Chapter 2
Coordinate Geometry
(Circle)
Questions
Q1.
The circle with equation
x2 + y2 – 20x – 16y + 139 = 0
had centre C and radius r.
(a) Find the coordinates of C.
(2)
(b) Show that r = 5
(2)
The line with equation x = 13 crosses the circle at the points P and Q as shown in Figure 1.
(c) Find the y coordinate of P and the y coordinate of Q.
(3)
A tangent to the circle from O touches the circle at point X.
(d) Find, in surd form, the length OX.
(3)
(Total for question = 10 marks)
Q2.
A circle C has equation
x2 + y2 + 4x – 10y – 21 = 0
Find
(a) (i) the coordinates of the centre of C,
(ii) the exact value of the radius of C.
(3)
The point P(5, 4) lies on C.
(b) Find the equation of the tangent to C at P, writing your answer in the form y = mx + c, where m and c
are constants to be found.
(4)
(Total for question = 7 marks)
Q3.
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows a sketch of a circle C with centre N(4, −1).
The line l with equation is a tangent to C at the point P.
Find
(a) the equation of line PN in the form y = mx + c, where m and c are constants,
(2)
(b) the equation of C.
(5)
(Total for question = 7 marks)
Q4.
The circle C has equation
x2 + y2 + 6x – 4y – 14 = 0
(a) Find
(i) the coordinates of the centre of C,
(ii) the exact radius of C.
(3)
The line with equation y = k, where k is a constant, is a tangent to C.
(b) Find the possible values of k.
(2)
The line with equation y = p, where p is a negative constant, is a chord of C.
Given that the length of this chord is 4 units,
(c) find the value of p.
(3)
(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q5.
The points P and Q have coordinates (−11, 6) and (−3, 12) respectively.
Given that PQ is a diameter of the circle C,
(a) (i) find the coordinates of the centre of C,
(ii) find the radius of C,
(4)
(b) Hence find an equation of C.
(2)
(c) Find an equation of the tangent to C at the point Q giving your answer in the form ax + by + c = 0 where
a, b and c are integers to be found.
(3)
(Total for question = 9 marks)
Q6.
A circle C has equation
(x − k)2 + ( y − 2k)2 = k + 7
where k is a positive constant.
(a) Write down, in terms of k,
(i) the coordinates of the centre of C,
(ii) the radius of C.
(2)
Given that the point P(2, 3) lies on C
(b) (i) show that 5k2 − 17k + 6 = 0
(ii) hence find the possible values of k.
(3)
The tangent to the circle at P intersects the x-axis at point T.
Given that k < 2
(c) calculate the exact area of triangle OPT.
(5)
(Total for question = 10 marks)
Q7.
A circle has equation
x2 – 6x + y2 + 8y + k = 0
where k is a positive constant.
Given that the x-axis is a tangent to this circle,
(a) find the value of k.
(3)
The circle meets the coordinate axes at the points R, S and T.
(b) Find the exact area of the triangle RST.
(4)
(Total for question = 7 marks)
Q8.
(i) The circle C1 has equation
x2 + y2 + 10x − 12y = k where k is a constant
(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of C1
(2)
(b) State the possible range in values for k.
(2)
(ii) The point P(p, 0), the point Q(−2, 10) and the point R(8, −14) lie on a different circle, C2
Given that
p is a positive constant
QR is a diameter of C2
find the exact value of p.
(4)
(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q9.
The points P(23, 14), Q(15, –30) and R(–7, –26) lie on the circle C, as shown in Figure 1.
(a) Show that angle PQR = 90°
(2)
(b) Hence, or otherwise, find
(i) the centre of C,
(ii) the radius of C.
(3)
Given that the point S lies on C such that the distance QS is greatest,
(c) find an equation of the tangent to C at S, giving your answer in the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and
c are integers to be found.
(3)
(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q10.
The circle C has centre X (3, 5) and radius r
The line l has equation y = 2x + k, where k is a constant.
(a) Show that l and C intersect when
5x2 + (4k − 26)x + k2 − 10k + 34 − r2 = 0
(3)
Given that l is a tangent to C,
(b) show that 5r2 = (k + p)2, where p is a constant to be found.
(3)
The line l
cuts the y-axis at the point A
touches the circle C at the point B
as shown in Figure 2.
Given that AB = 2r
(c) find the value of k
(6)
(Total for question = 12 marks)
Q11.
In this question you must show detailed reasoning.
Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.
Figure 3 shows
the curve C1 with equation y = x3 – 5x2 + 3x + 14
the circle C2 with centre T
The point T is the minimum turning point of C1
Using Figure 3 and calculus,
(a) find the coordinates of T
(3)
The curve C1 intersects the circle C2 at the point A with x coordinate 2
(b) Find an equation of the circle C2
(3)
The line l shown in Figure 3, is the tangent to circle C2 at A
(c) Show that an equation of l is
(3)
The region R, shown shaded in Figure 3, is bounded by C1, l and the y-axis.
(d) Find the exact area of R.
(3)
(Total for question = 12 marks)
Q12.
A circle C has centre (2, 5)
Given that the point P(8, −3) lies on C
(a) (i) find the radius of C
(ii) find an equation for C
(3)
(b) Find the equation of the tangent to C at P giving your answer in the form ax + by + c = 0 where a, b and
c are integers to be found.
(4)
(Total for question = 7 marks)