ENGLISH 04

03 February 2026 00:16

ACTIVE – PASSIVE VOICE (Airforce Exam Notes)

🔹 1. Basic Rule
Voice Structure
Active Subject + Verb + Object
Passive Object + Helping Verb + V3 + (by + subject)
👉 Object active ka subject ban jata hai passive me.
Example:
Active: Ram wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter was written by Ram.

🔹 2. Tense-wise Passive Voice Rules (MOST IMPORTANT)

✅ Present Indefinite
Active: V1 / V1+s
Passive: is/am/are + V3
She writes a letter → A le er is written

✅ Past Indefinite
Active: V2
Passive: was/were + V3
He made tea → Tea was made
⚠ EXAM FAVORITE

✅ Future Indefinite
Active: will + V1
Passive: will be + V3
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Passive: will be + V3
They will finish work → Work will be finished

✅ Present Continuous
Active: is/am/are + Ving
Passive: is/am/are + being + V3
She is cleaning the room → Room is being cleaned

✅ Past Continuous
Active: was/were + Ving
Passive: was/were + being + V3

✅ Present Perfect
Active: has/have + V3
Passive: has/have + been + V3
Someone has stolen my bag → My bag has been stolen

✅ Past Perfect
Active: had + V3
Passive: had + been + V3

❌ Future Continuous / Perfect Continuous

👉 Usually NO passive in exams.

🔹 3. Modals (VERY IMPORTANT)

Active Passive
can/may/must/should + V1 can/may/must/should + be + V3
You must follow rules
→ Rules must be followed
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→ Rules must be followed

⭐ Modal Perfect
Active Passive
modal + have + V3 modal + have been + V3
He should have done work
→ Work should have been done

🔹 4. Imperative Sentences (Commands/Orders)

Structure:
Active: Open the door
Passive: Let + object + be + V3
Open the door → Let the door be opened

Negative Imperative:
Do not touch it
→ Let it not be touched

🔹 5. Sentences with “Make / Let / Have” (Causative Verbs)

🔥 MAKE (Very Important for Airforce)
Active: Subject + make/made + object + V1
Passive: Object + was/were made + to + V1
He made me laugh
→ I was made to laugh
⚠ Ac ve me bare infini ve (V1)
⚠ Passive me to + V1

LET
He let me go
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He let me go
→ I was allowed to go

🔹 6. Questions (Interrogative)
Helping verb first
Did you finish the work?
→ Was the work finished by you?

🔹 7. WH-Questions
Who wrote this letter?
→ By whom was this le er wri en?
⚠ Who → By whom in passive

🔹 8. Phrasal Verbs (Preposition NAHI hatani)

They laughed at him
→ He was laughed at
He looked after the baby
→ The baby was looked after

🔹 9. Verbs that take TWO Objects

He gave me a gift
Two passives possible:
I was given a gi
A gi was given to me

🔹 10. No Passive Voice

Intransitive verbs (no object)
❌ He slept
❌
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❌ She cried

✅ ACTIVE–PASSIVE PRACTICE QUESTIONS (From the Class)

1. He made the children work hard.
2. You are requested to join the culinary club.
3. Whom does he look for?
4. They say that stars have life on them.
5. It is time to say our prayers.
6. Everyone looked up to him.
7. The criminal has to obey the court.
8. My books have been stolen.
9. They are painting the walls.
10. Our Constitution has guaranteed us the right to speech.
11. Beware of pickpockets.
12. Did you send the mail?
13. People regarded him as an impostor.
14. We were paid a visit by Mr. Banerjee.
15. They will cast their vote.
16. I will stand by you.
17. This house is used very rarely by us.
18. Why was the matter brought to my notice?
19. This material feels rough.
20. Mangoes taste delicious. (practice example given by teacher)
21. The surface feels smooth.
22. 200 people were arrested by the police.
23. You may look forward to good news.
24. Help the needy.
25. They did not know me.
26. We must now deal with this problem.
27. You will have to put on your sweater.
28. I did not see “Three Idiots”.
29. Why do you dislike the poor?
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29. Why do you dislike the poor?
30. They must hang the rapist in public. (context: punishment)
31. You will have to pull down this illegal construction.
32. Let not the poor be insulted.
33. We are shocked at the news of his untimely demise.
34. Who can question Gandhi’s integrity?
35. Who taught English?
36. Who has broken the glass?
37. Who is playing chess?
38. Open the door.
39. Where did you buy this pen?
40. I was given a watch.
41. They should shoot the terrorist dead.
42. Honey is made by bees.
43. Who wrote this article?
44. Why should we be suspected by you?
45. The accused would not have told a lie.
46. She hung the picture on the wall. (not execution meaning)
47. They are buying new trousers.
48. Love your neighbours.
49. My wife made me wash the clothes.
50. How many books do you read?
51. I am going to buy an iPhone. (homework question at end)

