operation phase of the project. During the operation phase safe disposal of the
sewage generated will mitigate the anticipated impact on water pollution
(v) Solid waste generated from the pooling stations is proposed to be mitigated by
providing adequate number of garbage collection bins at prominent locations by
SPPD, From which it will be collected and stored at PPS-1. From which it will be
collected by local agencies under Swachh Bharat schemes. Small Warehouse will
be constructed by SPPD at PPS-1 where storage of material can be made during
construction stage and electronic waste during maintenance stage to be
disposed off as per Govt. policy.
(vi) Sewage disposal in desert is by septic tanks. Septic tank will be provided for this for
its employees and workers by each SPD in its plant and that for PPSs and water
infrastructure will be provided by SPPD.
Solar power generation in solar park is likely to effect CO2 emission reduction of 1692432
tons per year.
Power system of the country has been integrated to operate as all India Grid. Grid operation
is monitored and controlled by National Load Dispatch Centre (NLDC), Regional Load
Dispatch Centres (RLDCs) and State Load Dispatch Centres (SLDCs). Section 28(3) and
32(2) of the Electricity Act, specify their functions. NRLDC for northern region and SLDC for
Rajasthan state monitors the operation of solar power plants in Rajasthan. Scheduling,
despatch, monitoring and real time operation of grid will be performed by these load despatch
centres in accordance with Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC), Rajasthan Electricity Grid
Code (REGC) and applicable open access regulations. SPD will be governed by IEGC if it is
regional entity, otherwise by REGC and has to accordingly give day ahead schedule to
NRLDC/SLDC and will be governed by CERC/RERC deviation settlement regulations.
Scheduling of power will require forecast of availability of next day’s solar insolation based
on meteorological data for next day from metrological laboratory, IMD, ISRO, NREL, NASA
satellite data, input from REMC etc. arranged by them, and data base available with them
and using appropriate software. Sky and satellite images enable impact of approaching
clouds and dust storm on solar generation will be provided by solar generators to
SLDC/NRLDC and REMC. ABT compliant meters, complying with Central Electricity
Authority (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006 and capable of
transmitting real time data electronically to SLDC at interval of 1-2 minute’s as per SLDC’s
requirement will be provided on all outgoing feeders of solar generating station and pooling
substation ends by the solar power generator. Installation of ABT compliant main and check
meters on both ends of 400 kV feeders (between 400 kV pooling stations and PGCIL 765 kV
GSS) and Main and check ABT meters with compatibility with STOMS specification at Park
Pooling Stations will be in the scope of RSDCL.
SPDs will have to install solar, wind and other weather monitoring facilities. In addition, SPPD
shall also install these at Main PPS.
The CERC regulations, CEA regulations, RERC Regulations and Electricity Rules as
applicable, shall govern the operation of solar power plants. Accordingly, Solar power
generators having Individual or combined capacity of 5 MW and above, shall itself or through
their Qualified Coordinating Agency (QCA), shall provide to SLDC the technical
specifications of solar power plant and also schedule based on its own forecast or SLDC ’s
forecast. Such schedule shall be used as reference for deviation settlement mechanism.
Besides this, Solar generators shall be metered by interface meters/ ABT compliant meters
with a provision for recording and storing all billing parameters for every 15 minutes time

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

block. In addition, data acquisition through SCADA for energy accounting and deviation
settlement, Data telemetry adopted at the inverter or plant level, data relating to power
system output & other parameters and weather-related data etc. shall be mandatorily
provided by such generator or QCA to the SLDC in real time. Full data telemetry and
communication facilities shall be provided by the generator. All solar power developers /
producers shall supply these data to RSDCL for reference and also pass these data to
Renewable Energy Management Centre for RE power forecasting and monitoring. They shall
install instruments and test module, for measurement of GHI and DNI, two anemometers for
wind speed and direction and two cloud cover (okta) measuring instruments and
transmission of their data at 15 minute’s intervals as [Link] provisions will be
applicable to SPD. SPPD shall also put-up SCADA at its PPSs for sending composite data
from Park to integrate with SLDC SCADA, in line with SLDC requirement.
Section 38(2)(d), 39(2)(D)and 40(c)of the Electricity Act provides the function of CTU, STU
and transmission licensee respectively to provide non-discriminatory open access to its
transmission system. Section 9(2)provides right to captive generating plant to open access
for carrying electricity as open access to the destination of his use. Section 42(2)provides for
the State Commission to introduce open access subject to conditions of operational
constraints. The requisite open access, as required, will be sought by the solar power
developer. The Developer shall bear cross-subsidy surcharge and additional surcharge as
applicable. These surcharges and any other statutory levies are not included in annual
maintenance charges of solar park.
Solar Park cost estimate is based on its indicative layout and preliminary design of
infrastructure developments. Cost of the Govt. land has been estimated as per the DLC rates
of village Bhanawatwala with appropriate additions for land along Attarabad-Pugal Road and
for private land estimated cost is as per valuer.
Cost estimate for electrical works is based on RVPN’s latest Cost estimates /Stores issue
rate (SIR) and TN Transco’s Cost data for FY20-21 for twin conductor 132 kV double and
multi circuit lines plus 15% to cover inflation till park commissioning. For PPSs,
estimates updated as per Store Issue Rates (SIR) of Dec22, 12.5% price escalation is
considered.
Water supply infrastructure is estimated on the basis of preliminary design of Raw water and
clean water supply and recyling of 50% waste water. In addition, other civil works like Marking
of plots & internal roads have been assessed as per the relevant BSR plus inflation index.
Control infrastructure in the scope of Power Park Developer will include optical fibre
communication among 132 kV PPSs, 400 kV PPS and 765 kV GSS of PGCIL for voice
communication, requisite data transmission and protection on this network .
The estimated cost of solar park including land cost, civil, electrical infrastructure cost etc. is
Rs. [554.42] Crores excluding interest during constructions (IDC) and Rs. [590.90] Crore
including [Link] estimating capital cost, norms suggested for CAPEX vide MNRE’s O.M.
dated 12.10.21 has been considered. IDC has been estimated at interest rate of 10.5% on
average debt during the month. IDC calculations considers Equity infusion, Debt, receipts
from MNRE and receipts from the Developer on monthly basis. It is considered that debt will
be repaid with receipts of MNRE grants, development charges etc. but equity will not be
reduced. Commissioning schedule has been considered as 24 months from approval of DPR
in July 23. W.e.f. in-principle-approval of MNRE in Feb 22 it is 40 Months. Intermediate
milestones of schedule can have slippages affecting receipts and . there may be also be cost
over run, etc. To cover the same, reserve is generated by providing a margin of 3% in
development charges.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Accordingly, Development Charges based on 100%park occupancy is proposed as Rs.

[33.95] lakhs/MW. In working out First years O&M charges, norms suggested vide MNRE’s O.M.
dated 12.11.21 has been considerd. First year’s annual O&M charges for electrical works has
been worked out as per RERC regulations and updated (to FY24-25) with escalations rates
as specified therein. It has been then reduced to account for trend in O&M contract prices.
For other works it is considered as 5% of capital cost. water charges, electricity charges for
pumping and street lights has been considered at current tariff (including fuel surcharge). To
total O&M expenses so worked out for assets, water charges, electricity charges and first
years ROE has been added to determine annual O&M charges for first year. ROE considered
for first year is such that calculated levelized ROE for parks life of 30 years is 16%.
Accordingly, first year ROE is 10.13%. O&M charges for first year works out as Rs. 2.33
lakhs/MW/year which will be increased @3.63%per year cumulatively as per RERC Tariff
regulations updated to 25-26 esc. Apart from the annual 3.63% escalation, the O&M charges
in every 5th year will be additionally escalated @5% to cover future changes in norms, their
annual escalations, taxes, water charges, electricity tariffs, etc. Regulatory Commission’s
Tariff regulations are revised every 5 years and existing norms are due to be revised from
1st April 24. Land lease/sub-lease charges will be passed through the Project to the State
Government. The water consumption charges will be paid by SPDs as per the PHED tariff
for Industrial use and the electricity consumption charges for power drawl from discom for
his own use (for example during maintenance and yard lighting in night etc) will be paid by
SPD to JdVVNL at applicable tariff approved by RERC.
Regarding estimation of job creation potential of Solar Power Projects in India, there is a
study conducted jointly by two research institutes of international repute namely “Council on
Energy, Environment and Water, New Delhi” and “Natural Resources Defence Council, New
York” in August 2014 titled “Solar Power Jobs: Exploring the Employment Potential in India’s
Grid-Connected Solar Market”.
The study report has estimated job potential for Full Time Equivalent (FTE) i.e. equals to one
employee working full time in a year (5 working days and 53 weeks), for difference phases
of development of Solar Plants of various capacities.
As per the report, estimated job potential for Solar Power Plant larger than 25 MW is as
follows:

During Construction & 0.35 FTE/MW for 8.08 FTE/ MW for

Commissioning period Skilled Manpower Unskilled Manpower

During Operations & 0.33 FTE/MW for 0.60 FTE/MW for

Maintenance (O&M) period Skilled Manpower Unskilled Manpower

Accordingly, for Soorasar Solar Park of 1000 MW capacity the estimated job potential has
been worked out as mentioned below:
• 350 number of Skilled and 8080 number of Unskilled Manpower during Construction &
Commissioning works for both SPD & SPPD which includes construction of Roads, street
lighting, water infrastructure, transmission lines, substations, installation of solar power
plants, greenery development etc.
• 330 number of Skilled and 600 number of Unskilled Manpower during Operations &
Maintenance (O&M) of the above referred works.
• The job creation includes those other than at solar plant site e.g. scheduling of power,
sales and billing at head office and of contractors for O&M activities.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Nevertheless, increased supply of electricity at cheaper tariff would create more industries,
thus creating more jobs and positive impact on overall GDP of the State and Nation.
GDP is worked out by National Statistical Organisation at constant prices as well as current
prices. It has been reported that power sector directly contributes 2.7% to national GDP.
Rajasthan contributes 5.06% to Nation’s GDP but Sector wise GDP data are not available.
However, electricity is backbone of industrial, agricultural, service sector and business
activities and therefore indirectly contributes significantly to the country’s GDP. Nation’s GDP
therefore depends on power sector’s growth. Power shortage can cause a significant dent in
GDP. There has been peak power deficit in 2021 and 2022 The UN Conference on Trade
and Development has downgraded India's projected economic growth for 2022 by over 2 per
cent to 4.6 percent against a projected growth of 6.7 percent. Solar Park will add to the power
generation capacity of the country and will thus cause reduction in power shortage and
enable sustain growth of Nation’s GDP.

The developer will pay the following charges:

A. One Time Charges:

1 One Time Lease Premium As per prevailing DLC rates of village Soorasar-
Bhanawatawala

2 Development Charges Rs. 33.95 Lakh/MW

B. Recurring Charges Every Year:

1 Annual Lease Rent* As per the prevailing rates

2 O&M Charges** Rs. 2.33 Lakh/MW/Year payable in advance of

every year

3 Water Charges Included in annual charges as per the prevailing

tariff of PHED

4 Electricity Charges As per the prevailing tariff approved by RERC

5 RREDF Contribution Rs. 5.00 lakh/MW/year towards contribution to

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Development Fund
(RREDF), for solar power projects set up for sale
of power to parties other than Discoms of
Rajasthan, for the entire life cycle of the project
from the time of commissioning.

* As per the Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956 and Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment of Land for Setting-
up of Power Plant based on Renewable Energy Sources) (Amendment) Rules, 2014, the Annual Lease Rent
payable as per the rules shall be 5% per annum of the DLC rate for first 2 years, thereafter it shall be
enhanced every year at 5% per annum of the previous year.
** O&M Charges have been calculated for the first year’s operation. Thereafter, it will increase @3.63% per
year cumulatively as per RERC regulation and 5% additional escalation in every 5th year to account for
changes in O&M norms specified by regulatory commissions, changes effected by the IGNP for drawl of
water from canal and changes, if any, of State Govt. policy affecting O&M charges. Land lease / sublease
charges only will be pass through to SPD. The water charges are included in O&M charges and electricity
consumption charges for drawal of electricity from discom during maintenance or plant outages, non-sun
shine hours for watch and ward , etc. will be payable as per Discom’s tariff by SPD.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF REPORT

2.1 SOLAR PARK CONCEPT

India is one of the best recipients of solar energy due to its location in the solar belt
and has vast solar potential of 749 GW for power generation. To harness this potential,
Jawahar Lal Nehru National Solar Mission was announced by Union Minister for New
and Renewable Energy in a statement in the Parliament on 23.11.09. The Solar
Mission had targeted setting up of 20,000 MW installed capacity in 3 stages by the
end of 2022. Mission document recommended SEZ like incentives to be provided to
the manufacturing parks. Gujrat took a lead and set-up first Solar Park at Charanka
for large scale solar power generation by providing land, power evacuation and other
infrastructure facility. The concept of concentrated zones of development like
Industrial zones, business parks, technology parks, Special Economic Zones (“SEZ”),
and other similar models have been very successful at facilitating and accelerating
new industries when structured and implemented effectively. The solar park concept
is similar to an economic zone dedicated to the generation of power through solar
energy and also to the manufacturing of solar energy components.
MNRE had notified vide No. 30/26/2014-15/NSM dated 12.12.2014, the administrative
approval for implementation of a Scheme for Development of Solar Parks and Ultra
Mega Solar Power Projects in the country commencing from 2014-15 to 2018–19. This
has been modified from time to time. Draft of Implementation Agreement to be
executed between Solar Power Park Developer (SPPD) and Solar Project Developer
(SPD), interalia provides that SPPD will collect one-time Solar Power Park
Development Expenses towards capital cost for Land development and other
Infrastructure such as Internal Transmission Lines, Roads, Water Supply, Drainage
System, Boundary fence, Security etc. in the Solar Park from the SPDs, including all
applicable taxes, duties, cess and other Government levies. In addition, SPPD will
charge Annual O&M Charges / Annual Lease Rent including all applicable taxes,
duties, cess and other Government levies from SPDs.
In February 2016, the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy issued the guidelines for
setting up of the solar park. Besides vast solar potential of 749 GW for power
generation, India has also the wind power potential of 103 GW due to its long coastline,
biomass power generation of around 25 GW and Small hydro (of capacity up to 25
MW) of 20 GW. In 2015, India announced an increased target of the renewable energy
(RE) capacity from nearly 34 Giga Watts (GW) to 175GW by 2022. At the Paris
Climate Conference in 2015, officially known as the 21st Conference of the Parties (or
“COP”) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),
India committed to a 40% share of power generation from non-fossil fuel sources by
2030 and target of 175000 MW by FY2022-2023. By May 23, India have achieved
installed capacity of 126769 MW for RE generation (by MNRE criterion), 237269 MW
for Thermal generation, 6780 MW for nuclear generation and 46850 MW for large
hydro power generation. The breakup of RE generation is Solar 67821 MW, Wind
43199 MW, Biomass 10248 MW, Waste to Energy 557 MW and Small Hydro 4944
MW. (Ref: [Link] The country’s vision
is to achieve Net Zero Emissions by 2070, in addition to attaining the short-term
targets which include:
• Increasing renewables capacity to 500 GW by 2030
• Meeting 50% of energy requirements from renewables

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

• Reducing cumulative emissions by one billion tonnes by 2030, and

• Reducing emissions intensity of India’s gross domestic product (GDP) by 45%
by 2030.
The 1,75,000 MW target have total installed capacity of 1,00,000 MW from solar
power, 60,000 MW from wind energy, 10,000 MW from biomass energy and 5,000
MW from small hydro power projects. Out of these, the target for ground mounted
solar projects has been 60,000 MW. The tentative target for Rajasthan is 8% (Ref:
draft National Electricity plan Vol-I (Generation) – Dec 2016. Targets for ground
mounted solar projects, the decentralised solar power plants, Standalone solar power
agricultural pumps and grid connected solar power Agricultural pumps have been
earmarked as 10,000 MW, 10,000 MW (for 1,75,0000 Pumps) and 5,750 MW (for
10,00,000 pumps) capacity respectively. With achievement by May23, there has been
about 2000 MW deficit in meeting target of 175000 MW taking into account the
installed generation capacity of large hydro projects. Target of creating 500000 MW
RE capacity by 2030 is more ambitious. Thus, there will not be the dearth of solar
power demand and this park will make a little contribution to demand.
By May 23, India have achieved installed capacity of 126769 MW for RE generation
(by MNRE criterion) out of which solar generation capacity was 67821 MW. State wise
breakup is as tabulated below (REF: CEA installed capacity report -May23)
Mode wise breakup
Thermal Nuclear
Renewable Grand Total
State
RES*
Coal Lignite Gas Diesel Total Hydro Total
(MNRE)
Delhi 3649.50 0.00 2115.41 0.00 5764.91 102.83 723.09 302.26 1025.35 6893.09
Haryana 8638.39 0.00 581.59 0.00 9219.98 100.94 2324.62 1362.09 3686.71 13007.63
Himachal
144.67 0.00 0.00 0.00 144.67 28.95 3248.88 1067.90 4316.78 4490.40
Pradesh
Jammu &
Kashmir and 577.14 0.00 304.07 0.00 881.22 67.98 2321.88 246.16 2568.04 3517.24
Ladakh
Punjab 8214.00 0.00 150.00 0.00 8364.00 196.81 3818.28 1877.66 5695.94 14256.75
Rajasthan 11747.56 1580.00 774.63 0.00 14102.19 556.74 1941.93 22518.00 24459.93 39118.86
Uttar Pradesh 20387.75 0.00 1029.51 0.00 21417.26 289.48 3424.02 4786.15 8210.17 29916.91
Uttarakhand 622.80 0.00 519.66 0.00 1142.46 31.24 2095.89 933.79 3029.68 4203.38
Chandigarh 44.83 0.00 15.03 0.00 59.86 8.01 101.71 63.04 164.75 232.61
Central -
1431.03 0.00 291.05 0.00 1722.08 237.03 751.45 0.00 751.45 2710.57
Unallocated
Total
(Northern 55457.67 1580.00 5780.96 0.00 62818.63 1620.00 20751.76 33157.05 53908.81 118347.44
Region)
Goa 492.29 0.00 67.67 0.00 559.96 26.00 2.00 26.88 28.88 614.84
Daman & Diu 164.74 0.00 43.34 0.00 208.08 7.00 0.00 41.01 41.01 256.09
Gujarat 17159.14 1400.00 6586.82 0.00 25145.96 559.00 772.00 20298.95 21070.95 46775.91
Madhya
15912.54 0.00 332.00 0.00 16244.54 273.00 3223.66 5943.16 9166.82 25684.36
Pradesh
Chhattisgarh 12221.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 12221.85 48.00 233.00 1301.17 1534.17 13804.02
Maharashtra 25254.24 0.00 3512.73 0.00 28766.97 690.00 3331.84 12773.33 16105.17 45562.14
Dadra &
422.30 0.00 66.34 0.00 488.64 9.00 0.00 5.46 5.46 503.10
Nagar Naveli
Central -
2835.49 0.00 197.59 0.00 3033.08 228.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3261.08
Unallocated
Total
(Western 74462.59 1400.00 10806.49 0.00 86669.08 1840.00 7562.50 40389.96 47952.46 136461.54
Region)
Andhra
11230.92 180.23 4066.72 36.80 15514.68 127.27 1673.60 9360.18 11033.78 26675.73
Pradesh
Telangana 9438.80 61.30 831.82 0.00 10331.92 148.73 2479.93 5105.37 7585.30 18065.95
Karnataka 9947.56 471.90 0.00 25.20 10444.66 698.00 3631.60 16969.26 20600.86 31743.52

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Mode wise breakup

Thermal Nuclear Renewable Grand Total
State
RES*
Coal Lignite Gas Diesel Total Hydro Total
(MNRE)
Kerala 2059.00 314.20 533.58 159.96 3066.74 362.00 1864.15 1133.68 2997.83 6426.57
Tamil Nadu 12762.26 1916.57 1027.18 211.70 15917.71 1448.00 2178.20 18173.96 20352.16 37717.87
NLC 0.00 166.00 0.00 0.00 166.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 166.00
Puducherry 140.80 111.80 32.50 0.00 285.10 86.00 0.00 36.81 36.81 407.91
Central -
1426.00 418.00 0.00 0.00 1844.00 450.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2294.00
Unallocated
Total
(Southern 47005.34 3640.00 6491.80 433.66 57570.81 3320.00 11827.48 50779.26 62606.74 123497.55
Region)
Bihar 7055.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 7055.06 0.00 110.00 398.72 508.72 7563.78
Jharkhand 2361.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 2361.25 0.00 191.00 126.25 317.25 2678.50
West Bengal 8616.41 0.00 80.00 0.00 8696.41 0.00 1396.00 635.66 2031.66 10728.07
DVC 3026.88 0.00 0.00 0.00 3026.88 0.00 186.20 0.00 186.20 3213.07
Odisha 4989.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 4989.85 0.00 2163.22 633.64 2796.86 7786.71
Sikkim 11.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 11.92 0.00 633.00 59.80 692.80 704.72
Central -
1638.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 1638.33 0.00 85.01 0.00 85.01 1723.34
Unallocated
Total
(Eastern 27699.70 0.00 80.00 0.00 27779.70 0.00 4764.42 1854.07 6618.49 34398.19
Region)
Assam 402.52 0.00 741.92 0.00 1144.44 0.00 522.08 191.79 713.87 1858.31
Arunachal
37.05 0.00 46.82 0.00 83.87 0.00 544.55 144.86 689.41 773.28
Pradesh
Meghalaya 0.00 0.00 109.69 0.00 109.69 0.00 417.38 50.48 467.86 577.55
Tripura 0.00 0.00 486.94 0.00 486.94 0.00 68.49 34.05 102.54 589.48
Manipur 15.68 0.00 81.58 36.00 133.26 0.00 87.24 17.88 105.12 238.38
Nagaland 32.10 0.00 73.93 0.00 106.03 0.00 66.33 35.71 102.04 208.07
Mizoram 10.35 0.00 60.46 0.00 70.81 0.00 97.94 75.50 173.44 244.25
Central -
112.50 0.00 63.62 0.00 176.12 0.00 140.00 0.00 140.00 316.12
Unallocated
Total (North-
Eastern 610.20 0.00 1664.96 36.00 2311.16 0.00 1944.01 550.27 2494.28 4805.43
Region)
Andaman &
0.00 0.00 0.00 92.71 92.71 0.00 0.00 35.16 35.16 127.87
Nicobar
Lakshadweep 0.00 0.00 0.00 26.83 26.83 0.00 0.00 3.27 3.27 30.10
Total
0.00 0.00 0.00 119.54 119.54 0.00 0.00 38.43 38.43 157.97
(Islands)
All india -
205235.50 6620.00 24824.21 589.20 237268.91 6780.00 46850.17 126769.04 173619.21 417668.12
total

Solar Parks are basically demarcated development zones with proper infrastructure
like land, evacuation system, roads and other amenities. Solar Power Park Developer
(SPPD), State Governments or its agency or EPC developers acquire the land, put up
transmission lines, get the required government permissions and approvals and then
offer the facility to the companies who can put up their solar projects on the land and
offer the operators a fee. Thus, the risks associated with the projects are substantially
minimized.

The first solar park in the country was established at Charanka in Gujarat. This was
closely followed by the Bhadla Solar Park in Rajasthan. The concept of solar parks
has given an impetus for rapid development of solar power projects in the country. 42

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

numbers of solar parks with an aggregate capacity of 28146 MW have been approved
by June 22 under MNRE scheme for development of Solar Parks. State wise
implementation is as under:

Table 2-1: State–wise Solar Park Implementation

S. Capacity Solar Power Parks

State Solar Park
No (MW) Developer (SPPD)
Anantpur Ultra
1. 1000
Mega Solar Park
NP Kunta Ultra
2. 1500
Mega Solar Park

Ananthapuramu-I
3. 1500 AP Solar Power Corporation
Solar Park
Andhra Pvt. Ltd. (APSPCL), JVC of
4. Pradesh Kurnool Solar Park 1000 SECI, APGENCO and
NREDCAP
5. Kadapa Solar Park 1000

Ananthapuramu-II
6. 500
Solar Park

Hybrid Solar Wind

7. 160
Park

Arunachal Pradesh Energy

Arunachal
8. Lohit Solar Park 20 Development Agency
Pradesh
(APEDA)

Radhnesada Solar
9 700
Park
Gujarat Power Corporation
10. Harsad Solar Park 350
Limited (GPCL)
Gujarat Dholera Solar Park
11. 1000
Ph-I

Dholera Solar Park Solar Energy Corporation of

12. 4000
Ph-II India (SECI)
Himachal
13. Kaza Solar Park 1000 JVC of SJVN & Govt of HP
Pradesh
Solar Energy Corporation of
14. Jharkhand Floating Solar Park 150
India (SECI)
Karnataka Solar Power
Pavagada Solar Development Corporation
15. Karnataka 2000
Park Pvt. Ltd. (KSPDCL), JVC of
KREDL & SECI
Renewable Power
Kasargod Solar Corporation of Kerala
16. Kerala 105
Park Limited (RPCKL), JVC of
SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

Madhya Rewa Ultra Mega
17. 750 Limited, JVC of MPUVNL &
Pradesh Solar Plant
SECI

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

S. Capacity Solar Power Parks

State Solar Park
No (MW) Developer (SPPD)

18. Rewa Solar Park 750 Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

Mandsaur Solar Limited (RUMSL), JVC of
19. 250 MPNRED & SECI
Park

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

20. Neemuch 500 Limited (RUMSL), JVC of
MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

21. Agar 550 Limited (RUMSL), JVC of
MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

22. Shajapur 450 Limited (RUMSL), JVC of
MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

Omkareswar
23. 600 Limited (RUMSL), JVC of
Floating Solar Park
MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar

Chhattarpur Solar
24. 950 Limited (RUMSL), JVC of
Park
MPNRED & SECI
25. Barethi Solar Park 550 NTPC

M/s Sai Guru Mega Solar

Sai Guru Solar Park
26. 500 Park Pvt. Ltd. (formerly M/s
(Pragat)
Pragat Akshay Urja Ltd.)
M/s Paramount Solar Power
Patoda Solar Park
27. 150 Pvt. Ltd. (formerly M/s K. P.
Maharashtra (Paramount)
Power Pvt. Ltd.)

