Class XII Session 2025-26

Subject - Applied Mathematics

Sample Question Paper - 2

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This question paper contains five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.

2. Section - A carries 20 marks weightage, Section - B carries 10 marks weightage, Section - C carries 18 marks

weightage, Section - D carries 20 marks weightage and Section - E carries 3 case-based with total weightage of 12

marks.

3. Section – A: It comprises of 20 MCQs of 1 mark each.

4. Section – B: It comprises of 5 VSA type questions of 2 marks each.

5. Section – C: It comprises of 6 SA type of questions of 3 marks each.

6. Section – D: It comprises of 4 LA type of questions of 5 marks each.

7. Section – E: It has 3 case studies. Each case study comprises of 3 case-based questions, where 2 VSA type

questions are of 1 mark each and 1 SA type question is of 2 marks. Internal choice is provided in 2 marks question

in each case-study.

8. Internal choice is provided in 2 questions in Section - B, 2 questions in Section – C, 2 questions in Section - D.

You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.

Section A
1. If A is a square matrix of order 3, such that A(adjA) = 10I, then |adj A| is equal to [1]

a) 1000 b) 10

c) 100 d) 1
2. For the purpose of t-test of significance, a random sample of size (n) 34 is drawn from a normal population, then [1]
the degree of freedom (v) is

a) b) 33
1

34

c) 35 d) 34
3. Mr. X borrowed ₹ 500000 from a bank to purchase a house and decided to repay the loan by equal monthly [1]
payments in 10 years. If bank charges interest at 7.5% p.a. compounded monthly, then EMI is: (Given
(1.00625)120 = 2.1121)

a) ₹ 8520 b) ₹ 6380

c) ₹ 5935 d) ₹ 7340
4. Solution set of inequations x − 2y ≥ 0, 2x − y ≤ −2, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 is: [1]

Page 1 of 20
 a) Closed halfplane b) First quadrant

c) Empty d) Infinite

5. What is x if [
1 4
] is a singular matrix? [1]
2 x

a) 5 b) 6

c) 8 d) 7
6. In a binomial distribution, the probability of getting success is and standard deviation is 3. Then, its mean is [1]
1

a) 8 b) 6

c) 12 d) 10
7. If X follows a binomial distribution with parameters n = 100 and p = , then P (X = r) is maximum when r = [1]
1

a) 33 b) 32

c) 34 d) 31
dy y+1
8. The number of solutions of dx
=
x−1
, when y(0) = 2 is [1]

a) three b) one

c) two d) infinite
9. A man rows d km upstream and back again in t hours. If he can row in still water at u km/hr and the rate of [1]
stream is v km/hr, then t =
2 2

a) u −v
b) uv

d
d

c) 2ud

2 2
d) 2ud

2 2
u +v u −v

10. In a 500 m race, the ratio of speeds of two contestants A and B is 3 : 4. If A gets a start of 140 m, then he wins [1]
by:

a) 10 m b) 20 m

c) 60 m d) 40 m
11. The least positive integer x satisfying 28 ≡ x (mod 6) is [1]

a) 4 b) 2

c) 1 d) 3
12. The graph of the inequation 2x + 3y > 6 is the: [1]

a) half-plane that neither contains the origin b) whole XOY-plane excluding the points on
nor the points on the line 2x + 3y = 6 the line 2x + 3y = 6

c) half-plane that contains the origin d) entire XOY-plane

13. A pipe can fill a tank in 3 hours. Because of a leak in the tank the pipe takes 3 hours 30 minutes to fill the tank. [1]
How much time will the leak take to empty the full tank?

a) 1

2
hours b) 21 hours

c) 7 hours d) 6 1
hours
2

14. In an L.P.P. if the objective function Z = ax + by has same maximum value on two corner points of the feasible [1]
region, then the number of points at which the maximum value of Z occurs is

Page 2 of 20
 a) infinite b) 2

c) finite d) 0
15. ∫
dx

7
is equal to [1]
x(x +1)

7 7

a) log∣∣ x +1

7
∣
∣
+ C b) log
∣
∣
x

7
∣
∣
+ C
x x +1

7 7

c) 1

7
log
∣
∣ 7
x ∣
∣
+ C d) 1

7
log
∣
∣
x +1

7
∣
∣
+ C
x +1 x

16. Since α = probability of Type-I error, then 1 - α [1]

a) Probability of rejecting H0 when Ha is true. b) Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is

true.

c) Probability of not rejecting H0 when Ha is d) Probability of rejecting H0 when H0 is true.

true.

17. ∫ (x - 1)e-x dx is equal to [1]

a) -xe-x + C b) (x + 1) e-x + C

c) xe-x + C d) (x - 2) e-x + C

18. An orderly set of data arranged in accordance with their time of occurrence is called: [1]

a) Time Series b) Arithmetic Series

c) Harmonic Series d) Geometric Series

19. Let A be a non-singular matrix of order n. [1]
Assertion (A): adj(adj A) = |A|n-2 A

Reason (R): |adj A| = |A|n-1.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

20. Assertion (A): The slope of the normal to the curve y = 2x2 - 5x at x = -1 is -1. [1]

Reason (R): The slope of the normal to the curve y = f(x) at point (α, β) is given by
dy
(x − α) + (
dx
) ⋅ (y − β) = 0 .
(α,β)

a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of but Reason (R) is not the correct
the Assertion (A). explanation of the Assertion (A).

c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Section B
21. Construct 3-yearly moving averages from the following data: [2]

Year: 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Imported cotton consumption in

129 131 106 91 95 84 93
India (in '000 bales):

