A PROJECT REPORT

on

ANALYSIS OF CLASS XII

HALF-YEARLY EXAM RESULTS
Submitted to

CAL PUBLIC SCHOOL,HYDERABAD

In partial fulfillment of the requirement for the subject

INFORMATICS PRACTICES
By

NAME: SHIVATHMIKA ROLL NO: 08

NAME: SANJANA ROLL NO: 1
4
NAME: [Link] ROLL NO: 05

Under the Guidance of

[Link]

Faculty- IP,DTI

CAL PUBLIC SCHOOL

Ecil,Sri Ram Nagar, Kapra ,Hyderabad,Secunderabad,Telangana 500062

December, 2025
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled “Analysis of Class XII Half-
Yearly Exam Results” has been successfully executed by T. Sanjana
of 12th MPC under my supervision. The work demonstrates
exceptional dedication, creativity, and a thorough understanding of
Informatics Practices principles.

The project has been completed in accordance with academic standards

and reflects the student’s ability to analyze, design, and implement
innovative solutions. We hereby acknowledge the hard work,
commitment, and originality shown in the completion of this project.

[Link] S.
SANJANA Shivathmika

14 05 08

This is to certify that the above statement made by the candidate(s) is

correct to the best of my knowledge

Date: (Ms. T. MANASA)

Faculty - IP, DTI

The Viva-Voce Examination of the above students, has been held on

………………………

External Examiner Principal

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We sincerely express our gratitude to Ms. Manasa, IP Faculty, for her
invaluable guidance, encouragement, and support throughout the
completion of this project. Her expert advice and continuous
motivation have been instrumental in its successful execution.

We are also grateful to our Principal , [Link] for providing

the necessary facilities and opportunities to carry out this project. Our
appreciation extends to all subject teachers for their cooperation and
encouragement.

Finally, we thank our parents and friends for their unwavering support
and encouragement during the course of this project.
 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
REQUIRED

HARDWARE:-
1. 4GB RAM
2. Intel Core i5 Processor
3. 512 GB SSD Storage

SOFTWARE:-
1. PYTHON 3.10.6

OPERATING SYSTEM:
1. Windows 11
 INDEX

● Introduction to PYTHON………..
● Introduction to MATPLOTLIB………..
● Introduction to PANDAS……….
● Introduction to DATAFRAME ……….
● About the topic…
● CSV File(.XLS)……….
● Source Code.……….
● Output……….
● Result……….
● Bibliography
 Introduction to PYTHON

Python is a widely adopted general-purpose, high-level programming

language. Guido van Rossum created it in 1991, and the Python Software
Foundation has played a pivotal role in its further development. Python was
deliberately crafted with an emphasis on code readability, and its syntax
allows developers to express their ideas with concise and clear code.
Python stands out in the programming world for several reasons, which
contribute to its ever-increasing popularity:

1. Readability and Conciseness: Python's syntax is designed for human

readability, making it an excellent choice for both newcomers and
seasoned programmers. The use of indentation and a straightforward,
English-like syntax enhances code clarity.
2. Concise Expression of Ideas: Python enables programmers to articulate
complex concepts with fewer lines of code, leading to code that is both
shorter and easier to understand. This boosts development efficiency and
maintainability.
3. Versatility in Programming Paradigms: Python supports various
programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative, functional,
and procedural programming. This flexibility allows developers to choose
the best approach for their specific requirements.
4. Abundant Standard Library: Python includes a rich standard library with
built-in functions and modules for a wide range of common programming
tasks. This eliminates the need to reinvent solutions and accelerates
development.
5. Philosophy of Simplicity: Python's core philosophy emphasizes simplicity,
encouraging straightforward and elegant solutions to problems. This is
reflected in the language's design and syntax.