Maharashtra State
Dondaicha Solar Electricity Generating
28. 250
Park Company Ltd.
(MAHAGENCO)

Manipur Tribal Development

29. Manipur Bukpi Solar Park 20
Corpn. Ltd. (MTDCL)

Meghalaya Power
Solar Park in
30. Meghalaya 20 Generation Corporation Ltd
Meghalaya
(MePGCL)

Power & Electricity

31. Mizoram Vankal Solar Park 20
Department

Solar Park by
32. 40 NHPC Limited
NHPC
Odisha
Solar Park by
33. 100 NHPC Limited
NHPC

Raj. Solar Park

Development Company
34. Rajasthan Bhadla-I Solar Park 65
Limited (RSDCL), A
subsidiary of RRECL

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

S. Capacity Solar Power Parks

State Solar Park
No (MW) Developer (SPPD)

Rajasthan Solar Park

35. Bhadla-II Solar Park 680 Development Company Ltd.
(RSDCL)

M/s Surya Urja Company of

Bhadla-III Solar
36. 1000 Rajasthan Ltd (SUCRL)
Park
JVC of State Govt
M/s Adani Renewable
Bhadla-IV Solar Energy Park Rajasthan
37. 500
Park Limited (AREPRL) JVC of
State Govt

M/s Essel Surya Urja

Phalodi-Pokaran Company of Rajasthan
38. 750
Solar Park Limited (ESUCRL) JVC of
State Govt

M/s Adani Renewable

Fatehgarh Phase- Energy Park Rajasthan
39. 421
1B Solar Park Limited (AREPRL) JVC of
State Govt

Rajasthan Solar Park

40. Nokh Solar Park 925 Development Company Ltd.
(RSDCL)

Lucknow Solar Power

Development Corporation
41. Solar Park in UP 440
Ltd. (LSPDCL) JVC of
Uttar Pradesh UPNEDA & SECI

42. Jalaun Solar Park 1200 BSUL

Ref: [Link]
1607686203-1

The Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) on behalf of Government of India (GoI)
and MNRE handles the funds to be made available under the Scheme for
development of Solar Parks and Ultra Mega Solar Power Projects. Under the scheme
the states can designate an agency for the development of solar parks. It can be:

(i) The state designated nodal agency undertaking the development &
management of the solar park, under the general guidance and supervision of
SECI.

(ii) The Joint venture between state designated nodal agency and SECI
undertakes the development & management of solar park.

(iii) The state designating SECI as the nodal agency and SECI undertaking the
development and management of solar park on its own.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Any of the above three alternatives can be carried out with a private sector partner
with a condition that at least 51% of the equity will remain with SECI and the State
designated agency.

Establishment of solar park is facilitated by central and State Governments policies to

promote RE generation from solar energy. Government of Rajasthan has formulated
Solar Energy Policies in 2011,2014 and 2019 covering development of solar parks in
the State. The existing Rajasthan solar energy policy 2019 provides for development
of solar park by RSDCL, RRECL, Private and Joint Venture. This park is being set up
under Solar Policy of 2019. All infrastructural requirements within the park will be
created and maintained by RSDCL, a subsidiary company of RRECL.

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited (RRECL) is the State Nodal

Agency of the Government of Rajasthan for the development of renewable energy
sources. A SPV Company “Rajasthan Solarpark Development Company Limited
(RSDCL)” in form of a wholly owned subsidiary company of RRECL has been formed
for the development of infrastructure and management of Solar Parks. Ever since its
inception, RSDCL is playing the role of Solar Power Park Developer (SPPD) and has
already developed/is developing the following Solar Parks at its on:

1. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-I – 65 MW (Jodhpur District)

2. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-II – 680 MW (Jodhpur District)

3. Nokh Solar Park – 925 MW (Jaisalmer District)

Whereas the parent company of RSDCL i.e. RRECL has developed the following
Solar Parks in JV:

1. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-III – 1000 MW (JV with IL&FS)

2. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-IV – 500 MW (JV with Adani)

3. Phalodi-Pokaran Solar Park - 750 MW (JV with Essel Group)

4. Fatehgarh Solar Park – 421 MW (JV with Adani)

5. Mohangarh Solar Park – 2000 MW (JV with Adani) – Proposed & Being Developed

6. Cheetalwana Solar Park – 2000 MW (JV with Adani) – Proposed & Being Developed

7. Soorasar Solar Park – 1000 MW (JV with IL&FS) – Proposed & Being Developed

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

2.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SOORASAR SOLAR PARK

RSDCL is planning to develop Soorasar Solar Park at village Soorasar and

Bhanawatawala of tehsil Pugal which comes under district Bikaner to accommodate
1000 MW installed capacity in three solar power plots viz (i) 500 MW, (ii) 250 MW and
(iii) 250 MW embedded in main 400 kV PSS.

The capacity of the Solar Park has been determined by adopting 350 watts modules
with fixed tilt modules mounting arrangement requiring estimated land as 4.23
Acre/MW or 1.79 Hectare/MW.

Presently, indigenous manufactures are producing Solar PV modules as per table

given below:

Table 2-2: Solar PV modules

Series & no. of Area of module Wattage, Wattage/

Manufacturer
cells / Module (sq.m) STC Sq.m
eternal pride
Adani solar 1.30x2.39 =3.32 630-650 189.6-195.6
132
Elan-shine
Adani solar 1.133x2.266=2.57 520-545 202.5 -212.3
144
Eldora-grand
Vikram solar 0.992x1.995 =1.98 315-340 159.2-171.8
72
Prexos
Vikram-solar 1.30x2.39=3.1 635-650 204.3 -209.3
132
Paradea 1.134x2.274
Vikram -solar 525-545 203.6-211.3
144 =2.58
Waree energy ARKA
1.133x2.272 515-545 200-211.2
ltd 144
ARKA
-do- 1.30x2.4 645-665 207.4-213.1
132
Tata Power – TP300 series 0.992x1.995
300-330 151.6-166.7
solar* (72 cells) =1.98

Even Tata Solar is expanding their capacity to produce PV modules with bigger wafers
(166 mm to 210 mm). and will also offer higher power output, ranging from 440 W to
530 W, with an option for bifacial modules.

Thus, solar PV module manufacturing is trending with higher number of cells and more
power per sq. meter of module area. By the time Soorasar solar park is established,
higher capacity modules with higher power output per sq. meter would be available.
As Soorasar having higher latitude (28.339394) it is likely to have higher fixed tilt angle
of 23-24 degree causing longer shadow and requiring higher inter solar panel spacing,
adoption of 132 or 144 cell modules (then available indigenously will result in lesser

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

space requirement. Considering these, land requirement can be considered less yet
it has been considered as 2 Ha. per MW. With this, there is likely hood of more than
50.0 MW generation in plot land. Considering this, substations have been conceived
with an additional bay to provide a spare transformer in future.

Land Area of Soorasar Solar Park is spread partly in Soorasar village and partly in
Bhanawatawala village. GPS location of Sooraar village is (28.339394 N, 72.916099
E) and of Bhanawatawala (28.345388N, 72.980170E). Sriganganagar- Attarabad-
Pugal-Bap Road passes through north-east tip of Solar Park land in Bhanawatawala
village with tee off to Soorasar village. Park is situated at a distance of 42.7 kms from
the nearest town Pugal and 75.5 kms from Bikaner city which is the district
headquarter and nearest Railway station. Nearest source of water for the Park will be
IGNP Main Canal which is passing at a distance of 14.107 kms from Soorasar Solar
Park.

Table 2-3: Soorasar Solar Park with Surrounding Villages (in 10 km. Radius):

S. No. Village Name Aerial Distance (in Km.)

1 Bhanawatawala 7.04 km

2 Gogliwala 9.68 km

3 Ramsar Patta Poogal 5.78 km

4 Chakosa 8.20 km

5 Roopnagar 10.01 km

2.3 PURPOSE OF THE DPR

Purpose of the DPR is to provide details about the proposed Soorasar Solar Park
under mode 8 of MNRE’s Scheme for Development of Solar Parks and Ultra Mega
Solar Power Projects. This DPR is second revision which incorporates SECI and
MNRE on DPR submitted on Dec22 and its first revision submitted on March23. Main
changes are on account of:
(i) Change in hectares of Land allocation and location of Power grid’s 765 kV Bikaner-
III substations has resulted in changes in locations of park pooling substations and
providing intermediate 132 kV substation, earlier embedded in 400 kV substation,
separately.
(ii) MVA rating of each 400/132 kV and 132/33 kV transformer has been revised to
match with that specified in CEA’s “Standard Technical Specifications of
Transformer(s) for Solar Park pooling station” as per SECI’s observations in VC.
(iii) Construction water and power supply, waste collection, storage and disposal
facility and warehouse considered to be provided by SPPD

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

(iv) In considerations to MNRE vide [Link].320/7/2019-NSM dated 16/06/23 has

extended the timeline of commissioning of Solar parks up to FY25-26i schedule of
implementation of Slolar park has been changed from Feb 24 to June-25 affecting
capital cost and IDC.
This DPR contains following details about the project:
o Land details
o Contour Maps of the Proposed Site
o Geo-technical Investigation (Soil type and Electrical Resistivity of the Site)
o Khasra Plan Layout
o Solar Plots Layout
o Road Layout
o Electrical Line Route Layout
o Water Storage & Distribution Layout
o Broad Cost Estimates for –

• Cost of Land

• Marking of Plots by Pillars

• Road Infrastructure (Approach + Internal) along with Road Lights

• Water Infrastructure

• Office Building and Dormitories at PPS

• Green Area Development

• Shifting of Existing Transmission Lines in the Proposed Park

• Extra high Voltage (EHV) Substations

• 132 KV and 400 KV Transmission Lines for evacuation of power

• Contingency, Administration Charges, Community Development Fund

o Project Financing:

• Interest During Constructions (IDC) Charges

• Debt: Equity Ratio

• Project Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

• Sensitivity Analysis based on IRR

The MNRE through Funding Agency /SECI will provide the grant upto 30% of the Total
Project Cost or Rs. 20 Lakh / MW, whichever is lower. The revised capital cost of
Soorasar Solar Park is estimated to be Rs. 554.42 crores without IDC and Rs. 590.90

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

crores with IDC at10.5% on average debt requirement during the month) and
accordingly, MNRE grant works out as Rs.177.27 crores excluding the grant of
Rs.0.25 crores to be provided for preparation of DPR.

(i) Waste and non agricultural Gove land In respect of solar park, was to be
allotted by the Revenue Department, Govt. of Rajasthan and Revenue
Department, Govt. of Rajasthan, has indicated to allot only the waste / non-
agricultural land up to 2 hectares per MW as per Rajasthan Solar policy 2019
(vide clause 15.1.2). This proposed curtailment has affected the boundaries
of solar park.
(ii) The evacuation of power from this park was conceived to be 765 kV Bikaner
Substation of Power Grid Corporation of India at Motigarh in Chattargarh tehsil
of Bikaner district. The location of 765 kV Bikaner -III substation has been since
finalised at Lakhusar and it is about 14 km south of Motigarh (as was earlier
conceived).
(iii) and thereby number of substations increased from 3 to 4.
(iv) On account of above The Commissioning of solar park was specified by MNRE
as 2 years from in principle approval conveyed i.e. Feb 24. MNRE vide
[Link].320/7/2019-NSM dated 16/06/23 has extended the timeline of
commissioning of Solar parks up to FY25-26i.e. March 2026 without any
financial implication. PGCIL’s 765 kV Bikaner –III substation is likely to take at
least 2 years for commissioning from award of contract. In view if these,
schedule of various activities for the execution of solar park, mainly the
commissioning of lines and substations have been reviewed. In considerations
to these, this revised DPR has been prepared. Revised DPR considers the
MNRE//SECI’s observations

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

3 SOLAR SECTOR OVERVIEW

The Western desert region of the State has sparse population, dry climate, very low
average rainfall, maximum sunshine hours, vast un-irrigated and non-agricultural land.
It receives the maximum solar irradiation intensity in India with availability of low-cost
land. Thus, Rajasthan has a huge potential for setting up of Solar Power Projects.

Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited (RRECL) is the State Nodal

Agency of the Government of Rajasthan for the development of renewable energy
sources. A SPV Company “Rajasthan Solarpark Development Company Limited
(RSDCL)” in form of a wholly owned subsidiary company of RRECL has been formed
for the development of infrastructure and management of Solar Parks. Ever since its
inception, RSDCL is playing the role of Solar Power Park Developer (SPPD) and has
already developed/is developing the following Solar Parks at its on:

1. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-I – 65 MW (Jodhpur District)

2. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-II – 680 MW (Jodhpur District)

3. Nokh Solar Park – 925 MW (Jaisalmer District)

Whereas the parent company of RSDCL i.e. RRECL has developed the following
Solar Parks in JV:

1. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-III – 1000 MW (JV with IL&FS)

2. Bhadla Solar Park Phase-IV – 500 MW (JV with Adani)

3. Phalodi-Pokaran Solar Park - 750 MW (JV with Essel Group)

4. Fatehgarh Solar Park – 421 MW (JV with Adani)

5. Mohangarh Solar Park – 2000 MW (JV with Adani) – Proposed & Being Developed

6. Cheetalwana Solar Park – 2000 MW (JV with Adani) – Proposed & Being Developed

7. Soorasar Solar Park – 1000 MW (JV with IL&FS) – Proposed & Being Developed

The Sun rays have ultra-violet as well as infra-red radiations. Solar thermal projects
utilise infra-red component of solar energy and Solar PV cells utilise ultra-violet
component of solar rays. Both technologies have been used for power generation but
with falling prices of PV modules, Solar PV generation has become viable and have
achieved grid price parity.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Solar infra-red radiation is dilute form of heat energy and has to be concentrated to
generate adequate temperature to heat either high temperature heat transfer fluid
(HTF) for Rankine cycle (i.e. steam based solar thermal plant) or inert helium gas for
Stirling cycle engines. The tracking of sun is required to have concentration of solar
energy. Solar thermal electricity (STE) is therefore also known as concentrated solar
power (CSP). It has been a proven technology with almost 30 years of experience. Its
strengths lie on inherent thermal storage giving firm availability of electric power during
sunshine hours and additional thermal storage to generate electric power during non-
sunshine hours. There are four major types of CSP technologies for electricity
generation. These are parabolic trough system, Linear Fresnel Reflector system,
parabolic dish system and Power tower system. Parabolic trough and linear Fresnel
reflector system based solar thermal power stations have been established in
Rajasthan. Their performance is not up to the mark and their tariff has not shown
downwards trend as witnessed for solar PV power plants.

Solar photovoltaic technologies operate on direct conversion of solar ultra-violet

radiation to direct current (D.C.) electric energy. It can be classified into PV –
Photovoltaic operating at ambient temperature - and CPV – concentrated photovoltaic
operating at high temperature. It can be further classified based on technology of PV
cell as mono -crystalline silicon, poly crystalline silicon or amorphous silicon cells. It is
also classified based on utilisation as standalone D.C. system, standalone A.C.
system and grid connected A.C. system with and without storage (using conventional
or lithium ion or Flow batteries (like redox battery). A.C. single / three phase devices
are in abundant use for lighting, heating and motive power appliances as such D.C.
power of solar PV is converted to A.C. power using inverters. A.C. power is transmitted
through long distance transmission system forming all India Grid and supplied to
ultimate consumers, so solar power converted to A.C. power and fed to Grid except
for roof top and in house captive installation where it is connected behind the meter in
consumers premises. Solar PV system is of modular construction in which number of
PV cells are connected to form a solar PV module/ panel which are connected in series
and parallel to have requisite direct current voltage and current matching with either
inverter input parameters (for A.C. system) or parameters of D.C. operating devices
or D.C. storage battery. Solar PV installation can also be of fixed tilt type or single
tracking or dual tracking mechanism. Yield ratio of tracking system to fixed tilt is higher
at latitude close to equator. On this account, fixed tilt is more prevalent in Rajasthan
as it is away from equator.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Crystalline silicon (c-Si) is the dominant semiconducting material used in photo-voltaic

technology for the production of single-junction solar cells Mono-crystalline silicon
(mono c-Si) is a form in which the crystal structure is homogenous throughout the
material. In electronics, crystalline silicon is typically the mono-crystalline form of
silicon, and is used for producing microchips. Production of semiconductor grade
silicon involves a chemical purification to grow mono-crystalline silicon. The
cylindrical bowls are then cut into wafers for further processing. The mono-crystalline
silicon used in electronics is of high purity compared to those required for solar cells.
Multi-crystalline silicon (multi c-Si) or poly crystalline silicon is composed of many
smaller silicon grains of varied crystallographic orientation. Solar cells made from c-Si
are generally more efficient than their rival technologies, which are thin film solar cells.

Amorphous silicon is non-crystalline form and is not chemically homogeneous in

nature. It is the lesser efficient comparing with mono and poly-crystalline, but it has
the advantage that it can be deposited as a film form also. When paired with
microcrystalline silicon in tandem and triple-junction solar cells (made
of InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge) higher efficiency can be attained. Thin film PV cells are also
of CdTe (Cadmium Tellerudide) or CIGS (Copper Indium Gallium Solenoid) cells. Thin
film uses less silicon and also less components and endures the environment
temperature in a better way that other forms of PV.

Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) uses lenses and curved mirrors and tracking system
to focus sunlight onto small, but highly efficient, multi-junction (MJ) solar cells. Multi-
Junction solar cells are with multiple p–n junctions made of different semiconductor
materials producing electric current in response to different wavelengths of light thus
the absorbance of a broader range of wavelengths, improving the sunlight to electrical
energy conversion efficiency. Concentrated Photovoltaic CPV uses triple junction cells
(made of indium gallium phosphide orgallium arsenide or arsenide and germanium
wafer base or InGaP/(In)GaAs/Ge). They possess the highest efficiency of all existing
PV technologies.

Future Cost Reductions is expected to arise from Cost Drivers and Efficiency Drivers.
The first one includes potential cost reductions due to economies of scales and market
development for input components, etc., while the latter one refers to technological
improvements. Poly crystalline PV modules design is undergoing changes to have
higher packing and efficiency. Traditional monocrystalline solar panels usually have
60 to 72 solar cells, so when those cells are cut in half, very delicately, with a laser,

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

each cell is reduced in size and the number of cells increases and they have more
cells on the panel than traditional panels do. Half-cut panels thus have 120 to 144 cells
and are usually made with PERC technology, which offers higher module efficiency.
The panel itself is then split in half so that the top and bottom portions operate as two
separate panels - generating energy even if one half is shaded. PV Modules with 72
cell configurations with panel size of 1mx2m. with half cut 144 cell configuration solar
PV modules have panel size of 1.13mx2.26m. Further, Passivated Emitter and Rear
Contact (PERC) solar cells have an extra layer within the back side of the cell which
allows some of the sun’s rays to reflect back into the solar cell to produce 6 to 12
percent more energy than conventional solar panels. PERC solar cells are becoming
a more common option for making solar panels since PERC solar cells, a modification
of conventional cells, can be manufactured using the same equipment. Bifacial PV
modules have been introduced to effect additional generation by back side of panel
from reflected solar insolation / irradiance (specially from highly reflecting thermos
plastic polyolefin roof or ground with light coloured stones).

The benefits from scale up will also come from cost reduction / MW of the power
evacuation system, fixed costs from project implementation, engineering and project
management, power block and its components. Further, engineering costs and
construction costs will decrease due to operational experience and established
infrastructure.

3.1 INSTALLED SOLAR CAPACITY IN INDIA:

3.1.1 Capacity Installed and Under Construction Per State:

Till June. 23, India has renewable energy generation capacity of 129642 MW out of
which solar generation capacity was 70097 MW. State wise breakup is as tabulated
below (Source [Link]

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Table 3-1: State wise renewable power capacity

3.1.2 Schemes Available and Capacity Per Scheme

42 number of solar parks with an aggregate capacity of 28416 MW have been

approved by June 22 under MNRE scheme for development of Solar Parks. State wise
implementation is as under:

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Table 3-2: State–wise Solar Park Implementation

S. Capacity
State Solar Park Solar Power Parks Developer (SPPD)
No (MW)

Anantpur Ultra Mega

1. 1000
Solar Park

NP Kunta Ultra Mega

2. 1500
Solar Park

Ananthapuramu-I
3. 1500
Solar Park
Andhra
4. Pradesh Kurnool Solar Park 1000
AP Solar Power Corporation Pvt. Ltd.
5. Kadapa Solar Park 1000
(APSPCL), JVC of SECI, APGENCO
and NREDCAP
Ananthapuramu-II
6. 500
Solar Park

Hybrid Solar Wind

7. 160
Park

Arunachal Arunachal Pradesh Energy

8. Lohit Solar Park 20
Pradesh Development Agency (APEDA)

Radhnesada Solar
9 700
Park
Gujarat Power Corporation Limited
10. Harsad Solar Park 350
(GPCL)
Gujarat
Dholera Solar Park
11. 1000
Ph-I

Dholera Solar Park Solar Energy Corporation of India

12. 4000
Ph-II (SECI)

Himachal
13. Kaza Solar Park 1000 JVC of SJVN & Govt of HP
Pradesh

Solar Energy Corporation of India

14. Jharkhand Floating Solar Park 150
(SECI)

Karnataka Solar Power Development

15. Karnataka Pavagada Solar Park 2000 Corporation Pvt. Ltd. (KSPDCL), JVC of
KREDL & SECI

Renewable Power Corporation of

16. Kerala Kasargod Solar Park 105
Kerala Limited (RPCKL), JVC of SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited, JVC of

17. 750
Madhya Solar Plant MPUVNL & SECI
Pradesh
18. Rewa Solar Park 750

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

S. Capacity
State Solar Park Solar Power Parks Developer (SPPD)
No (MW)

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited

19. Mandsaur Solar Park 250
(RUMSL), JVC of MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited

20. Neemuch 500
(RUMSL), JVC of MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited

21. Agar 550
(RUMSL), JVC of MPNRED & SECI

Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited

22. Shajapur 450
(RUMSL), JVC of MPNRED & SECI

Omkareswar Floating Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited

23. 600
Solar Park (RUMSL), JVC of MPNRED & SECI

Chhattarpur Solar Rewa Ultra Mega Solar Limited

24. 950
Park (RUMSL), JVC of MPNRED & SECI

25. Barethi Solar Park 550 NTPC

Sai Guru Solar Park M/s Sai Guru Mega Solar Park Pvt. Ltd.
26. 500
(Pragat) (formerly M/s Pragat Akshay Urja Ltd.)

Patoda Solar Park M/s Paramount Solar Power Pvt. Ltd.

27. Maharashtra 150
(Paramount) (formerly M/s K. P. Power Pvt. Ltd.)

Maharashtra State Electricity

Dondaicha Solar
28. 250 Generating Company Ltd.
Park
(MAHAGENCO)

Manipur Tribal Development Corpn.

29. Manipur Bukpi Solar Park 20
Ltd. (MTDCL)

Solar Park in Meghalaya Power Generation

30. Meghalaya 20
Meghalaya Corporation Ltd (MePGCL)

31. Mizoram Vankal Solar Park 20 Power & Electricity Department

32. Solar Park by NHPC 40 NHPC Limited

Odisha
33. Solar Park by NHPC 100 NHPC Limited

Raj. Solar Park Development Company

34. Bhadla-I Solar Park 65 Limited (RSDCL), A subsidiary of
RRECL

Rajasthan Rajasthan Solar Park Development

35. Bhadla-II Solar Park 680
Company Ltd. (RSDCL)

M/s Surya Urja Company of Rajasthan

36. Bhadla-III Solar Park 1000
Ltd (SUCRL) JVC of State Govt

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

S. Capacity
State Solar Park Solar Power Parks Developer (SPPD)
No (MW)

M/s Adani Renewable Energy Park

37. Bhadla-IV Solar Park 500 Rajasthan Limited (AREPRL) JVC of
State Govt

M/s Essel Surya Urja Company of

Phalodi-Pokaran
38. 750 Rajasthan Limited (ESUCRL) JVC of
Solar Park
State Govt

M/s Adani Renewable Energy Park

Fatehgarh Phase-1B
39. 421 Rajasthan Limited (AREPRL) JVC of
Solar Park
State Govt

Rajasthan Solar Park Development

40. Nokh Solar Park 925
Company Ltd. (RSDCL)

Lucknow Solar Power Development

41. Solar Park in UP 440 Corporation Ltd. (LSPDCL) JVC of
Uttar Pradesh UPNEDA & SECI

42. Jalaun Solar Park 1200 BSUL

Ref: [Link]

3.2 INSTALLED SOLAR CAPACITY IN THE STATE:

3.2.1 Capacity Installed and Under Construction in The State:

As on date (up to Feb23), Rajasthan has installed capacity of Solar Power of 14454.70
MW, which is highest in the country, whereas 85,775.4 MW capacity under Solar
Power is under installation/pipeline. The Bhadla Solar Park is the largest solar park in
the world.

3.2.2 Schemes Being Implemented:

There are broadly two schemes of solar power generation which are (i) Ground
Mounted and (ii) Rooftop. Out of which Ground Mounted has further schemes such as
(a) Solar Parks, (b) Stand-alone Solar Plants, and (c) PM Kusum Yojana in which solar
plants of 0.5 to 2 MW are being installed on the waste/un-utilised land in the vicinity of
around of 5 km. from existing 33/11 substation. In the Kusum scheme, total 623
number of projects have been awarded for 722 MW capacity, out of which 47 number
of projects have been completed for 62.5 MW capacity.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

3.2.3 RPO Obligations and Current Status

Section 86(1)( e) of the Electricity Act 2003 interalia specifies for the state regulatory
commission to specify for purchase of electricity from such sources, a percentage of
the total consumption of electricity in the area of a distribution licence. In pursuance
to this section, SERCs have specified Renewable Energy Purchase Obligation (‘RPO’)
for distribution licensees and thermal power use by captive consumers and Open
access consumers with provisions of penalty for default. The Rajasthan Electricity
Regulatory Commission (RERC), has been notifying RPO obligations since November
2006. RPO obligation for solar was incorporated from 2011-12 and till FY23-24 the
same is as under for distribution licensees:

Year Solar-RPO Total RPO

2011-12 0.50% 6.00%
2012-13 0.75% 7.10%
2013-14 1.00% 8.20%
2014-15 1.50% 9.00%
2015-16 2.00% 10.20%
2016-17 2.50% 11.40%
2017-18@ 4.75% 14.25%
2018-19(revised)@ 4.75% 13.35%
2019-20@ 6.00% 15.00%
2020-21@ 7.25% 16.65%
2021-22@ 8.50% 18.30%
2022-23@ 9.50% 19.60%
2023-24@ 10.50% 21.00%

@RPO till FY16-17 was on total consumption and thereafter on total consumption
excluding consumption met from hydro energy sources.

RRECL is monitoring the RPO compliance in the state. Fulfilment of RPO compliance
by Discoms for the FY2015-16 to 2017-18 have come before RERC through petition
no. RERC-1507/19. It was brought out that the Discoms have not been able to achieve
targets in Wind, Biomass and solar energy. The commission by its order dated
09.10.2020 has directed Discoms to make up in next three years by buying Renewable
energy through reverse bidding. As per RRECL, for the year FY21-22, for which data
has been compiled, against RPO of 8.5%, achievement has been 7.02%.

