CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

----2-D ARRAY PROGRAM—

1. WAP to find sum of all elements in m*n matrix //find sum of all elements
#include<stdio.h> for(i=0; i<m; i++){
#include<conio.h> for(j=0; j<n; j++){
int main(){ sum=sum+a[i][j];
int a[100][100], m, n, i, j, sum=0; }
printf("Enter the size of row of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d", &m); printf(“\nThe sum of elements is:%d”, sum);
printf("Enter the size of column of matrix:"); getch();
scanf("%d", &n); return 0;
}
//input matrix
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j);
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
}
//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t", a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

2. WAP to find transpose m*n matrix (transpose of matrix is //Calculating transpose

obtained by exchanging row and columns). for(i=0; i<m; i++){
#include<stdio.h> for(j=0; j<n; j++){
#include<conio.h> b[j][i]=a[i][j];
void main(){ }
int a[100][100], b[100][100] ,m, n, i, j; }
printf("Enter the size of row of matrix:"); //outputing transpose (row=n and column=m)
scanf("%d",&m); printf("\nThe Transpose of %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
printf("Enter the size of column of matrix:"); for(i=0; i<n; i++){
scanf("%d",&n); for(j=0; j<m; j++){
//input matrix printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
for(i=0;i<m;i++){ }
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ printf(“\n”);
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); getch();
} }
}
//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

3. WAP to find sum of only even elements in m*n matrix

#include<stdio.h> //find sum of only even elements
#include<conio.h> for(i=0; i<m; i++){
int main(){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum=0; if(a[i][j]%2==0){
printf("Enter the size of row of matrix:"); sum=sum+a[i][j];
scanf("%d",&m); }
printf("Enter the size of column of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); }
printf(“\nThe sum even elements is:%d”, sum);
//input matrix
for(i=0;i<m;i++){ getch();
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ return 0;
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}

//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

4. WAP to find sum of odd and even elements in m*n //find sum of even and odd elements
matrix. for(i=0; i<m; i++){
#include<stdio.h> for(j=0; j<n; j++){
#include<conio.h> if(a[i][j]%2==0){
int main(){ esum=esum+a[i][j];
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, esum=0, osum=0; }
printf("Enter the size of row of matrix:"); else{
scanf("%d",&m); osum=osum+a[i][j];
printf("Enter the size of column of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&n);
//input matrix }
for(i=0;i<m;i++){ }
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ printf(“\nThe sum odd elements is:%d”, osum);
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); printf(“\nThe sum even elements is:%d”, esum);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
} getch();
} return 0;
//output matrix }
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

5. WAP to find sum of main diagonal (also called trace of //find sum of main diagonal elements
matrix) of n*n square matrix for(i=0; i<n; i++){
#include<stdio.h> for(j=0; j<n; j++){
#include<conio.h> if(i==j){
int main(){ sum=sum+a[i][j];
int a[100][100], n, i, j, sum=0; }
printf("Enter the size of square of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); }
printf(“\nThe sum main diagonal elements is:%d”, sum);
//input matrix
for(i=0;i<n;i++){ getch();
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ return 0;
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}

//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n);
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

6. WAP to find sum of right diagonal of n*n square matrix //find sum of right diagonal elements
#include<stdio.h> for(i=0; i<n; i++){
#include<conio.h> for(j=0; j<n; j++){
int main(){ if((i+j)==(n-1)){
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum=0; sum=sum+a[i][j];
printf("Enter the size of square of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); }
}
//input matrix printf(“\nThe sum of right diagonal elements is:%d”, sum);
for(i=0;i<n;i++){ getch();
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ return 0;
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}

//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n);
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

7. WAP to find highest element of m*n matrix. //finding highest element

#include<stdio.h> max=a[0][0];
#include<conio.h> for(i=0; i<m; i++){
int main(){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, max; if(a[i][j]>max){
printf("Enter the size of row of matrix:"); max=a[i][j];
scanf("%d",&m); }
printf("Enter the size of column of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); }
printf(“\nThe Highest elements is:%d”, max);
//input matrix
for(i=0;i<m;i++){ getch();
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ return 0;
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}

//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

8. WAP to find highest and lowest element of m*n matrix. //finding highest element
#include<stdio.h> low=a[0][0];
#include<conio.h> high=a[0][0];
int main(){ for(i=0; i<m; i++){
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, low,high; for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("Enter the size of row of matrix:"); if(a[i][j]<low){
scanf("%d",&m); low=a[i][j];
printf("Enter the size of column of matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); if(a[i][j]>high){
high=a[i][j];
//input matrix }
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ }
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); printf(“\nThe lowest elements is:%d”, low);
} printf(“\nThe highest elements is:%d”, high);
}
getch();
//output matrix return 0;
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n); }
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

9. WAP to find norm of m*n square matrix. (The norm is //finding norm of matrix element
defined as the square root of the sum of squares of all for(i=0; i<m; i++){
elements in the matrix) for(j=0; j<n; j++){
#include<stdio.h> sum = sum+(a[i][j]*a[i][j]);
#include<conio.h> }
#include<math.h> }
int main(){ norm = sqrt(sum);
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum; printf(“\nThe norm of matrix is:%f”, norm);
double norm;
printf("Enter the size of row of matrx:"); getch();
scanf("%d",&m); return 0;
printf("Enter the size of column of matrx:"); }
scanf("%d",&n);
//input matrix
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

