CHAPTER 2

Name Lesson 4
Combine Place Values to Subtract
I Can combine place values to subtract 3-digit numbers.

UNLOCK the Problem Real

World
Elena collected 431 bottles for
• What do you need to find?
recycling. Pete collected 227 fewer
bottles than Elena. How many bottles
did Pete collect? • Circle the numbers you need to use.

Combine place values to find the d

­ ifference.

A Subtract. 431 – 227

Estimate. 400 – 200 = __
Look at the ones place. Since 7 > 1, combine place
STEP 1  ​  4  3  1
    Think: 31 – 27
values. Combine the tens and ones places. There are −  2  2  7
__
31 ones and 27 ones. Subtract the ones. Write 0 for   
the tens.

STEP 2 Subtract the hundreds. ​    

431​
−227
__
So, Pete collected __ bottles. 04

Since __ is close to the estimate Math Reason abstractly and

Talk MP
quantitatively.
of __ , the answer is reasonable. Explain why there is a zero in
the tens place.

B Subtract. 513 – 482

Estimate. 510 – 480 = __
   
​  5  1  3
STEP 1 Subtract the ones.
−  4  8  2
__
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

  

Look at the tens place. Since 8 > 1, combine place

STEP 2 
values. Combine the hundreds and tens places.    
​   5  1  3​ Think: 51 – 48
There are 51 tens and 48 tens. Subtract the tens. −  4  8  2
__
  1

So, 513 – 482 = __.

Chapter 2 • Lesson 4   55

 Example Combine place values to find 500 – 173.

Estimate. 500 – 175 = __

STEP 1 Look at the ones and STEP 2 Subtract the STEP 3 Subtract the
tens places. Since 3 > 0 and ones. tens.
7 > 0 , combine the hundreds
Think: 10 – 3 Think: 49 – 17
and tens.
There are 50 tens. Regroup 50
tens as 49 tens 10 ones.

4 9 10 4 9 10 4 9 10
​​ ​5​​ ​  ​0​​ ​ ​  0​​  ​​​
    ​​ ​5​​ 
    ​  ​0​​ ​ ​  0​​  ​​​ ​​ ​5​​ 
    ​  ​0​​ ​ ​  0​​  ​​​
−1  7  3
__ −1  7  3
__ −1  7  3
__
     7

So, 500 – 173 = __.

Math Look for and make use of
Talk MP
structure.
Explain why you combined
the hundreds and tens.
Try This! Find 2,851 ∙ 1,448 ∙ 1,403 in two ways.
Estimate. 2850 – 1450 = __

A Use place value. B Combine place values.

​     
2, 8 5 1 ​     
2, 8 5 1 Think: Combine tens
–1,
__ 448 –__ 1, 4 4 8 and ones.

1. When does the combine place values strategy make it

easier to find the difference? Explain. © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

2. Which strategy would you use to find 3,431 – 1,249? Explain.

56 Go Math! Grade 4
 Name
Math Construct arguments and
Share and Show Math
Board Talk MP
critique reasoning of others.
Explain how to combine
1. Combine place values to find 406 – 274. place values.

​     
406 Think: Subtract the ones. Then
combine the hundreds and
–274
__ tens places.

Estimate. Then find the difference.

2. Estimate: _ 3. Estimate: _ 4. Estimate: _ 5. Estimate: _

​     
595 ​     
728 ​     
543 ​     
600
–286
__ –515
__ –307
__ –453
__

On Your Own
Estimate. Then find the difference.
6. Estimate: _ 7. Estimate: _ 8. Estimate: _ 9. Estimate: _

​     
438 ​     
706 ​     
839 ​     
916
–257
__ –681
__ –754
__ –558
__

10. A train travels a distance of 872 miles. 11. Denzel wants to subtract 517 ∙ 183.
Then it travels another 342 miles. How can he combine the place values
The train then travels another 403 to find the difference?
miles. How many more miles does
the train travel on the first part of the
trip than on the second and third trips ______
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

combined? ______
______ ______
Estimate. Then solve.

12. 457 – 364 13. 652 – 341 14. 700 – 648 15. 963 – 256

Chapter 2 • Lesson 4   57

 Problem Solving · Applications Real
World

Use the table for 16–18.

Roller Coaster Heights
16. MP The table shows the heights of Height
Roller Coaster State
some roller coasters in the United States. in Feet

How much taller is Kingda Ka than Titan? Titan Texas 245

Kingda Ka New Jersey 456
Intimidator 305 Virginia 305
Top Thrill Dragster Ohio 420
17. Jason rode two roller coasters with a
difference in height of 115 feet. Which
roller coasters did Jason ride?
Show the Math
Demonstrate Your Thinking

18. What if another roller coaster was 500 feet

tall? Which roller coaster would be 195 on the
feet shorter? Spot

19. Owen solves this problem. He says

the difference is 127. Explain the
mistake Owen made. What is the
correct difference?
​     
335
–__ 218

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

58 Go Math! Grade 4
 LESSON 2.4
Name
Practice and Homework
Combine Place Values to Subtract

Estimate. Then find the difference.