Petitions for Annual Revenue requirement for FY22-23, filed by Discoms, have
indicated figures for energy purchase and sales. Accordingly, RPO compliance for
solar energy is envisaged to be 8.88% (excluding roof top energy generation) vide
table given below. This is against the target of 9.50%.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Table 3-3: RPO compliance as per Formats of ARR petition for FY22-23

Power purchases (M.U.) Solar RPO

Discom Name Sales (M.U.)
Solar Kusum Total Achievement

JVVNL 2422 165 2587 29245 8.85%

AVVNL 1640 122 1762 21574 8.17%
JdVVNL 1982 250 2232 26968 8.28%
All Discoms 6044 537 6581 77787 8.46%
Hydro Component 4.71% 3667
Sales Excluding Hydro Component 74120 8.88%

RERC Net Metering Regulations, 2015 specifies that the quantum of electricity
generated from the Rooftop PV Solar Power Plant under net metering arrangement
by an Eligible Consumer, who is not defined as obligated entity, shall qualify towards
compliance of Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) for the distribution licensee in
whose area of the supply the Eligible Consumer is located. Roof top capacity is 814
MW against ground mounted solar plant capacity of 11882 MW (as per following
details at RRECL website). With rooftop solar energy generation considered, there
may be no or marginal deficiency in solar RPO compliance by Discoms as per RERC
regulations.

TOTAL RE (Up to Feb 23) 19116.80 MW

SOLAR 14454.70 MW

(a) GROUND MOUNTED SOLAR CAPACITY 11821.87 MW

(b) ROOFTOP 814.02 MW

(c) OFF GRID 438.41 MW

(d) SOLAR HYBRID 1380.40 MW

WIND 4537.02 MW

BIOMASS 125.08 MW

Under tariff policy, on 22.07.22, Govt. of India has specified trajectory of RPO for Wind
projects commissioned after 31.3.22(Wind-RPO), hydro projects commissioned after
08.03.19(HPO) and renewable energy sources (including solar), other than projects
covered by wind-RPO and HPO and out of which storage of RE (other than new wind
and hydro) as under:

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Year Wind RPO HPO Other RPO Total RPO Storage*

2022-23 0.81% 0.35% 23.44% 24.61% -

2023-24 1.60% 0.66% 24.81% 27.08% 1.0%

2024-25 2.46% 1.08% 26.37% 29.91% 1.50%

2025-26 3.36% 1.48% 28.17% 33.01% 2.0%

2026-27 4.29% 1.80% 29.86% 35.95% 2.5%

2027-28 5.23% 2.15% 31.43% 38.81% 3.0%

2028-29 6.16% 2.51% 32.69% 41.36% 3.5%

2029-30 6.94% 2.82% 33.57% 43.33% 4.0%

*Energy storage from solar and wind RE sources, to be calculated on energy terms as % of total
electricity consumption. Fulfilment will be considered when at least 85% of total energy stored is
procured from these RE sources.

# From Financial year 2022-23 onwards, the energy purchased from all Hydro Power Projects will be
considered as part of RPO

RERC has notified on 13.06.23 the Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission

(Renewable Purchase Obligation) Regulations, 2023 and shall come into force
from 01.04.2024, accordingly The minimum Renewable Purchase Obligations for
Distribution Licensee including deemed licensee shall be as under:

Year Wind RPO HPO Other Total RPO Storage*

RPO
2024-25 2.46% 1.08% 26.37% 29.91% 1.50%
2025-26 3.36% 1.48% 28.17% 33.01% 2.0%
2026-27 4.29% 1.80% 29.86% 35.95% 2.5%
2027-28 5.23% 2.15% 31.43% 38.81% 3.0%
2028-29 6.16% 2.51% 32.69% 41.36% 3.5%
2029-30 6.94% 2.82% 33.57% 43.33% 4.0%
For the Distribution Licensee including the deemed licensee the above percentage
of total energy consumed shall be solar/wind energy along with/through storage:

For Captive Power Planta and Open Access Consumers with 1 MW and above,
only total RPO as above has been specified.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

For distribution licensees:

(i) Wind RPO is to be met by energy produced from Wind Power Projects (WPPs)
commissioned after 31.03.2022 and the wind energy consumed over and
above 7% from WPPs commissioned till 31.03.2022; and

(ii)Hydro RPO is to be met by energy produced from Hydro Power Projects

(Including PSPs and Small Hydro Pumps (SHPs)), commissioned after 8th
March 2019); and

(ii) Other RPO may be met by energy produced from any RE based /green
energy-based power project not mentioned in Wind RPO and HPO. Presently
the power purchase price from solar PV is lowest and this trend is likely to
continue. With this, other RPO will predominantly be met from solar power
generation.

As per methodology specified w.e.f. FY24-25, presently power purchases

envisaged from for solar, biomass and hydro generation for FY23-24, Other
RPO as specified may be met by Rajathan discoms for FY24-25 but for
subsequent years additional solar power purchases will be required.

3.3 SOLAR PARKS SCHEME IN INDIA AND THE RATIONALE FOR THE SOLAR
PARK:

To accelerate the installation of Solar Energy generation projects, the Ministry of New
and renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India, has drawn schemes to provide
financial assistance to set up number of solar parks across various states in the
country, each with a capacity of Solar Projects generally above 500 MW. The
proposed financial support is with an aim to facilitate the creation of infrastructure
necessary for setting-up new solar power projects. As per the policy, these solar parks
will be developed in collaboration with the State Governments. SECI will handle funds
to be made available under the scheme on behalf of GOI.

As part of Solar Park development scheme, land required for development of Solar
Power Projects with cumulative capacity generally of 500 MW and above will be
identified and acquired and various infrastructure like transmission system, water,
road connectivity and communication network etc. will be developed. The parks will
be characterized by well-developed proper infrastructure where the risk & gestation
period of the projects will be minimized. At the state level, the solar park will enable

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

the states to bring in significant investment from project developers in Solar Power
sector, to meet its Solar power Purchase Obligation (SPO) mandates and provide
employment opportunities to local population. The state will also be able to reduce its
carbon footprint by avoiding emissions equivalent to the solar park’s generated
capacity. State wise solar park implementation status is as under:

3.3.1 Soorasar Solar Park Scheme:

Soorasar Solar Park scheme will be the third solar park scheme undertaken by RSDCL
after Bhadla (Phase-I & II) and Nokh Solar Parks. Its planned capacity will be 1000
MW. Park will be subdivided into three plots, one of 500 MW and two plots of 250 MW
each, each transmitting its generation on 33 kV cables or overhead line along internal
roads to intermediate 132 KV PPS. Three 132 kV PPSs (one for 500 MW plot and
other two for 250 MW plot) will be provided with one of the PPS will be embedded in
400 kV PPS through which power will be transmitted to 400 kV Main PPS. from which
entire generation of park will be transmitted to 400 kV bays of 765 kV substation of
Power Grid Corporation of India, likely to be established at Lakhusar/Motigarh in
neighbouring Chhattargarh tehsil. Transformation capacity shall be 6x100 MVA for
500 MW plot and 3x100 MVA for 250 MW plot with each transformer having
continuous overloading capacity of 110%.

Water requirement for solar park shall be drawn from nearby main canal of Indira
Gandhi Nahar Pariyojana (IGNP) at a distance of about 14.11 km. From main canal
raw water will be brought to the plot earmarked for Water Infrastructure at Solar Park.
The raw water will be filtered and stored in overhead water reservoir (OHSR) from
which clean filtered water shall be supplied to the Solar Power Developers (SPDs).
Water is precious commodity in Rajasthan. With a moto of conserving water, Solar
Park is conceived with SPDs adopting recycling of water and dry cleaning of solar
modules. Solar Park is designed to cater to drinking water supply and 12 water wash
in a year with 50% water to be recycled, for which SPDs have to create a separate
reservoir for collection of waste water from where it will be pumped back for recycling
by SPPD.

Sriganganagar-Attarbad–Pugal-Bap Road (include in Bharatmala project) passing

through the Solar Park. This will be an approach road to the park from Bikaner city.
From this road, a single lane bituminous road is traversing to Bhanawatawala and
Soorasar villages passing through the Park. With one PPS serving a plot, internal

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

roads will be branching from Attarbad-Pugal Road and its tee off to Soorasar and will
interconnect all PPSs. These internal roads will be constructed as single lane (3.75 m
wide). Along with all the roads gravel shoulder of 1m wide at both the sides will be
provided and both the sides of all roads will have kachcha drains and brick masonry
trenches for water pipelines, communication and electrical cables for street lighting.

Street lighting will be provided along all internal roads and roads traversing through
Solar Park.

Solar Power Developers (SPDs) will arrange office and residence for their staff at their
own. SPDs in their plots will construct clean water tank, recycled water tank (near
clean water delivery point), septic tanks for sewerage, material store etc. From
recycled water tank water will be pumped back to raw water treatment plant by SPPD.

There is a 10,000 MW deficit in meeting target of 1,75,000 MW taking into account the
installed generation capacity of large hydro projects. Target of creating 5,00,000 MW
RE capacity by 2030 is more ambitious. Thus, there will not be a dearth of solar power
demand and this park will make a little contribution to demand.

With Government of India, specifying trajectory of steep rise in RE RPO requirement

of solar power to meet RPO by Rajasthan Discoms will increase. Thus, even from the
perspective to supply solar power generation to Rajasthan Discoms, this solar park
will meet little contribution.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

4 PROJECT DETAILS
• TOTAL POWER CAPACITY (IN AC):

Solar Park is envisaged to have 1000 MW (A.C.) with Performance ratio of 80%. i.e.
D.C. module capacity of 1250 MW.

• LAND SIZE

The land requirement for solar park will be met by the allotment of Govt. land. Land
allotment (as per land records) for solar park is [1193.65] hectares at village Soorasar
and [806.35] hectares at village Bhanawatawala. Thus, total land being allotted by
State Government is 2000.00 hectares. There are number of private khasras in the
park area. Private khasra are embedded in solar park making the irregular shaped
land and requiring their right of ways. These are 136.96 hectares and are proposed to
be acquired. cost of their acquisition has been considered. As brought out at chaprter-
2, land requirement is considered as 2 Hectare /MW (A.C.) for solar power plant. Rest
of the land will be utilised for creating roads, water, electrical infrastructure and
greenery development. Roads will include right of ways to private land holders in the
solar park area. Greenery development will include providing shrubs on solar park
boundary and along the roads to prevent sand carried away by breeze to solar park.

• NUMBER OF SOLAR PLOTS ENVISAGED:

Solar Park is envisaged to have 1 plots of 500 MW (A.C.) and 2 plots of 250 MW (A.C.)
each.

• INTERNAL ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE:

Transmission of power from solar power station to 132 kV substation is envisaged by

33 kV cables or 33 kV double / multi circuit overhead lines. One 33 KV bay is
considered for 25 MW power injection. Plots adjacent to park are conceived to transmit
power by 33 kV cables and those not adjacent to 132 kV substation may have option
of cable or overhead line.

500 MW 132 kV park pooling substation has been considered with 132 / 33 kV
transformation capacity of 6x100 =600 MVA. 250 MW 132 kV park pooling substation
has been considered with 132 / 33 kV transformation capacity of 3x100 =300 MVA.
Switching bus arrangement is considered as main and transfer bus scheme for 33kV
with sectionalised main bus and bus couplers, to have reliability. Number of bus bus

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

sectionalisers provided for 250 MW solar park are 2 so that normally they are kept
open so that each 100 MVA transformer operates separately and in case not more
than 2 transformers are operated in parallelism so as to limit short circuit current to
31.5 kA rms. For 500 MW solar park, bus sectionalisers provided are 3 so that normally
they are kept open so that group of 2x100 MVA transformer operates separately so
as to limit short circuit current to 31.5 kA rms. Middle bus will have additional bus
sectionaliser so that under outage of one of the bus also 5x100 MVA transformers
are in operation and not more than 2 transformers are in parallelism. For 132 kV
switching arrangement is main and transfer bus with sectionalised main bus with bus
sectionaliser and two bus couplers, to have reliability.

Nos of 132 kV substations will be three. None of which will be embeded in main 400
kV substation. Interconnections from between 132 kV substations and 132 kV to 400
kV substation will be using 132 kV Twin AL-59 (Zebra eq.) bundle conductor double
circuit and Quadruple circuit (or 2x double circuit) lines as per block diagram at
annexure section.

Allotted land for Soorasar solar park is having private khasras which divides it into
three pieces of land. Line route of 132 kV lines have been considered with crossing of
these khasras at point of minimum separation preferably with no tower in private land.

A. Conductor Selection:

The Central Electricity Authority New Delhi’s Manual On Transmission Planning

Criteria (March 2023) provides at Table-2 (page 66) ampacity of ACSR (Aluminium
conductor Steel reinforced) and special conductors like AL-59 (drawn from aluminium-
magnesium-silica rods), HTLS(High Temperature Low Sag), ACCC (Aluminium
conductor composite core)at different Ambient temperature and maximum conductor
temperature with solar insolation of 1045 watts / sq. meters, wind speed of 0.56 m/sec
(with 90 deg angle between wind and axis of conductor), Absorption coefficient as 0.8
and emissivity coefficient of 0.45. Accordingly current ratings are as at table given
below. Solar PV plants output is practically at unity power factor. Maximum conductor
considered by CEA is 85 deg C for ACSR, 95 Deg C for AAAC and Al-59 and 250 deg
C for HTLS. Considering power factor as 0.98 line loadings at 50 deg. ambient
temperature is given in table:

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Table 4-1: current carrying capacity of various conductors

Load carrying capacity of single

conductor at 132 kV at 0.98 power
Peak
Conductor Ampacity, factor,MW
conductor
name Amps
temp., deg C
Single Twin conductors
conductors

AL-59(Panthar 251.1
95 578 125.5
Eq.)

ACSR Zebra equivalent:

ACSR Zebra 271.5

85 625 135.7
(dia 28.62 mm)

85 648 140.7 281.5

AL-59
(dia 27.72 mm)
95. 782 169.8 339.7

85 642 139.4 278.9

AAAC
(dia 28.71 mm)
95 776 168.5 337.1

ACSR Moose equivalent:

ACSR Moose
85 726 153.2
(dia 31.77 mm)

AL-59
95 852 185.1
(dia 29.79 mm)

AL-59
95 916 199.0
(dia 31.68 mm)

AAAC
95 882 191.6
(dia 31.95 mm)

Although Solar plots are considered in multiple of 250 MW but land configuration may
require changes in capacity by say +/- 10%. Considering peak transfer of power under
132 kV lines to be average 275MW, single conductor is not found suitable. Conductor
temperature to be considered depends online tower design. For existing line design,
conductor tension and sag at requisite temperature should not exceed the Design
value. With the delivery period corresponding to 24 month’s schedule, appropriate
tower can be designed and tested or selected from existing tested tower. AL-59
(Zebra equivalent) conductor manufactured in India and also used by developers.
considering this, twin bundle AL-59 conductor (Zebra equivalent) has been selected.
It will normally operate at 85 deg C.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

B. 132 kV transmission Line Tower:

132 kV transmission line with twin bundle conductor has not been used in Rajasthan.
Although, design and testing of tower for such configuration (with 95 deg conductor
temperature) may fit in the delivery schedule yet bidders for 132 kV line will be given
options (i) to have tower designed and tested for this conductor configuration within
the scheduled delivery period or (ii) to use tower designed and tested elsewhere in
India for this configuration or (iii) to use 220 kV tested towers with twin ‘Moose’ / ’Zebra’
conductor with tension of twin bundle conductors not exceeding design load and
conductor sag plus line clearance (for 132 kV) is feasible as per calculations submitted
by the bidder.

C. Corridors for Transmission Lines in Solar Park:

Guideline of corridors for Laying Transmission Lines through Forest Areas is as under:

Table 4-2: Corridor Width for Transmission Lines

(a) 33 kV line 15.0 meters

(b) 132 kV line 27.0 meters

(c) 220 kV line 35.0 meters

(d) 400 kV line 52.0 meters

(e) 800 kV line 85.0 meters

A 3.0-meter strip is provided to avoid falling trees during maintenance. This has been
considered as minimum corridor width for transmission lines in the solar park. Solar
PV generation is dependent on solar radiations on PV modules. Shadow on PV
modules will result in reduced generation which will then be based on diffused
radiations. Only shadow which is likely to fall on solar modules is that due to (i)
lightening masts, (ii) transformers, (iii) inverter (panels or room), (iv) control room and
(v) line towers and conductor. A solar park design is to consider only the last one as
others are to be taken care by the PV plant designer. Shadows are very long during
morning and evening when solar insolation is less and shadow during this short period
may be unavoidable. It has been therefore considered that no shadow of line tower
should fall on solar park plot for solar elevation angle of 30 degrees or more. This will

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

ensure no shadow in solar plot for approximately the hours, before and after solar
noon (12.00 hours solar time), as under at Soorasar:

Table 4-3: Monthly No-shadow hours (solar altitude>=30deg)

No shadow for
Date of Year
Solar Hours Total Hours

21.1 12.00 (+)/-) 2.5 hours 4.9

21.2 12.00 (+)/-) 3.1 hours 6.3

21.3 (Vernal equinox) 12.00 (+)/-) 3.7 hours 7.4

21.4 12.00 (+)/-) 4.1 hours 8.3

21.5 12.00 (+)/-) 4.4 hours 8.8

21.6 (Summer solstice) 12.00 (+)/-) 4.5 hours 9

21.7 12.00 (+)/-) 4.4 hours 8.8

22.8 12.00 (+)/-) 4.1 hours 8.3

23.9 (Autumnal equinox) 12.00 (+)/-) 3.7 hours 7.3

23.1 12.00 (+)/-) 3.1 hours 6.1

22.11 12.00 (+)/-) 2.4 hours 4.8

21.12 (Winter solstice) 12.00 (+)/-) 2.1 hours 4.2

Time for which there will be no shadow on PV modules will be even longer as solar
PV modules will not be just on the boundary of plot and tower heights may be less
than that considered. Internal lines in Solar Park will be 132 kV lines. Height of 132
KV Double Circuit and 4 circuit line tower is estimated as 27.9 and 38.6 meters
respectively. For this height, shadows have been worked out for solar elevation angle
of 30deg for 21 March (Vernal equinox), 21 June (Summer solstice), 23 September
(Autumnal equinox) and 21 December (Winter solstice) and is tabulated below. The
Shadow of tower corridor will be dependent on movement of sun and will be
independent of line direction, but since corridor is provided at right angle to line
direction to avoid shadow and so it will be reflected differently as per line direction.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Table 4-4: Shadow corridor for 132kV and 400 kV transmission line

Shadow length
Line route
S.
with respect perpendicular to line along the line
No.
to east west
on LHS* on RHS* front* back*

132 kV D/C line- tower height - 27.9 Meters

(i) 0 deg 43 North side 3 south side 48 east side 48 west side

(ii) 30 deg 51 North side 13 south side 49 east side 37 west side

(iii) 45 deg 50 North side 24 south side 49 east side 27 west side

(iv) 60 deg 50 North side 35 south side 48 east side 16 west side

(v) 90 deg 45 east side 50 west side 43 north side 1 south side

132 kV Q/C line- tower height - 38.6 Meters

(i) 0 deg 59 North side 4 south side 66 east side 66 west side

(ii) 30 deg 70 North side 18 south side 67 east side 51 west side

(iii) 45 deg 69 North side 34 south side 67 east side 37 west side

(iv) 60 deg 70 North side 49 south side 66 east side 23 west side

(v) 90 deg 63 east side 70 west side 59 north side 1 south side

400 kV D/C line- tower height - 55.9 Meters

(i) 0 deg 85 North side 5 north side 95 east side 95 west side

(ii) 30 deg 101 North side 26 south side 97 east side 73 west side

(iii) 45 deg 99 North side 48 south side 97 east side 53 west side

(iv) 60 deg 100 North side 70 south side 95 east side 32 west side

(v) 90 deg 90 east side 100 west side 85 north side 1 south side

Line shadow (with solar ray at 30 deg) at Soorasar

Shadow for 132 kV lines worked out in proportion to hight based on shadow of 400kV line tower

* While moving along line west-east for(i), southwest- northeast (for (ii) &(iii)), south to north (for [Link].
(iv))

Main 400 kV substation has been conceived to have 4x315 MVA 400/132 kV
transformation capacity and power evacuation to PGCIL’s 765 kV substation is

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

conceived by 400 kV twin Al-59(Moose) Double Circuit line. With Al-59 (Moose
eq.)conductor (61/3.52), even single circuit will cater up to 1000MW for conductor
temperature of 85 deg C. 125 MVAR bus reactor has been considered from EHV
transmission system considerations although 400 kV lines evacuating the solar park
power are of very short length. Main and transfer bus switching scheme has been
considered for 132 kV substations and 1.5 breaker switching scheme has been
considered for 400 kV substation.

• EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE:

In this region, State Grid has 220 kV substations at Suratgarh, Bikaner, Gajner and
Chattargarh, 400 kV substation at Bikaner and Suratgarh and Central grid has 765 kV
Bikaner -I substation at Jamsar. Existing Bikaner substation of CTU is at distance of
about 45 kms and have strong backup system but its bays are already allocated.
CTU’s second Bikaner-II substation is farther away at about 115 km distance. Long
400 kV lines for evacuation of power will increase project cost and make solar park
unviable. Installation of 765 kV substation with 400 kV bays near Soorasar is under
consideration of (i) RVPN and (ii) PGCIL. Evacuation of power has been considered
to PGCIL’S Bikaner -III substation proposed at Lakhusar about 19 km from 400
KVmain substation of the solar Park.

The external transmission is considered with 400 kV double circuit line with twin Moose
Al-59 conductor. The current rating of ACSR Moose conductor is 707 Amps at 85 deg
C conductor temperature (vide table above). With twin moose each circuit of 400 kV
line can cater 1414 Amps, that is, 931 MW at 0.98 power factor. Thus 400 kV double
circuit line would cater for the full generation of solar park but it will not carry full
generation in case of outage of a circuit. To have, N-1 probability, Conductor will be
AL-59 Moose eq. (61/3.31mm) having higher current rating of 852 amps, which can
transmit 1121 MW power on single circuit.

Construction power supply will be made available by SPPD as per para 4.5.1A

ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE:

Internal roads between PPSs and approach road to internal roads from Attarbad-Pugal
Road have been considered as of 9 m (3.75-meter BT top + 1.0 m strip on either side).
Internal roads have been considered along the shadow corridor of 132 kV lines.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

For solar plot adjacent to EHV SS, 1.0-meter space along the road has been
considered for 33 kV cable trench and 11.0 meter for road. A 9.0-meter space is
considered at the boundary between two solar plots for clean water pipeline, recycled
water pipeline, 33 kV d/c overhead line (if required), drainage and cable trench.

RSDCL has consented to district collector, Bikaner to provide 30 feet pathway to

private khasras in Solar Park. Wherever, approach to private khasras is not provided
by internal roads, 30 feet pathways only has been considered.

Levelling of land for the internal roads has been considered as 1 meter on either side.
Besides this, levelling of land 132 kV and main 400 kV PPS will be caried out by the
RSDCL as SPPD and levelling of land used for water infrastructure will be done, if
required, by SPPD. Solar PV generator may not require levelling of entire plot at same
level. Solar power producer can utilise sloping/undulated land without entire plot
levelling by varying structure hight and inter-module spacing, as such levelling suiting
to his requirement can vary from producer to producer and has therefore will be
effected by solar power producer.

Sriganganagar-Attarbad–Pugal-Bap Road (include in Bharatmala project) passing

through the Solar Park. This will be an approach road to the park. From this, a
bituminous road is traversing to Bhanawatawala and Soorasar villages. Along with all
the roads, to be constructed, gravel shoulder of 1m wide at both the sides will be
provided and both the sides of all roads will have kachcha drains, brick masonry
trenches for water pipelines, electrical cables, etc.

Street lighting will be provided along all internal roads and approach road to internal
road.

• WATER PIPELINE/SUPPLY/RETICULATION & RECIRCULATION:

IGNP canal is about 14.11 km. from Soorasar. Water requirement of Solar Park will
be taken from IGNP and pumped to Raw Water Reservoirs at about 14.11 km from
IGNP at the designated plot in the Solar Park.

In considerations to sand dunes traversing through Soorasar – Bhanawatwala

solarpark and average ground level having slope towards canal in North, to provide a
water tank at highest position in southern end will entail long pipelines from IGNP. To
achieve economy, Raw water reservoir tanks, clean water tanks and main overhead

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

tanks are considered at the designated plot in Solar Park near PPS-1. One overhead
tank will also provide proper water head in all southern end solar plots.

Water pipelines from overhead tanks will route along the internal roads such that each
solar power plot has access to water pipeline for their water requirement. Water
pipelines from delivery point on their plot boundary and internal distribution will be
drawn by power producers (SPDs). Construction water supply will be made available
by SPPD as per para 4.5.4.

• COMMON FACILITIES:

Common facilities other than road, water and electrical infrastructure includes:

1. Green Area Development along the internal roads and in other area, wherever
possible.

2. Connectivity to CTU/STU EHV transmission system.

No residential colony and sewerage pipelines have been considered. Septic tank will
be provided by solar power developer (SPD). Waste disposal with solar power plant
premises /solar plot will be arranged by SPD or their association and that beyond solar
plot will be arranged by SPPD as detailed at para 4.5.5. Open store as well as
warehouse will be provided by SPPD as discussed at para 4.5.5

CSR activities:

CSR activities will be undertaken by RSDCL as per their corporate policy. The Section
135 of the companies Act provides that every company having net worth of rupees
five hundred crore (or more), or turnover of rupees one thousand crore or more or a
net profit of rupees five crore (or more) during any financial year shall constitute a
Corporate Social Responsibility Committee of the Board and company shall ensure
that the company spends, in every financial year, at least two per cent. of the average
net profits of the company made during the three immediately preceding financial
year, or where the company has not completed the period of three financial years
since its incorporation, during such immediately preceding financial years, in
pursuance of its Corporate Social Responsibility Policy. RSDCL has constituted
Corporate Social Responsibility Committee and has formulated a Corporate Social

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Responsibility policy. The said committee will draw the activities to be undertaken by
the company.

Although, RSDCL has laid down the CSR policy as per the Companies Act, however,
there is a provision kept for Community Development Fund (CDF) specific to Soorasar
Solar Park Project equivalent to 1% of the total cost of the Solar Park.

4.1 SOLAR PARK LOCATION AND LAND OWNERSHIP

• Location and Approach:

Solar Park is located at Soorasar and Bhanawatwala villages in Pugal tehsil Bikaner
district jodhpur division of Rajasthan. Lattitude and longitude of Soorasar (PIN
334001) is 28.339394°N, 72.916099°E and of Bhanawatwala - 28.345388°N,
72.98017°E.

• GPS coordinates (or UTM) of the boundaries of the land

28.316 -27.388°N (with inner point at 28.365°N) and 72.919 – 73.024°E

• Proximity of rail, port, major highways and major cities:

Nearest Important city is Bikaner which is also the nearest railway station is Bikaner
city of Rajasthan. Nearest Highway is State Highway – 3 (SH-3) which distance from
Site is Approx. 20 kms. Shriganganagar – Attarbad-Pugal-Bap Road passes through
Solar Park. This road is included in Bharatmala project. From Bikaner city, Soorasar
village can be approached on Bikaner-Jaimalsar-Randheesar route (road distance 55
km) or Bikaner -Badrasar-Jalwali-karnisar- Siyasar pachkosa route (road distance
88.5 kms). Nearest Airport is Jodhpur which distance Approx. 315 kms.

