DEVELOPMENT
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS-
[Link] criteria include :
a)Per Capita Income
b) Equal treatment
c)Freedom
d)All of these
Ans-All of these
2. Which of the following are developmental goals of a prosperous farmer? Choose the correct
from the given options.
I. Better wages
II. Higher support prices for crops
III. Assured high family income
IV. More days for work
Options
(a) Only I and II are correct.
(b) Only II and IV are correct.
(c) Only II and III are correct.
(d) Only I and IV are correct.
Ans-c)Only II and III are correct
[Link] the developmental goal for a girl from a rich family from the following options:
(a) To get more days of work
(b) To get as much freedom as her brother gets
(c) To get electricity
(d) To get better wages
Ans-b)to get as much freedom as her brother gets
[Link] of the following is a key indicator used to measure a country's development?
(a) Primary Production
(b) Secondary Production
(c) Gross Domestic Product
(d) Net Domestic Product
Ans-c)Gross Domestic Product
[Link] the correct option regarding 'Body Mass Index' (BMI) from the following.
(a) Assessment of blood pressure
(b) Assessment of blood sugar level
(c) Assessment of body composition
(d) Assessment of under-nutrition
Ans-d)Assessment of under nutrition
[Link] World Bank's Development Report is prepared on the basis of which of the following:
(a) Per Capita Income
(b) Literacy
(c) Health service
(d) Freedom
Ans-a)Per Capita Income
[Link] one of the following organisations prepares the 'World Development Report'?
(a) World Bank
(b) International Monetary Fund
(c) World Health Organisation
(d) International Labour Organisation
Ans-a)World Bank
8..By which organisation is the Human Development Report published?
(a) World Trade Organisation
(b) Amnesty International
(c)United Nations Development Programme
(d) World Health Organisation
Ans-c)United Nations Development Programme
[Link] which of the following basis does the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
publish the 'Human Development Report'.
(a)Manufacturing, Infrastructure and Health
(b) Education, Health and Per Capita Income
(c)National Income, Health and Banking
(d) Gross Domestic Product, Technology and Innovation
Ans-Education,Health and Per Capita Income
[Link] one of the following countries has a high 'Human Development Index' score?
(a) Pakistan
(b) India
(c) Myanmar
(e) Nepal
Ans-b)India
[Link] of the following neighbouring countries has better performance in terms of human
development than India?
(a) Bangladesh
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) Nepal
(d) Pakistan
Ans-b)Sri Lanka
Q.12. Which one of the following states has the Highest Development Index?
(a) Punjab
(b) Gujarat
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Kerala
Ans-d)Kerala
[Link] of the following countries has the highest 'Life Expectancy ‘at birth?
(a) Nepal
(b) India
(c) Bangladesh
(d) Pakistan
Ans-c)Bangladesh
[Link] the following statements about Human Development and choose the correct option:
i) It is the composite Index prepared by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
ii) Parameters to measure is its Per Capita Income,Longevity, Literacy
iii) Countries are ranked according to Developed and Low Developing countries.
iv) World Bank also prepares report of Human Development on the basis of Quality of Life.
Options
a)i and ii. b)ii and iii
c)i and iii. d)ii and iv
Ans-a)i and ii
[Link] one of the following is a correct explanation of Average income?
(a) The total income of a population
(b) The income earned by the highest earners in a population
(c) The income earned by the lowest earners in a population
(d) The total income divided by the number of individuals in a population
Ans-d)The total income divided by the number of individuals in a population
16. Study the following table related to 'World Human Development Index' and answer the
questions given below:
[Link]. Country. HDI Rank in the World
1. India. 130
2. Myanmar. 148
3. Nepal. 149
4. Pakistan. 150
Amongst the given countries, which one of the following countries has the highest rank in
'Human Development Index'?
(a) Pakistan
(b) India
(c) Nepal
(d) Myanmar
Ans-b)India
[Link] related to an imaginary country is given [Link] these data and answer the
question that follows:
Age. Total Net
Population. Attendance
7 and 8. 1200. 1000
years of age
14 and 15. 1000. 800
years of age
Total. 2,200. 1,800
The attendance percentage of this country of the age group 14 and 15 years is____.
a)90 percent.
b)80 percent
c)70 percent
d)60 percent
Ans-80 percent.
QUESTION ANSWER-
[Link] is development? What are the two aspects of development?
Ans. Development refers to a process that aims to fulfil people's aspirations and bring
improvement in their standard of living. It includes progress in areas such as income, education,
health and equality.
Two important aspects of development are:
[Link] people have different developmental goals based on their needs and situations.
[Link] may be development for one person may not be so for another; in fact, it may even be
destructive.
[Link] people have different development [Link] the statement.
(i) Landless rural labourers: Their goal is for more days of work and better wages.
ii) Farmers : To assure a high family income through higher support price for their crops.
Through hard working and cheap labourers they desire .
iii)Urban unemployed youth: To get more employment opportunities and high wages to cater
their needs.
iv)A girl from a rich urban family- She gets as much freedom as her brother and is able to
decide what she wants to do in life.
[Link] goals of development may also be contradictory." Examine the statement through
examples.
Ans. Different people have different needs, aspirations and priorities, so their developmental
goals often differ. What may be considered development for one person or group may not be so
for another and at times, it can even be harmful or contradictory.
For example,
i)A girl in a rural area may want freedom, equal opportunities and expects her brother to share
household work. However, the brother may not agree, leading to a conflict of goals even within
the same family.
ii) Industrialists may want to build large dams to generate more electricity, which they consider
development. But this may lead to displacement of local communities, loss of land and
livelihood, which those affected would see as destruction rather than development.
