10/10/2022
RAS MAPPER AND Session 1
TERRAIN PREPARATION
INTRODUCTION TO RAS MAPPER
GEOSPATIAL DATA
Generate maps,
visualize results
Locate model • Import terrain(s)
results in the ‘real • Define terrain using XS
world’ • Display aerials and
shapefiles
Understand
complicated
topographic Validate and
features confirm flood
• Confluences, results
obstructions,
infrastructure
1
10/10/2022
HISTORY
• HEC-GeoRAS, Version 1.0 - March
1999
• Last supported version of GeoRAS
compatible with ArcGIS 10.2
• Transition to RAS Mapper
• Original RAS Mapper versions were
limited
• Significant improvements with HEC-
RAS v5
• Full-featured implementation with HEC-
RAS 6.0
CAPABILITIES
Feature/Capability GeoRAS RAS Mapper
Create 1D Cross Section
YES YES
Geometry
Area Outline – YES
Create 2D Mesh Geometry YES
Cells/Breaklines – NO
Generate Static Result
YES YES
Mapping
Animate Dynamic Result
NO YES
Mapping on the Fly
• GIS (ESRI ArcMap or others) still needed for:
• Topographic data creation/manipulation*
• Detailed map/figure generation
5
ADDING DATA TO RAS MAPPER
2
10/10/2022
DEFINING SPATIAL PROJECTIONS
• First step in setting up RAS Mapper • Find projection file (.prj) in GIS
• Required for all RAS Mapper program data
applications • OR any correctly projected shapefile
• State Plane, UTM, etc.
ADDING MAP LAYERS
• Adding Shapefiles
• Add reference data - streams, roads, critical locations
• Must be ESRI shapefile, not geodatabase
• Adding Web Maps
• Useful as basemap data
• Available Data sources: ArcGIS, Bing Maps, Google Maps, MapQuest, NAIP,
OpenStreetMaps, USGS
• Calculated Layers
• Custom layers generated from existing map layers
• Defined by Visual Basic / C# syntax
• Sample layers provided with default install
DEVELOPING TERRAIN DATA
3
10/10/2022
TOPOGRAPHIC DATA
• Terrain data defines model
geometry for 2D flow
• Possible to combine multiple data
sources
• Topo quality/resolution is very
important
• Large computational cells does
not mean that terrain data can be
low resolution
• Features must be well-defined
10
10
TOPOGRAPHY DATA SOURCES
• Download from gov't agencies
• USGS The National Map
• NRCS Geospatial Data Gateway
• NOAA Data Access Viewer
• Create from lidar, contours, survey
• Points/contours to TIN to DEM (raster)
• Process in GIS client
11
11
TERRAIN DATA FROM RASTER
12
12
4
10/10/2022
TERRAIN DATA FROM RASTER
13
13
TERRAIN DATA FROM RASTER
14
14
TERRAIN DATA FROM RASTER
15
15
5
10/10/2022
TERRAIN DATA FROM RASTER
16
16
TERRAIN DATA FROM RASTER
17
17
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
18
18
6
10/10/2022
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
19
19
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
20
20
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
21
21
7
10/10/2022
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
22
22
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
23
23
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
24
24
8
10/10/2022
TERRAIN DATA FROM TILES
25
25
RASMAPPER TERRAIN DOWNLOAD
RASMapper added the ability to download directly from USGS (v6.2)
Process locates and downloads all selected files in RAS-ready format
26
26
RASMAPPER TERRAIN DOWNLOAD
Filters on data
Select data
Download
27
27
9
10/10/2022
RASMAPPER TERRAIN DOWNLOAD
28
28
RASMAPPER TERRAIN DOWNLOAD
29
29
DATA PROCESSED IN RAS MAPPER
• Steps include:
• Set spatial projection for project
• Load reference map layers/web imagery
• Generate Terrain Layer from elevation data
• Modify Terrain for channels, survey, etc. (optional)
• Compatible file types: GeoTIFF (.tif), Float Raster (.flt), ESRI Grid (.adf)
• RAS generates three files: GeoTIFF (.tif), Virtual Raster Translator (.VRT),
Hierarchical Data Format (.HDF) - optimizes file sizes for efficient
processing
30
30
10
10/10/2022
TERRAINS IN RAS MAPPER
31
31
TERRAINS IN RAS MAPPER
32
32
TERRAINS IN RAS MAPPER
33
33
11
10/10/2022
TERRAINS IN RAS MAPPER
34
34
LAND COVER DATA
35
35
LAND USE/LAND COVER DATA
• Used to set spatially-varied • Data sources: National Land
manning's n roughness Cover Dataset (NLCD), city
coefficients zoning data, manual
delineations
36
36
12
10/10/2022
LAND USE/LAND COVER DATA
37
37
LAND USE/LAND COVER DATA
38
38
LAND USE/LAND COVER DATA
39
39
13
10/10/2022
LAND USE/LAND COVER DATA
40
40
LAND USE/LAND COVER DATA
A4
41
41
MANNING’S-N-VALUES
• Roughness Coefficients are slightly different between 1D and 2D
• Certain variabilities (eddy viscosity, etc.) are accounted for in 2D equations
• References:
• Non-Shallow Flow – Australia Rainfall & Runoff,
HEC-RAS 2D User’s Manual
• Shallow Flow – FLO-2D Reference Manual
42
42
14
10/10/2022
MANNING’S N-VALUES
NLCD n Value
Land Cover Description
Value Range
11 0.025 - 0.05 Open Water - open water, less than 25% vegetation or soil. Natural streams on mild to moderate slopes.