• Land Nature:

Government land has been allotted for Soorasar Solar Park.

• Land Ownership Status:

The ownership of proposed land is government. However, there are few private
khasras in the park area embedded in solar plots making them irregular shaped and
also it is mandatory to provide right of ways to these private khasra. These private

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

khasra (approx. 136.96 hectares) are proposed to be acquired by RSDCL, hence, cost
of their acquisition has been considered.

• Land Acquisition process:

Land will be allotted by Revenue department on the recommendation of collector.

Bikaner. Land acquisition procedure has already been initiated by RSDCL.

• Land allocation process to SPDs:

Expression of interest shall be invited from prospective solar power producers and
their views sought on bidding documents. Prebid conference will be held with
prospective bidders. Bidding documents shall be finalised considering their response
and bidder may be selected on one or more of the following basis:

(a) First come first served basis with preference to central or state Govt
undertakings, or

(b) Competitive bidding with selection based on criteria specified in bid documents.

Before the call of bids, it can be allocated to Central / State PSUs which may
evince interest.

• Google image with the boundaries

Annexed with the DPR.

• AutoCAD or technical drawing with the topography

Annexed with the DPR.

4.2 SOLAR IRRADIATION AND WEATHER DATA

• Solar irradiation:

The State of Rajasthan is blessed with geographical advantage of receiving maximum

solar radiations intensity with very low average rainfall and availability of wastelands
in abundance. There is no met station near the site of Solar Park. There is no Solar
radiation resource assessment centre around 10 kms of the proposed solar Include
average monthly GHI from the nearest met station or the MNRE network of SRRA
stations. *The Global Horizontal Insolation (GHI) and Direct Normal Insolation (DNI)

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

in kwh/day/meter2 for the latitude and longitudinal applicable to Solar Park site, as per
NREL data (average for 108.66 [Link] area) is as under:

Soorasar Bhanawatwala

Latitude 28.339394 28.345388

Longitude 72.916099 72.98017

Latitude Rounded 28.35 28.35

Longitude Rounded 72.90 73.00

GRIDCODE 72952835 72952835 73052835 73052835

LONG 72.95 72.9500 73.05 73.0500

LAT 28.35 28.3500 28.35 28.3500

SQKM 108.66 101.3789 108.66 101.3789

DNI GHI DNI GHI

JanDNI 4.93 3.9474 4.91 3.9460

FebDNI 5.52 4.8749 5.45 4.8417

MarDNI 5.98 6.1101 5.92 6.0930

AprDNI 5.28 6.7419 5.26 6.7360

MayDNI 6.20 7.4156 6.15 7.3946

JunDNI 5.38 7.0299 5.30 6.9871

JulDNI 4.72 6.6060 4.87 6.6399

AugDNI 4.65 6.2186 4.85 6.2729

SepDNI 5.46 5.9934 5.51 5.9949

OctDNI 5.90 5.3784 5.91 5.3880

NovDNI 5.44 4.3654 5.40 4.3561

DecDNI 4.57 3.6477 4.56 3.6464

AnnDNI 5.33 5.6966 5.34 5.6942

Source: [Link]

*The monthly Global Horizontal Insolation (GHI) and monthly Direct Normal Insolation
(DNI) is as under in kWh/m2.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Table 4-5: Average GHI AND DHI (2017 to 2019)

Solar GHI Data Solar DNI Data

LONG 72.9 LONG 72.9

LAT 28.33 LAT 28.33

Jan GHI 152.9198 Jan DNI 187.7505

Feb GHI 195.7029 Feb DNI 210.001

Mar GHI 243.5323 Mar DNI 226.3535

Apr GHI 277.8052 Apr DNI 199.5574

May GHI 285.7545 May DNI 142.1194

Jun GHI 276.7328 Jun DNI 158.3426

Jul GHI 253.5381 Jul DNI 138.8351

Aug GHI 241.5941 Aug DNI 147.6985

Sep GHI 240.1639 Sep DNI 203.3653

Oct GHI 218.5367 Oct DNI 224.6161

Nov GHI 163.4667 Nov DNI 181.4704

Dec GHI 149.5372 Dec DNI 210.9829

Annual GHI 5.84379980469 Annual DNI 5.75629980469

2699.284 2231.093

Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Ref: [Link]

• Other Metrological Data:

Solar Park site is situated in Thar desert in western part of Rajasthan. Bikaner is one
of the major cities in thar desert and a district head quarter. Bikaner district, which
have ten tehsils namely Bikaner, Kolayat, Nokha, Sri Dungargarh, Loonkaransar,
Khajuwala, Pugal, Bajju Khalsa, Mahajan and Chhatargarh. Solar Park site is situated
in Pugal tehsil of Bikaner district.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Metrological data is available for Bikaner city or Bikaner district or Pugal tehsil. Solar
Park site will not have significantly different climatic conditions. Bikaner is located in
the middle of the Thar desert; it has an extremely hot and arid climate. In the summers,
the temperature of the region goes beyond 45°C and in winters, it dips down below
0°C. The average annual temperature is 26.9 °C | 80.4 °F in Bikaner. The rainfall is
around 229 mm | 9.0 inch per year.

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Figure 4-1: Rainfall by Month Bikaner

Climate Graph (1991-2021)

Figure 4-2: Average Temperature Bikaner

Average Temperature Graph (1991-2021)

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Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Figure 4-3: Humidity

Data: 1991 - 2021 Min. Temperature °C (°F), Max. Temperature °C (°F), Precipitation /
Rainfall mm (in), Humidity, Rainy days. Data: 1999 - 2019: avg. Sun hours in Table

Figure 4-4: Hours of Sunshine in Bikaner

1999 - 2019: avg. Sun hours Graph

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• Ambient Temperature, Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Humidity and Rainfall

The average wind speed in Soorasar and Bhanawatwala is 2.26643 m/s from 2017-
19.

Table 4-6: Average Wind Speed/Direction Up to the Year 2017-2019

LONG 72.9
LAT 28.33
Year Wind Speed (m/s) Wind Direction (Degree, from north)
Jan 1.712052 151.5049o (S/SE)
Feb 1.920238 165.1379o (S/SE)
Mar 1.992339 168.3356o (S)
Apr 2.369907 196.8468o (S)
May 2.509453 212.2793o (S/SW)
Jun 3.361806 213.1615o (S/SW)
Jul 3.355197 186.0368o (S)
Aug 3.102912 195.573o (S)
Sep 2.234028 193.3602o (S)
Oct 1.462769 183.8728o (S)
Nov 1.614676 162.2958o (S/SE)
Dec 1.561828 128.6779o (E/SE)

Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

Ref: [Link]

• Sand Dunes:

The sand dunes are the most spectacular features of the hot Indian arid region. Most
of the land of Pugal tehsil, and so the solar park, is covered in the sand dunes.
Generally sand dunes have different shape, size and magnitude and their intensity of
occurrence increases from east to west. Sand dune, accumulation of sand grains
shaped into a mound or ridge by the wind under the influence of gravity, is
characteristics of the area. The stabilized sand dunes due to intense biotic activities
are disturbed and the sands from these dunes are transported by prevailing southwest
winds and are deposited on the adjoining cultivated fields which affect the production
of food.

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4.3 ANNUAL ENERGY YIELD ASSESMENT

4.3.1 Simulation using PV Software

There is no Solar Radiation Resource Assessment (SRRA) centre around 10 kms of

the proposed Solar Park. The Global horizontal insolation (GHI) and Direct Normal
Insolation (DNI) in kwh/day/meter2 for the latitude and longitudinal applicable to Solar
Park site, as per NREL data has been considered. Usually, orientation of array of
modules is considered east-west with module facing south with tilt angle of 23 degrees
(approx. 5 degrees less than latitude). Annual generation / MW of A.C. has been
estimated considering tilt angle of 23 degree, installed capacity with 350-Watt PV
module, A.C. to D.C ratio of 1.35 and performance ratio of 80% at site based on
software on DNI and GHI mentioned above for Soorasar. Estimated monthly
generation per MW is as per table and graph below:

Table 4-7: Estimated monthly generation per MW

Month Generation /MW (A.C.)
Jan 137333
Feb 148695
Mar 195203
Apr 190386
May 213920
Jun 187138
Jul 179981
Aug 177023
Sep 180028
Oct 179675
Nov 147366
Dec 126552

gen
250000

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

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4.3.2 Orientation and tilt angle of solar PV modules

Usually tilt angle is latitude less up to 5 degrees, so considering this, the preferable tilt
angle is considered 23 degrees. Orientation of array of modules is considered east-
west with module facing south with tilt angle of 23 degrees (approx. 5 deg less than
latitude).

4.3.3 Capacity Utilization Factor (CUF)

With annual generation of 2063300 kwh/MW, CUF will be 23.55%. It is stated that
generation is unaffected by solar module wattage as number of modules installed per
MW vary inversely to module wattage, Generation is directly proportional to D.C to
A.C ratio except where it is too high resulting in crossing inverter capacity. For D.C to
A.C. ratio of 1.25 (corresponding to Performance Ratio (PR) of 80%. CUF is estimated
as 21.81%.

4.3.4 Annual degradation:

Annual degradation in solar generation will be mainly governed by the characteristics

of solar module so it is not considered=. It will be high during first year of operation.

4.4 LAND ASSESSMENT

4.4.1 GEOTECHNICAL ASSESSMENT OF SITE

The objectives of Geotechnical Survey were to assess soil profile of the site as well
as to find out electrical resistivity of the soil. Geotechnical investigation includes
surface & subsurface exploration, soil sampling, and laboratory analysis. Geotechnical
investigations have substantial importance in assessing requirement of foundation to
be laid down preventing human and material damage due to the earthquakes,
foundation cracks, and other catastrophes.

Soil resistivity is a measure of how much the soil resists the flow of electricity. It is a
critical factor in design of systems that rely on passing current through the Earth's
surface. An understanding of the soil resistivity and how it varies with depth in the soil
is necessary to design the grounding system in an electrical substation, or for lightning
conductors. It is needed for design of grounding (earthing) electrodes for substations
and High-voltage direct current transmission systems.

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To attain the desired objectives, there were 88 boreholes/trial pits were drilled to
assess the soil profile while 22 pits were drilled to assess electrical resistivity of the
soil.

a. Borehole Investigation:

The Boreholes in soil were progressed as per IS: 1892 and methodology. Boring was
advanced at selected / specified borehole locations. The following steps / precautions
were adopted during boring operations:

(i) Underground utilities were checked by manual auger boring up to 6.00 m.

(ii) Drilling bore holes of size 150 mm/Nx size using manual auger boring up to
6.00 m, collecting necessary disturbed and undisturbed samples wherever
strata changes.

(iii) Standard penetration test was conducted in the bore holes at regular intervals
of 1.5 m or at every change of strata, whichever is earlier as per IS 2131-1981.

(iv) Disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected at different depths/

wherever strata changes as per IS 1892-1979.

(v) Disturbed samples recovered were sealed in polythene labelled and sent to the
laboratory for laboratory test.

b. Standard Penetration Test:

Standard Penetration Test (SPT) was conducted as per IS: 2131 – 1981. SPT split
spoon sampler of standard dimensions was driven into the soil from the borehole
bottom using 63.5 kg hammer falling from 75 cm height. The SPT weight was
mechanically lifted to the specified height and allowed to fall freely on the anvil with
the use of cat-head winch with one to one and half turn of the drum. Blow counts for
the penetration of every 15 cm were recorded and the N is reported as the blow counts
for 30 cm penetration of the sampler leaving the first 15 cm penetration as seating
drive.

When the number of blows exceeded 50 to penetrate the first or second 15 cm length
of the sampler, the SPT N is regarded as more than 100 as described in IS : 2131 -
1981. The test is terminated in such case and a record of penetration of the sampler

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under 50 blows or more is made. SPT refusal is recorded when there is no penetration
of the sampler at any stage and also when a rebound of the sounding system is
recorded.

c. Disturbed Sampling (Soil) in Bore Holes:

In all boreholes, disturbed soil samples were taken at every 1.5 m interval and at
significant change of stratum (or as per specified). Soil from cutting edge of
undisturbed samplers and from split spoon sampler used for standard penetration
tests was taken as disturbed samples. These samples were placed without delay in
adequately sealed polythene bags.

d. Undisturbed Sampling (Soil) in Bore Holes:

Undisturbed sampling was done in accordance with IS: 2132 – 1986. Undisturbed soil
samples (UDS) were obtained at every 3.0 m interval as per approved methodology
and sampling schedule. Undisturbed samples were collected using 100mm dia. and
450mm long MS tubes with Area ratio as specified in BIS provided with sampler head
with ball check arrangement, before taking any sample tubes were properly greased.
Immediately after taking an undisturbed sample in a tube, the adopter head was
removed along with the disturbed material. The visible ends of the sample shall each
be trimmed off any wet disturbed soil. The ends will then be coated alternately with
four layers of just molten wax. More molten wax will then be added to give a total
thickness of not less than 25 mm.

Undisturbed samples were collected by light hammering, all precautions were taken
to prevent disturbance in transport also. If in laboratory, density is not found in order
in comparison of N values, that sample was treated as disturbed sample, and tests
were conducted on remoulded samples and recorded in laboratory data sheet as
UDS/DS. Collection of undisturbed samples in hard cohesive soils / dense granular
soils / gravels / cobbles / pebbles / boulders, refusal strata is practically not possible
and such collected samples will not truly represent the undisturbed conditions.

e. Laboratory Testing:

Laboratory tests were carried out in accordance with the procedures described in the
relevant Indian Standard Codes (IS: 2720) of practiced.

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f. Recommendation and Conclusion:

Soil strata in all 88 bore holes is almost same soil is classified as fine sand (of SM-SP
group).

(i) In all 88 bore holes soil containing minimum 2 to 6% silt and minimum 94 to
98% sand.

(ii) Soil up to 6.00 m is non-plastic and cohesion less.

(iii) No rock is encountered up to 6.00 m depth.

(iv) Water table is not intersected up to 6.00 m depth.

g. Electrical Resistivity Investigation:

Electrical resistivity test was conducted as per IS 3043: 2018 at five locations by
Wenner four pin electrode configurations. The testing equipment passes a small, low
frequency AC current, of known value, through the ground via two current electrodes
(C1 and C2) and measures the potential difference between two additional voltage
electrodes (P1 and P2) at intermediate points.

The test is conducted by driving the four electrodes into the ground approximately
100mm to 200mm deep, in a line, such that the electrodes are symmetrical and equally
spaced. The soil resistivity measurements were recorded from the meter when the
readings stabilize in North- South direction and East-West direction. The depth of
influence on the test result is approximately 1/3 of the distance between C1 and C2.
Tests are conducted in two directions, and at different electrode spacing to provide
results applicable to a range of depths. This procedure may be standardized by taking
a set of reading at approximate pin spacing’s of 0.5, 5.0, 10, 15, 20 m. From the values
obtained at field, the resistivity of the soil is calculated as follows.

Soil Resistivity, Ω = 2π.S.R

Where,

R = measured resistance between voltage electrodes,

S = electrode spacing

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Range of soil Resistivity (ohm-m) Soil classification

Less than 25 Severely corrosive

25-50 Moderately corrosive

50-100 Mildly corrosive

Above 100 Very mild corrosive

ERT Test Pit Soil Classification Mean Resistivity Ω m

1 Very mild corrosive 347.1

2 Very mild corrosive 411.27

3 Very mild corrosive 328.01

4 Very mild corrosive 347.34

5 Very mild corrosive 296.98

6 Very mild corrosive 398.46

7 Very mild corrosive 333.46

8 Very mild corrosive 325.03

9 Very mild corrosive 358.58

10 Very mild corrosive 465.2

11 Very mild corrosive 361.78

12 Very mild corrosive 403.05

13 Very mild corrosive 352.54

14 Very mild corrosive 357.56

15 Very mild corrosive 335.19

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ERT Test Pit Soil Classification Mean Resistivity Ω m

16 Very mild corrosive 279.82

17 Very mild corrosive 406.45

18 Very mild corrosive 341.02

19 Very mild corrosive 310.21

20 Very mild corrosive 291.96

21 Very mild corrosive 340.85

22 Very mild corrosive 408.2

From the above table it is observed that at all the places the soil is very mild corrosive
and the soils’ resistivity varies from 279.82 Ohm meters to 465.2 Ohm meters.

4.4.2 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY:

Topographic Survey is used to identify and map the contours of the ground and
existing features on the surface of the earth or slightly above the earth's surface (i.e.
trees, buildings, streets, walkways, utility poles, retaining walls, etc.). Generally, the
purpose of topographic survey is to prepare a base map of the proposed site showing
perimeter boundary for the design of buildings/colonies/roads/highways/ plants/sub-
stations etc.

RSDCL procured khasra list of government land available in village Soorasar &
Bhanawatawala, tehsil Pugal, district Bikaner from Revenue Department, Government
of Rajasthan which is duly signed & stamped by the concerned officials. Copy of the
list was provided for the survey purpose. Khasra Map sheets were received from the
Collectorate office, Bikaner.

Total 114 government khasra land parcels surveyed out of which 29 parcels are from
village Soorasar and 85 parcels are from village Bhanawatawala. List of these 114
government land parcels is annexed with the DPR.

For carrying-out topographic survey of the proposed site, total area was divided into
50 x 50 m grid. At each grid point reading for ground level above means sea level
(MSL) was taken from Total Station and DGPS instruments. Also, locations of over-
ground features like approach road, BT road, WBM road, kachcha road, electrical
lines, sub-stations, canal etc. were noted. While carrying-out topographic survey 16

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temporary benchmarks (TBMs) points were also generated on some permanent

features like roadside milestone, on canal boundary wall, on water tanks etc. Based
on the survey, the site map was drawn and contours using Auto Plotter software were
generated at 1 meter interval.

Based on the survey it has been observed that the site has undulations. Land is
sloping form North-East to South-West side. Highest level of 196.74 meters above
MSL in North-East and lowest of 161.36 meters above MSL. The site has undulation
and has higher undulation (sand dunes).

Map outputs of the Topographic Survey are enclosed with the DPR.

4.4.3 HYDROLOGICAL STUDY

• Water requirements for the park:

Total Raw Water Requirement of Soorasar Solar Park (with recycling) is worked out
to be 893.20 cu.m./day (say 900 KLD or cu.m.).

Status of Ground Water Table, as inquired from local residents, is Approx. 400 ft and
is saline water not suitable for module cleaning. No information or data about ground
water in Pugal tehsil. From various secondary data sources, it found out that in
Lakhusar, about 27.66 km from Soorasar, where there was a ground water at average
level (for last ten years) of 43.26 m below ground level.

Indira Gandhi canal is about kms from Solar Park site and is the nearest source of
water. A total of 450 cusec water has been allocated to power sector by the Indira
Gandhi Nahar Board, out of which 58 cusec water is reserved for solar power plants.
Only a small portion of this has so far been utilised. It is planned that water pipeline to
be laid along the road from IGNP Main Canal to Soorasar:

(a) Drinking water supply to employees and staff working in solar park

(b) Washing the PV modules

(c) Green belt development

(d) Drinking water supply to surrounding villages (if required)

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4.4.4 LAND PREPARATION

Based on the topographic survey it has been observed that the site has undulations.
Land is sloping form North-East to South-West side. Highest level of 196.74 meters
above MSL in North-East and lowest of 161.36 meters above MSL. The site has
undulation and has higher undulation (sand dunes).

Levelling of land for the internal roads has been considered as Road Width plus 1
meter on either side of carriage. Besides this, levelling of land 132 kV and main 400
kV PPS will be caried out by the RSDCL as SPPD. Levelling for solar plots will be
carried out by respective SPDs.

SPPD will only provide internal/external boundary pillars for demarcating Solar Plots
and Solar Park Boundaries. SPPD will construct boundary walls for common
infrastructures such as water supply station and EHV substation (PPSs) whereas
boundary wall of Solar Plots is in the scope of respective SPDs.

Green belt has been planned along with all the internal roads, transmission lines, in
PPS & water infra campuses and at office & residential colony premises.

4.5 INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENTS

4.5.1 Electrical Infrastructure:

Park pooling stations will be of 132 kV. Transmission of power from solar power station
to 132 kV Park Pooling substation is envisaged by 33 kV cables or 33kV double circuit
overhead lines to be laid by [Link] 33 kV bay is considered for 25 MW capacity.
Plots adjacent to park pooling station are conceived to transmit power by 33 kV cables
and those not adjacent to 132 kV park pooling substation may have option of cable or
overhead line.

132 / 33 kV transformation capacity is considered as 3x100 MVA=300 MVA for PPS-

3 and PPS-2 and 6x100 MVA=600 MVA for PPS-1. Switching bus arrangement for 33
kV and 132 kV is considered as main and transfer bus bar with bus sectionalisers and
bus couplers to have reliability.

Nos of 132 kV park pooling substations will be three. None will be embedded in main
400 kV substation. 132 kV park pooling substations will be connected with 400 kV
substation using internal 132 kV lines as per block diagram placed at annexure.

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Main 400 kV substation has been conceived to have 4x315 MVA transformation
capacity with capability to have 10% continuous overload for 8 hours in a day and
power evacuation to Power Grid’s 400 kV substation will be by 400 kV twin Al-
59(‘Moose’ eq. 61/3.31 mm) double circuit line. 125 MVAr bus reactor has been
considered from system considerations although 400 kV line is very short. However,
if connectivity approval requires other capacity, it can be provided in the space
provided in the substation layout but capital cost of solar park will undergo change.
Substation layout also provides for spare transformer. 1.5 breaker switching scheme
has been considered.

Electrically the interconnections are as under:

1 132 kV line between PPS-1 to Main 400 kV SS 3 circuits

2 132 kV line between PPS-3 to Main 400 kV SS 1 circuit

3 132 kV line between PPS-1 to PPS-3 1 circuit

4 132 kV line between PPS-2 to 400 kV substation 2 circuits

However, to optimise corridor double and 4 circuit 132 kV lines will be laid with inter-
connections as under:

1 132 kV Four circuit* line Circuit -1 to 3 Connected to Interconnections

between Main PPS and PPS-1 PPS-1 vide [Link] 1 above
*can be 2 no. double circuit line
Circuit-4 LILO to PPS-3 Part of [Link].3
At 20 m distane.
above

2 132 kV double circuit line S. No.4 above

between Main PPS and PPS-2

Considering normal power transfer from PPS – 1 and PPS – 3 and load flow per circuit
under outage conditions, 132 kV line with Twin AL-59 (Zebra eq.) bundle conductor
have been considered.

Allotted land for Soorasar solar park is having private khasras which divides it into
three pieces of land. Line route of 132 kV lines have been considered with crossing of
these khasras at point of minimum separation preferably with no tower in private land.

4.5.1A Conductor Selection:

Conductor selection based on the Central Electricity Authority New Delhi’s Manual On
Transmission Planning Criteria (March 2023) has been detailed at ‘A’ above.

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Internal 132 kV lines are of short lengths and can be loaded exceeding the loading as
given in above table as (i) peak load coincident with peak temperature of 50 deg. will
occur only for short duration of 2-3 hours in a day, (ii)such peak load too occurs during
few days in a year and (iii) for non-sun shine hours conductor is at ambient
temperature. Thus, with such overloading also annealing of conductor is lower than
normal power transmission lines. As such 132 kV line with twin AL-59 (zebra eq.)
conductor could be loaded in excess of 337 MW per circuit.

A. 132 kV transmission line Tower:

132 kV (four circuit or double circuit) transmission line with twin bundle conductor at
95 deg. C has not been used in Rajasthan. So bidders for 132 kV line will be given
option to design and test line towers or use tested tower after satisfying RSDCL their
suitability from loading and sag considerations.

B. Corridors for Transmission Lines in Solar Park:

This has been detailed at ‘C’ above. corridor will be provided as per table 4.4 . i.e. for
north direction line it will be 50 meters (on eastern and western side of line) from centre
line of 132 kV double circuit line and 70 meters for 132 kV quadruple circuit line. For
east-west direction lines, it will be 50 meter and 70 meters on northern side from
centreline of the line only. The line route will be aligned to boundary of the solar park
so that corridor will be required to be provided on one side only. Out of this, corridor
up to that specified for laying transmission lines in forest can be utilised to provide
cable trenches, underground cables and underground water pipelines as falling of line
will not affect them. Rest of the corridor can be utilised to provide other transmission
line (with similar corridor) and beyond any transmission line for laying road. Higher
voltage transmission lines are to be laid at the boundary of the solar park and then
lower (or the same ) voltage lines to be laid with forest corridor between two as
indicated above. Where laying at boundary of park is not feasible, transmission line is
to be laid on the side requiring least corridor distance from solar plot’s boundary. No
tree is to be planted in strip of 3 meters from phase conductor to facilitate maintenance.
Greenery can be provided in the corridor beyond this strip but top of trees in the
corridor are to be pruned so that its top is having electrical clearance as per reg 58 of
the Central Electricity Authority (Measures relating to Safety and Electric Supply)
Regulations, 2010 from live conductor considering maximum sag of the conductor. If
maximum sag details are not known, then Trees / bushes to be pruned to height of

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truck i.e.10.5 feet. Shadow corridor for 33 kV and lower voltage lines are not relevant
as shadow cast by boundary of solar plots may match or longer than it.

EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUCTURE:

The external transmission has been detailed above. 400 kV double circuit line will be
with with Al-59 (‘Moose eq,- 61/3.31 mm) conductor. Its current rating is 852 Amps at
95 deg C conductor temperature (vide table above). This conductor is selected to have
N-1 probability, so that 400 kV single circuit can cater full generation of solar park.

4.5.1A. CONSTRUCTION POWER SUPPLY

Above Electrical infrastructure may not be ready during the construction phase of
SPDs. For effecting electricity supply to solar plots, SPPD will create 33 kV
transmission line from 132 kV Soorasar substation to its PPS-1 to 3 and Main
substation, to have a temporary 500 kVA 33/0.4 kV substation at each PPS through
deposit work with distribution licensee, viz, Jodhpur Vidhyut Vitran Nigam Limited
(JdVVNL). JdVVNL on application made by SPD will provide electricity supply to them
from these substations. Estimated cost of works have been considered in capital cost.

[Link] CONTROL INFRASTRUCTURE

Telecommunication has been considered under common facilities. Metering and

connectivity arrangements shall be provided by SPD as per CEA guidelines.