200
1. Estimate: _ 2. Estimate: _ 3. Estimate: _ 4. Estimate: _

476
​       615
​       508
​       716
​      
−
__269 −
__342 −
__113 −
__229

5. Estimate: _ 6. Estimate: _ 7. Estimate: _ 8. Estimate: _

826
​       900
​       607
​       973
​      
− 617
__ − 158
__ − 568
__ − 869
__

Problem Solving Real

World

9. Bev scored 540 points. This was 10. A youth group earned $285 washing
138 points more than Isaiah scored. cars. The group’s expenses were $79.
How many points did Isaiah score? How much profit did the group make
washing cars?

_____ _____

11. Write Math Explain how to combine place values to

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

find 223 – 119.

Chapter 2 • Lesson 4   59

Lesson Check
12. A television program lasts for 13. Salil spent 215 minutes at the library.
142 minutes. Of that time, 36 minutes Of that time, he spent 120 minutes
are taken up by commercials. What on the computer. How much of his
is the length of the actual program time at the library did Salil NOT
without the commercials? spend on the computer?

Spiral Review
14. Xavier’s older brother has 568 songs 15. U.S. Route 60 runs two thousand, six
on his music player. To the nearest hundred fifty-five miles from Virginia
hundred, about how many songs are Beach, Virginia to Brenda, Arizona.
on the music player? What is this number written in
standard form?

16. Callie has 532 postcards from the 17. There were 475 seats set up for the
United States in her collection. She school play. At one performance,
has 109 postcards that are from 189 of the seats were empty.
different countries. How many How many seats were filled at
postcards does Callie have in her that performance?
collection?
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

60  Go Math! Grade 4

 CHAPTER 2

Name Lesson 5
Model and Solve Two-Step Addition and
Subtraction Problems
I Can solve two-step addition and subtraction problems.

UNLOCK the Problem Real

World
Sami scored 1,084 points in the first round of a new
computer game. He scored 21 more points in the
second round than in the first round. What was
Sami’s total score?

Read the Problem

 What do I need to What information do How will I use the
find? I need to use? information?
I need to find Sami scored _ I will draw a bar model to
points in the first round. show the number of points
____. Sami scored in each
He scored _ more round. Then I will use the
points than that in the bar model to decide which
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: ©Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/Blend Images/Getty Images

second round. operation to use.

Solve the Problem
• Complete the bar model to show the • Complete another bar model to
number of points Sami scored in the show Sami’s total score.
second round. points

Round 1 points points

points

Round 2 points points

   __ + __ = ■    __ + __ = ▲
     __ = ■          __ = ▲

1. How many points did Sami score in the second round? __

2. What was Sami’s total score? __

Chapter 2 • Lesson 5   61

Try Another Problem
Anna scored 265 points in a computer game. Gregoire scored
142 points. How many more points did Anna score than Gregoire?

You can use a bar model to solve the problem.

Read the Problem

What do I need to What information do How will I use the
find? I need to use? information?

Solve the Problem

Record the steps you used to solve the problem.

Anna points

Gregoire points
points

3. How many more points did Anna score than Gregoire?

4. How do you know your answer is reasonable? Math

Talk MP Model with mathematics.

Explain how the length of

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

each bar in the model would

change if Gregoire scored
more points than Anna but
the totals remained the
same.

5. How did your drawing help you solve the problem?

62 Go Math! Grade 4
 Name

Share and Show Math

Board

1. Sara received 73 votes in the school

election. Ben received 25 fewer votes than Sara.
How many students voted?
Sara votes
First, find how many students voted for Ben.
Think: 73 − 25 = ■
Ben votes
Write the numbers in the bars. votes
So, Ben received _ votes. votes
=
Next, find the total number of votes.
Think: 73 + 48 = ▲ votes votes

Write the numbers in the bars. votes

So, __ students voted. = votes

2. If Ben received 73 votes and Sara received 25 fewer

votes than Ben, how would your bar models change?
Would the total votes be the same? Explain.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: ©HMH

On Your Own

3. What if there were 3 students in another election

on the
and the total number of votes was the same? What Spot
would the bar model for the total number of votes
look like? How many votes might each student get?

