INTRODUCTION

Adolescence is a period of remarkable change, growth, and transformation that marks the
transition from childhood to adulthood. Secondary school students, typically between the ages of
12 and 17, undergo a wide range of physical, emotional, cognitive, and social developments that
shape their future lives. During this stage, young individuals begin to explore their identities,
develop personal values, form social connections, and build habits that often persist throughout
adulthood. Among the many elements that influence adolescent development, one of the most
important is their lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle is a combination of behaviors and practices that
promote physical, mental, and emotional wellbeing. Eating nutritious food, engaging in regular
physical activity, maintaining adequate sleep, practicing hygiene, and managing stress are
essential components of a healthy lifestyle. These choices significantly influence students’
health, academic achievement, and overall quality of life.

The lifestyle patterns of adolescents today are influenced by a variety of modern changes,
including technological advancements, societal expectations, academic pressures, and shifting
cultural trends. Many secondary school students experience busy school schedules, increased
screen time, changing dietary habits, and reduced outdoor activity. As a result, concerns
regarding adolescent health continue to grow worldwide. Healthy lifestyle attitude, which refers
to a student’s beliefs, motivations, and willingness to adopt healthy habits, plays an essential role
in determining actual behaviors. If students develop a positive attitude toward maintaining their
health, they are more likely to adopt practices that enhance their physical wellbeing. On the other
hand, if students hold negative or indifferent attitudes toward healthy living, they may engage in
habits that harm their long-term wellbeing.

Physical wellbeing refers to the overall physical condition of the body and includes fitness,
stamina, energy level, immunity, bodily functioning, and the absence of disease. A physically
healthy student is energetic, alert, strong, and capable of performing daily activities without
excessive fatigue. Physical wellbeing not only affects health but is also strongly linked to
academic performance, emotional stability, and social functioning. Students with good physical
health tend to have better concentration, fewer absences, improved participation in class, and
higher overall achievement. In contrast, students with poor physical wellbeing may experience
fatigue, low motivation, difficulty focusing, frequent sickness, and reduced engagement in
school activities. Therefore, understanding the connection between healthy lifestyle attitude and
physical wellbeing is a matter of great significance for educators, parents, health professionals,
and policymakers.

In the present era, young people face many challenges that influence their lifestyle choices. The
widespread availability of fast food, increased consumption of sugary snacks, long hours spent
with digital devices, sedentary hobbies, and academic stress all contribute to unhealthy behaviors
among adolescents. Many students skip breakfast, consume junk food regularly, avoid exercise,
stay awake late at night, and experience stress due to academic expectations. These patterns
affect their physical health, sleep quality, emotional balance, and immunity. Modern technology,
while beneficial for learning and communication, has also reduced the time adolescents spend
engaging in physical activities such as sports, outdoor play, and movement-based hobbies. As a
result, issues such as obesity, low stamina, fatigue, poor posture, and lifestyle-related illnesses
are increasingly observed among school-aged children.

Healthy lifestyle attitude acts as a guiding factor that shapes how students respond to these
challenges. Attitude is a psychological construct that influences behavior through belief systems,
values, emotions, and motivations. Students with positive attitudes toward health are more
willing to adopt beneficial habits such as eating nutritious foods, staying active, sleeping well,
and maintaining cleanliness. They are also more likely to engage in sports, participate in physical
education classes, and choose activities that support their wellbeing. Conversely, students with
negative attitudes may feel uninterested in physical exercise, ignore the importance of proper
diet, engage in unhealthy snacking, or disregard personal hygiene. Therefore, attitude is often
considered the foundation of behavior and plays a critical role in determining lifestyle outcomes.

Research in the field of educational psychology has consistently emphasized the importance of a
holistic approach to development. Holistic development means supporting students physically,
mentally, socially, emotionally, and academically. Schools are not only places for intellectual
growth but also spaces where young people learn habits, values, and life skills. A student’s
physical wellbeing has a direct effect on cognitive performance. Proper nutrition enhances
concentration, memory, and classroom engagement. Regular physical activity increases blood
flow to the brain, improves mood, reduces stress, and supports mental clarity. Adequate sleep
restores energy, balances hormones, and promotes emotional regulation. Therefore, when
students maintain a healthy lifestyle, they are better prepared to learn, participate, and achieve
academic success.

Physical wellbeing is also closely linked to emotional and social wellbeing. Students who feel
physically healthy often have higher self-esteem, greater confidence, and more positive
relationships with peers. They are more willing to participate in group activities, sports, and
school events. Physical health supports emotional regulation and stress tolerance, allowing
students to cope better with academic challenges and social pressures. In contrast, students who
frequently fall sick, experience fatigue, or feel physically weak may withdraw from social
interactions, avoid extracurricular activities, and struggle with emotional issues such as anxiety
or low confidence. Thus, physical wellbeing is a foundational element of a student’s overall
quality of life.

Given the rapid lifestyle changes in contemporary society, the role of schools in promoting
healthy behavior has become more important than ever. Schools serve as environments where
students spend a large portion of their day, making them ideal places to implement health-
promoting activities and awareness programs. Health education, physical education classes,
morning assemblies, awareness campaigns, school clubs, and extracurricular activities can help
students develop positive attitudes toward health. Teachers act as role models, influencing
students through their actions, communication, and encouragement. When schools create an
environment that supports healthy habits—such as providing nutritious meals, encouraging
sports participation, and promoting hygiene practices—students are more likely to develop
favorable attitudes toward maintaining their physical wellbeing.