Metering: Relevant regulations for metering is the Central Electricity Authority

(Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006. As per its reg. 2(1)(n) and
6(1)(a), interface Meter will be required for accounting and billing of electricity and will
be connected at the point of interconnection between electrical systems of generating
company to the Inter-State Transmission System or Intra-State Transmission System
or Distribution System for open access and all interface meters installed at the points
of interconnection with Inter-State Transmission System (ISTS) for the purpose of
electricity accounting and billing shall be owned by Central Transmission Utility.
However, as solar park will have interconnection with inter-state transmission system
through two circuits of 400 kV line, Metering at CTU/PGCIL’s substation will be for
injection / drawal for park as a whole. Solar park will have one or more power
producers at each PPS, for accounting their injection / drawal, two sets of CT and
PTs have been considered to be provided at PPS. One at PPS on each 33 kV feeder

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from solar plots and other at sending ends of each 400 kV lines from solar park to
Power Grid’s 765 kV Bikaner -III substation, planned to be established at Lakhusar
(Chattargarh). Former for accounting of injection /drawal. Metering at 765 kV
substation will be provided by CTU as per regulations. Supply of solar power by solar
plot will be based on the meter readings at PPSs with losses accounted for as per
difference in meter readings at ISTS and at PPS (33kV). Estimated costs of meters at
PPSs have been considered in capital cost. Meters at these PPSs can be used for
main and check meter or stand by meters as per Power supply agreement.

4.5.2 ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE

Internal roads have been considered as of 9 m (3.75-meter BT top + 1.0 m strip on

either side). Internal roads have been considered along the shadow corridor of 132 kV
lines and wherever required along boundary of solar plots such that each plot is
provided with road path to approach road. Along with all the roads gravel shoulder of
1m wide at both the sides will be provided and both the sides of all roads will have
kachcha drains, brick masonry trenches for water pipelines and electrical cables.

For solar plot adjacent to EHV SS, 1.0-meter space along the road has been
considered for 33 kV cable trench and 0.5 meter for drains and for solar plot not
adjacent to EHV SS, 3.0 m space has been considered for 33 kV d/c overhead line
(drainage and cable trench, if required will be below 33 kV line).

RSDCL has consented to district collector, Bikaner to provide 30 feet pathway to

private khasras in solar park. Wherever, approach to private khasras is not provided
by internal roads, 30 feet pathway has been considered.

Levelling of land for the internal roads has been considered as 1 meter on either side.
Besides this, levelling of land 132 kV and main 400 kV PPS will be caried out by the
RSDCL as SPPD. Levelling of land used for water infrastructure will be done, if
required.

Sriganganagar-Attarbad–Pugal-Bap Road (included in Bharatmala project) passing

through the Solar Park. This will be approach road to the park. Street lighting will be
provided along all internal roads

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WATER INFRASTRUCTURES

Some aspects of water infrastructures are discussed in para 4.4.3 above. Water
Infrastructure has been design considered capacity of Solar Park as 1000 MW. The
total quantum of water to be made available has been estimated on the following
criteria:

(i) Based on past experience, the quantum of water required to wash a module is
considered to be 2.5 litres per m2 of Module surface per washing with total 12
washings in a year. During intervening period it will be dry cleaning.

(ii) Washing Water requirement is calculated as above, but it will be supplied on a

regular basis through appropriate number of connections. Solar Power
Developer will construct water storage of appropriate size for periodic washing
of solar modules.

(iii) SPD for their respective plots would construct Storage for raw water
requirement for module washing and will also construct drainage system for
wastewater to be collected in another wastewater storage reservoir. This
wastewater shall be pumped again into the main raw water reservoir from
where it shall reach Water Treatment Plant for cleaning. It has been assumed
that approx. 50% - 70% of water shall be recycled and pumped back to RWR.

(iv) For drinking water, sanitations etc, the quantum of water required is considered
70 litres per person per day.

Number of modules required is determined considering 320 watts modules and ratio
of D.C. module capacity to A.C. output to be 1.35. Number of modules required per
MW of A.C. output will be 4218. Each module is of about 2 sq. meters surface area so
water required per MW will be 21093.75 litres /MW.

So, for 1 washing of 1000 MW, 21093.75 KL water will be required. For 12 washings,
253125 KL water shall be required. Assuming 50% water to be recycled, total water
requirement for cleaning will be 126562.50 KL. If holidays and other break down period
is accounted for, 25 days interval to be considered for consecutive washing, clear
water required for 12 washings of Modules 153984.39 KL. Thus, clear water required
on daily basis for washing of Modules shall be 421.9 KLD.

Number of personnel employed is considered as 0.5 per MW with average 1 additional

family member and 1 child, it would be 1.25 person / MW. With water requirement will

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be 70 litres / person/ day, water required will be 87500 litres / day or 87.5 cu.m. per
day.

Based on the above, present clear water requirement for Solar Park will be 509.38
Cu.m./day. Additional capacity required for future needs+ drinking water supply in
enroute villages under CSR activities @ 20% will be additional 101.88 Cu.m./day. 15%
additional clear water losses through pipeline and 3% filtration losses through filter
plant i.e. 130.11 cu.m./day. Additionally, 151.84 cu.m./day after including 13%
evaporation losses & 4% reservoir losses in RWRs. Total raw water requirement (with
recycling) comes out to be 893.20 cu.m./day (say 900 KLD or cu.m.).

Additional pumping of 20% is considered for filling emptied storage tank during 30
days canal closure. Thus, system design for present and future raw water requirement
is 1071.84 cu. meters /day as per below table:

Table 4-8: Water Requirement for Soorasar Solar Park

S. No. Particular Value Unit

A Requirement of Water for Washing of Modules

1 Requirement of water per module 2.5 litre/sqm

2 Area of each module 2 sqm

3 Total washing in a year 12 Nos.

4 No. of modules required per MW 4218.75 nos.

5 Requirement of water per MW for one washing (2 x 4) 21093.75 litres

6 Water Demand for 1 washing of 1000 MW (5 x 1000) 21093.75 KL

Total Water requirement for 12 washings in a year (3 x

7 253125.00 KL
6)

Assuming 50% water will be recycled, total water

8 126562.50 KL
requirement for cleaning will be (50% of 7)

If holidays and other break down period is accounted for,

25 days interval to be considered for consecutive
9 153984.39 KL
washing, clear water required on daily basis for 12
washings of Modules (8 x 30.42 / 25)

As 12 washings are required in a year, therefore after an

interval of 30.42 days, quantity of water for one washing
shall be required. Quantity of water required for one
10 421.9 KLD
washing shall have to be collected in RWR in 30.42 days
to meet the requirement. Thus, clear water required on
daily basis for washing of Modules (9 / 365)

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S. No. Particular Value Unit

Sub-total for Clear Water Requirement on Daily

11 421.9 KLD
Basis for Washing of Modules (10)

B Water Requirement for Drinking Purpose

1 No. of personnel to be employed per MW 0.5 person

Additional on an average 1 member and 1 child i.e.1.5

2 1.5 persons
persons per MW (as per DPR)

3 Total persons per MW (0.5+0.5*1.5) 1.25 P/MW

4 Water requirement per person 70 lpcd

5 Total Water Requirement for Drinking Purpose 87.5 KLD

C Sub-total Clear Water Requirement (A+B) 509.38 KLD

Extra Capacity Required for Future + Drinking Water

D Supply to En-route Villages, under CSR Activities, If 101.88 KLD
Required (20% of C)

E Sub-total Clear Water Requirement (C+D) 611.3 KLD

Total Clear Water Requirement including 15%

F 719.12 KLD
Losses Through Pipe Network (E + 15% of E)

Raw Water Requirement for WTP after including 3%

G 741 KLD
Filtration Loss (F + 3% of F)

Total Raw Water Requirement from IGNP Canal After 893.20

H including 13% Evaporation Losses & 4% Reservoir KLD
Losses in RWRs (G + 17% of G) (say 900)

Pumping capacity with 20 hours pumping / day has been considered as 0.44
cusecs. However, if 24 hours pumping /day is considered then requirement comes
as 0.365 cusecs.

Water supply works have been considered in three parts as under:

Part-I: Raw Water Requirement:

Raw water supply from Indira Gandhi Nahar near Pugal (RD 682) to Raw
water tanks of the Park. It consists of pumping station RWPS-1 near RD 682.

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Pipeline from RWPS-1 at RD 682 to Soorasar and Raw water tanks with total
30 days storage to affect supply during canal closure has been considered.
Two equal size tanks will be provided so that their maintenance can be done
without any interruption in water supply. The particulars of the raw water
system are as under:

(a) Raw water requirement for solar plant – 1071.84 m3/day

(b) Raw water pipeline size - 200 mm OD PVC-O Pipe (ID 189.1 mm)

(c) Length of pipeline – 14.4 kms

(d) Nos. of air valves 14 & sluice valves 4.

(i) RWPS-1 at Intake level – 173.0 m.s.l

(ii) Solar Park raw water reservoir (RWR) level –172.9 m.s.l.

(iii) Terminal head and station losses– 2 meters

(iv) Total head – 25.4 meters (say 27 m)

(e) Pump efficiency – 70%

(f) Pumping hours - 20

(g) Raw Water Pump - rating at Intake at RWPS-1 7.5 KW (1 working + 1

standby) and at Soorasar 1.5 KW Minimum (1 working + 1 standby).

(h) Pump head required = 2.7 kg/[Link] (suggested 10.0 kg/[Link])

(i) Pipelines: 200 mm dia PVC-O pipe (ID 189.1 mm) Main pipeline from Intake
at RD 682 to raw water storage cum treatment plant

Two Raw Water Reservoirs (RWR)/storage tanks will be there for storage of
13.40 ML (combined capacity) of raw water. Each raw water storage tanks
will be trapezoidal with side slope of 2:1, depth 7.00 meters (=free board level
above Finished surface level (FSL) + 5.0-meter full water depth and 0.5-meter
dead storage) and Length to width ratio of 2.0. Both tanks will have overall
land requirement of 160 x 170 meters. Area for RWRs, pumping station,
office, overhead tank etc will be around 6 hectares.

Water Treatment Plant of 0.72 MLD capacity has been planned to treat the
raw water. Treated water will be stored in Clear Water Reservoirs (CWRs).

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Part II: Clear Water Requirement:

Clear water supply in solar park is conceived to be of:

(a) One Clear Water Reservoir (CWR)/storage tanks will be constructed by SPDs
for storage of 200 KL treated/clear water. CWR will be of 2 hours capacity
near raw water storage tanks with each reservoir of dia 7.98 meters with four
meters depth (Underground CWR shall be constructed to take water from
WTP).

(b) One Overhead Storage Reservoir (OHSR) / tanks of 20 meters height will be
there to store 800 KL treated water for supplying to Solar Plots, PPSs and
offices. The OHSR shall be near raw water storage tanks or at any
appropriate location to be considered by project authorities.

(c) Pumping head 29.4 (say 31) meters as under:

(i) Lower water level of RWR- 170.5 m.s.l.

(ii) Top water level of OHSR – 204.46 m.s.l.

(iii) Terminal head and friction loss – 2 meters

(d) Pump efficiency 70%

(e) Pump rating- 7.5 kW (1 Working + 1 Standby)

(f) Hours of operation – 20.

(g) Pipelines:

(i) 160 mm dia PVC-O pipeline from raw water storage cum treatment
plant towards OHSRs in Solar Park

(ii) Branch pipelines of HDPE pipe of 90-180 mm from main pipeline

Part III: Recycled Water:

Recycled water from plots will be pumped back to Raw water storage (RWR).
It is conceived to be of:

(a) Water storage tank for collection of recycled water at each plot shall also be
constructed by SPDs for 75% capacity of the clear water tank, total of 210 KL
for all plots.

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(b) Pumps/motors to be installed by SPPD at each plot to pump recycled water

from storage to RWR

(c) Pipeline: PVC-O pipe of dia 110-160 mm to pump recycled water back to
RWR

(d) Hours of operation – 20 hours

4.5.3 Construction water supply:

Above water infrastructure may not be ready during the construction phase of
SPDs. SPPD will create a temporary 100000 litre capacity pond at main PPS, PPS-
2 and PPS-3 and 2x100000 litre capacity pond at or near PPS-1 and get it filled
through tankers. From these, SPD will make their arrangement to draw water for
construction phase. Water requirement will have daily and monthly variations and
considering this water filling requirement and its cost is based on average daily
supply by 3 tanker of 3000 litres capacity to each pond.

4.5.4 GREEN BELT

The main objectives of the green belt plantation are:

(i) To reduce the impact of erosion and stabilisation of sand dunes, as trees and
shrubs are known to be natural sink

(ii) To arrest soil erosion at the embankment slopes.

(iii) To decrease soiling

(iv) To provide aesthetic enhancement of the project

The selection of plant:

The selection of plant types and planting arrangements will be decided based on the
discussions with the Forest Department and following considerations:

(i) Aim and objective of plantation as above.

(ii) Shape (spread of trees) size to ensure no / little shadow falling on solar
modules.

(iii) Adaptability and suitability to agro-climatic reasons/zones.

(iv) Growth rate (slow/fast), average age of maturity and replacement cycle.

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(v) After care maintenance required for sustenance of growth

(vi) Drawback and demerits, if any, like prone to insects/pests disease, animal
grazing and human interference

Considerations of shadow and prevailing winds:

(i) Acacia tortilis (Babul), Acacia nilotica (kikar), Prosopis cineraria (khejri), Acacia
Senegal(kumatia), Azadirachta indica (neem) and Tecomella Undulata
(Rohira) can grow in desert climate. Grown to full height, they can cast shadow
on PV modules and affect solar power generation besides causing solar
modules heating. These cannot therefore be provided anywhere in solar park.
These can only be provided at the northern periphery of solar park or along
132 kV line corridor and Bharat mala highway. Out of above, trees which can
survive in climate and soil conditions of Soorasar, are to be planted at least 18
meters away from plot boundary and 5x5 meter spacing. These are to be
pruned to 10.5 feet height.

(ii) Cassia angustifolia (Sonamukhi or Senna), Cenchrus Ciliaris (Dhaman)

capparis decidua (Ker), Cordia Gharaf (Gwar) are shrubs which grows in arid
zones. Out of these, which can survive in Soorasar, will be planted 1-2 meters
away mainly on boundaries of solar park and solar plots and along interior
roads. It is to be sown to develop under canopy vegetation for effective control
of sand drift. Cassia angustifolia is a perennial shrub considered as the perfect
crop for restoring barren and infertile lands of dry region while the Cenchrus
Ciliaris is an important grass of the Indian dry zone and used as fodder. It will
be pruned, if grows above 1 meter height.

4.5.5 COMMON FACILITIES

o Road Light: Road lighting will be provided by SPPD. Lighting for water supply
stations, 132 kV and 400 kV substations, solar plots will be provided by SPPD
and thereafter operation and maintenance by respective executing agencies

o Access road to each plot: minimum 9.0-meter-wide road will be provided to each
solar plot. Such roads will not traverse through plot of another power developer.

o SRRA Station: Solar Radiation Resource Assessment station would be installed

by RSDCL as no such station is available within 10 km.

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o Drainage System: Solar Park is in the region of very low rain fall. A major part of
rain fall will be absorbed by sandy soil, and it will stabilise the soil. There is no
water course/ nala traversing through park. The drainage requirement will not
therefore be stringent, and it is proposed to provide small 1-1.5 x1.0 feet drains
along the road.

o Fencing: fencing is not proposed to be provided by SPPD. It shall be provided

by solar power producer for his plot, water supply station and EHV substation by
respective operator. SPPD will only provide pillars for demarcating solar plots
and solar park boundaries.

o Construction of common works: construction of administrative offices, their

security guard shelters and dormitory (in one of the PPS) for housing of SPPD
staff will be carried out by SPPD. Construction of office, Control room, security
guards shelters etc for substation, water supply stations and solar plots will be
done by respective operators who will also construct security guard shelters and
dormitories as per their requirement.

o Security: Security personnel for solar plot, water supply stations and electrical
substations etc will be provided by respective owner or his authorised operator.

o Telecommunication infrastructures: Telecommunication facility for transmission

of data and communications to / from RLDC / SLDC will be provided through
optical fibre communication /PLCC system at EHV substation along with Remote
Terminal Unit / data concentrator unit for solar power producers. Solar power
producers will be required to provide communication cable and terminal
equipment from their plot to EHV substation. RSDCL will take up with Power grid/
RVPN the feasibility of providing optical fibre communication to BSNL or other
on optical fibre on its lines and with BSNL or any other telecom operator to
examine the feasibility to provide audio and video communication facilities and
internet services to Soorasar solar park during construction phase and
thereafter. RSDCL shall provide requisite funds not exceeding Rs.75 lakhs for
establishing these.

o Solar insolation cum weather monitoring station: one such station will be
provided at each PP. Station will have the following instrumentation. Estimated
cost Estimated cost Rs.:4.5 lakhs each. Total Rs.18.0 lakhs:
(i) pyranometer – for measurement of GHI
(ii) pyrheliometer for measurement of DNI

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(iii) Oktameter for cloud cover measurement

(iv) anemometer – wind velocity measurement
(v) digital thermometer-for ambient temperature measurement
o Oil testing laboratory: one such laboratory will be provided for solar park at PPS-
2. It will have following equipment. Estimated cost Rs.22.5 lakhs.
(i) Oil breakdown value test kit
(ii) Tan delta measurement meter
(iii) Resistance measurement kit.
(iv) Dissolved gas analyser (gas chromatograph)
(v) Infrared thermometer /pyrometer – contact less temperature measurement
for terminals, busbars and bushing,
(vi) Meggar for insulation resistance measurement.
o CCTV surveillance: one CCTV surveillance unit (of eight wide view ultraviolet
cum infrared camera) at each PPS (total 4 nos.) and one CCTV surveillance (of
4 ultraviolet com infrared camera) will be provided for each check gate. (total 4
nos.) –estimated Rs.12.0 lakhs
o One check gate for entrance / exit of each PPS and entrance from public roads
to park road (total 8nos) – Rs.5.0lakhs
o Medical facilities: No medical facility will be provided by RSDCL.

o Waste disposal, storage and sewage treatment plant: Solid waste generated
from the pooling stations is proposed to be mitigated by providing adequate
number of garbage collection bins at prominent locations by SPPD, From which
it will be collected and stored at PPS-1. From which it will be collected by local
agencies under Swachh Bharat schemes. Within the solar plot, waste collection
and storage and disposal arrangement will be made by respective construction
and O&M agency

o Sewage disposal in desert is by septic tanks. Septic tank will be provided for this
for its employees and workers by each SPD in its plant and that for PPSs and
water infrastructure will be provided by SPPD. Each agency developing and
operating electrical, water and road infrastructure will provide septic tanks for
sewage disposal.

o Store for outdoor storage and 20x40 feet Warehouse for indoor will be
constructed by SPPD at PPS-1 for its own use for electrical, water
infrastructure, road infrastructures and greenery developments. The outdoor

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store and warehouses will also be available to SPD on payment basis during
construction stage and electronic waste during maintenance stage.
Electronic waste will be disposed off as per Govt. policy. SPD will be free
to create Stores and warehouse in the land allotted to him.

o Sewage disposal in desert is by septic tanks. Septic tank will be provided for
this for its employees and workers by each SPD in its plant and that for PPSs
and water infrastructure will be provided by SPPD.

4.6 CSR ACTIVITIES

The Company Rajasthan Solar Park Development Company Limited fall under ambit
of CSR Corporate social responsibility activities will be carried out as per RSDCL’s
CSR policy and activities identified by the committee constituted for it. Activities to be
carried-out utilising Community Development Fund (CDF) @1% of capital cost during
pre-commissioning period and budgetary provisions as per statutory requirement
during post commissioning period will be as per RSDCL’s Board may deem fit
prioritised based on socio-economic backwardness.

The broad activities may include for utilisation of CSF the followings:

(i) eradicating extreme hunger and poverty

(ii) promotion of education

(iii) promoting gender equality and empowering women

(iv) reducing child mortality and improving maternal health

(v) combating human immunodeficiency virus, acquired immune deficiency

syndrome, malaria and other diseases

(vi) ensuring environmental sustainability

(vii) employment enhancing vocational skills

(viii) social business projects

Till now the amount allocated and spent by the Company is as follows:

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Amount
Year Allocated (in Activity
Rs.)

Provided to the Local self-Department for application of

2017-18 10,19,688/- money under Annapurna Rasoi Yojna at Collectorate
Baran.

The amount was not spent in the year 2018-19 and same
2018-19 18,08,088/-
was carried forward in next year.

1) Provided to Rajasthan Medicare relief society for

purchase of Advance Otalogic Drill system.
2019-20 25,54,482/- 2) Contributed in CMRF COVID-19 for purchase of
Ventilators.
(Balance amount of 87,370 will be carried forward.)

Provided for roof replacement activity at Satellite Hospital

2020-21 18,27,596/-
Bikaner.

21,35,954/- Provided to RMRS for purchase of Oncology Van costing

2021-22 Rs. 1.25 Crore to be operative in Bikaner Area in joint
(say 21.36 lakh) Collaboration with RRECL (Holding Company of RSDCL)

2022-23 31.83 lakh -

A list of nearby villages around 10 km radius from the Proposed Soorasar Solar Power
for the reference is given below:

Table 4-9: Villages in 10 km Radius from Soorasar Solar Park for Reference

S. No. Village Name Aerial Distance (in Km.)

1 Bhanawatawala 7.04 km

2 Gogliwala 9.68 km

3 Ramsar Patta Poogal 5.78 km

4 Chakosa 8.20 km

5 Roopnagar 10.01 km

Socio economic conditions around Soorasar is similar to the other Solar Parks (Bhadla
& Nokh Solar Park), as identified there, in this region also, basic facilities of drinking
water, sanitary, pacca house, primary health care, primary education, village
electrification and skill-based training is lacking.

Indicative activities to be taken up by RSDCL in a phased manner with a mutual

understanding with the local communities and keeping in consideration the financial
availability, feasibility and practicality of implementation are given below:

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(i) Infrastructure Development in the Communities:

✓ Community centres
✓ Schools in villages
✓ Health care centres and hospitals
✓ Roads
✓ Homes for the homeless
✓ Rural electrification
✓ Irrigation and water storage structures
✓ Solar lighting system
✓ Sanitation and public health
✓ Drinking Water
✓ Promotion of sports and games
✓ Setting up of skill development centres

(ii) Sustainable Livelihood Activities in the Communities:

✓ Self-help groups (microfinance for women and farmers)

✓ Integrated agriculture development
✓ Integrated livestock development and animal husbandry
✓ Watershed management
✓ Microenterprise development
✓ Scholarships to meritorious students belonging to SC, ST, OBC, minority
and disabled categories
✓ Skill training/vocational training assistance programs for youth and women
✓ Capacity building of the project affected persons to improve their
employability

• Impact in the local livelihoods:

The study report has estimated job potential for Full Time Equivalent (FTE) i.e.
equals to one employee working full time in a year (5 working days and 53
weeks), for difference phases of development of Solar Plants of various
capacities.

As per the report, estimated job potential for Solar Power Plant larger than 25
MW is as follows:

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During Construction & 0.35 FTE/MW for 8.08 FTE/ MW for

Commissioning period Skilled Manpower Unskilled Manpower
During Operations & 0.33 FTE/MW for 0.60 FTE/MW for
Maintenance (O&M) period Skilled Manpower Unskilled Manpower
Accordingly, for Soorasar Solar Park of 1000 MW capacity the estimated job potential
has been worked out as mentioned below:

• 350 number of Skilled and 8080 number of Unskilled Manpower during

Construction & Commissioning works for both SPD & SPPD which includes
construction of Roads, street lighting, water infrastructure, transmission lines,
substations, installation of solar power plants, greenery development etc.

• 330 number of Skilled and 600 number of Unskilled Manpower during Operations
& Maintenance (O&M) of the above referred works.

• The job creation includes those other than at solar plant site e.g. scheduling of
power, sales and billing at head office and of contractors for O&M activities.

Nevertheless, increased supply of electricity at cheaper tariff would create more

industries, thus creating more jobs and positive impact on overall GDP of the State
and Nation.

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5 SOLAR PARK DEVELOPMENT

5.1 SOLAR POWER PARK DEVELOPER (SPPD):

Solar Power Park Developer (SPPD) for Soorasar Solar Park will be Rajasthan
Solarpark Development Company Limited (RSDCL), which is a public limited
company. has been established as a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) in form of a
subsidiary company of RRECL for development of infrastructure and management of
Solar Park.

RSDCL was incorporated on 2nd November 2011. Corporate Identification Number

(CIN) of RSDCL is U40102RJ2011SGC036861. It has 8 directors. RSDCL has
authorized & paid-up capital of Rs.5,00,000/- wholly subscribed by RRECL. It has
reserves and surpluses of Rs.423,653,804/- and profit of Rs.127,300,860/- as per
audited accounts of FY20-21.

Registered office of RSDCL is at E-166, Yudhishthir Marg, C-Scheme, Jaipur -

302 001, Rajasthan.

RSDCL has already developed Bhadla solar park in 2 phases. Bhadla solar park is
world’s largest solar park with total capacity of 2245 MW. RSDCL’s second 925 MW
capacity Solar Park at Village Nokh, Tehsil Pokaran, District Jaisalmer has been
planned and is being developed under the MNRE scheme and is under advance stage
of commissioning.

5.2 TIME SCHEDULE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR PARK

Ministry of New & Renewable Energy vide letter no. 30/26/2014-15/NSM dated 12th
December 2014 has issued Scheme for Development of Solar Parks and Ultra Mega
Solar Power Projects in the country commencing from 2014-15 and onwards. Further,
MNRE vide letter no. 30/26/2014-15/NSM dated 21st March 2017 has enhanced
capacity from 20 GW to 40 GW by 2019-20. This scheme envisaged development of
solar park in four modes of implementation. This scheme was modified on 22.05.2018,
09.03.19 and 15.06.20 to incorporate respectively implementation modes 4 to 6, 7 and
8. Soorasar Solar Park has been approved by MNRE under mode 8 of solar park
schemes. In brief, this scheme, interalia, specifies that:

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(a) A Committee will be set up under the chairman ship of Principal Secretary
/Secretary (Power/Energy/Renewable Energy) of the concerned state
Government, having CEO of SPPD, head of State Nodal Agency and three
experts in the field of Renewable Energy and power systems as member of the
Committee. The committee will facilitate setting up of the UMREPP, monitor
the progress and also fix the one-time upfront charges and annual operation
and maintenance charges etc. to be charged from the power developers.
UMREPP are not to be taken as profit making activities and maximum 16%
return on equity may be allowed.

(b) For the above activities, the state Government or any organisation designated
by the State Govt shall be paid a facilitation charge of Rs.0.05 per unit of power
being generated from the projects in the UMREPPs for the entire PPA period
of the project. This facilitation charge may be paid to State Government only
on the quantum of power that is exported outside the state from that UMREPP
and only if no facilitation charge or similar charge is levied under the State
Government policy.

(c) The SPPD will be entitled for the following compensation or the development
and management of the UMREPPs.:

(1) Central Financial Assistance (CFA): For development of internal

infrastructure including cost of transmission to CTU/STU point, the CFA
of Rs.20 Lakhs /MW or 30% of the cost of development of the
UMREPPs, whichever is lower, would be provided. Any augmentation /
strengthening and /or creation of external power evacuation
infrastructure may be done by CTU.

(2) If SPPD or any of its individual promoters has trading license, he may
act as a trader of power being produced in the park, for which he would
be entitled to claim a margin of Rs.0.07 per unit. This compensation
may not be provided to RE projects to be developed under EPC mode
where the cost of power would already have a factor of return on equity.