10. WAP to find sum of individual rows of m*n matrix. //finding sum of individual rows
#include<stdio.h> for(i=0; i<m; i++){
#include<conio.h> sum=0;
int main(){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum; sum = sum+a[i][j];
printf("Enter the size of row of matrx:"); }
scanf("%d",&m); printf(“\nSum of %d Row :%d”,i , sum);
printf("Enter the size of column of matrx:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); getch();
return 0;
//input matrix }
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}

//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

11. WAP to find sum of individual columns of m*n matrix. //finding sum of individual columns
#include<stdio.h> for(i=0; i<m; i++){
#include<conio.h> sum=0;
int main(){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum; sum = sum+a[j][i];
printf("Enter the size of row of matrx:"); }
scanf("%d",&m); printf(“\nSum of %d Column :%d”,j , sum);
printf("Enter the size of column of matrx:"); }
scanf("%d",&n); getch();
return 0;
//input matrix }
for(i=0;i<m;i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j);
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}

//output matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m, n);
for(i=0; i<m; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

12. WAP to add two n*n square matrix (Two matrices may //output First matrix
be added or subtracted only if they have the same dimension; printf("\nThe first %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n);
that is, they must have the same number of rows and for(i=0; i<n; i++){
columns.) for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
#include<stdio.h> }
#include<conio.h> printf(“\n”);
int main(){ }
int a[100][100], b[100][100] , c[100][100], n, i, j;
printf("Enter the size of square matrx:"); //output Second matrix
scanf("%d",&n); printf("\nThe Second %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n);
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
//input First matrix for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf(“\nEnter First array elements:\n”); printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
for(i=0;i<n;i++){ }
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ printf(“\n”);
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
}
}
//input Second array //Adding two matrix
printf(“\nEnter Second array elements:\n”); for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(i=0;i<n;i++){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
printf("Enter b[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]); }
}
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

//output Added array

printf("\nThe Added %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n);
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
return 0;
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

13. WAP to find upper triangular matrix of n*n square //calculating upper triangular
matrix. (The upper triangular matrix is a special type of for(i=0; i<n; i++){
square matrix that has all the elements below the main for(j=0; j<n; j++){
diagonal as zero.) if(i>j){
#include<stdio.h> a[i][j]=0;
#include<conio.h> }
int main(){ }
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum; }
printf("Enter the size square matrix:"); //output upper triangular matrix
scanf("%d",&n); printf("\nThe upper triangular matrix is:\n”);
//input matrix for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(i=0;i<n;i++){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); printf(“\n”);
} }
}
//output matrix getch();
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n); return 0;
for(i=0; i<n; i++){ }
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

14. WAP to find Lower triangular matrix of n*n square //calculating lower triangular
matrix. (The Lower triangular matrix is a special type of for(i=0; i<n; i++){
square matrix that has all the elements above the main for(j=0; j<n; j++){
diagonal as zero.) if(j>i){
#include<stdio.h> a[i][j]=0;
#include<conio.h> }
int main(){ }
int a[100][100],m, n, i, j, sum; }
printf("Enter the size square matrix:"); //output lower triangular matrix
scanf("%d",&n); printf("\nThe lower triangular matrix is:\n”);
//input matrix for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(i=0;i<n;i++){ for(j=0; j<n; j++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){ printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j); }
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); printf(“\n”);
} }
} getch();
//output matrix return 0;
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",n, n); }
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(j=0; j<n; j++){
printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

15. WAP to Multiply two m*n matrix.( For matrix

multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix(n1) must //input first matrix
be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix(m2) The printf(“\nEnter first matrix:\n”);
result matrix has the number of rows of the first and the number of
for(i=0;i<m1;i++){
columns of the second matrix i.e. resultant matrix is m1*n2)
for(j=0; j<n1; j++){
#include<stdio.h> printf("Enter a[%d][%d] element:", i, j);
#include<conio.h> scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
#include<stdlib.h> }
void main(){ }
int a[100][100], b[100][100], c[100][100], m1,m2, n1,
n2, i, j, k, sum=0;
printf("Enter the size of row of first matrix:"); //input Second matrix
scanf("%d",&m1); printf(“\nEnter second matrix:\n”);
for(i=0;i<m2;i++){
printf("Enter the size of column of first matrix:"); for(j=0; j<n2; j++){
scanf("%d",&n1); printf("Enter b[%d][%d] element:", i, j);
scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
printf("Enter the size of row of Second matrix:"); }
scanf("%d",&m2); }

printf("Enter the size of column of Second matrix:"); //output First matrix

scanf("%d",&n2); printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m1, n1);
for(i=0; i<m1; i++){
if(n1!=m2){ for(j=0; j<n1; j++){
printf(“\matrix multiplication not possible”); printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);
exit(0); }
} printf(“\n”);
}
 CHAPTER: 5 ARRAYS & STRINGS 2-D ARRAY

//output Second matrix

printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m2, n2);
for(i=0; i<m2; i++){
for(j=0; j<n2; j++){
printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
//Multiplying two matrix
for(i=0; i<m1; i++){
for(j=0; j<n2; j++){
for(k=0; k<n1; k++){
sum=sum+a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
c[i][j]=sum;
sum=0;
}
}
//output Multiplied matrix
printf("\nThe %d*%d matrix is:\n",m1, n2);
for(i=0; i<m1; i++){
for(j=0; j<n2; j++){
printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);
}
printf(“\n”);
}
getch();
}