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Backend Interview Questions

The document provides a comprehensive list of interview questions and answers for backend developers, covering topics such as Python fundamentals, OOP principles, Django/DRF, SQL, Git, Docker, and algorithms. Each section includes concise explanations of key concepts and terms. This resource serves as a quick reference for candidates preparing for technical interviews in backend development.

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2 views3 pages

Backend Interview Questions

The document provides a comprehensive list of interview questions and answers for backend developers, covering topics such as Python fundamentals, OOP principles, Django/DRF, SQL, Git, Docker, and algorithms. Each section includes concise explanations of key concepts and terms. This resource serves as a quick reference for candidates preparing for technical interviews in backend development.

Uploaded by

settarovartur00
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Backend Developer Interview Questions and Answers (Short & Clear)

Python Fundamentals
 Q: Mutable vs Immutable

A: Mutable o‘zgaradi (list, dict), Immutable o‘zgarmaydi (int, str, tuple).

 Q: *args / **kwargs

A: *args — ko‘p argument, **kwargs — kalit-so‘zli argument.

 Q: Shallow vs Deep Copy

A: Shallow — faqat 1-qavatni ko‘chiradi. Deep — hamma ichki obyektlarni ham.

 Q: List vs Tuple

A: List o‘zgaradi, tuple o‘zgarmaydi.

 Q: Exception Handling

A: try/except/finally bilan xatolarni ushlash.

OOP
 Q: OOP 4 prinsipi

A: Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction.

 Q: Class vs Object

A: Class — shablon, Object — shu shablondan yaratilgan narsa.

 Q: Polymorphism

A: Bir xil funksiyaning turli klasslarda turlicha ishlashi.

 Q: Inheritance

A: Bir klass boshqa klassdan xususiyatlarni olishi.

Django / DRF
 Q: Request → View → Model oqimi

A: URL viewga boradi, view ORM orqali modelga murojaat qiladi.

 Q: Serializer nima?

A: Model obyektini JSONga aylantiradi.


 Q: Authentication

A: Token, JWT yoki Session orqali foydalanuvchi tekshiradi.

 Q: Permissions

A: Kimga ruxsat berish/bermaslikni belgilaydi.

 Q: Middleware

A: Request va response o‘rtasida ishlaydigan kod.

 Q: ORM

A: filter(), get(), annotate(), aggregate() — maʼlumotlar bazasi bilan ishlash.

SQL
 Q: JOIN turlari

A: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL.

 Q: Index nima?

A: Qidirishni tezlashtiradi.

 Q: Normalization

A: Maʼlumotlarni toza strukturaga keltirish.

 Q: N+1 Muammo

A: Har bir element uchun alohida query ketishi.

Git
 Q: git add/commit

A: O‘zgarishlarni saqlash.

 Q: git push

A: Serverga yuklash.

 Q: Branch

A: Parallel ishlash uchun yo‘nalma.

 Q: Merge/Pull request

A: Kodlarni birlashtirish.
Docker
 Q: Container nima?

A: Tizimdan ajratilgan muhit.

 Q: Dockerfile

A: Image yaratish qoidalari.

 Q: docker-compose

A: Bir nechta service’ni boshqarish.

Algorithms
 Q: Big O

A: Kodning tezlik murakkabligi.

 Q: Binary Search

A: O‘rtadan qidirish.

 Q: Hash Map

A: Tezkor key-value saqlash.

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