(3) While calling bids for selection of RE power developers in the

UMREPPs, it may be made clear in the bid document that the facilitation

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charge of Rs.0.05 per unit and trading margin of Rs 0.07 per unit to
SPPD, if applicable, will be paid by the RE power developers

(4) All other Terms and conditions will be as per relevant provisions
mentioned in the scheme for “development of solar Parks and Ultra
Mega Solar Power Projects” issued vide MNRE’s order no. 30/26/2014-
15/NSM dated 21.03.2017 and subsequent modifications.

(5) Aforesaid MNRE’s order dated 21-03-2017, not amended by mode 8 of

implementation, are:

(i) CFA(Central Financial Assistance) @Rs.25 lakhs (Rs/ twenty five lakhs
per solar park for preparation of DPR of solar park, conducting surveys,
etc.

(ii) Rs.20 lakhs per MW or 30% of the project cost, including grid
connectivity cost, whichever is lower on achieving milestones as per
scheme. Distribution of eligible grant between the Solar Power Park
Developer (SPPD) to works within solar park and CTU/STU (central /
Sate Transmission utility) for work outside the park would be decided
by MNRE.

(iii) For administering the scheme and management of fund, SECI will be
entitled a management fee @1% of the grant released

(iv) If park is developed in phases, grant will accordingly be phased out in

proportion to expenditure in each phase

(v) The SPPD entrusted with developing the park will get the land
developed and provide necessary infrastructure like road connectivity,
transmission infrastructure, etc. Significant investment will also be made
in operation and Maintenance of the solar park, employing staff and
other activities like marketing etc.#

(vi) The entire cost involved in acquisition of land will form the total cost of
the project for which estimate shall be prepared beforehand by the
SPPD. Based on this estimate, SPPD will formulate a recovery module

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to ensure sustainability of the park. The SPPD may raise the funds,
interalia, as follows:

(a) The SPPD may sell / lease out the plots to prospective project
developers. Lease period shall be 30 years or as per State policy.
The allotment Price payable per meter square (inclusive of all taxes,
duties, Cess etc) payable by plot applicant to be specified in
transparent manner. Allotment price may be reviewed annually, and
an annual increment may also be specified. The maximum stretch
of plot to be allotted will be decided as per benchmarks finalized by
the SPPD.

(b) A onetime registration fee per project of per MW may be collected

by inviting applications from the prospective project developers
when scheme is finalised. Land identified and marked. An advance
may be collected from prospective project developers when 50% of
the land is acquired. Advance will be 10% of sale price or lease
amount. Another instalment of 25% of the price of land or lease
amount may be collected when full land is acquired. Further
instalment of 10% each time may be collected when plots are being
developed. Final 15% of the price of land or lease amount may be
collected at the time of allotment of the plot to the project developers.

(vii) The approved grant to SPPD will be released by SECI as per the following
milestones:

S. % of subsidy
Milestone
No. disbursed
1 Land acquisition (not less than 50% land acquired) 20%
2 Financial closure 20%
3 Award of work for pooling stations 20%
4 Receipt of material on site for pooling stations 25%
5 Completion of construction of pooling stations and land 15%
development
Total 100%

(viii) Training, consultancy and other related expenditure shall be incurred by MNRE
SECI (the implementing agency)

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(ix) The apportionment of central grant into that for the development of solar park
and development of external transmission system and release of 50% of the
approved grant to CTU or STU by SECI on award of work and balance 50% on
successful commissioning is not applicable for mode 8 schemes.

The activity chart of main tasks:

Time schedule of various activities for the development of the Solar Park is as
per table below, Start month is Feb [Link] schedule given in earlier DPRs has
been revised considering 2 years extension in time line by MNRE vide O.M. No
F.N0.320/7/2019-NSM dated 16.06.23

Table 5-1: Schedule - months of commencement and completion

Duration
From Start Month, Month From Start Month, Month
of
S. of of
Activities Activity
No.
Commence- Commence-
Completion Months Completion
ment ment
1 Preparation of DPR 9 17 9 Mar-23 June-23
2 Approval of DPR 17 17 1 July-23 July-23
3 Financial Closure 17 19 3 July-23 Sept-23
4 Land Acquisition 17 19 3 July-23 Sept-23
5 Plot Marking 20 20 1 Oct-23 oct-23
Preparation of
6 Developer Selection 18 19 3 July-23 Aug-23
Documents
Selection of
7 Developer of Solar 20 20 1 Sep-23 Nov-23
Park
Preparation of
Tender for
8
Infrastructure
Works:
Tender for PPSs
(including office
(a) 18 19 2 Aug23 sept-23
buildings and
dormitory in all PPSs)
Tender for
(b) 18 19 2 Aug23 sept-23
Transmission Lines
Tender for Road
(c) 18 19 2 Aug23 sept-23
Infrastructure

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Duration
From Start Month, Month From Start Month, Month
of
S. of of
Activities Activity
No.
Commence- Commence-
Completion Months Completion
ment ment
Tender for Office &
(d) Guest House 18 19 2 Aug23 sept-23
Buildings
Tender for Water
(e) 18 19 2 Aug23 sept-23
Supply Infrastructure
9 Award of Contracts:
For PPSs (including
(a) office buildings and 20 21 2 Oct-23 Dec-23
dormitory in all PPSs)
For Transmission
(b) 20 21 2 Oct-23 Dec-23
Lines
For Road
(c) 20 21 2 Oct-23 Dec-23
Infrastructure
For Office & Guest
(d) 20 21 2 Oct-23 Dec-23
House Buildings
For Water Supply
(e) 20 21 2 Oct-23 Dec-23
Infrastructure
Commencement &
10
Completion
For PPSs (including
(a) office buildings and 23 39 17 Jan24 May25
dormitory in all PPSs)
For Transmission 23 Jan24
(b) 38 16 Apr-25
Lines
For Road 23 Jan24
(c) 33 11 Nov-24
Infrastructure
For Water Supply 23 Jan24
(d) 33 11 Nov-24
Infrastructure
Commissioning of June 25
11 40 40 1 June-25
Solar Park
Greenery Jan25
12 35 43 9 Aug-25
Development
Allotment and
13 Handing Over of 22 23 2 Dec-23 Jan-24
Solar Plots
Construction Phase
14 20 39 20 Dec-23 June-25
of Solar Plants
Testing and
15 Commissioning of 40 40 1 May-25 June-25
Solar Plots

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5.3 SOLAR PARK DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

Solar Park shall be subdivided into three plots, one solar power plots of 500 MW and
other two of 250 MW each. Solar power plant in each plot will transmit power at 33kV
through cables or overhead lines to 132 kV PPS. one EHV park pooling
substation(PPS) is proposed for each plot. Evacuation of power from solar park shall
be through double circuit 400 kV line with twin moose (AL-59) bundle conductor from
PPS-2 to CTU’s 765 kV substation at Lakhusar. 132 kV line from PPS3 to PPS-1 shall
have double circuit line with one circuit connected to PPS-1 and other to Main 400 kV
PPS. 132 kV Quadruple circuit (or 2 double circuit) line from PPS-1 be 400 kV Main
PPS will have three circuits connected to PPS-1 and one to PPS-3. There will be
double circuit 132 kV line between PPS-2 and 400 kV Main PPS. All132 kV lines will
be of twin bundle AL-59 (zebra eq.) conductor.

Approach road from Bikaner city, well connected by rail and road, shall be through
Bikaner – Chhattargarh road up to 682 RD of the IGNP canal and then through Poogal
– Attarbad - Sriganganagar Road which passes through the solar park. Internal roads
shall be 9.0 meters roads providing approach to internal roads between PPSs
extended to solar plots and approach to pathways for private land holders, where
necessary.

Water requirement of Solar Park will be taken from IGNP and pumped to Raw Water
Reservoir at about 14.11 km from IGNP with pipeline route along road. Water pipelines
from overhead tanks will route along the internal roads such that each solar power plot
have access to water pipeline for Clean and filtered water required for panel cleaning
and human consumption and also for pipeline for recycling water. Water will be
supplied to solar power plots in turn. Water pipelines from delivery point to their plot
will be drawn by power producer.

Solar Park and plots shall not be fenced but provided with pillar demarcating solar
park and solar plots. Fencing or boundary walls for solar plots will be constructed by
the respective solar power developers.

The Park land is traversed by sand dunes. Levelling of land in solar plots shall be done
by the solar power developer and for electrical, water and road infrastructure by SPPD.
Solar power developer shall provide sanitation by septic tank. No residential colony
will be provided in solar park for power producers (SPDs).

Solar Park implementation will be financed by:

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(i) Equity by RREC/RSDCL up to 30% of net expenses (i.e expenses +Interest

during construction – MNRE grants – revenue)

(ii) Debt from RREC/Financial institutions / Banks equal to net expenses less
equity

(iii) Revenue by:

o Payment of cost of land on transfer of land leasing to power producers in

instalments and final payment at the time of handing over

o Payment towards development charges in instalment.

O&M of solar project will be financed by annual charges receipt from solar power
developers. Land lease and Rajasthan renewable energy fund will be payable to state
govt. water charges, electricity charges supplier directly by SPD to respective supplier.

Rolling out of the scheme:

(i) DPR shall be submitted to board of directors and State Level committee for
approval
(ii) With their approval of DPR, it shall be submitted to SECI/MNRE for approval
and financial sanction of CFA.
(iii) With the approval of SECI/MNRE, application for connectivity with CTU
transmission system will be sought and financial closure of the project shall
be initiated.
(iv) On achieving financial closure and approval of stage -I connectivity:
(a) Packages of Works to be carried out through state Govt department /
public sector undertakings as per state Govt. policy (like road
infrastructure, construction power supply, greenery development etc)
and to be carried out through electronic biddings (e.g electrical
infrastructure, shall be decided and accordingly technical specifications
will be prepared and Letter of intent will be issued to state Govt
department / public sector undertakings and tenders (like electrical
infrastructure, etc) shall be called.
(b) Expression of interest shall be invited from prospective solar power
producers and their views sought on bidding documents. Bidding
documents shall be finalised considering their response and bidder may
be selected on one or more of the following basis:

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o First come first served basis with preference to central or state Govt
undertakings.
o Competitive bidding with selection based on criteria specified in bid
documents.
(c) With the finalisation of biddings for solar power producers, tenders for
electrical infrastructure etc shall be finalised.

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5.4 ACTIVITY CHART OF THE BROAD TASKS: BAR CHART FOR THE BROAD TASKS:

Months from Zero Date (24th February 2022 i.e., Date of Issue of In-principal Approval by MNRE)
S. 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
Activities
No. Feb-22 Mar-22 May- Sep- Nov- Dec- May- Sep- Nov- Dec- May-
Mar-23 Apr-23 Jun-23 Jul-23 Aug-23 Oct-23 Jan-24 Feb-24 Mar-24 Apr-24 Jun-24 Jul-24 Aug-24 Oct-24 Jan-25 Feb-25 Mar-25 Apr-25 Jun-25 Jul-25 Aug-25
23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 25

1 Preparation of DPR

2 Approval of DPR

3 Financial Closure

4 Land Acquisition

5 Plot Marking

Preparation of Developer Selection

6
Documents

7 Selection of Developer of Solar Park

8 Tender for All Infrastructure Works

9 Award of Contract

10 Construction Period Roads

11 Construction of Water Infrastructure

12 Civil Works Other Than PPS

13 Construction of PPSs

14 Construction of Transmission Lines

15 Greenery Development

Commencement and Completion of

16
Solar Park

Allotment and Handing Over of Solar

17
Plots

18 Construction Phase of Solar Plants

Testing and Commissioning of Solar

19
Plots

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5.5 SOLAR PARK DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK:

As per MNRE scheme, grant of Rs. 25 Lakhs for preparing Detailed Project Report
(DPR) of the Solar Park, conducting surveys etc. has already been sanctioned by
MNRE and further, grant of up to Rs. 20 lakhs/MW or 30% of the project cost
including Grid-connectivity cost, whichever is lower will be sanctioned in a phased
manner as per the scheme by MNRE. In case of Soorasar Solar Park, MNRE grant
on project cost of Rs. 590.90 crores (with IDC up to commissioning) will be Rs.
177.27 Crore. (total Rs.177.52 crores considering Rs.0.25 crores for preparation of
DPR). 1% administrative charges of SECI will be payable by MNRE

Milestones for release of MNRE grant of Rs. 177.27 crores will be as per table 5.1.

Financial package has been considered accordingly. Preferring of claim to MNRE

has been considered within 1 month of the claim becoming due and Receipt of
MNRE grant is considered 3 months thereafter. MNRE grant for preparation of
DPR is considered in Mar – 23(50%) and July23(50%). land acquisition is
considered to be completed in sept- 23.

Equity has been considered as 30% of the net cumulative requirement of fund (i.e.
capital investment less MNRE grant less receipt from developers). Reduction/
buyback of equity has not been considered. Debt is considered for balance
cumulative requirement of funds.

The financial model and detailed development schedule (Capital Expenditure

Schedule) is given at para 8.2 and Chapter-10.

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6 INDICATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL

IMPACTS

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING (IN AND AROUND THE SITE-10 KM RADIUS)

The proposed infrastructure facilities for Solar Park at Soorsar do not attract any
environmental clearance as per EIA notification 2006 and 2009 issued by Ministry
of Environment and Forest (MoEF). However, provisions of other Act, rules and
regulations will have to be complied. Accordingly, the project developer shall
require obtaining consent from competent authorities such as the Rajasthan State
Pollution Control Board (RSPCB) for ‘Consent to Establish’ by submitting a
Common Application (as per Schedule-I), clearances under Water (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981)
and authorization under Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules,
1989, as amended.

MNRE had commissioned a study to assess the environmental and socio-

economic impacts of RE projects in India, particularly from solar PV and onshore
wind farms. Study team had visited solar PV farm in Anantpur district of Andhra
Pradesh, which was one of the biggest solar farm developed on agriculture land,
that is, close to human habitation and it was deemed to be capturing the impacts
of a large solar farm on the local ecology. The study report, submitted in 2013, has
expressed that since RE technologies have relatively (compared to other energy
options) lower ecological footprint hence such projects should not be treated at par
with conventional infrastructure projects and that as established by life-cycle
assessment, RE projects have comparatively low environmental externalities that
too are limited to project development phase. The RE projects don’t generate solid
or liquid effluents during operations and thereby pollution of land, surface water or
ground water resources is not anticipated from such projects. During the operations
phase the impacts on the surrounding environment are negligible and are
reversible in nature and can be mitigated by proper Environmental Management
plan.

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6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS (POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE)

6.2.1 Flora and Fauna:

Jorbeer, a community reserve of vultures and Gajner Wildlife sanctuary are near
Bikaner city. Gajner sanctuary is home of black bucks, chinkara, antelope, wild
boars, deer, wild fowls, neelgai and desert foxes. Its lake attracts birds including
migratory birds notably kurjan(siberian crane). The herds of cattle, eg. Cow (Bos
indicus), Buffalo (Bus bubalus), Sheep (Oris orienes), Goat (Capra hircus) and
Camel (Camelus domesticus), are also maintained by inhabitants in this part of
desert. However solar park is not likely to affect their conservation.

The significant tree species noticed in Bikaner district are Acacia tortilis (Babul),
Acacia nilotica (kikar), Prosopis cineraria (khejri), Acacia senegal (Kumatia),
Capparis deciduas (Ker), Euphorbia caducifolia (Thor), Maytenus emarginata
(Kankero), Prosopis cineraria (Khejri), Cordia gharaf (gwar), P. juliflora (Angreji
Banwalia), Salvadora oleoides (Khara Jal), S. persica (Mitha Jal) and Tecomella
undulate (Rohira). Among these, Prosopis cineraria and Capparis deciduas, and
Prosopis juliflora shrub are dominant in the plains. Roadside trees are Azadirachta
indica (Neem), Ficus benghalensis (Bar) and F. religiosa (Peepal). Aak (Caliotropis
procera), a common shrub and Thhor the most visible cactus in this region.

Indira Gandhi canal demarcates the land scape. On one side, western side of
Soorasar, is irrigated land with greenery and on Soorasar side it is barren sand
dune area with scattered bushes. In irrigated region, there is ecological change. It
is reported that seven species which originally belong to Rajasthan desert have
disappeared and about 10 species have migrated through irrigation waters in
Rajasthan.

However, in unirrigated area, there is no perceptible change. Trees and shrubs are
available in this unirrigated area. These and other Species as above can be grown
in Soorasar- Bhanawatawala – Sardarpura arid zone.

6.2.2 Environment Impacts:

Although, environmental clearance is not required even then, based on the

baseline environmental features of the project area and the proposed engineering

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works, the impacts of the proposed activities on various environmental and social
attributes of the project area are discussed.

Infrastructure projects are generally expected to bring in positive impacts to the

project area/town. However, these projects are expected to induce negative
impacts especially during construction phase, if due care is not taken. The
environmental impacts caused due to infrastructure projects can be categorised
either as primary impacts (induced directly by the project) or secondary impacts
(which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment and
changing patterns of social and economic activities due to the project). Typically,
the potential direct impacts of such infrastructure projects are mainly during the
construction phase and most of the indirect impacts are during the operational
phase.

The major activities during the construction of the roads, transmission corridors,
pooling stations & water pipeline would include earthwork excavation, material
movement, provision of infrastructural facilities like construction of storm water
drains, sewerage lines, septic tanks, electrical and communication network etc.
The support activities would include employment of labour, material transport, use
of construction equipment’s etc. The activities under operation phase would include
increase in the movement of public and private vehicles, public and commercial
activities. These activities are expected to cause minor environmental problems
during the construction and operation phase of the project, which are discussed in
the following sections.

6.2.3 Impact on Land:

In the proposed project, the major activity that is expected to cause an impact on
land is earthwork excavation and filling for the construction. Since the proposed
site is desert wasteland it can be inferred that impact on land environment because
of excavation etc. during construction activities is marginal. However, these
activities will necessitate appropriate plans for safety measures for the workers
involved in these works.

6.2.4 Impact on Climate – CO2 reduction:

Due to the proposed activities of the project in desert region, no changes in climatic
conditions are anticipated.

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Central Electricity Authority has published in June 2018 “CO2 Baseline Database
for the Indian Power Sector User Guide Version 13.0”. Accordingly, the CDM
methodologies which have been approved to date by the CDM Executive Board
distinguish a range of different emission factors. In the Indian context, the following
four are most relevant, and were therefore calculated for the Indian Grid based on
the underlying station data:

(1) The weighted average emission factor describes the average CO2 emitted
per unit of electricity generated in the grid. It is calculated by dividing the
absolute CO2 emissions of all power stations by the total net generation. Net
generation from so-called low-cost/must-run sources (hydro and nuclear) is
included in the denominator.

(2) Simple operating margin (OM): The operating margin describes the average
CO2 intensity of the existing stations in the grid which are most likely to
reduce their output if a CDM project supplies electricity to the grid (or reduces
consumption of grid electricity).

(3) Build margin (BM): The build margin reflects the average CO2 intensity of
newly built power stations that will be (partially) replaced by a CDM project.
In accordance with the Grid Tool, the build margin is calculated in this
database as the average emissions intensity of the 20% most recent capacity
additions in the grid based on net generation. The build margin covers units
commissioned in the last five years.

(4) Combined margin (CM): The combined margin is a weighted average of the
simple operating margin and the build margin. By default, both margins have
equal weights (50%). However, CDM project developers may choose to
argue for different weights. In particular, for intermittent and non-dispatchable
generation types such as wind and solar photovoltaic, the Grid Tool allows to
weigh the operating margin and build margin at 75% and 25%, respectively.

Accordingly, weighted average emission factor, simple operating margin (OM),

build margin (BM) and combined margin (CM) of the Indian Grid for FY 2016-17
(adjusted for cross-border electricity transfers), are respectively 0.82, 0.96, 0.87,
0.92 t CO2/MWh. Based on illustration at Table 6 of above document, emission
reduction has been calculated as under. Solar Park will affect CO2, emission
reduction of 1692432 tones /year. This is the beneficial environmental impact.

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A Project information:
1 Type Solar Park
2 Size, MW 1000
3 Capacity Utilization factor 21%
Projected Annual Generation (net),
4 1839600
MWh
5 Commissioning Year 2025
6 Year of CDM registration -
7 Grid Indian
8 CDM methodology ACM0002 / Version 17.0
Baseline Emission Factor
B
Calculation:
1 Calculation method Combined Margin
Data vintage for projection of For OM: 2016-17
2
emission reductions: For BM: 2016-17
Data vintage for verification of Same as for projection (emission
3
emission reductions: factor fixed ex ante)
4 Accounting of imports Mandatory
Solar generation from solar park
will be dispatchable.
5 Weights for combined margin:
operating margin: 50%
Build margin: 50%
C Emission Reduction Calculations:
OM= 0.96
1 Values in t CO2/MWh: BM= 0.87
CM= 0.92
Projected emission reductions, t of
2 1692432
CO2
If monitored- net generation x
fixed CM margin
3 Actual emission reductions
net generation x fixed combined
margin

6.2.5 Impact on Air Quality:

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and dust are the major sources of air quality
impacts during the construction phase. However, area has dust storms for few days
in summer and dust getting floated in the air with moderate wind. Dust particles
settle in few days. With respect to the existing ambient air quality or with respect
to compliance of ambient air quality standards, the impact on air quality during the
construction phase of the project is temporary in nature and adequate dust

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suppression measures during construction and thereafter will significantly reduce

the impacts. During the operation phase the particulate Matter /dust and emission
from the vehicular traffic movement will also have temporary impact on the existing
ambient air quality of the project area. However, creation of green belt & roadside
plantation will bring a positive impact to the air quality.

6.2.6 Impact on Noise Levels:

During the construction phase of the project, the major sources of noise pollution
are movement of vehicles transporting the construction material and the noise
generating activities at the construction site itself. Mixing and material movement
will be the primary noise generating activities in the project area and will be
distributed over the entire construction period. Construction activities are expected
to produce noise levels in the range of 80 - 95 dB (A) and can affect the personnel
working at the site and the population residing near the project site. Hence the use
of proper personal protective equipment (PPE) such as earmuffs is recommended
to mitigate any adverse impact of the noise generated by any equipment. Noise
generating tools such as pneumatic tools, generators etc, should be avoided during
late hours, when hum level is low, to minimize the impact of noise on the population
residing near the project area. During the operation phase the movement of
vehicles is expected to contribute some noise pollution. Creation of green belt &
roadside plantation will act as a sound barrier and is recommended as a positive
impact to minimize the dispersion of sound to surroundings.

6.2.7 Impact on Water Quality:

Impact on Surface Water Quality: No impact on the surface water quality is

anticipated during the construction phase of the project. During the operation
phase safe disposal of the sewage generated (howsoever little), during the project
design, will mitigate the anticipated impact due to water pollution. Recycling of
water is suggested, the recycled water would be utilized for vehicle washing and
gardening. This activity is considered as a positive impact.

Impact on Ground Water Quality: Ground water is deep at a depth of more than 40
meters. No activities of the project construction and operation phase are expected
to impact the ground water quality of the project area. However, during the
operation phase the generation of sewage (if any) if not disposed properly is

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expected to interfere with the environment. However, proper planning for safe
disposal of the sewage generated and wastewater disposal facilities, executed as
planned during the project design, will mitigate the anticipated impact due to water
pollution.

6.2.8 Other Impacts:

Solid waste generated from the pooling stations and office areas if not managed
will affect the aesthetics of the stations & office and create unhygienic conditions.
Adequate number of garbage collection bins should be placed at prominent
locations within the proposed pooling station & office. A plan for the timely clearing
of the garbage bins and disposal of the waste should be worked out. Display boards
to create awareness among the public on solid waste management, should be
placed at strategic locations within the proposed pooling station and the office area.

6.3 SOCIAL IMPACTS (POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE)

The broad Social Impacts of setting-up Solar Park could be related to (i) Settlement
/ Demography, (ii) Livelihood & Economy and (iii) Health & Safety. The proposed
Soorasar Solar Park is being setup on Government owned land (no private
ownership land is being used). Thus, there will be no displacement of people rather
project will create employment opportunity to the local population. However,
RSDCL has kept a provision of Community Development Fund for development &
upliftment of the local community by various programme and activities as
discussed in para 4.6 of this DPR.

6.4 MITIGATION MEASURES:

As setting-up a Solar Park does not impact the environment significantly therefore
mitigations measures are minimal. However, creation of green belt & roadside
plantation will bring positive impact to air quality and minimise the noise level.

To mitigate social impact, there is a provision of Community Development Fund

vide which certain activities are proposed in the surrounding villages.

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7 STATUTORY & LEGAL FRAMEWORK

7.1 SOLAR POLICY OF THE STATE:

Establishment of solar park is facilitated by central and State Governments policies

to promote RE generation from solar energy. Govt. of Rajasthan has formulated
Solar Energy Policies in 2011,2014 and 2019 covering development of solar parks
in the State. The existing Rajasthan solar energy policy 2019 provides for
development of solar park by:

(1) Rajasthan Solar Park Development Company Ltd., a Special Purpose Vehicle
(SPV) in the form of a subsidiary company of RREC.

(2) Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Ltd. (RREC) on its own or through
or any other SPV which may be created.

(3) Private Sector. and

(4) Joint Venture Companies (JVCs).

In case of JVC, State govt will have up to 50% equity or any other percentage of
equity participation as decided by the State Government. The cost of land allotted
by State Government would be part of its equity participation in the joint venture
company. It also provides that the State Government on its own or through any
other agency designated by it will promote setting up of Ultra Mega Renewable
Energy Power Park (UMREPP) in joint venture with Central Public Sector
Undertakings.

It, interalia, provides that:

(i) solar power park developer will be allowed to acquire agriculture land from
title holder (Khatedar) for developing Solar Park(s) in excess of ceiling limit
in accordance with the provisions of Rajasthan Imposition of Ceiling on
Agriculture Holding Act, 1973.

(ii) For land acquisition for solar park, land conversion will not be required in
accordance with the provisions of Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 and
Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956 for the development of solar park on
private agriculture land.

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(iii) Rates of stamp duty levied on the land used for setting up of solar power
plant/solar park shall be equal to twice the rates of stamp duty leviable on
agriculture land of that area.

(iv) The Private Sector Solar Power Park Developer(s) shall be responsible for
registration of solar power projects within their park with RREC.

(v) Government Land will be allotted to Solar Park /Solar Power Projects as per
the provisions of Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment of land for Setting up
of Power Plant based on Renewable Energy Sources) Rules, 2007, as
amended from time to time.

(vi) Solar Power Park Developer shall be allowed to sub-lease the allotted land
as per the aforesaid rules.