Additionally, Python possesses these notable characteristics:

 ● Interpreted Language: Python is an interpreted language, which
means that code can be executed directly from the source without
a separate compilation step. This promotes quick development and
testing.
● Platform Independence: Python is a platform-independent language,
allowing developers to create and run Python programs on various
operating systems, including Linux, Windows, Macintosh, Solaris, and
more. This promotes cross-platform development.
● Free and Open Source: Python is open-source, granting everyone the
freedom to use, modify, and distribute it. This open nature fosters a
vibrant and supportive community of Python developers.
● High-Level Abstraction: Python is a high-level language that abstracts
many low-level details, such as memory management. This simplifies
development by enabling programmers to focus on problem-solving
rather than dealing with hardware intricacies.
Python's combination of readability, simplicity, versatility, and its
comprehensive standard library makes it a preferred choice for a diverse
array of applications, including web development, data analysis, scientific
computing, and automation. The ongoing support and development by the
Python Software Foundation continue to drive its popularity and
widespread adoption.
 Introduction to
MATPLOTLIB

Matplotlib is a powerful Python library for creating 2D visualizations of

data arrays. Developed by John Hunter in 2002, Matplotlib is a cross-
platform tool that works seamlessly with NumPy arrays and integrates
well with the broader SciPy ecosystem. This library serves as a vital
resource for data scientists and analysts, helping them represent
complex data in easily understandable visual formats. Matplotlib offers a
variety of plotting options, including line plots, bar charts, scatter plots,
histograms, and more.

Key Features of Matplotlib:

[Link] Plot Types: Matplotlib provides a rich set of plotting options,

allowing users to choose the most suitable visualization method for their
data, whether it's time series data, categorical data, or statistical
distributions.

[Link] Interface: Matplotlib offers a procedural interface called Pylab,

which is inspired by MATLAB. This interface simplifies the process of
creating plots, making it more accessible to users familiar with MATLAB.

3. Open-Source Alternative: With its robust capabilities and open-source

nature, Matplotlib, combined with NumPy, serves as cost-effective
alternative to proprietary tools like MATLAB, enabling users to perform
data analysis and visualization without licensing fees.

Development and Versions:

Matplotlib was initially developed by John D. Hunter in 2003. While your
text mentions version 2.2.0 from January 2018, it's worth noting that
Matplotlib has seen significant advancements and updates since then.
The Matplotlib community actively maintains and enhances the library,
continuously improving its features and addressing issues. Users are
encouraged to work with the latest Matplotlib version to benefit from
these ongoing improvements.

In conclusion, Matplotlib is an indispensable resource for Python data

scientists and analysts, offering a wide range of visualization options and
a user-friendly interface. It has evolved significantly since its inception,
remaining a dynamic and essential component of the data visualization
toolkit.
 Introduction to PANDAS

Pandas is a Python library used for working with data sets. It has
functions for analyzing, cleaning, exploring, and manipulating data

The name "Pandas" has a reference to both "Panel Data", and "Python
Data Analysis" and was created by Wes McKinney in 2008.

Pandas allows us to analyze big data and make conclusions based

on statistical theories.

Pandas clean messy data sets, and make them readable and relevant.

Relevant data is very important in data science.

Pandas gives you answers about the data. Like:

● Is there a correlation between two more columns?

● What is the average value?

● Max value?

● Min value?

Pandas are also able to delete rows that are not relevant, containing
wrong values, like empty or NULL values. This is called cleaning the data.
 Introduction to DATAFRAME
Data Frame is a 2-dimensional labelled data structure with columns of
potentially different types. You can think of it like a spreadsheet, SOL
table, or a dictionary of Series objects. It is generally the most commonly
used Panda object.

Along with the data, you can optionally pass index (row labels) and
columns (column labels) arguments.

If you pass an index and/or columns, you are guaranteeing the index
and/or columns of the resulting Data Frame. Thus, a dictionary of Series
plus a specific index will discard all data not matching up to the passed
index.

