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RoadMap Search Engine

The document outlines a 12-month roadmap for building a search engine, divided into nine phases. Each phase focuses on specific goals, tasks, and technologies, ranging from foundational knowledge and web crawling to machine learning ranking and deployment. By the end of the roadmap, participants will have developed a fully deployed niche search engine and gained qualifications for various technical roles.

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saiyad.hussain257
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5 views8 pages

RoadMap Search Engine

The document outlines a 12-month roadmap for building a search engine, divided into nine phases. Each phase focuses on specific goals, tasks, and technologies, ranging from foundational knowledge and web crawling to machine learning ranking and deployment. By the end of the roadmap, participants will have developed a fully deployed niche search engine and gained qualifications for various technical roles.

Uploaded by

saiyad.hussain257
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

6–12 MONTH SEARCH ENGINE ROADMAP

PHASE 0: Foundations (Weeks 1–4)


Goals
 Understand how search engines work internally
 Build strong basics in text processing + systems thinking
Learn
 How the web works (HTTP, HTML, DNS)
 Basic data structures (hash maps, trees, heaps)
 Databases (SQL basics)
 Linux & Git
Must-know concepts
 Tokenization
 Inverted index
 Big-O complexity
 REST APIs
Mini tasks
✔ Write a program that:
 Reads text files
 Builds a word → document index
 Searches documents by keyword
PHASE 1: Web Crawler (Month 2)
Goals
 Crawl real websites
 Store and manage URLs
 Respect crawling rules
Build
 Single-threaded crawler
 URL queue
 HTML parser
 Link extractor
Features to add
 Depth limit
 Duplicate URL detection
 [Link] compliance
 Crawl delay per domain
Tech
 Python
 requests / aiohttp
 BeautifulSoup
 SQLite / PostgreSQL
Deliverable
✔ Crawl 5,000–10,000 pages
✔ Store:
 URL
 HTML
 Crawl timestamp
PHASE 2: Indexing System (Month 3)
Goals
 Convert crawled pages into searchable data
Build
 HTML → clean text parser
 Tokenizer
 Stop-word remover
 Stemming / lemmatization
 Inverted index
Core concept
word → [doc_id, frequency, positions]
Tech
 Python
 NLTK / spaCy
 Elasticsearch or OpenSearch
Deliverable
✔ Search engine that can:
 Search keywords
 Return matching pages
 Rank by basic relevance

PHASE 3: Ranking Algorithms (Month 4)


Goals
 Understand how Google decides “best result”
Implement
1. TF-IDF
2. BM25
3. PageRank (VERY IMPORTANT)
PageRank steps
 Build link graph
 Iteratively calculate scores
 Combine with text relevance
Deliverable
✔ Results now look intelligent, not random

PHASE 4: Query Processing (Month 5)


Goals
 Improve search quality
Add
 Query normalization
 Spell correction
 Synonyms
 Phrase search
 Boolean queries (AND / OR)
Bonus
 Language detection
 Basic intent detection
Deliverable
✔ User can search like:
"best python tutorial"
python AND machine learning
PHASE 5: Machine Learning Ranking (Month 6–7)
Goals
 Introduce AI-based ranking like Google
Learn
 Learning to Rank (LTR)
 Feature engineering
 Click-through data
Features
 PageRank score
 Term frequency
 Title match
 Page length
 Freshness
Models
 XGBoost
 LightGBM
 Simple neural network
Deliverable
✔ ML model ranks results better than rules alone

PHASE 6: System Design & Scaling (Month 8–9)


Goals
 Make it production-ready
Implement
 Distributed crawler
 Sharded index
 Caching (Redis)
 Load balancer
 Fault tolerance
Concepts
 CAP theorem
 Horizontal scaling
 Latency optimization
Deliverable
✔ Handles 100k–1M pages
✔ Search returns results < 300 ms

PHASE 7: Spam, Quality & Safety (Month 10)


Goals
 Stop bad content from ranking
Add
 Duplicate content detection
 Keyword stuffing detection
 Link spam detection
 Page quality scoring
Deliverable
✔ Search quality feels “clean”

PHASE 8: Frontend & UX (Month 11)


Build
 Search UI
 Autocomplete
 Filters
 Pagination
 Snippets
Tech
 React / [Link]
 Tailwind CSS
Deliverable
✔ Looks like a real product

PHASE 9: Niche Engine + Deployment (Month 12)


Choose a niche
Examples:
 Academic papers
 News articles
 Jobs
 Legal documents
 Programming tutorials
Deploy
 Cloud (AWS / GCP)
 Docker
 CI/CD
Deliverable
✔ Fully deployed niche search engine
✔ Portfolio-grade project

END RESULT AFTER 12 MONTHS


You will:
 Understand Google at system-design level
 Build a real search engine
 Be qualified for:
o Backend roles
o Search/IR roles
o System design interviews

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