(vii) Maximum land area which can be allotted to the Developer/Solar Power
Producer will be as under:

(i) SPV on Crystalline technology 2.0 Hectare/MW

(ii) SPV on Crystalline technology with tracker 3.0 Hectare/MW

SPV on Thin film/Amorphous Technology with or

(iii) 3.5 Hectare/MW
without tracker

Solar thermal (CSP): Parabolic Trough / Tower/Other

(iv)
Technology with or without storage

a) Up to PLF of 21% 3.5 Hectare/MW

0.15 Hectare/MW
b) For every 1% increase in PLF
additional land

(viii) For solar power projects with storage system, additional land will be allotted
as per the rules prescribed by the Revenue Department, GoR.

(ix) Water Resources Department will allocate required quantity of water from
IGNP canal/the nearest available source for cleaning of solar panels and
auxiliary consumption for Solar PV Power Plants and water requirement for
Solar Thermal Power Plants subject to the availability of water. The
modifications(s) required, if any, in the existing canal system will be done
by the Water Resources Department at the cost of the Power Producer.

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7.2 COMPLIANCE OF THE SOLAR PARK WITH THE SOLAR POLICY

Soorasar Solar Power Park developed by RSDCL complies with the Rajasthan
Solar policy 2019.

7.3 ALL STATUTORY CLEARANCES, LICENSES, PERMISSIONS REQUIRED

FOR DEVELOPMENT SOLAR PARK AND TIME FRAME

Legal framework: The Electricity is in the concurrent list of the constitution of India.
Electricity Act 2003 has been the central Act relating to generation, transmission,
distribution, trading and use of electricity. This Act provides for the constitution of
Central Electricity Authority, Regulatory Commissions and Appellate tribunal,
licensing (for transmission, distribution and trading of electricity), unbundling of
erstwhile Electricity Boards, open access and to establish Regional and State Load
despatch centres. Under the provisions of the Electricity Act, Central Govts. have
constituted/established:

(1) The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) to regulate matters interalia to (i)the
technical standards for construction of electrical plants, electric lines and
connectivity to the grid; and(ii)the safety requirements for construction,
operation and maintenance of electrical plants and electric lines; and (iii)
the Grid Standards for operation and maintenance of transmission lines and
(iv)specify the conditions for installation of meters for transmission and
supply of electricity; and

(2) The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) for regulating inter-
state generation, transmission and trading and licensing for latter two.

(3) Five regional load despatch centres and National Load Despatch Centre to
ensure integrated operation of the power system in the concerned region
and National Load despatch centre to ensure integrated operation of the
power regulate inter-regional and inter-state transmission of power.

Rajasthan Govt has constituted:

(1) The Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission (RERC) to regulate intra-

state generation, transmission, trading and distribution and licensing for latter
three.

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(2) State Load Despatch centre to ensure integrated operation of the power
system in a State.

The Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Central Electricity Regulatory

Commissions (CERC) and State Electricity regulatory Commissions (SERC) can
frame regulations respectively under section 177, 178 and [Link] central
Government and state Governments can frame rules under section 176 and 180.
Every rule made by the Central Government, every regulation made by the
Authority, and every regulation made by the Central Commission are laid before
each House of the Parliament under section 179 and Every rule made by the State
Government and every regulation made by the State Commission is laid before
each House of the State Legislature and under section 179. These are thus the
subordinate legislations. Solar Park developer (RSDCL) and solar power
producers have to abide by the Electricity Act, rules and regulations made and
procedures issued there under and the directions of State load despatch centre
and regional load despatch centre, as applicable.

Relevant provisions of the Electricity Act: under section 7 any generating company
may establish, operate and maintain a generating station without obtaining a
licence under this Act if it complies with the technical standards relating to
connectivity with the grid. Section 9(2) of this act provides to the person, who has
constructed a captive generating plant and maintains and operates such plant, to
have the right to open access for the purposes of carrying electricity from his
captive generating plant to the destination of his use. Section 38(2)(d), 39(2)(D)
and 40(c) provides the function respectively of CTU, STU and transmission
licensee to provide non-discriminatory open access to its transmission system for
use by:

(1) any licensee or generating company on payment of the transmission charges;

or

(2) any consumer as and when such open access is provided by the State
Commission under sub-section (2) of section 42, on payment of the
transmission charges and a surcharge thereon, as may be specified by the
appropriate Commission.

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Section 42(2) provides for the State Commission to introduce open access in such
phases and subject to such conditions, (including the cross subsidies, and other
operational constraints) as may be specified. These sections provide that cross-
subsidy surcharge shall be utilised for the purpose of meeting the requirement of
current level cross-subsidy and shall not be leviable in case open access is
provided to a person who has established a captive generating plant for carrying
the electricity to the destination of his own use. The electricity Rules 2005 provides
for the pre-requisite of a power plant to be classified as captive power plant.

Section 42(4) provides for payment of additional surcharge, as may be specified

by the State Commission, to meet the fixed cost of such distribution licensee arising
out of his obligation to supply.

Thus, depending on use of transmission system for open access, transmission

charges of injection and drawl end State transmission system and central
transmission system, as applicable, is payable. Similarly depending on use of
distribution system for open access, wheeling charges (on distribution system of
injection and drawl end), as applicable is payable. The Central Govt. vide order no.
23/12/2016-R&R dated 30th September 2016 had waived the inter-state
Transmission System (ISTS) charges and losses on transmission of electricity
generated from Solar resources projects awarded through competitive bidding and
commissioned till 30th June 2017 for 25 years. The Central Govt. vide order no.
23/12/2016-R&R-part (1) [239444] dated 21st June 2021 has extended the waiver
of inter-state Transmission System (ISTS) charges (and not on losses) on
transmission of electricity generated from Solar and wind sources for projects to
be commissioned up to 30th June 2025.

The Regional Load Despatch Centre under section 28 is the apex body to ensure
integrated operation of the power system in the concerned region and is interalia
responsible for optimum scheduling and despatch of electricity within the region,
exercise supervision and control over the inter-State transmission system and for
carrying out real time operations for grid control and despatch of electricity within
the region in accordance with the Grid Standards and the Grid Code. Under sec.
29,the Regional Load Despatch Centre may give such directions and exercise such
supervision and control as may be required for ensuring stability of grid operations
and for achieving the maximum economy and efficiency in the operation of the

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power system in the region under its control and every licensee, generating
company, generating station, substation and any other person connected with the
operation of the power system has to comply with the direction issued by the
Regional Load Despatch Centres. Such directions to intra-state transmission
licensee or any other licensee or generating company or sub-station is to be issued
through the State Load Despatch Centre, who is to ensure that such directions are
duly complied with the licensee or generating company or sub-station.

Under section 32, the State load despatch centre is the apex body to ensure
integrated operation of the power system in a State and is interalia responsible for
carrying out real time operations for grid control and despatch of electricity within
the State in accordance with the Grid Standards and the State Grid Code and Every
licensee, generating company, generating station, substation and any other person
connected with the operation of the power system has to comply with the direction
issued by the State Load Dispatch Centre.

As per as per Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC)-2010 , a SPD who are in the
RLDC control area, are connected to ISTS and whose metering and energy
accounting is done at the regional level will be ‘Regional Entity’. Such SPD is
governed by CERC IEGC regulations 2010 (as amended by 3 rd amendment
dated 07/08/2015),CERC open access regulations and CERC (deviation
Settlement Mechanism and related matters) Regulations 2015. Accordingly, if
Rajasthan state’s drawl from SPD is less than 50%, they are to give daily the
day ahead schedule on 15 minute’s time block basis of ex-power plant MW and
MWh capabilities from 0000 hrs to 2400 hrs of the following day at 8.00 A.M. to
NRLDC either itself or through lead or principal generator. In respect of
deviation from this schedule or its intra-day revisions, they will be governed by
CERC (Deviation Settlement Mechanism and related matters) regulations
2014. An SPD, who is not a regional entity, will have to give such day ahead
schedule himself or through QCA at 10.00 A.M. to SLDC. In respect of deviation
from this schedule or its intra-day revisions, they will be governed by RERC
(Forecasting, Scheduling, Deviation Settlement Mechanism and related
matters of solar and wind generation sources) regulations 2017.

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The regulations, and their amendments notified by these regulating authorities, are
applicable to Solar Park Developer (RSDCL) and solar power generator and users
(in Rajasthan). In respect solar power generation and supply relevant regulations
are as under:

(A) CEA Regulations (All India jurisdiction):

(i) CEA (Installation and Operation of Meters) Regulations, 2006.

(ii) CEA (Measures relating to safety and electric supply) regulations 2010

(iii) CEA (technical standards for construction of electric Plants and electric
lines) regulations 2010

(iv) CEA (technical standards for Connectivity to Grid) regulations 2007.

(v) CEA (safety requirements for Operations, Construction and maintenance of

electric plants and electricity lines) Regulations 2011

(vi) CEA (Technical Standards for Communication System in Power System

Operation) Regulations, 2020

(B) CERC Regulations (Jurisdiction on inter-state transmission and

central sector generating companies):

(i) CERC (Grant of Connectivity, Long-term Access and Medium-term Open

Access in inter-State Transmission and related matters) Regulations, 2009

(ii) CERC (Open Access in inter-State Transmission) Regulations, 2008

(iii) CERC (Open Access in Inter-State Transmission) Regulations, 2004.

(iv) CERC (Terms and Conditions for recognition and issuance of Renewable
Energy Certificate for Renewable Energy Generation) Regulations, 2010

(v) CERC (Deviation Settlement Mechanism and related matters) Regulations,

2022.

(vi) CERC (Indian Electricity Grid Code) Regulations, 2010.

(vii) Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Connectivity and General

Network Access to the inter-State Transmission System) Regulations,
2022.

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(viii) The Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Terms and Conditions for
Tariff determination from Renewable Energy Sources) Regulations, 2020.
This regulation provides that tariff for Solar PV Power, Solar thermal power,
wind power, Renewable hybrid, energy, Renewable with storage and
repowering of Wind power projects shall invariably be determined through
a transparent process of competitive bidding in accordance with the
Guidelines issued by the Central Government under Section 63 of the Act.
In respect of Solar PV Power, Solar thermal power, wind power , Renewable
hybrid, energy, Renewable with storage, it provides for determination of
project specific tariff for the new projects subject to specified conditions.

(C) Rules notified by Govt. of India:

(i) The Electricity Rules, 2005.

(ii) The Electricity (promotion of generation of electricity from must run power
plant) Rules, 2021.

(iii) The Electricity (Timely Recovery of Costs due to Change in Law) rules 2021

(iv) The Electricity (Transmission System Planning, Development and

Recovery of Inter-State Transmission Charges) Rules 2021

(v) The Electricity (Promoting Renewable Energy through Green Energy Open
Access) Rules 2022.

(D) RERC Regulations (Rajasthan State Jurisdiction):

(i) RERC (Terms and Conditions for Open Access) Regulations, 2016.

(ii) RERC (Rajasthan Electricity Grid Code) Regulations 2008.

(iii) RERC (Renewable Energy Obligation) Regulations, 2007.

(iv) RERC (Forecasting, Scheduling, Deviation Settlement and Related Matters

of Solar and Wind Generation Sources) Regulations, 2017.

(v) RERC (Renewable Energy Certificate and Renewable Purchase Obligation

Compliance Framework) Regulations, 2010.

(vi) Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission (Terms and Conditions for

Tariff determination from Renewable Energy Sources) Regulations, 2020.
This regulation provides that tariff for Solar PV Power, Solar thermal power,

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wind power, Renewable hybrid, energy, Renewable with storage and

repowering of Wind power projects shall invariably be determined through
a transparent process of competitive bidding in accordance with the
Guidelines issued by the Central Government under Section 63 of the Act.
In respect of Solar PV Power, Solar thermal power, wind power, Renewable
hybrid, energy, Renewable with storage, it provides for determination of
project specific tariff for the new projects subject to specified conditions.

The CERC regulations, CEA regulations, RERC Regulations and Electricity

Rules as applicable, shall govern the operation of solar power plants.
Accordingly, Solar power generators having Individual or combined
capacity of 5 MW and above, shall itself or through their Qualified
Coordinating Agency (QCA), shall provide to SLDC the technical
specifications of solar power plant and also schedule based on its own
forecast or SLDC’s forecast. Such schedule shall be used as reference for
deviation settlement mechanism. Besides this, Solar generators shall be
metered by interface meters /ABT compliant meters with a provision for
recording and storing all billing parameters for every 15-minute time block.
In addition, data acquisition through SCADA for energy accounting and
deviation settlement, Data telemetry adopted at the inverter or plant level,
data relating to power system output & other parameters and weather-
related data etc. shall be mandatorily provided by such generator or QCA
to the SLDC in real time. Full data telemetry and communication facilities
shall be provided by the generator. All solar power developers / producers
shall supply these data to RSDCL for reference and also pass these data
to Renewable Energy Management Centre for RE power forecasting and
monitoring. They shall install instruments and test module, for measurement
of GHI and DNI, two anemometers for wind speed and direction and two
cloud cover (okta) measuring instruments and transmission of their data at
15 minute’s intervals as above. Above provisions will be applicable to SPD.
SPPD shall also put-up SCADA at its PPSs for sending composite data from
Park to integrate with SLDC SCADA, in line with SLDC requirement.

Under sec. 3 Central Govt. has notified revised Tariff Policy on 28th January
2016. The revised policy vide clause 6.4(2) has specified that the States

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shall endeavour to procure power from renewable energy sources through

competitive bidding to keep the tariff low, except from the waste to energy
plants and that Procurement of power by Distribution Licensee from
renewable energy sources from projects above the notified capacity, shall
be done through competitive bidding process, from the date to be notified
by the Central Government. Thereafter the Ministry of Power vide resolution
dated 3rd August 2017 has issued Guidelines for Tariff Based Competitive
Bidding Process for long term Procurement of Power by distribution
licensees from Grid Connected Solar PV Power Projects having size of 5
MW and above, under the provisions of Section 63 of the Electricity Act,
2003. Consequent to these, CERC and RERC tariff regulations specifies as
above no annual generic tariff determination for the technologies as
mentioned.

In respect of captive consumers, RERC tariff regulations as above, provides

for injected energy to be adjusted time block-wise against drawl and excess
injected energy of each time block to be cumulated till the end of the month
and shall be set off against the cumulative drawl of Discom. Remaining
energy, at the end of the month will be entitled to 60% of energy charges
applicable for large industrial power tariff in respect of 10% of unutilised
banked energy after the end of the same month.

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7.4 LIST OF CLEARANCES/LICENSES/PERMISSIONS TO BE OBTAINED BY SPDS AND SPPD AND ISSUING AGENCY:

Table 7-1: Clearances required for establishing Solar Park

(for both SPPD and SPD)

S. Applicability to
Clearances Acts Approving Agency SPD SPPD
No the Project

Permission for removal of tree

Forest Conservation Act 1980
growth within the terminal/ Local Divisional Forest
1 Rajasthan Tree Preservation Act Applicable √ √
depot area Felling conversion Officer
1976
and removal from stump site

Central Ground Water Board

Permission for Withdrawal of
2 Environment Protection Act 1986 / Water Resource Applicable √ √
Ground Water
Department, Rajasthan

Permission for Withdrawal of Applicable (If the

Surface Water from Irrigation Department, contractor is
3 Rajasthan State Water Policy, √
Reservoirs/ Ponds/ Irrigation Rajasthan extracting surface
canals water)

Crushers, Cement Batching Air (Prevention and Control of Rajasthan Pollution Control
4 Applicable √ √
Plant, Hot Mix Plant Pollution) Act. 1981 Board

Disposal of Construction
Water (Prevention and Control of Rajasthan Pollution Control
5 Waste and liquid effluent from Applicable √ √
Pollution) Act 1974 Board
Labour camps

Executing Agency of Building and District Labour

6 Employing Labour Applicable √ √
other construction act, 1996 Commissioner

District Labour
7 Registration of Workers Labour welfare Acts Applicable √ √
Commissioner

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S. Applicability to
Clearances Acts Approving Agency SPD SPPD
No the Project

Approval of installation of 400

The section 68 of Electricity Act Govt. of Rajasthan, Energy
8 (a) kV, 132 kV, 33 kV lines & 33 Applicable √ √
2003 department
kV Cables

Approval for Electrical The Electricity Act 2003 and the

Electrical Inspector / Chief
Installations (400 kV, 132 kV, Central electricity Authority
8 (b) Electrical Inspector to Applicable √
33 kV lines, 33 kV Cables and (measures relating to safety and
Government (CEIG)
pooling substation) electric supply) regulations 2010

The Electricity Act 2003 and the

Approval for Electrical Electrical Inspector / Chief
Central electricity Authority
8 (c) Installations (within solar PV Electrical Inspector to Applicable √
(measures relating to safety and
power plant) Government (CEIG)
electric supply) regulations 2010

The Electricity Act 2003 and the

Power and
Central electricity Authority
9 PTCC Permission Telecommunication Applicable √ √
(measures relating to safety and
Coordination Committee.
electric supply) regulations 2010)

Registration of solar Power Registration authority-

10 Rajasthan solar policy -2019 Applicable √
plant RREC

CERC (Connectivity and General

Network Access to the inter-State
Transmission System)
Regulations, 2022 and CERC Power Grid corporation of
11 Grid connectivity to interstate
(Grant of Connectivity, Long-term India as central transmission Not Applicable
(a) transmission system (for park)
Access and Medium-term Open utility (CTU)
Access in inter-State Transmission
and related matters) Regulations,
2009

11 Grid connectivity to state RERC (Terms and Conditions for

RVPN Applicable √
(b) transmission system Open Access) Regulations, 2016

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S. Applicability to
Clearances Acts Approving Agency SPD SPPD
No the Project

CEA regulations and relevant open Power Grid corporation of

12 Installation of meters Applicable √ √
access / GNA regulations India / RVPN

CERC (Connectivity and General

Network Access to the inter-State
Open access for interstate Power Grid corporation of
13 Transmission System)
transmission to ultimate India as central transmission Applicable √
(a) Regulations, 2022 and CERC
consumer utility (CTU)
(Open Access in inter-State
Transmission) Regulations, 2008

Open access intra-state

13 RERC (Terms and Conditions for
transmission to ultimate RVPN Applicable √
(b) Open Access) Regulations, 2016
consumer

Above table also list the clearances required by SPD. Any other statutory permission, if required, will be taken by SPD/SPPD.

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8 PROJECT FINANCIALS

8.1 SOLAR PARK- COST ESTIMATES:

Solar Park cost estimate is based on layout of Solar Park in the allocated land and
infrastructure development as discussed above.

8.1.1 Cost of The Land

The land requirement for solar park will be met by the allotment of Govt. land. The
Clause 15.1 of the Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy, 2019 provides for allotment of
Government Land to Solar Park /Solar Power Projects as per the provisions of
Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment of land for Setting up of Power Plant based
on Renewable Energy Sources) Rules, 2007, as amended from time to time. These
rules provide that:

(i) Lease rent payable on allotted land for setting up of RE power plant shall
be paid annually.

(ii) Annual lease rent shall be charged at the rate of Rs.2500/- per hectare and
such rent shall be liable to be revised after every 10 years and such
enhancement shall not exceed 25% of the rent payable for the period
immediately before such revision.

(iii) Premium of whole of the land allotted for RE Power Plant shall be 10% of
the market price of the land calculated on the basis of market value
determined by DLC.

(iv) After 30 years if lease is renewed for a further period of 10 years, the
premium shall be 10% of the market price of the arrived at by DLC, at the
time of renewal.

(v) Solar Power Park Developer shall be allowed to sub-lease the allotted land
to power producer. Power producer will be liable to pay annual rent and
premium for the whole of the allotted land irrespective of its actual use.

Land allotment (as per land records) for solar park is for [1193.65] hectares at
village Soorasar and [806.35] hectares at village Bhanawatawala DLC rate for
village Bhanawatwala – district Pugal for Barani land is Rs.100706 per hectare for
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

internal area and Rs.129461 per hectare for external area. The cost of land has
been estimated at 110% of average rate of Rs.115084 per hectare i.e. Rs.126592
per hectare. Cost of land along state / National highways are higher. For land
around Attarabad-Pugal Road, acquisition cost has been considered five times up
to 100 Meters strip on either side of the road and three times for 101 to 200 meters
strip on either side of the road. Cost of acquisition of private land of 136.96 hectares
has been considered as indicated by valuer. Accordingly cost of land estimated is
Rs. 4502 lakhs (with stamp duty of 7.5% for registration).

Allotted land does not have any forest land and therefore, no compensation to
Forest Department for plantation has been considered.

Sand dunes are traversing through allotted land for Soorasar – Banawatwala solar
park level differences in park land ranges from 170 m.s.l to 190 m.s.l (khasara no.
161) but most of the khasaras have level difference of 10 meters. Mean ground
level is having a slope from southern end to northern end. Levelling of land for the
internal roads, 1-meter on either side plus 1 meter for 33kV cable trench from solar
plot not adjacent to EHV SS, 132 kV and main 400 kV SS will be caried out by the
RSDCL as SPPD. That for land used for water infrastructure and 33kV and 132
kV transmission lines will be done if required. This has been considered in
respective cost estimates. Levelling of land for individual solar power plant shall be
done by individual power producer (SPD) and has not been considered in cost
estimate.

Fencing of EHV SS and water infrastructure (except for pipelines) will be done by
SPPD. Individual solar plants shall not be fenced by SPPD. SPPD will only provide
marking of their land of the solar park and individual solar power plot. Periphery of
solar park is about 41.6 Km. Marking by pillars, considered at one every 100 meters
and at every corner, will require approx. 450 pillars for solar park boundary
marking. Internal roads are proposed to be provided mostly along boundaries of
solar power plant plots. The length of internal roads is estimated as 42.3 kms.
Marking along park boundaries and internal roads will not cover marking along
entire periphery of the plots. Considering this, pillars for marking of plots are
considered as 1050. Thus for 1500 pillars the estimated cost of Rs. 30 lakhs has
been considered. However, actual cost of pillars will be worked-out when internal
plot boundaries will be finalised by RSDCL.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

8.1.2 Cost of the Electrical Infrastructure:

The cost estimates for substations and lines are based on the Bill of materials
worked out as per SLD of Substations considering switching schemes mentioned
above. Bill of materials and estimated cost include 125 MVAR 400 KV bus shunt
reactor and estimated connectivity charges however capacity of shunt reactor to
be provided and connectivity charges payable to CTU shall be as per the conditions
of connectivity.

Cost estimates of substations are based on RVPN’s latest Stores Issue Rates
(SIR) of Dec22 with 12.5% price escalation for two and half year (i.e up to
commissioning of substations) and 15% where not updated. This is to reflect
change in schedulr of construction. Where, capacity of transformers and shunt
reactor does not match, SIR has been appropriately modified to reflect transformer
capacity and its HV voltage. Cost estimate considers outdoor 33 kV switchyard.

Cost estimate does not include cost of cutting (of sand dunes) and filling and
levelling in substation area (including control room buildings etc).It will be carried
out by SPD as Solar plant design can accommodate undulations of land

Similarly Cost estimates of lines are based on RVPN’s latest estimates per km of
the line length with price escalation as above and also TN transco’s cost estimates
appropriately modified to reflect Rajasthan’s conditions, Line voltage and
conductor configuration and price escalation up to commissioning of the Park.
length of transmission lines is considered on the basis of layout of the park. The
crow flight distance up to Power Grids’s 765 kV substation, to be created at
Lakhusar +20% for line deviations etc is considered as 21.0 km of 400 kV D/C line
from 400 kV Main PPS to Motigarh.

Cost of electrical infrastructure is estimated as Rs. [43920] lakhs. It includes

Rs.[169] lakhs towards deposit work of Jodhpur Vidhyut Vitran Niganm Limited for
creation of 33kV lines from Soorasar 132 kV GSS to four PPS and having 1x500
kVA 33/0.4 kV transformer at each PPS for making temporary construction power
supply to SPDs.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

8.1.3 Cost of the Road & Drainage Infrastructure:

Sriganganagar-Attarbad–Pugal-Bap Road (include in Bharatmala project) passing

through the Solar Park. This will be an approach road to the park from Bikaner city.
From this road, a single lane bituminous road is traversing to Bhanawatawala and
Soorasar villages passing through the Park. All internal roads will be constructed
as single lane (3.75 m wide). Along with all the roads gravel shoulder of 1m wide
at both the sides will be provided and both the sides of all roads will have kachcha
drains, cemented trenches for water pipelines and electrical cables.

Internal roads have been considered along shadow corridor of 132 kV lines and
also along boundary of solar plots in them, such that each plot is provided with
road path to approach road.

Besides this, RSDCL has consented to district collector, Bikaner to provide 30 feet
pathways to private khasras in solar park. Wherever, approach to private khasras
is not provided by internal roads, 9.0- meter wide kachacha pathway is considered.

One 132 kV substation will cater to one solar plot. For the plots, not adjacent to
132 kV substation, two-meter extra corridor is provided along roads for each 33 kV
cable trench or 33 kV d/c overhead line.

Underground water pipelines will be laid in 1-1.25-meter strip of land along roads.
Closed drains are likely to be chocked by collections of sand due to wind and
sandstorms therefore open kachcha drains of storm water (rains) has been
considered along the roads.

Length of roads is estimated as 17.5 km single lane and the estimated cost of road
is Rs. [2277] Lakhs.

8.1.4 Cost of Street Lights:

Cost of streetlight: Road lights have been considered along internal roads of park,
and tee off from Attarabad road to PPS-1 of solar park. one 60-Watt LED light point
at every 25 meters on 7-meter pole height has been considered. The estimated
cost of street lighting is Rs.[383] lakhs.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

8.1.5 Cost of the Water Infrastructure:

IGNP canal is about 14.11 km from Soorasar. Water requirement of Solar Park will
be taken from IGNP and pumped to Raw Water Reservoir at about 14.11 km from
IGNP. Raw water will be stored in tanks at Solar Park. Tank capacity covers water
requirement for 30 days considering annual canal closure. At solar park, raw water
and recycled water shall be treated and pumped to clean water tanks from where
it will be supplied to Solar plots, EHV substation and staff colony through pipe
distribution system to be laid by RSDCL.

Water pipelines from overhead tanks will route along the internal roads such that
each solar power plot has access to water pipeline for their water requirement.
Water will be supplied to solar power plots in turn so that each plot gets on average
1 wash /month. for additional cleaning SPD will have to employ dry cleaning. Water
pipelines from delivery point to their plot will be drawn by power producer. 50% of
supplied water is considered to be recycled. Water infrastructure for collecting
wastewater from delivery point will be created by SPPD.

Water infrastructure cost has been estimated considering these and Estimated cost
of water infrastructure Rs. [1642] lakhs.

Water infrastructure will not be available during construction stage. For making
water available to SPDs, an expenditure of Rs.[78] lakhs have been considered.

8.1.6 Cost of the Green Belt Development:

Cost of planting trees along roads is considered in cost of road infrastructure. For
green belt development at other areas, it is considered as Rs.[100] lakhs. Trees
and shrubs will be pruned to height already detailed.