22. A man wants to deposit a lump sum amount so that an annual scholarship of ₹ 3000 is paid. Rate of interest is [2]

Page 3 of 20
 5% per annum. Calculate the lump sum amount required, if the scholarship is to start at the end of this year and
continue forever.
OR
A simple interest of ₹ 1000 is paid on a certain sum of money at 10% p.a for 4 years. Find the sum.
2
log x [2]
23. Evaluate: ∫ 2
dx
x
1

24. If A' = [
−2 3
] and B = [
−1 0
], then find (A + 2B)'. [2]
1 2 1 2

OR
0 a −3
⎡ ⎤
If the matrix A = ⎢ 2 0 −1 ⎥ is skew-symmetric, find the values of a and b.
⎣ ⎦
b 1 0

25. How many kg of sugar costing ₹ 45 per kg must be mixed with 30 kg sugar costing ₹ 35 per kg so that there may [2]
be a gain of 12% by selling the mixture at ₹ 47.04 per kg?
Section C
26. It is given that radium decomposes at a rate proportional to the amount present. If p % of the original amount of [3]
radium disappears in 1 year. What percentage of it will remain after 2l years?
OR
Solve: (x2 + 1) + 2xy - 4x2 = 0 subject to the initial condition y(0) = 0.
dy

dx

27. The cost of a washing machine depreciates by ₹720 during the second year and by ₹648 during the third year. [3]
Calculate:
i. the rate of depreciation per annum.
ii. the original cost of the machine.
iii. the value of the machine at the end of third year.
28. The marginal cost of production of x units of a commodity is 30 + 2x. It is known that fixed costs are ₹ 120. [3]
Find
i. the total cost of producing 100 units
ii. the cost of increasing output from 100 to 200 units.
29. The probability distribution of a discrete random variable X is given as under: [3]

X 1 2 4 2A 3A 5A

P(X) 1 1 3 1 1 1

2 5 25 10 25 25

Calculate:
i. The value of A, if E(X) = 2.94
ii. Variance of X
OR
In a group of 30 scientists working on an experiment, 20 never commit error in their work and are reporting results
elaborately. Two scientists are selected at random from the group. Find the probability distribution of the number of
selected scientists who never commit error in the work and reporting. Also, find the mean of the distribution. What
values are described in the question?
30. Fit a straight line trend by the method of least squares to the data given below: [3]

Years 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Sales (in tones) 9 11 13 12 14 15 17

Page 4 of 20
31. A group of 5 patients treated with medicine A weigh 10, 8, 12, 6, 4 kg. A second group of 7 patients treated with [3]
medicine B weigh 14, 12, 8, 10, 6, 2, 11 kg. Comment on the rejection of hypothesis with 5% level of
significance.
[Given: t(10,0.05) = 1.812]

Section D
32. A factory makes tennis rackets and cricket bats. A tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time and 3 hours of [5]
craftsman's time in its making while a cricket bat takes 3 hours of machine time and 1 hour of craftsman's time.
In a day, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftsman's
time. If the profit on a racket and on a bat is ₹20 and ₹10 respectively, find the number of tennis rackets and
cricket bats that the factory must manufacture to earn the maximum profit. Make it as an LPP and solve it
graphically.
OR
A fruit grower can use two types of fertilizer in his garden, brand P and Q. The amounts (in kg) of nitrogen,
phosphoric acid, potash, and chlorine in a bag of each brand are given in the table. Tests indicate that the garden
needs at least 240 kg of phosphoric acid, at least 270 kg of potash and at most 310 kg of chlorine.

kg per bag

Brand P Brand Q

Nitrogen 3 3.5

Phosphoric acid 1 2

Potash 3 1.5

Chlorine 1.5 2

If the grower wants to minimize the amount of nitrogen added to the garden, how many bags of each brand should be
used? What is the minimum amount of nitrogen added in the garden?
33. A company manufactures cassettes and its cost and revenue functions for a week are C = 300 + and R = 2x [5]
3
x
2

respectively, where x is the number of cassettes produced and sold in a week. How many cassettes must be sold
for the company to realize a profit?
34. A radar unit is installed to measure the speeds of cars on a highway. The speeds are normally distributed with [5]
mean 80 km/h and standard deviation 10 km/h. If a car is chosen at random, find the probability that car is
running
i. at less than 60 km/h
ii. at more than 100 km/h
iii. between 90 km/h and 110 km/h.
OR
An urn contains 5 red and 2 black balls. Two balls are randomly drawn without replacement. Find the probability
distribution of the black balls drawn. Also, find the mean and variance of the black balls drawn.
35. Mrs. Jain is considering to buy a ₹ 1,000 par value bond bearing a coupon rate of 11% that matures after 5 years. [5]
She wants a minimum rate of return of 15%. The bond is currently sold at ₹ 870. Should she buy the bond?

Justify your answer. [Given: (1.15)-5 = 0.4971]

Section E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]

Page 5 of 20
 A telephone company in a town has 500 subscribers on its list and collects fixed charges of 300 per subscriber
per year. The company proposes to increases the annual subscription and it is believed that for every increase of
₹ 1 one subscriber will discontinue the service.