Chapter 2 • Lesson 5   63

4. Use the bar model at the right. Write a problem 89
to match it.
157

5. Solve your problem. Will you add or subtract?

6. Tony’s Tech Store had a big sale. The store had

142 computers in stock. During the sale, 91 computers
were sold and 13 of them were returned to the store. How
many computers were left in the store?

7. There are 208 people in one movie theater. There are

78 fewer people in the next movie theater. How many
people are in both movie theaters?

8. In one week, 128 cell phones were sold. The following week,
37 more cell phones were sold than the week before. How
many cell phones were sold in those two weeks?

9. MP One week, Shan collected 58 donations for emergency

aid. The week after that, he collected 23 more donations than
the week before. How many donations did he have at the end?
Explain.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

10. There are 306 people at the fair on Saturday. There are
124 fewer people on Sunday. How many people are at
the fair during the two days?

64 Go Math! Grade 4
 LESSON 2.5
Name
Practice and Homework
Model and Solve Two-Step Addition
and Subtraction Problems

Use the bar model to solve the problem.

1. Elena went bowling. Elena’s score in the first game

was 127. She scored 16 more points in the second
game than in the first game. What was her total score?
16 points
Game 1 127 points 127 points 143 points

Game 2 points points

127 + 16 = 127 + 143 =

143 = 270 =
270 points
____

1. Mike’s Music sold 287 CDs on the first day of a 2-day sale. The store
sold 96 more CDs on the second day than on the first day. How
many CDs in all were sold during the 2-day sale?

CDs
Day 1
CDs CDs CDs

Day 2 CDs CDs

= =
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

____

3. Write Math Write an addition or subtraction problem

and draw a diagram to solve it.

Chapter 2 • Lesson 5   65
Lesson Check
4. Ms. Hinely picked 46 tomatoes from 5. Rosa read 57 pages of a book in the
her garden on Friday. On Saturday, morning. She read 13 fewer pages in
she picked 17 more tomatoes than the afternoon. How many pages did
she did on Friday. How many Rosa read in all?
tomatoes did she pick?

Spiral Review
6. Miguel has 57 action figures. Alex 7. There are 500 sheets of paper in the
has 186 action figures. Estimate the pack Hannah bought. She has used
number of action figures Miguel and 137 sheets already. How many sheets
Alex have altogether. of paper does Hannah have left?

8. There were 378 visitors to the science 9. Ravi scores 247 points in a video
museum on Friday. There were game. How many more points does
409 visitors on Saturday. How many he need to score a total of 650?
more people visited the museum on
Saturday?
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

66  Go Math! Grade 4

 Chapter

2
Name

Chapter Review
1. Use the expanded form to add 156 + 423. Choose Yes or
No to tell whether you will use that partial sum.
1a. 1+4 ● Yes ● No
1b. 50 + 20 ● Yes ● No
1c. 600 + 300 ● Yes ● No
1d. 400 + 100 ● Yes ● No

2. Write the unknown digits to complete the equation.

2
+ 3 6

7 0 8

3. Use place value to subtract. Then use addition to check

your work.
​     542​ ​     375​
− 375
__ __+ 167
             

4. Subtract by combining place values.

​  938​
    ​  720​
   
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

__− 224 __− 617

           

Go Online For more help Chapter 2   67

 5. Complete. Use expanded form to find the sum.

Estimate: _
215 = + +
+ 324 = + +
= + +

6. On the floor of a theater, there are 586 seats. In the

balcony, there are 175 fewer seats. How many seats are
there in the theater?

Part A
First, find how many seats are in the balcony.
Write the numbers on the bar model.

floor seats

balcony seats

seats

= seats
So, there are __ seats in the balcony.

Part B
Next, find the total number of seats in the theater. Write
the numbers on the bar model.

seats seats
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

seats

= seats
So, there are __ seats in the theater.

68  Go Math! Grade 4

 Name

7. Ruben has 340 counters. Callen has 326 counters.

Penny has 365 counters. Which two students have more
than 700 counters combined?
___

8. There were 388 people at the carnival on Friday. On

Saturday, there were 216 more people at the carnival.
How many people were at the carnival on those
two days?
__ people
Use the table for Problems 9–11.

Jo's Jeans Store

Month Number of Jeans Sold
September 304
October 196
November 243

9. The table shows the number of jeans sold online in

three months. How many jeans were sold in September
and October?
__ jeans
10. How many more jeans were sold in September
than November? Combine place values to find out.
Circle the place values that you combined.
​  3 0 4​
   
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

−
__ 243
     
__ jeans
11. How many more jeans were sold in October and
November than in September?
__ jeans

Chapter 2   69
12. Help Dana find the sum.

​    
346​
421
   
+ 152

For Problems 12a–12d, select Yes or No to tell Dana

when to regroup.
12a. Regroup the ones.      
● Yes    ● No

12b. Add the regrouped

ten.            
● Yes    ● No

12c. Regroup the tens.        