8.1.7 Connectivity charges:

Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission (Terms and Conditions for Open

Access) Regulations, 2016 provides that the application for long term open access
shall be accompanied by a non-refundable fee of Rs. 100000/- and a bank
guarantee, corresponding to Rs. 10000/MW (Rs. Ten Thousand per MW) of the
total power to be transmitted, valid for a period of one year in favour of STU and
this bank guarantee shall be kept valid and subsisting till the commencement of
long-term open access. It further, provides that if, in the opinion of the State
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

Transmission Utility, further system strengthening of transmission/distribution

system is essential before providing long term open access, the State
Transmission Utility shall intimate the cost estimates etc. within 90 days of the
receipt of the application. Accordingly, application fee, BG charges @0.075% p.a.
and cost of 2 bays of 400 kV substation is considered towards capital cost.

Reg 89 of the Rajasthan Electricity Regulatory Commission (Terms and Conditions

for Tariff determination from Renewable Energy Sources) Regulations, 2020
provides for Grid connectivity charges of Rs. 2.5 Lakh per MW payable by the
Renewable Energy Projects to Transmission Licensee or Distribution Licensee, as
the case may be.

Although connectivity will be fron CTU, but based on above, a lump sum provision
of Rs.2500 lakhs have been considered accordingly to cover application fees, cost
for arranging BGs and advances, if any desired by Power grid, for creation of bays
or meeting any other connectivity conditions.

8.1.8 Any Other Costs: -

Cost estimates cover (i)contingency of legal expenses, theft and loss of materials,
(ii)RSDCL’s head office charges of design, procurement/ bidding and project
monitoring and (iii) community development charges. Same has been considered
@7% of estimated cost.

8.1.9 Total Project Cost (Capital)

The project cost is thus estimate at Rs.51848 lakhs without IDC and Rs. 53897
Lakhs with IDC.

Table 8-1: Total Project Cost

S. Total Cost
Particulars Unit Quantity Unit Rate
No. (Rs. In Lakh)

A Land & Civil Infrastructure Cost

1 Cost of Land:
a Soorasar (Govt. land) Hectare 1144.65 ₹ 1,26,592 ₹ 1,449
i 100 meter along Attrabad - Poogal Road Hectare 24.50 ₹ 6,47,305 ₹ 159
ii 101 to 200 meter along Attrabad - Poogal Road Hectare 24.50 ₹ 3,88,383 ₹ 95
b Bhanawatwala (Govt. Land) Hectare 806.35 ₹ 1,26,592 ₹ 1,021
c Soorasar (Private Land) Hectare 116.46 ₹ 8,88,750 ₹ 1,035
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

S. Total Cost
Particulars Unit Quantity Unit Rate
No. (Rs. In Lakh)
d Bhanawatwala (Private Land) Hectare 20.50 ₹ 9,87,500 ₹ 202
e Sub-total Cost of Land ₹ 3,961
Sub-total Cost of Land with Registration
7.50% 2136.9647 ₹ 4,258
Charges

2 Internal & External Boundry Pillars:

a Soorasar Number 600 ₹ 2,000 ₹ 12
b Bhanawatwala Number 600 ₹ 2,000 ₹ 12
c Solar Park Boundary Number 1000 ₹ 2,000 ₹ 20
Sub-total Internal & External Boundry Pillars ₹ 44

3 Road Infrastructure: Rs. Lakh

9 Meter Single Road with Trenches and
a Kms 17.5 ₹ 130 ₹ 2,277
Plantation Along Roads
b Road Lights LED-60 W including Cables Number 770 ₹ 0.50 ₹ 383
Sub-total Road Infrastructure ₹ 2,660

4 Water Infrastructure:
Water Infrastructure for O&M (50% Water Will
a Number Wash/Year 12 ₹ 1,642
Be Recycled)
Water Infrastructure for During Consruction
b ₹ 78
Phase
Sub-total Water Infrastructure ₹ 1,720

Rs.
5 Other Civil Infrastructure Works:
Lakh/Quarter
a Building works J2 type Quarters Number 4 ₹ 10 ₹ 40
b Waste collection, storage and treatment facility LS ₹ 35
c Warehouse LS ₹ 25
Sub-total Other Civil Infrastructure Works ₹ 100

6 Green Area Development LS ₹ 100

Total - Land & Civil Infrastructure Cost ₹ 8,882

Park Pooling Sub-stations (PPSs) &

B
Transmission Lines Cost
PPS including Office Buildings, Sheds,
1 Rs. Lakh
Dormitories
a 132 kV PPS – 3 250 MW 1 ₹ 4,721 ₹ 4,721
b 132 kV PPS – 1 500 MW 1 ₹ 8,369 ₹ 8,369
c 132 kV PPS – 2 250 MW 1 ₹ 4,721 ₹ 4,721
1000
e 400 kV Main PPS 1 ₹ 13,972 ₹ 13,972
MW
f Communication etc ₹ 133
Sub-total of PPSs (a + b + c + d + e + f) ₹ 31,915
Rs. Lakhs /
2 Transmission Lines
Km
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

S. Total Cost
Particulars Unit Quantity Unit Rate
No. (Rs. In Lakh)
400 kV Double Circuit Line from Soorasar to
a Kms. 21 ₹ 286 ₹ 6,004
PGCIL's Bikaner -III GSS
132 kV Double Circuit twinAl-59( zebra eq) line
b Kms. 5 ₹ 162 ₹ 810
Interconnector (between PPS-3 and PPS-2)
132 kV Quadruple Circuit* twinAl-59(zebra eq)
c line Interconnector (between main 400 kV PPS Kms. 6 ₹ 339 ₹ 2,036
and PPS-2)
*or 2xdouble circuit
132 kV Double Circuit twinAl-59(zebra eq) line
d Interconnector (between Main 400 kV PPS and Kms. 3 ₹ 162 ₹ 486
PPS-1)
e Grid Connectivity Charges ₹ 2,500
Sub-total of Transmission Lines (a + b + c + d
kms 35 ₹ 11,836
+ e)

f Electricity Supply During Construction Phase ₹ 169

Total - Electrical Infrastructure Cost ₹ 43,920

Project cost w/o RSDCL's overhead (staff

C ₹ 52,802
expenses, etc)
D Overheads
i Contingency 3% 1584.06
ii RSDCL Admin. Charges including PMC 1% 528.02
iii Community Development Fund 1% 528.02
iv RSDCL's Overhead (Overall) 5% 2640.10 ₹ 2,640

E Total Project Cost (Excluding IDC) ₹ 55,442

F Interest During Construction (IDC up to COD) 10.50% ₹ 3,648
G Total Project Cost (Including IDC) ₹ 59,090
H Less
i MNRE Grant ₹ 17,727
ii Equity ₹ 4,458
Land Cost + Marking Cost + Overhead
iii ₹ 4,302
(recovered separately)
I Interest from COD to 4 months, when debt = 11554.09 ₹ 360
J Development Charges to be Recovered ₹ 32,962
Capacity of Solar Park (in MW) 1000
K Development Charges ₹ 32.96
Development Charges with Margin 3.00%
L Development Charges per MW (Excl. GST) ₹ 33.95

M First Year O&M Charges per MW (Excl. GST) ₹ 2.33

N Levelized ROE 16.00%

Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner DPR (R2)

8.1.10 O&M Cost Compliance in Line with MNRE OM:

Reduction Considered Modified O&M Charges Ref. to

O&M Charges
S. Capital Cost + with Contracted O&M MNRE's
Particulars Norms Considered As Per Norms Rs. In
No. IDC Works for Electrical Rs. In Lakh circulars etc.
(Rs. Lakhs) Lakh /MW
Infrastructure
1 Land and Plot Marking 4949.28 0% 0.00 0.00
2 Road Infrastructure Streetlight 3060.02 5.00% 153.00 0.15 vide note-1
3 Water Infrastructure 1978.44 5.00% 98.92 0.10 vide note-1
4 Green Areas 115.04 5.00% 5.75 0.01 vide note-1
5 Communication 152.43 5.00% 7.62 0.01 vide note-1
RERC norms (escalated up to FY24-25 as per Vide note-2
6 Electrical Infrastructure (Excluding Communication) 33855.16 1986.88 40% 1192.13 1.19
annual escalation as per RERC reg.)
7 Construction Power Supply 194.56 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 Sub Total (1 to 7) 44304.93 1457.42 1.46
As per tariff for supply of electricity, as per
9 Electricity Charges for Street Light 11.64 0.01 Vide note 3
RERC tariff order#
As per tariff for supply of electricity, as per
10 Electricity Charges for Water Pumping 13.16 0.01 Vide note 3
RERC tariff order
11 Charges for Water Supply from IGNP (LS) As per IGNP tariff, approved by the state Govt 57.88 0.06 vide note 4
12 Sub Total (8 to 11) 1540.11 1.54
13 Insurance Charges (Included in O&M Charges) 3.00% 46.20 0.05 vide note 6
14 Margin in O&M Expenses for Contingency Norms Revision etc. 5.00% 77.01 0.08
15 Sub Total (12 to 14) 1663.32 1.66
Without Income vide note 5
16 ROE First Year 16.0% 557.70 0.56
tax liability
As IDC considered
17 Borrowings to Meet Working Capital Requirement (First Year) 39.25 0.04
up to COD only
18 O&M Charges (Sub Total 15 to 17) 2260.27 2.26
19 Margin on O&M Charges to Cover Regulatory Uncertainties etc. 3% 67.81 0.07
20 O&M Charges Levied from SPDs Excl. GST (18 + 19) 2.33

Note: 1. As per [Link]. 2 of table of 'norms suggested for O&M expenses' attached with MNRE letter dated 12-11-21
2. As per [Link]. 1 of table of 'norms suggested for O&M expenses' attached with MNRE letter dated 12-11-21
3. As per [Link]. 4 of table of 'norms suggested for O&M expenses' attached with MNRE letter dated 12-11-21 considered as charges are for park as a whole
4. As per [Link]. 4 of table of 'norms suggested for O&M expenses' attached with MNRE letter dated 12-11-21 considered as charges are for park as a whole
5. ROE of 16% with adjustment vide [Link].12 is as per [Link]. 3(ii)(c) of MNRE letter dated 15/6/20 for mode 8 scheme
6. Insurance charges is part of administrative charges vide [Link]. 3 of table of 'norms suggested for O&M expenses' attached with MNRE letter dated 12-11-21

P a g e | 121
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

8.2 FINANCIAL VIABILITY:

RSDCL is not a generating company so for transmission of power from Solar power
producer to 400 kV bays of 765 kV Power Grid’s substation, RSDCL (or
transmission system operator) will have to have transmission license unless it is
operated and maintained by a generating company or STU/CTU.

A part of the estimated cost of solar park will be met by grant from MNRE and rest
through (i) equity by own resources of RSDCL and (ii)Debt from Banks, financial
institutions and holding company etc and (iii) receipts from developers.

Receipts and payments during construction and 4 months beyond commissioning

is considered in calculations of phasing of expenses and calculations of IDC. IDC
is calculated up to commissioning of park. Interest charges thereafter is considered
in profit and loss account (for income tax assessment), IRR and development
charges. In brief, release of MNRE grant by SECI is considered as per
achievement of milestones specified in aforesaid scheme as under (where ‘S’ is
the month as per start date of 24/2/22 i.e Feb 22):

(i) 20% in s+19 month (i.e Sep.,t 23) (with Land acquisition (on not less than
50% land acquired).100% land acquisition is likely to take place by this
month.

(ii) 20% in S+19 month (i.e., Sept., 23) (with financial closure)

(iii) 20% in s+22 month (i.e., Dec.23) (with Award of work for pooling stations)

(iv) 25% in S+38 month (i.e. Apr.,25) (with Receipt of material at site for pooling
stations i.e. 2 months before completion)

(v) 15% in S+40 month (i.e., June25) (with Completion of construction of

pooling stations and land development

Development charges have been calculated based on debt (including IDC) less
MNRE grant plus first year ROE to achieve levelized return on equity @16% (post
income tax. Income tax considered as per Profit and loss account), interest charges
on Debt and working capital for 4 month s from [Link] excludes cost of land and
land marking recovered separately. Development charges so worked out based on
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

attached cost estimate and 100% park occupancy will be Rs. [33.95] lakhs / MW.
Cost of land will be extra.

Since 100% land allotment will be completed before allotment of land, so payment
of cost of land by SPD is considered @100% on transfer of land leasing to power
producers in (S+21 month) (i.e., Nov.,23) after their selection.

Payment towards development charges is considered due @20% in S+22 month

(i.e. Dec23), @10% in S+28 (i.e. June,24), @60% in S+40 (i.e. June,25) and
balance @ 10% in S+42 month (i.e. Aug25) and their receipts in next month that is
respectively in Jan24, July24, July25 and Sept., 25

Annual operational cost of transmission of power, water supply and greenery

development etc. payable by the developer will be Rs [2.33] Lakhs per MW/Year
during first year of commissioning which will escalate cumulatively @3.63% per
annum. In addition, every 5th year escalation shall be 5% to account for revision of
norms due to wage revisions etc. Return on equity is affected by income tax
payments. Levelised return of equity (at discount rate), net of income tax, is
determined by adjustment of O&M charges. Thus, the developers will pay one time
development charges @[Rs 33.95] Lakh/MW and cost of acquisition of land at
prevailing DLC rates with taxes and duties as applicable on them. In addition,
developer will pay annually the following with applicable taxes and duties:

(i) Annual operation charges of Rs. [2.33] Lakhs/MW/Year with cumulative

annual escalation @ 3.63% with 5% additional annual escalation in every
5th year
(ii) Water infrastructure will be created, operated and maintained by RSDCL.
Water supply charges has been considered at PHED tariff as part of annual
operation charges. Proportion of O&M charges (for water supply in annual
operation charges is [10.97%]
(iii) Land lease rent as specified by government of Rajasthan from time to time
by the developer.
(iv) Rs. 5.0 lakh/MW/year towards contribution to Rajasthan Renewable
Energy Development Fund (RREDF), for solar power projects set up for
sale of power to parties other than Discoms of Rajasthan, for the entire life
cycle of the project from the time of commissioning.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

Project Internal Rate of Return (IRR) has been worked out based on capital cost,
development charges and annual expenses as above. The broad assumptions for
calculation of IRR are as follows:

(a) Annual land lease rent (including sub lease charges, if any) payable by SPD
and electricity purchase from JdVVNL by SPD are considered as pass
through and as such not considered for IRR determination.
(b) Development cost is considered as realised as brought out above
(c) Annual maintenance expenses with annual escalation rates as above as
payable periodically during the year.
(d) Income tax as per Profit and loss account which is based on:
(i). Development charges paid by developer is uniformly spread over
period of lease and considered as income.
(ii). Cost of land paid by developer is uniformly spread over period of
lease and considered as income.
(iii). Depreciation is considered on capital cost reduced by MNRE grant
and with depreciation rates as per RERC tariff regulations.
(iv). Acquisition cost paid by RSDCL is uniformly spread over 99 years
period of land lease to RSDCL and considered as expense.
(v). Income tax is considered at prevailing rate of 25% plus surcharge
@12% plus education cess @4%

8.3 PROJECTION OF THE COST OF SOLAR POWER IN THE SOLAR PARK:

Utility scale solar power is procured through competitive bidding. The lowest solar
tariff discovered so far is Rs 1.99 per kilowatt hour (kWh) in December 2020. Since
then, the lowest competitive tariffs for utility scale solar PV power have increased
gradually. In 2022, bid tariff hs been Rs.2.29 to Rs. 2.66 per kwh. an average
increase of 24% relative to the record-low tariff. This upward movement is
attributed to an increase in project cost mainly due to surge in commodity prices,
impact of Basic Customs Duty (BCD) and Approved List of Models and
Manufacturers (ALMM) etc. Further, consideration of increase in duty as change in
law may cause increase in PPA tariff as per competitive bid. Tariff may also be
affected by interest rate rise, improvement in domestic supplies of PV modules and
use of PERC / bifacial Technology.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

8.4 SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS:

Based on these IRR of the solar Park Project for 30 years and levelized ROE is
respectively 17.41% and 16.0%. Sensitivity analysis of IRR has been worked out
with changes in one parameter at a time.

Parameters parameter capital Dev. First year

Changed Change of considered cost Charges, O&M First
S. Levelized
with Other Parameters for IRR +IDC, Rs. charges, Year
No. ROE
Remaining in % analysis in Rs. Lakhs Rs. ROE
Unaffected % Lakhs /MW Lakhs/MW
1 Base case N.A 0.00% 17.41% 16.00% 59090.35 33.9500 2.3300 10.13%
development
2 charges 1.00% 4.00% 18.89% 15.99% 59061.81 34.2600 2.3300 10.13%
margin
O&M
expenses
3 1.00% 6.00% 17.42% 16.03% 59090.35 33.9500 2.3500 10.13%
(1st year)
margin
additional
escalation
4 every fifth 1.00% 6.00% 17.08% 15.35% 59090.35 33.9500 2.3300 10.13%
year in O&M
expenses
O&M
charges /
5 recovery 1.00% 6.00% 17.83% 16.54% 59090.35 33.9500 2.3600 10.13%
(1st year)
margin
Return on
6 1.00% 17.00% 18.18% 17.00% 59090.35 33.9500 2.3700 10.85%
equity
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

9 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC IMPACT

9.1 ESTIMATES OF THE JOB CREATION POTENTIAL:

Regarding estimation of job creation potential of Solar Power Projects in India,

there is a study conducted jointly by two research institutes of international repute
namely “Council on Energy, Environment and Water, New Delhi” and “Natural
Resources Defence Council, New York” in August 2014 titled “Solar Power Jobs:
Exploring the Employment Potential in India’s Grid-Connected Solar Market”.

The study report has estimated job potential for Full Time Equivalent (FTE) i.e.
equals to one employee working full time in a year (5 working days and 53 weeks),
for difference phases of development of Solar Plants of various capacities.

As per the report, estimated job potential for Solar Power Plant larger than 25 MW
is as follows:

During Construction & 0.35 FTE/MW for 8.08 FTE/ MW for

Commissioning period Skilled Manpower Unskilled Manpower

During Operations & 0.33 FTE/MW for 0.60 FTE/MW for

Maintenance (O&M) period Skilled Manpower Unskilled Manpower

Accordingly, for Soorasar Solar Park of 1000 MW capacity the estimated job
potential has been worked out as mentioned below:

• 350 number of Skilled and 8080 number of Unskilled Manpower during

Construction & Commissioning works for both SPD & SPPD which includes
construction of Roads, street lighting, water infrastructure, transmission lines,
substations, installation of solar power plants, greenery development etc.

• 330 number of Skilled and 600 number of Unskilled Manpower during

Operations & Maintenance (O&M) of the above referred works.

The job creation includes those other than at solar plant site e.g. scheduling of
power, sales and billing at head office and of contractors for O&M activities.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

Nevertheless, increased supply of electricity at cheaper tariffs would create more

industries, thus creating more jobs and positive impact on overall GDP of the State
and Nation.

9.2 GDP IMPACT IN THE STATE:

GDP is worked out by National Statistical Organisation as the summation of the

following at constant prices as well as Current prices:

(i) Private Final Consumption Expenditure

(ii) Government Final Consumption Expenditure
(iii) Gross Fixed Capital Formation
(iv) Changes in Stocks
(v) Valuables
(vi) (a) Exports of Goods and Services; less
(b) Import of Goods and Services
(vii) Adjustment for discrepancy

GDP worked out for FY21-22 at constant prices and current prices for the country
is respectively Rs. 23664637 crores.

As per budget estimates for FY21-22, State GDP for Rajasthan was Rs.
11,98,348 crores. Thus, Rajasthan contributes 5.06% to Nation’s GDP. Sector
wise GDP data are not available. It has been reported that power sector directly
contributes 2.7% to national GDP. However, electricity is backbone of industrial,
agricultural, service sector and business activities and therefore contributes
significantly to the country’s GDP and as such Nation’s GDP depends on power
sector’s growth. Power shortage can cause a significant dent in GDP. In April 28,
India faced a peak power deficit of 10.29 GW, causing long power cuts across the
country and as per analysis by M/s Ventura Securities, that the overall impact on
the GDP due to power shortage is expected to be a fall of about 1-1.9 per cent.

Solar Park will add to the power generation capacity of the country and will thus
cause reduction in power shortage and enable sustain growth of Nation’s GDP.
Impact on SGDP may not be significant as state having MW RE generation
capacity against MW thermal generation capacity is a power surplus state and a
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

major part of solar generation in Rajasthan will be exported to other states of the
Country.

9.3 ESTIMATED REDUCTION OF CO2 EMISSIONS

Due to the proposed activities of the project in desert region, no changes in climatic
conditions are anticipated.

Central Electricity Authority has published in June 2018 “CO2 Baseline Database
for the Indian Power Sector User Guide Version 13.0”. Accordingly, the CDM
methodologies which have been approved to date by the CDM Executive Board
distinguish a range of different emission factors. In the Indian context, the following
four are most relevant, and were therefore calculated for the Indian Grid based on
the underlying station data:

(5) The weighted average emission factor describes the average CO2 emitted
per unit of electricity generated in the grid. It is calculated by dividing the
absolute CO2 emissions of all power stations by the total net generation. Net
generation from so-called low-cost/must-run sources (hydro and nuclear) is
included in the denominator.

(6) Simple operating margin (OM): The operating margin describes the average
CO2 intensity of the existing stations in the grid which are most likely to
reduce their output if a CDM project supplies electricity to the grid (or reduces
consumption of grid electricity).

(7) Build margin (BM): The build margin reflects the average CO2 intensity of
newly built power stations that will be (partially) replaced by a CDM project.
In accordance with the Grid Tool, the build margin is calculated in this
database as the average emissions intensity of the 20% most recent capacity
additions in the grid based on net generation. The build margin covers units
commissioned in the last five years.

(8) Combined margin (CM): The combined margin is a weighted average of the
simple operating margin and the build margin. By default, both margins have
equal weights (50%). However, CDM project developers may choose to
argue for different weights. In particular, for intermittent and non-dispatchable
generation types such as wind and solar photovoltaic, the Grid Tool allows to
weigh the operating margin and build margin at 75% and 25%, respectively.
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

Accordingly, weighted average emission factor, simple operating margin (OM),

build margin (BM) and combined margin (CM) of the Indian Grid for FY 2016-17
(adjusted for cross-border electricity transfers), are respectively 0.82, 0.96, 0.87,
0.92 t CO2/Mwh. Based on illustration at Table 6 of above document, emission
reduction has been calculated as under. Solar Park will affect CO2, emission
reduction of 1714595 tones /year. This is the beneficial environmental impact.

A Project information:
1 Type Solar Park
2 Size, MW 1000
3 Capacity Utilization factor 21%
4 Projected Annual Generation (net), MWh 1839600
5 Commissioning Year 2025
6 Year of CDM registration -
7 Grid Indian
8 CDM methodology ACM0002 / Version 17.0
B Baseline Emission Factor Calculation:
1 Calculation method Combined Margin
Data vintage for projection of emission For OM: 2016-17
2
reductions: For BM: 2016-17
Data vintage for verification of emission Same as for projection (emission
3
reductions: factor fixed ex ante)
4 Accounting of imports Mandatory
Solar generation from solar park will
be dispatchable.
5 Weights for combined margin:
operating margin: 50%
Build margin: 50%
C Emission Reduction Calculations:
OM= 0.96
1 Values in t CO2/MWh: BM= 0.87
CM= 0.92
2 Projected emission reductions, t of CO2 1692432
If monitored- net generation x fixed
CM margin
3 Actual emission reductions
net generation x fixed combined
margin
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

ENCLOSURE – KHASRA LIST

Government Land Details of Village-Soorasar, Tehsil - Pugal, Bikaner

S. No. Kharsa No. Area in As Per Jamabandi (In Ha.)

1 98 100
2 102 31.9195
3 104/2 29
4 106/2 20
5 109 75.56
6 113 0.5638
7 115 27.7588
8 116 55.3786
9 117 14.5813
10 119 15.8909
11 120/1 0.1644
12 120/2 16.5149
13 127/1 2.466
14 127/2 2.8454
15 127/3 24.4076
16 129 6.8143
17 131 2.9731
18 133 49.5648
19 140 32.5265
20 145 150
21 150 265.2345
22 153 2.2764
23 154 1.4499
24 157 5.7467
25 158 5.5985
26 161 94.93
27 358/110 23.1003
28 360/122 84.1475
29 434/149 52.2392
Total 1193.6529
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

Government Land Details of Village-Bhanawatwala, Tehsil - Pugal, Bikaner

S. No. Kharsa No. Area in As Per Jamabandi (In Ha.)

1 32 5.44
2 33 6.66
3 34 7.18
4 35 0.89
5 36 0.49
6 73 1.46
7 74 34.48
8 75 5.32
9 76 4.64
10 78 0.57
11 79 0.69
12 80 1.36
13 81 20.19
14 82 43.5
15 83 3.20
16 85 4.84
17 118 1.21
18 122 4.44
19 124 2.25
20 125 16.18
21 126 1.86
22 127 5.78
23 128 1.46
24 140 8.41
25 141 57.46
26 146 3.18
27 147 0.27
28 337 2.36
29 338 15.45
30 340 5.07
31 341 16
32 343 12.27
33 344 7.50
34 345 6.03
35 346 20
36 347 5.25
37 350 6.93
38 351 6.48
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

S. No. Kharsa No. Area in As Per Jamabandi (In Ha.)

39 356 20.70
40 357 44.30
41 394 0.3
42 396 2.36
43 399 10.91
44 400 58.25
45 412 3.93
46 415 13.50
47 416 5.70
48 422 29.05
49 424 2.47
50 427 0.85
51 428 4.98
52 429 11.07
53 430 2.52
54 432 18
55 434 2.62
56 435 10.93
57 436 19.95
58 437 8.49
59 444 10.50
60 445 17.37
61 446 11.00
62 447/43 2.57
63 457/340 7.00
64 471/43 1.05
65 472/31 0.65
66 480/400 18.99
67 490/34 1.29
68 491/34 2.11
69 493/84 8.04
70 494/84 0.25
71 495/78 0.48
72 498/83 0.05
73 499/81 2.10
74 500/398 0.20
75 501/85 0.43
76 502/117 1.21
77 504/119 5.95
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

S. No. Kharsa No. Area in As Per Jamabandi (In Ha.)

78 555/334 0.88
79 556/335 5.95
80 564/343 10.25
81 565/240 4.46
82 566/241 2.84
83 588/85 1.25
84 589/83 0.22
85 590/395 71.63
Total 806.35
Development of 1000 MW Capacity Solar Park At Village Soorasar-Bhanawatawala, Bikaner

10 ANNEXURES

10.1 GENERAL LAY OUT PLAN OF PARK

10.2 LAND DRAWING (GOOGLE MAP ALSO)

10.3 INFRASTRUCTURE DETAILS

10.4 INTERNAL POWER MAP

10.5 SUBSTATION DRAWING/SINGLE LINE DIGRAM

10.6 EXTERNAL TRANSMISSION LINK DRAWING (SINGLE LINE DIGRAM)

10.7 POWER EVACUATION SYSTEM DESIGN (COVERED IN THE DPR)

10.8 POWER MAP OF STATE