(a) If x be the annual subscription, then what will be the total revenue of the company after the increment?
(b) What will we put to find the maximum profit?
(c) By how much subscription fee the company should increase to have maximum profit?
OR
Find the maximum profit that the company can make if the profit function is given by P(x) = 41 + 24x -
18x2.
37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
In year 2000, Mr. Talwar took a home loan of ₹ 30,00,000 from State Bank of India at 7.5 % p.a. compounded
monthly for 20 years.
(a) Find the equated monthly instalment paid by Mr. Talwar.
(b) Find the interest paid by Mr. Talwar in 150th payment.
(c) Find the principal paid by Mr. Talwar in 150th payment.
OR
Find the total interest paid by Mr. Talwar.
[Use (1.00625)240 = 4.4608, (1.00625)91 = 1.7629, (1.00625)48 = 1.1187]
38. An economy produces only coal and steel. The two commodities serve as intermediate inputs in each other's [4]
production. 0.4 tonne of steel and 0.7 tonne of coal are needed to produce a tonne of steel. Similarly, 0.1 tonne of
steel and 0.6 tonne of coal are required to produce a tonne of coal. If the economy needs 100 tonne of coal and
50 tonne of steel, calculate the gross output of the two commodities.
OR
1 0 −2
⎡ ⎤

Show that the matrix, A = ⎢ −2 −1 2⎥ satisfies the equation, A3 - A2 - 3A - I3 = O. Hence, find A-1.
⎣ ⎦
3 4 1

Page 6 of 20
 Solution
Section A
1.
(c) 100
Explanation:
A(adjA) = |A|I
|A|I = 10I
|A| = 10
Now, |adj A| = |A|n−1
So, |adj A| = |A|3−1
|adj A| = 102 = 100

2.
(b) 33
Explanation:
Given n = 34
⇒ degree of freedom (v) = 34 - 1 = 33

3.
(c) ₹ 5935
Explanation:
₹ 5935

4.
(c) Empty
Explanation:
There will be no common region.

5.
(c) 8
Explanation:
8

6.
(c) 12
Explanation:
1 −−−
p = , √npq = 3
4

⇒ q =
3

4
, npq = 9
⇒ Mean = np = 9

⇒ Mean = 9 × 4

3
= 12

7. (a) 33
Explanation:
n = 100, p = 1

3
⇒ q =
2

3
100 1
np = = 33 +
3 3

⇒ Probability is maximum at 33.

Page 7 of 20
 8.
(b) one
Explanation:
1 1
∫
y+1
dy =∫ x−1
dx ⇒ log |y + 1| = log |x - 1| + log C
⇒ y + 1 = C(x - 1)
When x = 0, y = 2
∴ 3 = C(0 - 1) ⇒ C = -3
(y + 1) = -3(x - 1)
Hence, the given differential equation has one solution.

9.
2ud
(d) 2 2
u −v

Explanation:
upstream speed = (u - v) km/hr
downstream speed = (u - v) km/hr
tdownstream = d

u+v

d
tupstream = u−v

t = tdownstream + tupstream
t= u+v
d
+ u−v
d

(u−v)d+(u+v)d
t= 2 2
(u − v )

d[u−v+u+v]
t= 2 2
(u − v )

t= 2ud

2 2
u −v

10.
(b) 20 m
Explanation:
To reach the winning post A will have to cover a distance of (500 - 140) m = 360 m
While A covers 3 m, B covers 4 m.
While A covers 360 m, B covers = ​= 480 m 4×360

∴ A wins by 20 m.

11. (a) 4
Explanation:
a≡ b (mod m)
28 ≡ x (mod 6)
28−x
⇒
6
(6 divides (28 - x) completely)
⇒ x=4
12. (a) half-plane that neither contains the origin nor the points on the line 2x + 3y = 6
Explanation:
half-plane that neither contains the origin nor the points on the line 2x + 3y = 6
13.
(b) 21 hours
Explanation:
Let the leak be able to empty the tank in x hours.
Then, amount filled by the pump in one hour = 1

Amount emptied by the leak = 1

Amount actually filled = 1

3.5
=
2

i.e. 1

3
−
x
1
=
2

7
1 1 2
= −
x 3 7

Page 8 of 20
 = 21
7
−
21
6
=
1

21

Thus, x = 21 hours

14. (a) infinite

Explanation:
Since Z = ax + by has maximum value at two comer points. So, Z has the same maximum value at every point of the line
segment joining these two points. Hence, maximum value of Z occurs at infinite points.
15.
7

(c) 1

7
log
∣
∣ 7
x ∣
∣
+ C
x +1

Explanation:
Put x7 + 1 = t ⇒ 7x6 dx = dt ⇒ x6 dx = 1

7
dt
6
1 x 1 1
∴ ∫ dx = ∫ dx = ∫ dt
x(x7 +1) x7 (x7 +1) 7 (t−1)t

1 1 1 1
= ∫ ( − ) dt = (log(t − 1) − log |t|) + C
7 t−1 t 7

7
1 ∣ x∣
= log + C
7 ∣ x +1 ∣
7

16.
(b) Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is true.
Explanation:
Probability of not rejecting H0 when H0 is true.

17. (a) -xe-x + C

Explanation:
I = ∫ (x - 1)e-x
= ∫ xe-x dx - ∫ e-x dx
= -xe-x - ∫ 1.(-)e-x dx - ∫ e-x dx + c
= -xe-x + ∫ e-x dx - ∫ ex dx + c
= -xe-x + C
18. (a) Time Series
Explanation:
The organized series of data on the basis of any measure of time is called Time series.
19.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
We know that for a non-singular matrix A of order n.
adj(adj A) = |A|n-2 A
and |adj A| = |A|n-1
∴ Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.

