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Synoptic Chart

The document outlines various approaches to language teaching, contrasting traditional grammar methods with more contemporary theories. It discusses the Grammar-Translation Method's focus on written language and translation, while highlighting the shift towards descriptive approaches that prioritize spoken language. Key figures like Chomsky and Hymes are mentioned for their contributions to transformational grammar and communicative competence, respectively.

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paolada03
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3 views1 page

Synoptic Chart

The document outlines various approaches to language teaching, contrasting traditional grammar methods with more contemporary theories. It discusses the Grammar-Translation Method's focus on written language and translation, while highlighting the shift towards descriptive approaches that prioritize spoken language. Key figures like Chomsky and Hymes are mentioned for their contributions to transformational grammar and communicative competence, respectively.

Uploaded by

paolada03
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Paola Adamilca Almonte Pérez

100577350

Traditional Gramar
Narrow Concept: Grammar-Translation Method
Theories from Ancient Greece and Rome,
popular before the 19th century. Purpose: To read classics and
Emphasizes written language and is translate the foreign language into
prescriptive (fixed rules). one's mother tongue.

Broad Concept: Characteristics: Emphasis on form


Includes scholarly traditional grammar (grammar), teacher as the authority,
from the late 19th century. Can adopt a focuses on translation,
descriptive approach to contemporary neglects oral language.
language phenomena.

Differences from traditional grammar


Approach: It is descriptive (describes actual usage), not prescriptive.
Emphasis: Spoken language is prioritized over written language.

Structuralism
Language Theories and
Language Teaching – From Approach viewing language as a
Traditional Gramar highly organized system and studying Audio-Lingual Method (ALM) Practice:
the position of its units Focuses on drilling and repetition
Principle: Language is a type of human
(sounds, words) (mimicry) to form habits. Strong
habit (teaching the language itself, not
knowledge about it). emphasis on listening
before speaking.

Theoretical Development
Chomsky and Hymes

Chomsky: Proposes transformational-Generative Grammar (TG).


Language competence is believed to be innate (LAD).
Hymes: Introduces communicative competence. Includes social
dimensions like practicality, appropriateness, and
effectiveness of speech.

Functionalism

Communicative Approach (CLT)


Practice: The student focuses on the content
Principle: Arousing the desire to communicate something with a
(meaning) rather than specific grammatical rules.
real-world purpose (e.g., writing a letter).
Activities simulate real communication.

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