Class X Session 2025-26
Subject - Mathematics (Basic)
Sample Question Paper - 01
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:
1. This question paper contains 38 questions.
2. This Question Paper is divided into 5 Sections A, B, C, D and E.
3. In Section A, Questions no. 1-18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and questions no. 19 and 20 are Assertion-
Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
4. In Section B, Questions no. 21-25 are very short answer (VSA) type questions, carrying 02 marks each.
5. In Section C, Questions no. 26-31 are short answer (SA) type questions, carrying 03 marks each.
6. In Section D, Questions no. 32-35 are long answer (LA) type questions, carrying 05 marks each.
7. In Section E, Questions no. 36-38 are case study-based questions carrying 4 marks each with sub-parts of the
values of 1,1 and 2 marks each respectively.
8. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 2 Questions of Section B, 2 Questions of Section
C and 2 Questions of Section D has been provided. An internal choice has been provided in all the 2 marks
questions of Section E.
9. Draw neat and clean figures wherever required.
10. Take wherever required if not stated.
11. Use of calculators is not allowed.
Section A
1. If the HCF of 360 and 64 is 8, then their LCM is: [1]
a) 2480 b) 2880
c) 512 d) 2780
2. If the prime factorisation of 2520 is 23 3a b 7, then the value of a + 2b is: [1]
a) 9 b) 10
c) 7 d) 12
3. Which of the following equations has 2 as a root? [1]
a) x2 + 3x – 12 = 0 b) x2 – 4x + 5 = 0
c) 2x2 – 7x + 6 = 0 d) 3x2 – 6x – 2 = 0
4. The value of k for which the equations 3x – y + 8 = 0 and 6x + ky = –16 represent coincident lines, is: [1]
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a) b) 2
c) d) -2
5. If the equation x2 + 4x + k = 0 has real and distinct roots, then [1]
a) k > 4 b) k < 4
c) k 4 d) k 4
6. Points (6, 8), (3, 7), (-2, -2) and (1, -1) are joined to form a quadrilateral. What will be the structure of the [1]
quadrilateral?
a) Rectangle b) Square
c) Parallelogram d) Rhombus
7. In a ABC, perpendicular AD from A on BC meets BC at D. If BD = 8 cm, DC = 2 cm and AD = 4 cm, then: [1]
a) AC = 2 AB b) ABC is equilateral
c) ABC is right - angled at A. d) ABC is isosceles
8. In the adjoining figure if exterior AB = 5cm, AC = 7cm and BC = 3cm, then [1]
CD is equal to
a) 2 cm. b) 1.75 cm.
c) 1.9 cm. d) 2.25 cm.
9. In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle. AB is the tangent to the circle at the point P. If PAO = 30° then [1]
CPB + ACP is equal to
a) 150° b) 60°
c) 120° d) 90°
10. =? [1]
a) b)
c) d)
11. The angle of elevation of the sun when the shadow of a pole ‘h’ metres high is metres long is [1]
a) 15o b)
c) d)
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12. If sin , then sec is equal to (0 90o): [1]
a) b)
c) d)
13. The area of a sector of a circle with radius r, making an angle of x° at the centre is [1]
a) b)
c) d)
14. Area of a quadrant of circle whose circumference is 22 cm is ( ) [1]
a) 3.65 cm2 b) 17.25 cm2
c) 9.625 cm2 d) 9.625 cm3
15. A bag contains 50 balls of which 2x are red, 3x are white and 5x are blue. A ball is selected at random. The [1]
probability that it is not white is
a) b)
c) d)
16. The mean and median of a statistical data are 21 and 23 respectively. The mode of the data is: [1]
a) 22 b) 17
c) 27 d) 23
17. A circus tent is cylindrical to a height of 3 metres and conical above it. If its diameter is 105 m and the slant [1]
height of the conical portion is 53 m, calculate the length of the canvas 5 m wide to make the required tent.
a) 2096 m b) 1947 m
c) 1800 m d) 1996 m
18. The median of first 10 prime numbers is: [1]
a) 13 b) 11
c) 12.5 d) 12
19. Assertion (A): Distance of (–4, 3) from x-axis is 5 units. [1]
Reason (R): Distance of point (a, b) from x-axis is |b| (mod b) units.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
20. Assertion (A): H.C.F. of smallest prime and smallest composite is 2. [1]
Reason (R): Smallest prime is 2 and smallest composite is 4 so their H.C.F. is 2.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
Section B
21. On comparing the ratios and , find out whether the lines representing the pair of linear equations [2]
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intersect at a point, are parallel or coincident: 9x + 3y + 12 = 0; 18x + 6y + 24 = 0
22. In a AD is the bisector of meeting side BC at D. If AB = 10 cm, AC = 6 cm and BC = 12 cm, find [2]
BD and DC.