20.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
Explanation:
Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Section B
21. Construction of 3-yearly moving average
Year Imported cotton consumption 3-yearly moving totals 3-yearly moving averages
in India

Page 9 of 20
 (in '000 bales)

2010 129 - -

2011 131 366 122.00

2012 106 328 109.33

2013 91 292 97.33

2014 95 270 90.00

2015 84 272 90.66

2016 93 - -
22. To calculate the lump sum amount required to provide an annual scholarship of ₹ 3,000, we can use the formula for the present
value of a perpetuity. A perpetuity is a series of payments that continues indefinitely.
The formula for the present value of a perpetuity is:
P ayment
PV =
Interest Rate

In this case, the annual payment (scholarship) is ₹ 3,000, and the annual interest rate is 5%(0.05 as a decimal). Plug these values
into the formula:
₹ 3000
PV = 0.05

PV = ₹ 60,000
So, the lump sum amount required to provide an annual scholarship of ₹ 3,000, starting at the end of this year and continuing
forever, is ₹ 60,000.
OR
Let P be ₹ x, S.I. = ₹ 1000, r = 10% p.a., n = 4 years
x×10×4
∴
100
= 1000
⇒ x = 2500
∴ Sum = ₹ 2500

2
log x
23. Let I = ∫ 2
dx. Then,
x
1

2 2
2
I = ∫ log x ⋅ 1

2
dx = [(log x) (− 1

x
)]
1
− ∫
1

x
(−
1

x
) dx [Integrating by parts]
x
1 I 1
II

2 2
I = [− 1

x
log x]
1
− [
1

x
]
1
= (− 1

2
log 2) + (1 × log 1) - ( 1

2
−
1

1
)

I=− 1

2
log 2 + 1

2
=
1

2
(-log 2 + 1) = 1

2
(-log 2 + log e) = 1

2
log ( e

2
)

′
−2 3 −1 0
24. (A + 2B)' = A' + (2B)' = A' + 2B' = [ ] + 2[ ]
1 2 1 2

−2 3 −1 1 −2 3 −2 2 −4 5
=[ ]+ 2[ ] = [ ]+ [ ] = [ ]
1 2 0 2 0 2 0 4 1 6

OR
0 a −3
⎡ ⎤

A =⎢ 2 0 −1 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
b 1 0

0 2 b
⎡ ⎤

AT = ⎢ a 0 1⎥
⎣ ⎦
−3 −1 0

According to the question matrix A is a skew-symmetric matrix.

∴ AT = -A
0 2 b 0 a −3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ ⎢ a 0 1⎥ = −⎢2 0 −1 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3 −1 0 b 1 0

0 2 b 0 −a 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ ⎢ a 0 1 ⎥ = ⎢ −2 0 1⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−3 −1 0 −b −1 0

On equating the corresponding elements, we get

a = -2 and b = 3

Page 10 of 20
25. Let the CP. of mixture be ₹ x per kg
Given S.P.= ₹ 47.04 and profit = 12%
∵ S.P. = C.P. + profit

⇒ 47.04 = x + 12% of x
4704
⇒ x= ⇒ x = 42
112

Given c = ₹ 35 per kg, d = ₹ 45 per kg, m = ₹ 42 per kg

and quantity of cheaper sugar = 30 kg
quantity of cheaper sugar 45−42
So, =
quantity of dearer sugar 42−35

30 3
⇒ =
quantity of dearer sugar 7

⇒ quantity of dearer sugar = 70 kg

Hence, 70 kg of sugar costing ₹ 45 per kg should be mixed.
Section C
26. Let A0 be the original amount of radium and A be the amount of radium at any time t. Then, the rate of decomposing of radium is
dA
. It is given that
dt
dA

dt
∝ A
⇒
dA

dt
= −λA , where λ is a positive constant
dA
⇒ = −λdt
A

⇒ log A = -λ t + C ...(i)
At t = 0, we have A = A0. Putting t = 0 and A = A0 in (i), we get
log A0 = 0 + C ⇒ C = log A0
Putting C = log A0 in (i), we get
log A = -λ t + log A0
A
⇒ log(
A0
) = −λt ...(ii)
It is given that p% of the original amount of radium disintegrates in l years. This means that the amount of radium present att = l is
p p p
(A0 −
100
× A0 ) = (1 −
100
) A0 . Putting A = A0 (1 − 100
) and t = l in (ii), we get
p 1 p
log(1 − ) = −λl ⇒ λ = − log(1 − )
100 l 100

Substituting the value of λ in (ii), we get

p
log(
A0
A
) =
t

l
log(1 −
100
) ...(iii)
Let A be the amount of radium available after 2l years.
Putting t = 2l in (iii), we get
p
log(
A
) = 2 log (1 − 100
) ​​​​​​​
A0

2
A p
⇒ = (1 − )
A0 100

2
p
⇒
A
× 100 = (1 −
100
) × 100 [Multiplying both sides by 100]
A0

2
A p
⇒ × 100 = (10 − )
A0 10

OR
The given differential equation can be written as
dy 2

dx
+
2x

2
y =
4x

2
...(i)
1+x 1+x
dy
This is a linear differential equation of the form dx
+ Py = Q, where
2
2x 4x
P= 2
and Q = 2
1+x 1+x
2x
∫

= 1 + x2
(1+x2 )dx 2

∴ I.F. = e ∫ P dx
= e = e
log(1+ x )

Multiplying both sides of (i) by I.F. = (1 + x2), we get

(1 + x2) + 2xy = 4x2
dy

dx

Integrating both sides with respect to x, we get

y(1 + x2) = ∫ 4x2 dx + C [Using: y(I.F.) = ∫ Q (I.F.) dx + C]
y (1 + x2) =
3

⇒
4x

3
+ C ...(ii)