Developed, Open Space - mixture of constructed materials, but mostly vegetation in the form of lawn grasses, such as large-
21 0.03 - 0.05
lot single-family housing units, parks, golf courses, etc. Impervious surfaces cover less than 20%.
22 0.06 - 0.12 Developed, Low Intensity - mixture of constructed and vegetation, mostly single-family housing. Impervious 20% to 49%.
23 0.08 - 0.16 Developed, Medium Intensity - mixture of constructed and vegetation, mostly single-family housing. Impervious 50% to 79%.
Developed High Intensity - highly developed areas where people reside or work in high numbers, such as apartment
24 0.12 - 0.20
complexes, row houses, commercial/industrial. Impervious surfaces cover 80% to 100%.
Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay) - bedrock, desert pavement, volcanic material, glacial debris, sand dunes, strip mines, gravel
31 0.023 - 0.030
pits, other accumulations of earthen material. Generally, vegetation covers less than 15%.
41 0.10 - 0.20 Deciduous Forest - trees taller than 5 meters, greater than 20% of total cover. More than 75% of trees shed foliage.
Evergreen Forest - trees taller than 5 meters, greater than 20% of total cover. More than 75% of trees maintain leaves all year.
42 0.08 - 0.16
Canopy never without green foliage.
Mixed Forest - dominated by trees generally greater than 5 meters tall, greater than 20% of total vegetation cover. Neither
43 0.08 - 0.20
deciduous nor evergreen species dominate.
52 0.07 - 0.16 Shrub/Scrub - dominated by shrubs less than 5 meters tall with canopy greater than 20%.
Grassland/Herbaceous - dominated by herbaceous vegetation, greater than 80% of total vegetation. Not subject to intensive
71 0.025 - 0.05
management but can be utilized for grazing.
81 0.025 - 0.05 Pasture/Hay – grasses planted for livestock grazing or production of seed or hay crops. Pasture/hay greater than 20%.
Cultivated Crops - annual crops, such as corn, soybeans, vegetables, tobacco, and cotton, and also perennial woody crops
82 0.020 - 0.05
such as orchards and vineyards. Crop vegetation greater than 20%. Includes all land being actively tilled.
90 0.045 - 0.15 Woody Wetlands - forest or shrubland greater than 20%, soil is periodically saturated with or covered with water.
95 0.05 - 0.085 Emergent Herbaceous Wetlands - herbaceous vegetation greater than 80%, soil periodically saturated/covered with water.
Source: HEC-RAS 2D User’s Manual, Table 2-1 43
43
MANNING’S N-VALUES
Source: Australian Rainfall & Runoff Revision Projects, Project 15: Two Dimensional
Modelling in Urban and Rural Floodplains, November 2012 44
44
MANNING’S N-VALUES
Manning’s n Values for Shallow
Flow Conditions
(limited application)
Source: FLO-2D Reference Manual,
FLO-2D Software, 2012
45
45
15
10/10/2022
WORKSHOP #1
46
46
RAS MAPPER AND Session 1
TERRAIN PREPARATION
47
16