OR
In the given figure, A= B and AD = BE. Show that DE AB.
23. The length of a tangent from a point A at distance 5 cm from the centre of the circle is 4 cm. Find the radius of [2]
the circle.
24. If a cos - b sin = c, prove that a sin + b cos = [2]
25. A car has two wipers which do not overlap. Each wiper has a blade of length 25cm sweeping through an angle of [2]
115°. Find the total area cleaned at each sweep of the blades.
OR
A horse is tied to a peg at one corner of a square shaped grass field of side 15 m by means of a 5 m long rope. Find
i. the area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze.
ii. the increase in the grazing area if the rope were 10 m long instead of 5 m (Use = 3.14)
Section C
26. Show that is irrational. [3]
27. Find a quadratic polynomial whose sum and product of the zeroes are respectively. Also find the [3]
zeroes of the polynomial by factorisation.
28. Solve the pair of linear equations x + y = 14 and x – y = 4 by substitution method. [3]
OR
Aditya is walking along the line joining points (1,4) and (0,6). Aditi is walking along the line joining points (3,4) and
(1,0). Represent the graph and find the point where both cross each other.
29. From an external point P,two tangents,PA and PB are drawn to a circle with centre [Link] one point E on the circle [3]
tangent is drawn which intersects PA and PB at C and D respectively. If PA=10 cm,find the perimeter of the
triangle PCD.
30. Evaluate: [3]
OR
Prove that:
31. Peter throws two different dice together and finds the product of the two numbers obtained. Rina throws a die [3]
and squares the number obtained. Who has the better chance to get the number 25?
Section D
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32. Find the value of m for which the quadratic equation , [5]
has equal roots. Hence find the roots of the equation.
OR
Find all the values of k for which the quadratic equation 2x2 + kx + 8 = 0 has equal roots. Also, find the roots.
33. In the given figure, ACB = 90o and CD AB, Prove that CD2 = BD AD. [5]
34. A building is in the form of a cylinder surmounted by a hemispherical dome. The base diameter of the dome is [5]
equal to of the total height of the building. Find the height of the building, if it contains of air.
OR
A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of a solid cylinder. If the height of the
cylinder is 15 cm and its base is of radius 4.2 cm, then find the total surface area of the article.
35. If the median of the distribution given below is 28.5, then find the values of x and y. [5]
Class Interval frequency
0-10 5
10-20 x
20-30 20
30-40 15
40-50 y
50-60 5
Total 60
Section E
36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A fashion designer is designing a fabric pattern. In each row, there are some shaded squares and unshaded
triangles.
i. Identify A.P. for the number of squares in each row. (1)
ii. Identify A.P. for the number of triangles in each row. (1)
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iii. If each shaded square is of side 2 cm, then find the shaded area when 15 rows have been designed. (2)
OR
Write a formula for finding total number of triangles in n number of rows. Hence, find S10. (2)
37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The camping alpine tent is usually made using high-quality canvas and it is waterproof. These alpine tents are
mostly used in hilly areas, as the snow will not settle on the tent and make it damp. It is easy to layout and one
need not use a manual to set it up. One alpine tent is shown in the figure given below, which has two triangular
faces and three rectangular faces. Also, the image of canvas on graph paper is shown in the adjacent figure.
i. What is the distance of point Q from y-axis? (1)
ii. What are the coordinates of U? (1)
iii. What is the distance between the points P and Q? (2)
OR
What is the Perimeter of image of a rectangular face? (2)
38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A man is watching a boat speeding away from the top of a tower. The boat makes an angle of depression of 60o
with the man’s eye when at a distance of 200 m from the tower. After 10 seconds, the angle of depression
becomes 45o.
i. What is the approximate speed of the boat (in km/hr), assuming that it is sailing in still water? (1)
ii. How far is the boat when the angle is 45o? (1)
iii. What is the height of tower? (2)
OR
As the boat moves away from the tower, angle of depression will decrease/increase? (2)
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Solution
Section A
1.
(b) 2880
Explanation:
LCM =
LCM =
LCM =
LCM = 2880
So, the LCM of 360 and 64 is 2880.
2.
(d) 12
Explanation:
on comparing
a = 2, b = 5
So,
a + 2b = 2 + 2 5
= 12
3.