If axis labels are not passed, they will be constructed from the input data
based on common sense rules.
 ABOUT THE TOPIC

Explore the Class 12 half- yearly exam results using

Python and Pandas. This analysis uncovers valuable
insights into student performance, aiding educators in
identifying strengths, weaknesses, and areas for
improvement. Python's efficiency and Pandas' data
manipulation capabilities synergize to streamline
statistical analysis, offering a data- driven approach to
inform educational strategies.
 CSV FILE[.XLS]
ROLL NUMBERS NAME ENGLISH MATH PHYSICS CHEMISTRY IP

1 MAJID 67 40 38 45 38

2 FARHAN 56 42 38 43 42

3 GAYATRI 74 70 67 64 57

4 MUKILAN 65 43 40 40 35

5 PUNEET 69 52 45 47 40

6 PRAKASH 75 71 68 67 62

7 RATNOMIT 52 54 42 44 45

8 SHIVATHMIKA 74 75 68 65 63

9 OMKAR GATTU 68 52 40 42 46

10 VISHWANATH 65 48 45 48 48

11 SATWIK 63 45 42 43 40

12 RISHIK 58 37 40 40 38

13 DIYA 45 35 38 42 42

14 SANJANA 65 60 66 51 50

15 ARSLAN 70 62 58 48 52

16 HARI HARAN 72 67 60 54 57

17 KRISTIN 67 50 42 48 55
SOURCE CODE
 DATA VISUALISATION
1. OPTION 1- LINE GRAPH

2. OPTION 2- VERTICAL BARGRAPH

3. OPTION 3- HORIZONTAL BARGRAPH

4. OPTION 4- HISTOGRAM
 DATA MANIPULATION
1. OPTION 1- INSERT A COLUMN IN THE DATAFRAME

RESULT
2. OPTION 2- INSERT A ROW IN THE DATAFRAME

RESULT
3. OPTION 3- DELETE A COLUMN IN THE
DATAFRAME

RESULT
4. OPTION 4- DELETE A ROW IN THE DATAFRAME

RESULT
5. OPTION 5- RENAME A COLUMN IN THE DATAFRAME

RESULT
 DATA ANALYSIS
OPTION 1- SORT THE DATAFRAME ON THE BASIS OF
NAME

OPTION 2- SORT THE DATAFRAME ON THE BASIS OF

MATH MARKS
OPTION 3- SORT THE DATAFRAME ON THE BASIS OF
ENGLISH MARKS

OPTION 4- SORT THE DATAFRAME ON THE BASIS OF

PHYSICS MARKS
OPTION 5- SORT THE DATAFRAME ON THE BASIS OF
CHEMISTRY MARKS

OPTION 6- SORT THE DATAFRAME ON THE BASIS OF IP

MARKS
OPTION 7- ROLL NUMBER WITH MAXIMUM MARKS

OPTION 8- ROLL NUMBER WITH MINIMUM MARKS

 STATISTICAL
ANALYSIS
OPTION 1- TO FIND PERCENTILE OF THE DATAFRAME

OPTION 2- TO FIND STANDARD DEVIATION

OPTION 3- TO FIND VARIANCE
 RESULT
Thus, the Python program was executed successfully
using the Pandas, NumPy, and Matplotlib libraries to
analyze the academic performance of Class XII
students. The dataset was imported from a CSV file
and stored in a DataFrame for further processing.
The program efficiently performed data
manipulation operations such as inserting and
deleting rows and columns, renaming columns, and
updating the dataset based on user input. In
addition, data visualization techniques including line
graphs, bar graphs, and histograms were used to
represent the students’ marks graphically.
Furthermore, data analysis operations like sorting
the data based on different subjects and identifying
students with maximum and minimum marks were
carried out accurately. Statistical analysis functions
such as percentile calculation, standard deviation,
variance, and descriptive statistics were also
executed successfully. The results obtained from
 each operation were accurate and helped in better
understanding and interpretation of the dataset.
Hence, the objectives of the experiment were
achieved successfully.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

● BIBLIOGRAPHY

● [Link]- diagram purpose

● [Link]

● [Link]

● [Link]

● [Link] -csv file

● [Link] -csv file

● [Link]

● [Link]

● [Link]