Page 11 of 20
 It is given that y = 0, when x = 0. Putting x = 0 and y = 0 in (i), we get
0=0+C⇒C=0
3
4x
Substituting C = 0 in (ii), we get y = 2
, which is the required solution.
3(1+ x )

27. i. Let the original cost of the washing machine be ₹P and the rate of depreciation be r % p.a. Then the value of machine (in ₹)
after one year, two years and 3 years are P(1 - i), P(1 - i)2 and P(1 - i)3 respectively, where i = r

100
.
According to given,
P(1 - i) - P(1 - i)2 = 720 and P(1 - i)2 - P(1 - i)3 = 648
⇒ P(1 - i)[1 - (1 - i)] = 720 and P(1 - i)2[1 - (1 - i)] = 648 ...(ii)
⇒ P(1 - i) i = 720 ...(i) and P(1 - i)2⋅ i = 648
Dividing (ii) by (i), we get
1-i= ⇒ 1 - i =
648

720
9

10

⇒ i=1- 9

10
⇒ i= 10
1
⇒
r

100
=
10
1

⇒ r = 10
Hence, the rate of depreciation = 10 % p.a.
ii. Putting i = in equation (i), we get
10
1

P(1 − 1

10
) ×
1

10
= 720 ⇒ P × 100
9
= 720 ⇒ P = 8000
Hence, the original cost of the machine = ₹ 8000
iii. The value of machine at the end of third year = P(1 - i)3
3

= 8000(1 − 1

10
) = 8000(0.9)3
= 8000 × 0.729 = 5832
Hence, the value of the machine at the end of the third year = ₹5832
28. i. MC = 30 + 2x.
As MC = , dC

dx

C(x) = ∫ (MC) dx = ∫ (30 + 2x) dx

= 30x + x2 + k, where k is constant of integration.
Given fixed cost (in ₹) = 120 i.e. when x = 0, C(x) = 120
⇒ 30 × 0 + 02 + k = 120 ⇒ k = 120.
∴ C(x) = 120 + 30x + x2
∴ Total cost of producing 100 units = 120 + 30 × 100 + 1002 = 13120 (in ₹).
ii. Cost of increasing output from 100 to 200 = C(200) - C(100)
= (120 + 30 × 200 + 2002) - 13120 = 33000 (in ₹).
Alternatively, we can obtain it as
200 200
200
∫ (MC)dx = ∫ (30 + 2x)dx = [30x + x 2
]
100
100 100

= (30 × 200 + 2002) - (30 × 100 + 1002) = 33000 (in ₹).

25+20+24+10A+6A+10A 69+26A
29. i. We have, ∑ XP (X) = 1

2
+
2

5
+
12

25
+
2A

10
+
3A

25
+
5A

25
=
50
=
50

Since, E(X) = ∑ XP (X)

69+26.A
⇒ 2.94 =
50

⇒ 26A = 50 × 2.94 − 69
147−69
⇒ A=
26
=
78

26
=3
ii. We know that,
Var(X) = E(X)2 - [E(X)]2
2
2
= ∑X P (X) − [∑ XP (X)]
2 2 2
1 4 48 4A 9A 25A 2
= + + + + + − [E(X)]
2 5 25 10 25 25
2 2 2
25+40+96+20A +18A +50A 2
= − [E(X)]
50
2
2 161+88×(3)
161+88A 2 2
= − [E(X)] = − [E(X)] [∵ A = 3]
50 50

Page 12 of 20
 953 2
= − [2.94] [∵ E(X) = 2.94]
50

= 19.0600 - 8.6436 = 10.4164

OR
Let X denote the number of selected scientists who never commit errors in the work and reporting. Clearly, X can take values 0, 1,
2.
P(X = 0) = Probability that two scientists selected commit error either in the work or in reporting
10
C2 3
= 30
=
29
C2

P(X = 1) = Probability that one out of two scientists selected does not commit an error in the work and reporting while the other is
not so
20 10
C1 × C1
= 30
=
40

87
C2

P(X = 2) = Probability that two scientists selected do not commit an error in the work and reporting
20
C2 38
= 30
=
87
C2

The probability distribution of X is as given below:

X 0 1 2
3 40 38
P(X) 29 87 87

Let ¯
X be the mean of the distribution. Then,
3 40 38 116
¯
X =0× 29
+ 1 ×
87
+ 2 ×
87
=
87
= 1.33
This means that on average out of two selected scientists one scientist will not commit errors in the work and reporting.
Years (ti) Sales (yi) xi = ti - 2015 x
2
xiyi
30. i

2012 9 -3 9 -27

2013 11 -2 4 -22

2014 13 -1 1 -13

2015 12 0 0 0

2016 14 1 1 14

2017 15 2 4 30

2018 17 3 9 51

n=7 ∑ yi = 91 ∑ xi =0 ∑x
2
i
= 28 ∑ xi yi = 33
∑ yi 91
a=
n
=
7
=13
∑ xi yi 33
b =
2
=
28
= 1.179
∑x
i

The equation of the straight line trend is

y = ax + b
∴ y = 13x + 1.179

31. A group of 5 patients treated with medicine A weigh 10, 8, 12, 6, 4 kg. A second group of 7 patients treated with medicine B
weigh 14, 12, 8, 10, 6, 2, 11 kg. Comment on the rejection of hypothesis with 5% level of significance.
[Given: t(10,0.05) = 1.812]
Consider,
H0 : ​μ = μ and
1 2