✅ ANSWERS (Active ↔ Passive)

1. He made the children work hard.
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 1. He made the children work hard.
→ The children were made to work hard (by him).
2. You are requested to join the culinary club.
→ Please join the culinary club.
3. Whom does he look for?
→ Who is looked for by him?
4. They say that stars have life on them.
→ It is said that stars have life on them.
5. It is time to say our prayers.
→ It is time for our prayers to be said.
6. Everyone looked up to him.
→ He was looked up to by everyone.
7. The criminal has to obey the court.
→ The court has to be obeyed by the criminal.
8. My books have been stolen.
→ Someone has stolen my books.
9. They are painting the walls.
→ The walls are being painted by them.
10. Our Constitution has guaranteed us the right to speech.
→ We have been guaranteed the right to speech by our
Constitution.
11. Beware of pickpockets.
→ You are advised to beware of pickpockets.
12. Did you send the mail?
→ Was the mail sent by you?
13. People regarded him as an impostor.
→ He was regarded as an impostor by people.
14. We were paid a visit by Mr. Banerjee.
→ Mr. Banerjee paid us a visit.
15. They will cast their vote.
→ Their vote will be cast by them.
16. I will stand by you.
→ You will be stood by me.
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 → You will be stood by me.
17. This house is used very rarely by us.
→ We use this house very rarely.
18. Why was the matter brought to my notice?
→ Why did they bring the matter to my notice?
19. This material feels rough.
→ This material is rough when it is felt.
20. Mangoes taste delicious.
→ Mangoes are delicious when they are tasted.
21. The surface feels smooth.
→ The surface is smooth when it is felt.
22. 200 people were arrested by the police.
→ The police arrested 200 people.
23. You may look forward to good news.
→ Good news may be looked forward to by you.
24. Help the needy.
→ Let the needy be helped.
25. They did not know me.
→ I was not known by them.
26. We must now deal with this problem.
→ This problem must now be dealt with by us.
27. You will have to put on your sweater.
→ Your sweater will have to be put on by you.
28. I did not see “Three Idiots”.
→ “Three Idiots” was not seen by me.
29. Why do you dislike the poor?
→ Why are the poor disliked by you?
30. They must hang the rapist in public.
→ The rapist must be hanged in public.
31. You will have to pull down this illegal construction.
→ This illegal construction will have to be pulled down by
you.
32. Let not the poor be insulted.
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32. Let not the poor be insulted.
→ Do not insult the poor.
33. We are shocked at the news of his untimely demise.
→ The news of his untimely demise has shocked us.
34. Who can question Gandhi’s integrity?
→ By whom can Gandhi’s integrity be questioned?
35. Who taught English?
→ By whom was English taught?
36. Who has broken the glass?
→ By whom has the glass been broken?
37. Who is playing chess?
→ By whom is chess being played?
38. Open the door.
→ Let the door be opened.
39. Where did you buy this pen?
→ Where was this pen bought by you?
40. I was given a watch.
→ Someone gave me a watch.
41. They should shoot the terrorist dead.
→ The terrorist should be shot dead by them.
42. Honey is made by bees.
→ Bees make honey.
43. Who wrote this article?
→ By whom was this article written?
44. Why should we be suspected by you?
→ Why should you suspect us?
45. The accused would not have told a lie.
→ A lie would not have been told by the accused.
46. She hung the picture on the wall.
→ The picture was hung on the wall by her.
47. They are buying new trousers.
→ New trousers are being bought by them.
48. Love your neighbours.
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48. Love your neighbours.
→ Let your neighbours be loved.
49. My wife made me wash the clothes.
→ I was made to wash the clothes by my wife.
50. How many books do you read?
→ How many books are read by you?
51. I am going to buy an iPhone.
→ An iPhone is going to be bought by me.

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