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Hypothesis Testing Answers

The document provides two examples of statistical hypothesis testing. The first example involves a soft drink bottling company where evidence suggests the mean volume of bottles is less than 500 ml, leading to a rejection of the null hypothesis. The second example concerns a bus company where the average travel time is found to exceed 90 minutes, also resulting in a rejection of the null hypothesis.

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115 views2 pages

Hypothesis Testing Answers

The document provides two examples of statistical hypothesis testing. The first example involves a soft drink bottling company where evidence suggests the mean volume of bottles is less than 500 ml, leading to a rejection of the null hypothesis. The second example concerns a bus company where the average travel time is found to exceed 90 minutes, also resulting in a rejection of the null hypothesis.

Uploaded by

boazihuruma5
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Statistical Hypothesis Testing Examples

Example 1: Soft Drink Bottling Company


Problem:
A bottling company claims that the average volume of its soft drink bottles is 500 ml. A quality
control officer suspects that the actual mean volume is less than 500 ml.

Sample: 36 bottles
- Sample mean, x-bar = 495 ml
- Population standard deviation, sigma = 12 ml

Step 1: Hypotheses
- H0: mu = 500 ml
- H1: mu < 500 ml (left-tailed test)

Step 2: Significance Level


- alpha = 0.05

Step 3: Test Statistic


- Z = (x-bar - mu) / (sigma / sqrt(n))

Step 4: Calculation
Z = (495 - 500) / (12 / sqrt(36))
Z = -5 / (12 / 6)
Z = -5 / 2 = -2.5

Step 5: Critical Value


- Z_critical = -1.645

Step 6: Decision
- Calculated Z = -2.5 < -1.645
- Reject H0

Step 7: Conclusion
- There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the mean bottle volume is less than 500 ml.
Example 2: Bus Travel Time
Problem:
A bus company claims that the average time taken to complete a route is 90 minutes. An analyst
suspects that traffic increases travel time.

Sample: 25 trips
- Sample mean, x-bar = 94 minutes
- Sample standard deviation, s = 10 minutes

Step 1: Hypotheses
- H0: mu = 90 minutes
- H1: mu > 90 minutes (right-tailed test)

Step 2: Significance Level


- alpha = 0.05

Step 3: Test Statistic


- t = (x-bar - mu) / (s / sqrt(n))

Step 4: Calculation
t = (94 - 90) / (10 / sqrt(25))
t = 4 / (10 / 5)
t = 4 / 2 = 2.0

Step 5: Critical Value


- df = n - 1 = 24
- t_critical = 1.711

Step 6: Decision
- Calculated t = 2.0 > 1.711
- Reject H0

Step 7: Conclusion
- There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the average travel time is more than 90 minutes.

Decision-Making Interpretation:
- Soft drink example: Bottles are underfilled, corrective action needed.
- Bus example: Travel time exceeds expected time, may require schedule adjustments.

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