● Yes    ● No

12d. Add the regrouped

hundred.          ● Yes    ● No

13. Ari read 307 pages of a book in a week and 284 pages the
next week. Use the expanded form to find out how many
pages he read in total. Show your work.

14. Daniel has 402 pieces in a building set. He uses
186 pieces to build a house. How many pieces does
he have left? Show your work.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

15. Deion puts together a 500 piece puzzle. He has used

387 of the puzzle pieces so far. How many puzzle pieces
does Deion have left to finish the puzzle?

____

70  Go Math! Grade 4

 Name

16. Luke solves this problem by combining place values.

He says the difference is 214. Explain the mistake Luke
made. What is the correct difference?
​    
352​
− 148
   

17. Carr Elementary School is having a Read-a-thon. The
third graders have read 573 books so far. Their goal is to
read more than 900 books. What is the least number of
books they need to read to reach their goal? Explain.

18. There are 318 fiction books in the class library. The
number of nonfiction books is 47 less than the number
of fiction books.

Part A
About how many nonfiction books are there in the class
library? Explain.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Part B
How many fiction and nonfiction books are there in the
class library altogether?

Chapter 2   71
19. Alia used 67 + 38 = 105 to check her subtraction. Which
math problem could she be checking? Mark all that
apply.
A 67 − 38 = ■
B 105 − 67 = ■
C 105 + 38 = ■
D 105 − 38 = ■

20. Kedrick and Josiah collect coins. The tables show the
kinds of coins they collected.

Kedrick's Coins Josiah's Coins

Type Number of Coins Type Number of Coins
European 45 European 74
Asian 86 Asian 109
South American 112 South American 37

Part A
Who collected more coins? How many did he collect?
About how many more is that? Explain how you solved
the problem.

Part B
Together, Kedrick and Josiah have the greatest number of
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

what kind of coin? How many coins of that kind do they

have? Show your work.

72  Go Math! Grade 4

 Launch
Activity
Launch Activity
1 Multiplication and
Division
Fascinating Farming
Corn is the most grown crop in the United
States. But there are also many other types
of crops grown on U.S. farms, such as cotton,
soybeans, fruits and vegetables, and wheat.
These crops are harvested for use in the U.S.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: (top inset) ©QOCreative/Shutterstock, (top) ©Michele and Tom Grimm/Alamy, (bottom) ©Jim West/Alamy

and for export around the world.

Being a farmer is not easy! Extreme weather,

pests, and disease can wipe out entire crops.
A crop failure in one state is a problem for
people around the world who rely on those Farm Facts
crop harvests.
• There are about 2 million farms in
operation in the United States.
The next time you choose a piece of fruit or a
vegetable, consider the farmer or farm family • The average farm size is 444 acres.
who might have grown it. Then consider— • 96% of all U.S. farms are family farms.
would you like to work on a farm?

Three Reads
First, read the story to understand the
situation.

Next, read to understand the math.

Then, read to ask what mathematical

questions could be asked about the
situation.

A small family farm grows corn, cucumbers,

strawberries, and tomatoes in an area that
is a square. The sides of the square are 10
yards each. The square will be divided by
2 lines into 4 rectangles. Each crop will be
grown in its own rectangle.

Launch Activity • Multiplication and Division   73

 Go Online
For the interactive lesson

Read the final question. Make a plan to solve

the problem.

A small family farm grows corn, cucumbers, strawberries, and

tomatoes in an area that is a square. The sides of the square
are 10 yards each. The square will be divided by 2 lines into
4 rectangles. Each crop will be grown in its own rectangle.

Divide the area into 4 rectangles so that the space for

growing strawberries is 48 square yards.

Write, model, or draw to solve the problem.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credit: ©Jim West/Alamy

Discuss with a partner or in a group.

Math
Talk Using information from the rectangles you made, what
equation can you write that equals 100?

74 Go Math! Grade 4
 Chapter Name

3 Multiply by 1-Digit Numbers

Show What You Know

Arrays Write a multiplication sentence for the array.

1. 2.

__ __ __ __

Multiplication Facts Find the product.

3. _=9×6 4. _=7×8 5. 8 × 4 =_

Regroup Through Thousands

Regroup. Write the missing numbers.

6. 9 tens 10 ones = _ hundred 7. 60 hundreds = _ thousands

8. 25 tens = _ hundreds 5 tens 9. 14 ones = _ ten _ ones

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: (b) ©Papilio/Alamy

10. 3 tens 12 ones = _ tens 2 ones

l
MATH in the Reoarld
W
The Arctic Lion’s Mane Jellyfish is one of the largest
known animals. Its tentacles can be as long as 120 feet.
Find how this length compares to your height. Round
your height to the nearest foot. 120 feet is _
times as long as _ feet.