(c) 2x2 – 7x + 6 = 0
Explanation:
Given, 2x2 - 7x + 6 = 0
If 2 satisfies the above equation then 2 is a root.
Now, 2(2)2 - 7(2) + 6 = 0
2 is a root of this equation
4.
(d) -2
Explanation:
Condition for coincident lines is
= = …(i)
Given lines are,
3x - y + 8 = 0
and 6x + ky + 16 = 0;
Comparing with the standard form, gives
a1 = 3, b1 = - 1, c1 = 8;
a2 = 6, b2 = k, c2 = 16;
and, from Eq. (i),
So, k = -2
5.
(b) k < 4
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Explanation:
In the equation x2 + 4x + k = 0
a = 1, b = 4, c = k
D = b2 - 4 ac = (4)2 - 4 1 k = 16 - 4 k
Roots are real and distinct
D>0
16 - 4 k > 0
16 > 4 k
4>k
k<4
6.
(c) Parallelogram
Explanation:
Let the points be A(6, 8), B(3, 7), C(-2, -2) and D(1, -1).
Now, AB = =
BC = =
CD = =
DA = =
Also, AC = = =
BD = = =
Since, AB = DC and BC = DA and AC BD.
ABCD is a parallelogram.
7.
(c) ABC is right - angled at A.
Explanation:
In ABC , AD BC
BD = 8 CM, DC = 2 CM, AD = 4 CM
In right ACD,
AC2 = AD2 + CD2 (Pythagoras Theorem)
=(4)2+(2)2=16 + 4 = 20
and in right ABD,
AB2 = AD2 + DB2
= (4)2 + (8)2 = 16 + 64 = 80
and BC2 = (BD + DC)2 = (8 + 2)2 = (10)2 = 100
AB2 + AC2 = 80 + 20 = 100 = BC2
ABC is a right triangle whose
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8.
(b) 1.75 cm.
Explanation:
Here, BAD = 180o - ( EAB + ADC) = 180o - 110o - 35o = 35o
Since, AD bisects A.
AB BD
[Internal bisector of an angle of a triangle divides the opposite side in the ratio of the sides containing the angle]
AC CD
3 CD
CD
5CD = 21 - 7CD 5CD + 7 CD = 21
12CD = 21 CD = 1.75 cm
9.
(d) 90°
Explanation:
In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle. AB is tangent to the circle at P.
PAO = 30°
CPB + ACP = ?
CPD = 90° (Angle in a semi circle)
DPA + CPB = 90°
But DPA = ACP (Angles in alternate segment)
CPB + ACP = 90°
10.
(c)
Explanation:
11.
(d)
Explanation:
Given: Height of the pole = AB = meters And the length of the shadow of the pole = BC = meters
12.
(d)
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Explanation:
Sin =
cos =
=
Now,
Sec =
13.
(c)
Explanation:
Area of a sector of a circle with radius r and making an angle of
at the centre =
14.
(c) 9.625 cm2
Explanation:
We have
C = 22 cm
= 22 cm
= 22
r = 3.5 cm
Now,
Area of quadrant of a circle
= 9.625 cm2
15. (a)
Explanation:
Here,
2x + 3x + 5x = 50
10x = 50
x=5
Number of red balls = 2 5 = 10
Number of white balls = 3 5 = 15
Number of blue balls = 5 5 = 25
Now, Number of possible outcomes = 25 + 10 = 35
And Number of total outcomes = 50
Required Probability =
16.
(c) 27
Explanation:
We know that
3 Median= Mode + 2 Mean
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3 23 = Mode + 2 21
69 - 42 = Mode
Mode = 27
17.
(b) 1947 m
Explanation:
For cylinderical part,
Radius (r)
Height (h) = 3 m
For conical part,
Slant height (l) = 53 m
Radius (r) =
Total curved surface area of tent =
Hence, length of canvas
Total curved surface area of tent
Width of cloth
18.
(d) 12
Explanation:
The first 10 prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29.
Here n = 10, which is even number.
Median = term term
= [5th term + 6th term] = [11 + 13]
= 25
= 12
19.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
A is false but R is true.
20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Smallest prime is 2 and smallest composite is 4 so H.C.F. of 2 and 4 is 4.
Section B
21. Given equations are
9x + 3y + 12 = 0
18x + 6y + 24 = 0
Comparing equation 9x + 3y + 12 = 0 with
and 18x + 6y + 24 = 0 with
,
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We get, a1 = 9, b1 = 3, c1 = 12, a2 = 18, b2 = 6, c2 = 24
We have because
Hence, lines are coincident.