[Link] may be a developmental goal of a rich farmer?
Ans. A possible developmental goal of a rich farmer could be the assurance of high income
through higher support prices for crops and opportunities to settle his or her children abroad for
better prospects.
[Link] may be a developmental goal of a girl who belongs to a rich urban family?
Ans. A developmental goal of a girl from a rich urban family may be to have equal freedom as
her brother, have the right to make her own life choices, and to pursue higher studies abroad.
[Link] may be a developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for growing
crops?
Ans. A developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for crops could be access to a
well-developed irrigation system, so they are not solely dependent on rainfall for agriculture.
[Link] the social and economic goals of development.
Ans. The social and economic goals of development are:
Social goals of development:
Improved quality of life: A key social goal is to enhance the overall well-being of citizens, which
includes ensuring access to basic needs such as education, healthcare, clean drinking
water ,sanitation and housing.
Empowerment: Empowering people, especially women and marginalised communities, is a
significant social goal.
Economic goals of development:
Increased income and economic stability: A primary economic goal of development is to
increase the per capita income, providing people with more economic opportunities.
Sustainable economic growth: A critical goal is achieving long term growth that does not
deplete resources or harm the environment.
Suggest any three ways to maintain the body mass index.
i) Eat healthy and nutritious food.
ii) Regular exercise
iii) Self monitoring
[Link] the significance and limitations of average income for comparing different
countries with examples.
Significance of average income-
i)It helps to compare the standard of living of people across countries.
ii)It gives us general idea of how wealthy or economically productive a country is.
iii) Government often use average income data to guide economic policy ,social program and
poverty alleviation program.
Limitations of average income:
i)It does not show how income is distribution among people in a country.
ii)It hides inequalities and regional disparities within the population.
iii)It does not reflect other aspects of development like health, education and quality of life.
For example, two countries may have the same average income, but one may may have better
life expectancy and literacy, making it more developed in real terms.
[Link] is the main criterion used by the World Bank in classifying different countries?
What are the limitations of this criterion, if any?
Ans. The main criterion used by the World Bank to classify different countries is average per
capita income.
Limitations of average income:
i)It does not show how income is distribution among among people in a country.
ii)It hides inequalities and regional disparities within the population.
iii)It does not reflect other aspects of development like health, education and quality of life.
[Link] organisation publishes the Human Development Report and what criteria does
it use to compare countries? Examine.
Ans. The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) publishes the Human Development
Report every year.
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) uses the Human Development Index
(HDI) as the main criteria to classify and compare countries.
Three important criteria are-
i)Per Capita Income
It is the average income of a person, calculated by dividing the total national income by the total
population.
ii)Life Expectancy at Birth
This indicate the average expected lifespan of a person.
iii)Education level- It is measured by literacy rate and gross enrolment ratio at primary,
secondary and higher level.
11. How is the issue of sustainability important for development? Explain.
Ans-i) it helps protect people from pollution, ensuring better health and quality of life.
ii) It focuses on conserving the environment.
iii) It encourages the use of renewable resources like solar energy , wind , energy and ground
water.
iv) It ensures the conservation of resources for future generation.
[Link] in your pocket cannot buy all the goods and services that you may need to live
well ?Elucidate.
i) Money cannot buy the pollution free environment.
ii) Money cannot buy peace , security, freedom , respect from other.
iii) Money cannot protect us from infections,diseases unless the whole of our community take
preventive steps
13."The consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national and state
boundaries." Examine the statement in the context of sustainability of development.
Sustainable development means using resources in a way that meets present needs without
harming the environment or compromising the future.
For example, underground water, though renewable, is being overused due to urbanisation and
industrialisation, leading to a drop in water tables across regions.
Similarly, air pollution in one city can spread to neighbouring areas, affecting the air quality
across states and even countries.
Global warming and climate change are also results of overusing non-renewable resources like
coal and petroleum, and their effects are felt worldwide.
Thus, environmental challenges are interconnected and require global cooperation to ensure a
sustainable future for all.
14."Recent evidence suggests that overuse of groundwater is becoming a serious threat
in many parts of the country." Evaluate the statement in the context of sustainability of
development.
Or
"The question of sustainability of development becoming more complex day by day."
Examine the statement in context of use of underground water in India.
Sustainable development means meeting present needs without harming the environment or
compromising the needs of future generations.
Groundwater( renewable resource) is being overused in many parts of India due to increasing
population, agriculture and industrial demand.
Recent studies show that nearly one-third of the India's districts are over-extracting groundwater
leading to a sharp decline in water levels in several [Link] overuse threatens the long-
term availability of groundwater and affects not only drinking water supply but also irrigation and
food production. If this trend continues, even renewable resources may become scarce, making
sustainability a serious challenge.
Therefore, the question of sustainability especially regarding groundwater use is becoming
increasingly complex and urgent, and it demands immediate, responsible action.
[Link] any 3 ways to improve public facilities in India.
Ans-i)Easy affordable education must be provided to all the children of the country.
ii)Public Distribution System should be reformed to include people of remote area.
iii)Health facilities should be improved.
iv)Transport facilities must be available to everyone even in the remote area.
[Link] does Kerala have a better Human Development Index ranking in comparison to
Punjab? Explain with three reasons.
i)Kerala has better provisions of health facilities and therefore the IMR in Kerala is very low.
ii)Kerala has better educational facilities. iii)Kerala has better provisions for Public Distribution
System.