Chapter 3   75
 Vocabulary Builder Go Online For more help

Visualize It
Complete the flow map, using the words with a ✓.
Multiplying
What can you do? What can you use? What are some examples?
3 × 48 =
Use

→
→
products. and mental math. 3 × 50 = 150

Use . 12 ones = 1 ten 2 ones

ones as tens.

Apply the 4 × 56 = 4 × (50 + 6)

Connect to Vocabulary
= (4 × 50) + (4 × 6)
Understand Vocabulary Use = 200 +24 Review Words
Complete the sentences.
. . = 224 ✓ estimate
expanded form
1. The _____ states that multiplying a sum by a
factor
number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and
✓ place value
then adding the products.
product
2. A number that is multiplied by another number to find a product ✓ regroup
✓ rounding
is called a _____. Preview Words
Distributive Property
3. A method of multiplying in which the ones, tens, hundreds, and
partial product
so on are multiplied separately and then the products are added

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: ©HMH

together is called the _____ method.

76  Go Math! Grade 4

 CHAPTER 3

Name Lesson 1
Multiplication Comparisons
I Can use models and equations to solve
­multiplication comparisons.
You can use multiplication to compare amounts. For example, Remember
you can think of 15 = 3 × 5 as a comparison in two ways:
The Commutative Property
15 is 3 times as many as 5. 15 is 5 times as many as 3. states that you can multiply
15 15 two factors in any order
and get the same product.
5 5 5 3 3 3 3 3

5 3

UNLOCK the Problem Real

World

Carly has 9 pennies. Jean has 4 times as many

pennies as Carly. How many pennies does • What do you need to compare?
Jean have?
 raw a model and write an equation
D
to solve.

MODEL RECORD

Use the model to write an equation and solve.

Carly
n=_×_
n=_
Jean
The value of n is 36.

Think: n is how many pennies Jean has.

So, Jean has _ pennies.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Math Construct arguments and

• Explain how the equation for 4 is 2 more than Talk MP
critique reasoning of others.
2 is different from the equation for 4 is 2 times as many as 2. Describe what is being
compared and explain how
the comparison model
relates to the equation.

Chapter 3 • Lesson 1   77

 Example Draw a model and write an
equation to solve. • How many rabbits does Miguel have? _
• How many rabbits does Sara have?
Miguel has 3 times as many rabbits as Sara. Miguel
has 6 rabbits. How many rabbits does Sara have?

MODEL RECORD

Think: You don’t know how many rabbits Sara has. Use the model to write an equation and solve.
Use n for Sara’s rabbits.
6=_×_

6=3×_ Think: 3 times what

number equals 6?
The value of n is 2.

Think: n is how many rabbits Sara has.

So, Sara has 2 rabbits.

Try This! Write an equation to solve.

Rabbit food costs $4 and dog food costs $16. How many times as much does the dog food cost as
the rabbit food?
How much does the rabbit food cost? _ _=_
n ×_
How much does the dog food cost? _
How many times as much does the dog food cost The value of n is _
as the rabbit food?
________

Share and Show Math

Board

1. There are 8 students in the art club. There are 3 times as many
students in chorus. How many students are in chorus?

Write an equation and solve.

24 = _ × _

n=_

The value of Math

n is _ .
Talk MP Attend to precision.

So, there are _ students in chorus. Explain how you could write
the equation a different
way.
78 Go Math! Grade 4
Name

Draw a model and write an equation.

2. 6 times as many as 2 is 12. 3. 20 is 4 times as many as 5.

Write a comparison sentence.

4. 108 = 9 × 12 5. 8 × 4 = 32

_ is _ times as many as _ . _ times as many as _ is _ .

On Your Own
Write a comparison sentence.

6. 5 × 7 = 35 7. 99 = 11 × 9

_ times as many as _ is _ . _ is _ times as many as _ .

8. One week, Alexi and Silvia collected canned goods for a food
drive. On Monday, Alexi collected 4 boxes and Silvia collected
2 boxes. At the end of the week, Alexi had 3 times as many boxes
as he had on Monday. Silvia had 4 times as many boxes as she had
on Monday. Together, how many boxes of canned goods did they
have at the end of the week?

9. Cooper has 14 goldfish. Nando has 7 10. MP Write a comparison sentence about pet
goldfish. Write an equation to show how food that could be represented using the
many times as many goldfish Cooper has equation 12 = 4 × 3.
than Nando.
______

______
______ ______

Chapter 3 • Lesson 1   79

 UNLOCK the Problem Real
World

11. Luca has 72 baseball cards. Han has 9 baseball cards. How
many times as many baseball cards does Luca have as
Han has?

a. What do you need to find? ____

b. How can you use a model to find the number of cards

Han has?

c. Draw the model.

d. Write an equation and solve.