22. It is given that AB = 10 cm, AC = 6 cm and BC = 12 cm
In , AD is the bisector of meeting side BC at D
We have to find BD and DC
Since AD is bisector
So
Let BD = x cm
Then,
6x = 120 - 10x
16x = 120
x = 7.5
Now
DC = 12 - BD
= 12 - 7.5
= 4.5
Hence, BD = 7.5 cm and DC = 4.5 cm
OR
In CAB, A = B(Given)
AC = CB (By isosceles triangle property)
But, AD = BE (Given).....(i)
AC- CD = CB - BE
CD = CE .......(ii)
Dividing equation (ii) by (i),
By converse of BPT,
DE AB.
If A = B and AD = BE then, DE AB.
23.
We know that the tangent at any point of a circle is to the radius through the point of contact.
OPA = 90o
OA2 = OP2 + AP2 [By Pythagoras theorem]
(5)2 = (OP)2 + (4)2
25 = (OP)2 + 16
OP2 = 9
OP = 3 cm
24. Given, acos - b sin = c
Squaring on both sides
(a cos - b sin )2 = c2
By Adding (a sin + b cos )2 on both sides, we get
(a cos - b sin )2 + (a sin + b cos )2 =c2 + (a sin + b cos )2
(a2cos2 + b2sin2 - 2ab sin cos ) + (a2sin2 + b2cos2 + 2ab sin cos ) =c2 + (a sin + b cos )2
a2(cos2 + sin2 ) + b2(sin2 + cos2 )=c2 + (a sin + b cos )2
a2 + b2 = c2 + (a sin + b cos )2
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(a sin + b cos )2 = a2 + b2 - c2
a sin + b cos =
25. Radius of each wiper = 25cm, Angle = 115°
∴ θ = 115°
Total area cleaned at each sweep of the blades
Area
OR
i. The area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze if the length of the rope is 5cm
ii. The area of that part of the field in which the horse can graze if the length of the rope is 10 m
The increase in the grazing area
= 78.5 - 19.625 = 58.875 m2
Section C
26. Let us assume, to the contrary, that is rational.
That is, we can find coprime numbers a and b (b ≠ 0) such that
Therefore,
Rearranging this equation, we get
Since a and b are integers, we get is rational, and so is rational.
But this contradicts the fact that is irrational
This contradiction has arisen because of our incorrect assumption that is rational.
So, we conclude that is irrational.
27. Here, and
f(x) = x2 – ( )x + [Formula]
For zeroes of polynomial f(x), f(x) = 0
or
or
and =
Hence the polynomial is x2 + x - 9 and its zeros are and .
28. x + y = 14; x - y = 4
the given pair of linear equations is
x + y = 14.................(1)
x - y = 4....................(2)
From equation(1),
y = 14 - x...................(3)
Substitute this value of y in equation(2), we get
x - (14 - x) = 4
x - 14 + x = 4
2x - 14 = 4
2x = 4 + 14
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2x = 18
Substituting this value of x in equation (3), we get y = 14 - 9 = 5
Therefore, the solution is x = 9, y = 5
verification: Substituting x = 9 and y = 5, we find that both the equations (1) and (2) are satisfied as shown below:
x + y = 9 + 5 = 14
x - y = 9 - 5=4
This verifies the solution.
OR
Let the given points be A(1,4) , B(0,6) , C(3,4) and D(1,0).
On plotting points A and B and joining them, we get the path travelled by Aditya. Similarly, on plotting points C and D and
joining them, we get path travelled by Aditi.
It is clear from the graph that both of them cross each other at point E(2,2).
29. Given,
PA = 10 cm.
PA = PB [If P is external point] ...(i)[ From an external point tangents drawn to a circle are equal in length]
If C is external point, then CA = CE
If D is external point, then
DB = DE ...(ii)
Perimeter of triangle PCD
= PC + CD + PD
= PC + CE + ED + PD
= PC + CA + DB + PD
= PA + PB
= PA + PA
=2 PA
[From (i)]
30. We have
after putting values,we get
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Rationalise it, we get
OR
We have,
[ sec2 - tan2 = 1]
LHS
= RHS
31. The person having higher probability of getting the number 25 has the better chance.
When a pair of dice is thrown, there are 36 elementary events which are as follows:
(1, 1) , (1, 2), (1,3), (1,4), (1,5), (1, 6)
(2, 1) , (2, 2), (2,3), (2,4),(2,5), (2, 6)
(3,1) , (3,2), (3,3), (3,4), (3,5), (3,6)
(4,1) , (4,2), (4,3),(4,4), (4,5), (4,6)
(5,1) , (5,2), (5,3), (5,4), (5,5), (5,6)
(6, 1), (6, 2),(6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)
Therefore, the product of numbers on two dice can take values 1, 2, 3, ..., 36.
