AMALTAS INSTITUTE OF NURSING SCIENCES
BANGAR DEWAS [M.P.]
Session 2022-2023 Subject: -
Nursing education
PROJECT METHOD
SUBMITTED TO :
SUBMITTED BY
Dr. MOHMMAD MOHSIN KHAN
Miss AKANKSHA CHAVHAN
HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
[Link].(N) 1ST YEAR
NURSING EDUCATION
AMALTAS INSTITUTE OF
AMALTAS INSTITUTE OF
NUSRING SCIENCES DEWAS
NUSRING SCIENCES DEWAS
1
PROJECT METHOD
Definition:-
‘A project is a problematic act carried to completion in its natural setting.’
Stevenson. (OR)
A whole – hearted, purposeful activity proceeding in social environment.
Dr. William , H Kilpartrick.
(OR)
Any unit of purposeful experience in which the dominating purpose is an inner urge that fixes
the aim or objective.
Characteristics of a good project method :-
• It should be problematic in nature.
• The method aims at teaching the child to get best out of life.
• Project method gives an opportunity for self – expression; it gives an opportunity for
relating self to community.
• The experiment of the project method wants to reset the whole curriculum & break
all barriers of subject matter.
• The project method proposes the activities involved in complete understanding.
• A project can be a large unit of appreciation learning or of attitude development that
increases motor skills & technical knowledge.
• A project is a play-activity & children engaged in the carrying out of a project.
• The project method is a complete surrender to the child’s point of view.
• In the project method the procedure of the school is liable to be determined by
technique of workshop, because the child learns much better from his own activity
than from constant instruction.
• An attempt is made to establish a positive relation with life.
• The project method lends itself naturally to group work.
• It is a large unit plan of teaching. A project is a learning unit of appreciable length,
difficulty & learning value.
• The method seeks to have individual see & understand life in its unity.
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Types of project:-
By Dr. Kilpatrick:-He has suggested 4 types
• Producer type:-Projects in which pupils are getting to do something like building a house
or garden , planning to execute a model of a textile factory etc. are called producer type
projects.
• Consumer type:-Projects in which pupils are getting the experience & are enjoying,
engaged in consumer type.
• Problem type:-Project in which solution to a problem , is to be found out.
• Drill type:- An activity once performed , is repeated to acquire greater skill,[Link]
or singing.
According to purposes and objectives:-
• Projects calling for the production of some physical or material product.
• Learning project, acquisition of some ability.
• Intellectual or problem project.
Principals of project method:
• The Principle of Purpose: Knowledge of purpose is a great stimulus which motivates the
child to realize his goal. The child must have an ideal. ‘Why is he doing certain things?’
Purpose motivates learning. Interest cannot be aroused by aimless and meaningless
activities.
• . The Principle of Activity: Opportunities should be provided to students that make them
active and learn things by doing. Physical as well as mental activities are to be provided
to them. They are to be allowed to ‘do’ and to
‘live through doing’.
• The Priniciple of Experience: Experience is the best teacher. What is learnt must be
experienced. The children learn new facts and information through experience
• . The Priniciple of Social Experience: The child is a social being and we have to prepare
the student for social life. Training for a corporate life must be given to him. In the
project method, the students works in groups.
• . The Principle of Reality: Life is real and education to be meaningful must be [Link]
project method is a method of education the child and therefore, it must also be real.
Real life situations should be presented in the life of the school.
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• The Principle of Freedom: The desire for an activity must be spontaneous and not forced
by the teacher. The student should be free from imposition, restrictions or obstructions
so that he may express himself fully and freely. He must be given the freedom to choose
an activity, to do an activity according to his interests, needs and capacities.
• The Principle of Utility: Knowledge will be worthwhile only when it is useful and
practical. This method develops various attitudes and values which are of grea
significance from the practical point of view.
Essentials of good project : -
• Project should have educational value.
• It should be timely
• It should be challenging.
• It should be feasible.
• It should consider the cost & availability of material.
• It must have a bearing on a great number of subjects.
Steps In developing project: -
• Purposing.
• Planning.
• Execution
• Judging • Reporting.
Organizing a project:-
• Good planning should be done by the students.
• The teacher must exercise guidance in selection of project.
• Whole heartedness acceptance of the project is necessary, beforehand.
• The project is an activity to fulfill certain purposes.
• To avoid certain interruptions and delay later,Sufficient preparation must be done
before Executing a project
• During the execution, the teacher should carefully supervise the pupils in manipulative
skills to prevent waste of material and to guard against accidents.
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Advantages of project method:-
1. Follow the psychological principal of learning. i.e.
Law of readiness.
Law of exercise. Law of
effect.
2. Give freedom to pupils.
3. Suited to the psychological concept of maturation.
4. Social values derive.
5. Training for social adjustment.
6. Saves children from insincerity and superficiality.
7. Trains for a democratic way of life.
8. Learning through practical problem solving.
9. Student and teacher grow.
10. Confers on school work a much needed sense of reality.
11. Intrinsic sense of reality.
12. Satisfaction of completing the whole the task.
13. Economical: the children take more interest and learn in the shortest possible time.
14. Upholds the dignity of labor.
15. Ideal for science work, handicraft, practical geography and dramatic work in literature.
Limitations:-
1. Learning haphazard & incidental.
2. The role of communication subordinated to the glorification of active learning.
3. Time consuming & limited by availability of resources.
4. Most valuable among people of lesser academic ability.
5. Leaves gaps in the pupil’s knowledge.
6. May be too ambitious & beyond the pupil capacity.
7. Opportunities for correlation with the academic subjects are extremely limited.
8. The method of organizing it unsystematized & upsets the regular timetable work.
9. Difficult to ensure any kind of systematic progress.
10. Too ambitious.
11. Student may ignore maxim working from the simple to complex.
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Conclusion:-
The pupil should estimate the qualities of what they have done before the teacher gives her
evaluation. Due to this, pupil can know the value of information, interest, skills and attitudes
that have been modified by the project.
Bibliography: -
• Neeraja,KP.(2007).Textbook of Nursing Education. (ed 1s)[Link] Delhi: Japeee
publication pvt. Ltd.
• Basavanthappa,B.T.(2004).Nursing Education.(ed.1st). New Delhi: Japeee publication
pvt. Ltd.
• HELM, JUDY H., and KATZ, LILIAN G. 2001. Young Investigators: The Project Approach in
the Early Years. New York: Teachers College Press.
•
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