_=_×_
_=_
So, Luca has _ times as many baseball cards as Han has.

12. Complete the statements to describe each model.

24 24

4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6

4 6 © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

24 is times as many as . 24 is times as many as .

80 Go Math! Grade 4
 LESSON 3.1
Name
Practice and Homework
Multiplication Comparisons

Write a comparison sentence.

1. 6 × 3 = 18 2. 63 = 7 × 9
6 times as many as _
_ 3 is _
18 . _ is _ times as many as _.

3. 5 × 11 = 55 4. 48 = 8 × 6

_ times as many as _ is _. _ is _ times as many as _.

Write an equation.

5. 2 times as many as 8 is 16. 6. 42 is 6 times as many as 7.

7. 3 times as many as 5 is 15. 8. 36 is 12 times as many as 3.

Problem Solving Real

World

9. Metin is 14 years old. Zeki is 7 years old. 10. There are 27 campers. This is nine times as
How many times as old as Zeki is Metin? many as the number of counselors. How
many counselors are there?
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

11. Write Math Draw a model, and write an

equation to represent “4 times as many as 3 is 12.”
Explain your work.

Chapter 3 • Lesson 1   81

Lesson Check
12. Write an equation that represents this 13. Write a comparison sentence that
comparison sentence. represents this equation.

24 is 4 times as many as 6. 5 × 9 = 45

Spiral Review
14. Which symbol makes the following 15. What is the standard form for
statement true? 200,000 + 80,000 + 700 + 6?

547,098 574,908

16. Sean and Leona are playing a computer 17. Rochelle ran 13 miles in one week. She ran
game. Sean scored 72,491 points. 4 more miles than that the following week.
Leona scored 19,326 points more How many miles did she run in all?
than Sean. How many points did Leona
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

score?

82  Go Math! Grade 4

 CHAPTER 3

Name Lesson 2
Comparison Problems
I Can draw models and write equations to help solve
comparison problems.

UNLOCK the Problem Real

World

Evan’s dog weighs 7 times as much as Oxana’s

dog. Together, the dogs weigh 72 pounds.
How much does Evan’s dog weigh?

Example 1 Use a multiplication model.

STEP 1 Draw a model. Let n represent the unknown.

Think: Let n represent how much Oxana’s dog weighs.

Together, the dogs weigh 72 pounds.

Evan’s
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Oxana’s

STEP 2 Use the model to write an equation. Find the value of n.

_×n=_ Think: There are 8 parts. The parts together equal 72.

8 × _ = 72 Think: 8 times what number equals 72?

The value of n is 9.

n is how much __ weighs.

STEP 3 Find how much Evan’s dog weighs.

Think: Evan’s dog weighs 7 times as much as Oxana’s dog.

Evan’s dog = _ × _ Multiply.

=_

So, Evan’s dog weighs 63 pounds.

Math Construct arguments and
Talk MP
critique reasoning of others.
How can you tell if you
found the correct weight
of Evan’s dog?

Chapter 3 • Lesson 2   83

 To find how many times as much, use a multiplication model. To
find how many more or fewer, model the addition or subtraction.

Evan’s dog weighs 63 pounds. Oxana’s dog weighs 9 pounds.

How much more does Evan’s dog weigh than Oxana’s dog?

Example 2 Use an addition or subtraction model.

STEP 1 Draw a model. Let n represent the unknown.

Think: Let n represent the difference.

STEP 2 Use the model to write an equation. Find the value of n.

_–_=n Think: The model shows a difference.

–    9    = _

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  63   Subtract.

The value of n is _ .

n is _______ .

So, Evan’s dog weighs 54 pounds more than Oxana’s dog.

Share and Show Math

Board Math Reason abstractly and
Talk MP
quantitatively.
1. Maria’s dog weighs 6 times as much as her rabbit. Together, the How do you know which
pets weigh 56 pounds. What does Maria’s dog weigh? model to use to solve a
comparison problem?
Draw a model. Let n represent the unknown.

Write an equation to find the value of n. 7 × n = _ . n is _ pounds.

Multiply to find how much Maria’s dog weighs. 8 × 6 = _

So, Maria’s dog weighs _ pounds.

84 Go Math! Grade 4
Name

Draw a model. Write an equation and solve.

2. Last month Nikita trained 3 times as many dogs as cats. If the total
number of cats and dogs she trained last month is 28, how many
cats did Nikita train?

Draw a model. Write an equation and solve.

3. How many more dogs than cats did Nikita train?

Draw a model. Write an equation and solve.