H1 : μ 1 > μ2

Where μ and μ denotes population means for the given two groups.
1 2

for Medicine A
∑x 40
x̄ = = = 8
n 5

x 10 8 12 6 4 ∑x = 40

x − x̄ 2 0 4 -2 -4 0

(x − x̄)
2
4 0 16 4 16 ∑(x − x̄)
2
= 40

Page 13 of 20
 For Medicin B
∑y
63
ȳ = = = 9
n 7

y 14 12 8 10 6 2 11 ∑y = 63

y − ȳ 5 3 -1 1 -3 -7 2 0

(y − ȳ )
2
25 9 1 1 9 49 4 ∑(y − ȳ )
2
= 98

Now, S 2
=
1

n1 + n2 −2
2
[∑(x − x̄)
2
+ ∑(y − ȳ ) ]

2 1
S = [40 + 98]
5+7−2

S2 = 10
1
× 138 = 13.8

−−−
−
S= √13.8 = 3.71
x̄− ȳ
t =
1 1
s√ +
n1 n2

8−9
t =
1 1
3.71√ +
5 7

−1
t =
7+5
3.71√
35

−1
t =
12
3.71√
35

−1
t =
3.71×0.58

t = -0.46
Given: t(10,0.05) = 1.812
Since, [Link] < ttab value
Hence null hypothesis H0 may be accepted with 5% significance.
Section D
32. Let x number of tennis rackets and y number of cricket bats were sold.
Number of tennis rackets and cricket balls cannot be negative.
Therefore, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
It is given that a tennis racket takes 1.5 hours of machine time and 3 hours of craftsman's time in its making while a cricket bat
takes 3 hours of machine time and 1 hour of craftman's time.
Also, the factory has the availability of not more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftman's time.
Therefore,
1.5x + 3y ≤ 42
3 x + y ≤ 24
If the profit on a racket and on a bat is ₹20 and ₹10 respectively. Therefore, profit made on x tennis rackets and y cricket bats is
₹20 x and ₹10 y respectively.
Total profit = Z = 20x + 10y
The mathematical form of the given LPP is:
Maximize Z = 20x + 10y
Subject to constraints:
1.5x + 3y ≤ 42
3x + y ≤ 24
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
First we will convert inequations into equations as follows:
1.5x + 3y = 42, 3x + y = 24, x = 0 and y = 0
Region represented by 1.5x + 3y ≤ 42:
The line 1.5x + 3y = 42 meets the coordinate axes at A1 (28, 0) and B1 (0, 14) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the
line 1.5x + 3y = 42. Clearly (0, 0) satisfies the 1.5x + 3y = 42. So, the region which contains the origin represents the
solution set of the inequation 1.5x + 3y ≤ 42
Region represented by 3x + y ≤ 24:
The line 3x + y = 24 meets the coordinate axes at C1 (8, 0) and D1 (0, 24) respectively.
By joining these points we obtain the line 3x + y = 24. Clearly (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 3x + y ≤ 24. So, the region which

Page 14 of 20
contains the origin represents the solution set of the inequation 3x + y ≤ 24.
Region represented by x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 :
Since, every point in the first quadrant satisfies these inequations. So, the first quadrant is the region represented by the
inequations x ≥ 0, and y ≥ 0.
The feasible region determined by the system of constraints 1.5x + 3y ≤ 42, 3x + y ≤ 24, x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 are as follows.

In the above graph, the shaded region is the feasible region.

The corner points are O(0, 0), B1(0, 14), E1(4, 12), C1(8, 0).
The values of the objective function Z at corner points of the feasible region are given in the following table:
Corner Points Z = 20x + 10y

O(0, 0) 0

B1(0, 14) 140

E1(4, 12) 200 → Maximum

C1(8, 0) 160

Clearly, Z is maximum at x = 4 and y = 12 and the maximum value of Z at this point is 200.
Thus, maximum profit is of ₹200 obtained when 4 tennis rackets and 12 cricket bats were sold.
OR
The above information can be expressed with the help of the following table:
P Q Requirement

Phosphoric acid 1 2 At least 240

Potash 3 1.5 At least 270

Chlorine 1.5 2 at most 310

Nitrogen 3 3.5
Let the number of bags of P and Q chosen to be 'x' and 'y' units.
Nitrogen from P = 3x
Nitrogen from Q = 3.5y
Nitrogen form the mixture = 3x + 3.5y
Now,
⇒ x + 2y ≥ 240

i.e. the minimum requirement of phosphoric acid in the mixture of P and Q is 240 kgs, each of which contains 1 kg and 2 kgs of
phosphoric acid respectively
⇒ 3x + 1.5y ≥ 270

i.e. the minimum requirement of Potash in the mixture of P and Q is 270 kgs, each of which contains 3kgs and 1.5kgs of Potash
respectively.
⇒ 1.5x + 2y ≤ 310

i.e. the maximum requirement of Chlorine in the mixture of P and Q is 310 kgs, each of which contains 1.5 kgs and 2 kgs of
Chlorine respectively.
Hence, the mathematical formulation of the LPP is as follows:
Find 'x' and 'y' that

Page 15 of 20
 Minimises Z = 3x + 3.5y
Subject to the following constraints:
i. x + 2y ≥ 240
ii. 3x + 1.5y ≥ 270
iii. 1.5x + 2y ≥ 310
iv. x, y ≥ 0 (∵ quantity cant be negative)

The feasible region is bounded (ABC)

The corner points of the feasible region is as follows:
Point Value of Z = 3x + 3.5y

A(20, 140) 550

B(40, 100) 470

C(140, 50) 595

Z is minimised at B(40, 100)
The minimum amount of Nitrogen in the mixture is 470 kgs.
33. We have been a week's data
Cost of cassette, C = 300 + x
3

Revenue, R = 2x
Where x = number of cassettes produced and sold in a week.
We know that profit is given by, Profit = Revenue - Cost …(i)
Revenue is the income that a business has from its normal business activities, usually from the sale of goods and services to
customers.
A cost is the value of money that has been used up to produce something or deliver a service and hence is not available for use
anymore.
And Profit is the gain in the business.
So, it is justified that profit in any business would be measured by the difference in the capital generated by the business and the
capital used up in the business.
Profit generated by the company manufacturing cassettes is given by,
Profit = R - C (from (i))
Where, R = Revenue
C = Cost of cassette
Here,
If R < C, then
Profit < 0
⇒ There is a loss.