We observe that the product of two numbers on two dice will be 25 if both the dice show number 5. Therefore,
there is only one elementary event, viz., (5, 5), which is favourable for getting 25.
p = Probability that Peter throws
Rina throws a die on which she can get any one of the six numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 as an outcome. If she gets number 5 on the
upper face of the die thrown,then the square of the number is 25.
p2 = Probability that the square of number obtained is
Therefore, p2 > p1. Therefore, Rina has better chance to get the number 25.
Section D
32. In equation
A = m + 1, B = - 6(m + 1), C = 3(m + 9)
For equal roots,
m = -1, 3
Neglecting
the equation becomes
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roots are y = 3,3
OR
For equal roots k2 - 64 = 0
k= 8
Equations are 2x2 + 8x + 8 = 0 and 2x2 - 8x + 8 = 0
2(x + 2)2 = 0 or 2(x - 2)2 = 0
x = -2 or x = 2
33. Given: ACB = 90o and CD AB
In ACB and ADC
∠ACB ≅ ∠ADC (∵ each 90° )
∠A ≅ ∠A (∵ common angle)
ACB ADC (AA similarity)
= ....(i)
In ACB and CDB
∠ACB ≅ ∠CDB (∵ each 90° )
∠B ≅ ∠B (∵ common angle)
So, ACB CDB (AA similarity)
= ....(ii)
Using equations (i) and (ii),
=
CD2 = AD BD
34.
Let the radius of the hemispherical dome be r and the total height of the building be h.
Since, the base diameter of the dome is equal to of the total height
Let H be the height of the cylindrical position.
Volume of air inside the building = Volume of air inside the dome + Volume of air inside the cylinder
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Thus, the height of the building is 6 m.
OR
Height of cylinder = 15 cm
Radius of cylinder = Radius of hemisphere = 4.2 cm
Total surface area = CSA of cylinder + CSA of 2 hemispheres
Number of
Monthly Consumption Cumulative Frequency
35. consumers
0-10 5 5
10-20 x 5+x
20-30 20 25 + x
30-40 15 40 + x
40-50 y 40 + x + y
50-60 5 45 + x + y
Total
Here, , then , also, median of the distribution is 28.5, which lies in interval 20 – 30.
Median class = 20 – 30
So, l = 20, n = 60, f = 20, cf = 5 + x and h = 10
………...........(i)
Now, Median =
x=8
Putting the value of x in eq. (i), we get,
8 + y = 15
y=7
Hence the value of x and y are 8 and 7 respectively.
Section E
36. i. A.P. for the number of squares in each row is 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 …
ii. A.P. for the number of triangles in each row is 2, 6, 10, 14 ...
iii. Area of each square = 2 2 = 4 cm2
Number of squares in 15 rows = (2 + 14 2) = 225
Shaded area = 225 4 = 900 cm2
OR
n
Sn = [4 + (n - 1)4] = 2n2
S10 = 2 102 = 200
37. i. Coordinates of Q are (9, 5).
Distance of point Q from y-axis = 9 units
ii. Coordinates of point U are (8, 2).
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iii. We have, P(2, 5) and Q (9, 5)
PQ = = = 7 units
OR
Length of TU = 5 units and of TL = 2 units
Perimeter of image of a rectangular face = 2(5 + 2) = 14 units
38. i. In ABC
tan 60o =
AB =
Now, In ABD
tan 45o =
1=
BD =
CD = BD - BC
= - 200
= 200 ( - 1)
= 200 (1.732 - 1)
= 200 0.732
= 146.4 m
speed =
=
= 14.64 m/s
Now,
speed = 14.64 km/hr
= 52.7
53 km/hr
ii. In ABD
tan 45o =
1=
BD = m
CD = - 200
= 200 ( - 1)
= 200 (1.732 - 1)
= 200 0.732
= 146.4
147 m
boat is at a distance of 147 m from its actual position.
iii. In ABC
tan 60o =
=
AB = m
Hence, height of tower = m
OR
As boat moves away from the tower angle of depression decreases.
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