On Your Own
Practice: Copy and Solve Draw a model.
Write an equation and solve.
4. At the dog show, there are 4 times as 5. There are 5 times as many yellow labs as
many boxers as spaniels. If there are a terriers in the dog park. If there are 18 dogs
total of 30 dogs, how many dogs are at the dog park, how many yellow labs are
spaniels? there?

6. Vadim has 3 times as many guppies as 7. Carlita saw 5 times as many robins as
goldfish. If he has 28 fish, how many cardinals while bird watching. She saw a
guppies does he have? total of 24 birds. How many more robins did
she see than cardinals?

Chapter 3 • Lesson 2   85

 Problem Solving · Applications Real
World
8. Cienna and Sven are solving math problems using
equations. Tell whether each person’s equation is true or
Cienna Sven
false. Explain your answer.
5×8=8+8+8+8+8 56÷7=15−6

9. Is the equation true or false? Explain.

5 × 11 = 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5

Show the Math

Demonstrate Your Thinking

10. Noah built a fenced dog run that is 4 times as long as it is

wide. The width is 3 yards. He placed posts at every corner
and every yard along the length and width of the run.
How many posts did he use?

11. Last weekend, Mandy collected 4 times as many shells as

Cameron. Together, they collected 60 shells. How many
shells did Mandy collect? Complete the bar model. Then,
write an equation and solve.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

86 Go Math! Grade 4
 LESSON 3.2
Name
Practice and Homework
Comparison Problems

Draw a model. Write an equation and solve.

1. Sarita made a necklace using 4 times as 2. At the zoo, there were 3 times as many
many blue beads as red beads. She used a monkeys as lions. Tom counted a total of
total of 40 beads. How many blue beads did 11 lions. How many monkeys were there?
Sarita use?
Think: Sarita used a total of 40 beads. Let n
represent the number of red beads.

blue n n n n
40
red n

5 ∙ n ∙ 40; 5 ∙ 8 = 40;

4 ∙ 8 = 32 blue beads

Problem Solving Real

World

3. Rafael counted a total of 40 white cars and 4. Is the equation true or false? Explain.
yellow cars. There were 9 times as many
6 × 12 = 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12
white cars as yellow cars. How many white
cars did Rafael count?

5. Write Math Write a problem involving how much more than and
solve it. Explain how drawing a diagram helped you solve the
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

problem.

Chapter 3 • Lesson 2   87

Lesson Check
6. Sari has 3 times as many pencil erasers as 7. Is the equation true or false? Explain.
Sam. Together, they have 28 erasers. How
3×8=8+8+8+8+8+8+8+8
many erasers does Sari have?

Spiral Review
8. Barbara has 9 stuffed animals. Trish has 9. There are 104 students in the fourth
3 times as many stuffed animals as Barbara. grade at Suvi’s school. One day,
How many stuffed animals does Trish have? 15 fourth-graders were absent. How many
fourth-graders were at school that day?

10. Joshua has 112 rocks. Jose has 98 rocks. 11. Alicia has 32 stickers. This is 4 times as
Albert has 107 rocks. Write the boy’s names many stickers as Benita has. How many
in order from the least to the greatest stickers does Benita have?
number of rocks owned.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

88  Go Math! Grade 4

 CHAPTER 3

Name Lesson 3
Multiply Tens, Hundreds, and
Thousands
I Can use place value and other strategies to multiply
tens, hundreds, and thousands.

UNLOCK the Problem Real

World
Each car on a train has 200 seats. How many
seats are on a train with 8 cars?

Find 8 × 200.

One Way Draw a quick picture.

T Think: 10 hundreds = 1,000

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: (t) ©Corbis

Think: 6 hundreds = 600

1,000 + 600 = _

Another Way   Use place value.

8 × 200 = 8 × _ hundreds

= _ hundreds Math
Talk MP Attend to precision.
=_
Think: 16 hundreds is 1 thousand, 6 hundreds. How can finding 8 × 2 help
So, there are _ seats on a train with 8 cars. you find 8 × 200?

Chapter 3 • Lesson 3   89

 Other Ways
A Use a number line.

Li’s Sled Shop rents 4,000 sleds each month.

How many sleds does the store rent in 6 months?
Find 6 ∙ 4,000.
Multiplication can be thought of as repeated addition.
Draw jumps to show the product.
+4 +4 +4 +4 +4 +4

6 × 4 = 24 basic fact
→

0 4 8 12 16 20 24

6 × 40 = 240
0 40 80 120 160 200 240

6 × 400 = 2,400
0 400 800 1,200 1,600 2,000 2,400

6 × 4,000 = 24,000
0 4,000 8,000 12,000 16,000 20,000 24,000

So, Li’s Sled Shop rents __ sleds in 6 months.