If R = C, then
Profit = 0

Page 16 of 20
 ⇒ There is no profit no loss.
If R > C, then
Profit > 0
⇒ There is a profit.
We need to find the number of cassettes sold to make a profit. That is, we need to find x.
So, R > C (to realize a profit)
Substituting values of R and C. We get
2x > 300 + x 3

⇒ 2x - 3

2
x > 300
4x−3x
⇒ > 300
2
x
⇒ > 300
2

⇒ x > 300 × 2
⇒ x > 600
This means that x must be greater than 600.
Thus, the company must sell more than 600 cassettes to realize a profit.
34. Given, μ = 80 km/h , σ = 10 km/h
60−80
1. P(X < 60) = P (Z < 10
) = P(Z < -2)
= F(-2) = 1 - F(2) = 1 - 0.9772 = 0.0228
100−80
2. P(X > 100) = P(Z > 10
) = P(Z > 2)
= 1 - P(Z ≤ 2) = 1 - F(2)
= 1 - 0.9772 = 0.0228
90−80 110−80
3. P(90 < X < 110) = P ( 10
< Z <
10
)

= P(1 < Z < 3) = F(3) - F(1)

= 0.9986 - 0.8413 = 0.1573
OR
Total number of balls = 5 + 2 = 7
Two balls are drawn at random.
Let X denote the number of black balls drawn, then X can take values 0, 1, 2.
5
C2
P(X = 0) = P(no black ball) = 7
=
5.4

7.6
=
10

21
C2

5 2
C1 × C1
P(X = 1) = P(one black ball) = 7
=
10

21
C2
2
C2
P(X = 2) = P(two black balls) = 7
=
1

21
.
C2

0 1 2
∴ Probability distribution of the number of black balls drawn is ( 10 10 1
.
)

21 21 21

We construct the following table:

xi pi pixi pi x
2
i

10
0 21
0 0
10 10 10
1 21 21 21

1 2 4
2 21 21 21

12 14
Total 21 21

Mean = Σp i xi =
12

21
=
4

7
.

Variance Σp 2
i ẋi − (Σpi xi )
2
=
14

21
− (
4

7
)

2 16 98−48 50
= − = = .
3 49 147 147

35. To determine whether Mrs. Jain should buy the bond, we need to calculate the bond's yield to maturity (YTM) and compare it to
her minimum required rate of return of 15%. The YTM represents the total return an investor can expect to receive if they hold the
bond until maturity.
First, let's calculate the YTM using the given information:

Page 17 of 20
 Current Bond Price (P) = ₹ 870
Par Value (F) = ₹ 1,000
Coupon Payment (C) = ₹ 1,000 × 11% = ₹ 110 per year
Number of Years to Maturity (n) = 5
Using the formula for YTM, we need to find the discount rate (YTM) that makes the present value of the bond's cash flows equal
to the current price:
C+F
P= C

1
+ C

2
+ ... + n
(1+Y T M) (1+Y T M) (1+Y T M)

110 110 110 110 110+1000

870 = 1
+ 2
+ 3
+ 4
+ 5
(1+Y T M) (1+Y T M) (1+Y T M) (1+Y T M) (1+Y T M)

You've already been given that (1.15)-5 = 0.4971. You can use this value to simplify the equation:
110 110 110 110 110+1000
870 = 1+Y T M
+ 2
+ 3
+ 4
+ 0.4971
(1+Y T M) (1+Y T M) (1+Y T M)

Now, solve for YTM using this equation. You can use numerical methods or financial calculators to find YTM. When you solve
for YTM, you'll find that it's approximately 19.72%.
Since the calculated YTM (19.72%) is greater than Mrs. Jain's minimum required rate of return (15%), the bond appears to offer a
yield higher than her required return. Therefore, she should consider buying the bond, as it seems to provide a potentially
favorable return relative to her investment criteria. However, she should also consider other factors such as her risk tolerance and
investment goals before making a decision.
Section E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
A telephone company in a town has 500 subscribers on its list and collects fixed charges of 300 per subscriber per year. The
company proposes to increases the annual subscription and it is believed that for every increase of ₹ 1 one subscriber will
discontinue the service.

(i) R(x) = -x2 + 200x + 150000

(ii) R'(x) = 0
(iii)₹ 100
OR
49
37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
In year 2000, Mr. Talwar took a home loan of ₹ 30,00,000 from State Bank of India at 7.5 % p.a. compounded monthly for 20
years.
(i) Given P = ₹ 30,00,000, i = =0.00625, 7.5

1200

n = 12 × 20 = 240 months.
240
3000000×0.00625(1.00625)
EMI = 240
(1.00625) −1

=
3000000×0.00625×4.4608

3.4608
= ₹ 24167.82.
(ii) Given P = ₹ 30,00,000, i = 7.5

1200
=0.00625,
n = 12 × 20 = 240 months.
240−150+1 91
EMI [(1+i) −1] 24167.82[(1.00625) −1]

Interest paid in 150th payment = 240−150+1

=
91
(1+i) (1.00625)

=
24167.82×0.7629

1.7629
= ₹ 10458.69
(iii)Given P = ₹ 30,00,000, i = 7.5

1200
=0.00625,
n = 12 × 20 = 240 months.