B Use patterns.

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company • Image Credits: (tr) ©Ariel Skelley/Blend Images/Corbis
Basic fact: Basic fact with a zero:

    3 × 7 = 21 basic fact     8 × 5 = 40 basic fact

→ →

   3 × 70 = 210    8 × 50 = 400

3 × 700 = ___ 8 × 500 = ___

3 × 7,000 = ___ 8 × 5,000 = ___

 ow does the number of zeros in the product of 8 and 5,000

• H
compare to the number of zeros in the factors? Explain.

Math Construct arguments and

Talk MP
critique reasoning of others.
Explain how the number of
zeros in the factors and
products changes in
Example B.
90 Go Math! Grade 4
Name

Share and Show

1.
Math
Board
Math
Talk MP Reason abstractly and
1. Use the drawing to find 2 × 500. quantitatively.

Tell how you would use

place value to find 2 × 500.

2 × 500 = ___

Complete the pattern.

2. 3 × 8 = 24 3. 6 × 2 = 12 4. 4 × 5 = __

3 × 80 = __ 6 × 20 = __ 4 × 50 = __

3 × 800 = __ 6 × 200 = __ 4 × 500 = __

3 × 8,000 = __ 6 × 2,000 = __ 4 × 5,000 = __

Find the product.

5. 6 × 500 = 6 × __ hundreds 6. 9 × 5,000 = 9 × __ thousands

= __ hundreds = __ thousands

= __ = __

On Your Own
Find the product.
7. 7 × 6,000 = __ 8. 4 × 80 = __ 9. 3 × 500 = __

MP Find the unknown factor.

10. _ × 9,000 = 63,000 11. 7 × _ = 56,000 12. 8 × _ = 3,200

13. MP How does the number of zeros in the product of 8 and 5,000
compare to the number of zeros in the factors? Explain.

Chapter 3 • Lesson 3   91

 UNLOCK the Problem Real
World
14. Joe’s Fun and Sun rents beach chairs. The store rented 300 beach
chairs each month in April and in May. The store rented 600 beach on the
chairs each month from June through September. How many Spot
beach chairs did the store rent during the 6 months?

a. What do you need to know?

b. How will you find the number of beach chairs?

c. 
Show the steps you use to solve d. Complete the sentences.
the problem.
For April and May, a total of __
beach chairs were rented.

For June through September, a total of

__ beach chairs were rented.

Joe’s Fun and Sun rented __
beach chairs during the 6 months.

15. Sveta makes bead necklaces. Beads are packaged in

bags of 50 and bags of 200. Sveta bought 4 bags of
50 beads and 3 bags of 200 beads. How many

beads did Sveta buy?

© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

16. Hyori has 3 books of 20 stamps and 5 books

of 10 stamps. How many stamps does Hyori have? 3 5
Complete the steps using the numbers on the tiles.
Numbers can be used more than once.
110 50
_ × 20 = _
_ × 10 = _ 60 100
_+_=_
92 Go Math! Grade 4
 LESSON 3.3
Name
Practice and Homework
Multiply Tens, Hundreds, and
Thousands
Find the product.

28,000
1. 4 × 7,000 = ___ 2. 9 × 60 = ___

Think: 4 × 7 = 28
So, 4 × 7,000 = 28,000.

3. 8 × 200 = ___ 4. 5 × 6,000 = ___

5. 7 × 800 = ___ 6. 8 × 90 = ___

7. 6 × 3,000 = ___ 8. 3 × 8,000 = ___

9. 5 × 500 = ___ 10. 9 × 4,000 = ___

Problem Solving Real

World

11. A bank teller has 7 rolls of coins. Each roll 12. Theo buys 5 packages of paper. There are
has 40 coins. How many coins does the 500 sheets of paper in each package. How
bank teller have? many sheets of paper does Theo buy?
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

13. Explain how finding 7 × 20 is similar to finding 7 × 2,000. Then

find each product.

Chapter 3 • Lesson 3   93

Lesson Check
14. A plane is traveling at a speed of 15. One week, a clothing factory made
400 miles per hour. How far will the 2,000 shirts in each of 6 different colors.
plane travel in 5 hours? How many shirts did the factory make
in all?

Spiral Review
16. Write a comparison sentence to represent 17. The population of Middleton is six
this equation. thousand, fifty-four people. Write this
number in standard form.
6 × 7 = 42

18. There are 240 students at a school. That 19. Freya picked 4 times as many green
is eight times as many as the number of peppers as red peppers. If she picked
people on the staff at the school. How many a total of 20 peppers, how many green
people are on the staff at the school? peppers did she pick?
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

94  Go Math! Grade 4