Page 18 of 20
 Principal paid in 150th payment = EMI - Interest paid in 150th payment
=₹ 24167.82 - ₹ 10458.69 = ₹ 13709.13.
OR
7.5
Given P = ₹ 30,00,000, i = 1200
=0.00625,
n = 12 × 20 = 240 months.
Total interest paid = n × EM! - P = 240 × 24167.82 - 30,00,000 = ₹2800276.80
38. The input-output coefficients may be arranged in the following tabular form:
INPUT-OUTPUT TABLE
Input

Steel Coal
Output
Steel 0.4 0.1

Coal 0.7 0.6

Let A denote the input-output coefficient matrix or the technology matrix. Then
0.4 0.1
A=[ ]
0.7 0.6

The Leontief matrix is given by

1 0 0.4 0.1 0.6 −0.1
I-A=[ ]− [ ]= [ ]
0 1 0.7 0.6 −0.7 0.4

∣ 0.6 −0.1 ∣
∴ |I - A| = ∣ ∣ = 0.24 - 0.07 = 0.17
∣ −0.7 0.4 ∣

We find that |I - A| > 0 and diagonal elements of A are all less than 1. So, Hawkins-Simon conditions are satisfied and hence the
system is viable.
Let the gross output of steel and coal be x1 units and x2 units respectively to meet the final demand given by the demand vector D
50 x1
=[ ] . Further, let X = [ ]. Then,
100 x2

X = (I - A)-1D ...(i)
Now,
0.6 −0.1
I-A=[ ]
−0.7 0.4

0.4 0.1
⇒ adj (I - A) = [ ]
0.7 0.6

0.4 0.1
∴ (I - A)-1 = 1

0.17
[ ]
0.7 0.6

Substituting the values of (I - A)-1 and D in (i), we obtain

30
0.4 0.1 50 20 + 10 176.5
X= 0.17
1
[ ][ ] = 1

0.17
[ ]= [
0.17

95
] = [ ]
0.7 0.6 100 35 + 60 558.8
0.17

x1 176.5
⇒ [ ]= [ ]⇒ x1 = 176.5, x2 = 558.8
x2 558.8

Hence, the gross outputs of steel and coal, for the given demand, are 176.5 and 558.8 tonnes respectively.
OR
Here, we have:
1 0 −2
⎡ ⎤

A =⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
3 4 1

A3 = A2A
1 0 −2 1 0 −2
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
A2 = ⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥ ⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
3 4 1 3 4 1

1 + 0 − 6 0 + 0 − 8 −2 + 0 − 2 −5 −8 −4
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ −2 + 2 + 6 0 + 1 + 8 4 − 2 + 2 ⎥ = ⎢ 6 9 4 ⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
3 − 8 + 3 0 − 4 + 4 −6 + 8 + 1 −2 0 3

Page 19 of 20
 −5 −8 −4 1 0 −2
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤

A2A =⎢ 6 9 4 ⎥ ⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
−2 0 3 3 4 1
2
−5 + 16 − 12 0 − 8 + 16 10 − 16 − 4
⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 6 − 18 + 12 0 − 9 + 16 −12 + 18 + 4 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−2 − 0 + 9 0 − 0 − 12 4 + 0 + 3

−1 −8 −10
⎡ ⎤
=⎢ 0 7 10 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
7 12 7

Now, A3 - A2 - 3A - I
−1 −8 −10 −5 −8 −4 1 0 −2 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 0 7 10 ⎥ − ⎢ 6 9 4 ⎥ − 3 ⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥ − ⎢0 1 0⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
7 12 7 −2 0 3 3 4 1 0 0 1

−1 + 5 −8 + 8 −10 + 4 −3 − 1 −0 − 0 6 − 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 0 − 6 7 − 9 10 − 4 ⎥ + ⎢ 6 − 0 +3 − 1 −6 − 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
7 + 2 12 − 0 7 − 3 −9 − 0 −12 + 0 −3 − 1

4 0 −6 −4 0 6
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ −6 −2 6 ⎥ + ⎢ 6 2 −6 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
9 12 4 −9 −12 −4

0 0 0
⎡ ⎤

= ⎢0 0 0⎥
⎣ ⎦
0 0 0

Thus, A3 - A2 - 3A - I = 0
Multiply both sides by A , we get −1

A-1A3 - A1A2 - 3A-1A - IA-1 = 0

A2 - A - 3I = A-1 ...(since A-1A = I)
⇒ A-1 = (A2 - A - 3I)
−5 −8 −4 1 0 −2 1 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 6 9 4 ⎥ − ⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥ − 3⎢0 1 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−2 0 3 3 4 1 0 0 1

−5 −8 −4 1 0 −2 3 0 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

= ⎢ 6 9 4 ⎥ − ⎢ −2 −1 2 ⎥ − ⎢0 3 0⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
−2 0 3 3 4 1 0 0 3

−5 − 1 − 3 −8 − 0 − 0 −4 + 2 − 0
⎡ ⎤

=⎢ 6 + 2 − 0 7 + 1 − 3 4 − 2 − 0 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−2 − 3 − 0 0 − 4 − 0 3 − 1 − 3

−9 −8 −2
⎡ ⎤
=⎢ 8 7 2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−5 −4 −1

−9 −8 −2
⎡ ⎤

Hence, A-1 = ⎢ 8 7 2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
−5 −4 −1

Page 20 of 20