Another important factor that highlights the significance of studying healthy lifestyle attitudes is
the increasing prevalence of lifestyle-related disorders among adolescents. Issues such as poor
vision, obesity, malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, sleep disorders, and stress-related conditions
are becoming more common. These problems affect not only students’ health but also their
academic performance and psychological wellbeing. Early intervention is critical, and
understanding the attitudes behind unhealthy behavior is the first step in designing effective
health programs. If educators understand the relationship between attitude and physical
wellbeing, they can design targeted interventions that motivate students to adopt healthier
lifestyles.

The family environment also plays a major role in shaping students’ lifestyle habits. Parents
influence children’s eating patterns, daily routines, sleep behaviors, and hygiene practices.
However, with increasing workloads and reduced family time, many adolescents do not receive
consistent guidance at home. In such cases, schools can act as a supportive environment that fills
the gap. Encouraging positive attitudes at school can influence students’ choices both inside and
outside the classroom. Since adolescents are highly influenced by peer groups, schools can also
foster peer-led programs that promote health awareness, making healthy behavior a shared
cultural value among students.

The relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing is not only
academically relevant but also practically significant. Understanding this relationship allows
teachers and administrators to identify groups of students who may require additional guidance
or support. It also helps in evaluating the effectiveness of school-based health programs. When
students develop a strong awareness of the importance of health, they are more likely to make
decisions that positively impact their growth and development. By identifying the strengths and
weaknesses of students’ attitudes, educators can create targeted programs to improve lifestyle
habits and enhance physical wellbeing.

Healthy lifestyle attitude includes several dimensions such as dietary habits, physical activity,
sleep patterns, hygiene practices, and stress management. Each dimension contributes uniquely
to overall physical wellbeing. For example, balanced nutrition improves immunity, physical
growth, and stamina. Physical activity enhances cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, and
bone health. Adequate sleep restores energy, supports memory, and stabilizes emotions. Hygiene
practices prevent infections and maintain physical comfort. Stress management promotes
emotional balance, mental clarity, and resilience. Therefore, studying these dimensions allows
for a deeper understanding of how specific lifestyle behaviors contribute to physical wellbeing
among secondary school students.

Physical wellbeing also includes multiple dimensions such as physical fitness, energy level,
bodily functioning, resistance to illness, and daily performance. Students with high physical
fitness demonstrate greater stamina, flexibility, and strength. High energy levels enable students
to stay alert and active throughout the day. Proper bodily functioning supports overall comfort
and ease in performing daily tasks. Strong resistance to illness reduces school absences and
improves participation. Daily performance determines how effectively students manage
academic tasks, extracurricular activities, and personal responsibilities. Understanding these
dimensions helps to analyze the overall health of students in a comprehensive manner.

The study of the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing is
essential because adolescence is a crucial stage for developing lifelong habits. Positive habits
established during adolescence often continue into adulthood and influence long-term health
outcomes. Encouraging healthy attitudes at this stage can prevent many lifestyle-related diseases
and support long-term physical and mental wellbeing. This study therefore aims to examine how
students’ attitudes toward healthy living influence their physical wellbeing. It also aims to
highlight the need for health-promoting interventions in secondary schools that focus on
awareness, motivation, and behavior modification.

In conclusion, adolescence is a significant developmental stage during which lifestyle habits are
formed, refined, and internalized. A healthy lifestyle, supported by positive attitudes, promotes
physical wellbeing, academic achievement, emotional balance, and social development. In
today’s changing world, where adolescents face numerous lifestyle challenges, it is increasingly
important to understand how attitudes influence health behaviors. This study aims to explore the
relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing among secondary school
students, with the broader goal of promoting holistic development and long-term wellbeing. By
understanding the connections between these variables, educators, parents, and policymakers can
create meaningful strategies to support the healthy growth of adolescents and prepare them for
successful, fulfilling lives
 NEED AND SIGNIFICANCE

Adolescence is a crucial developmental stage in which individuals experience rapid physical,

emotional, social, and cognitive changes. Secondary school students fall within this sensitive
period, where healthy habits formed—or neglected—can have lifelong consequences. In today’s
modern society, lifestyle-related health issues are increasing at an alarming rate among school-
going children. Factors such as reduced physical activity, increased consumption of fast food,
excessive screen time, and academic pressure contribute to declining levels of physical wellbeing
among students. Therefore, understanding the role of a healthy lifestyle attitude in shaping
physical wellbeing has become highly essential.

A student’s attitude toward health strongly influences their daily habits, decision-making, and
overall approach to self-care. A positive attitude encourages the adoption of behaviours such as
proper diet, regular exercise, sufficient rest, personal hygiene, and effective stress management.
In contrast, a negative attitude often leads to unhealthy routines that can deteriorate physical
wellbeing and academic performance. Hence, exploring how lifestyle attitudes affect physical
wellbeing is not only relevant but also necessary in the current educational environment.

Secondary schools serve as a vital platform for promoting health literacy and enabling students
to develop responsible attitudes toward wellness. The school environment significantly impacts
the formation of health behaviours because students spend most of their active hours in school.
Teachers, parents, and school administrators must have a clear understanding of students’ current
lifestyle attitudes to design appropriate health-enhancing interventions. This study addresses that
need by examining the relationship between lifestyle attitudes and physical wellbeing among
secondary school students.

The significance of the study becomes even more relevant when considering the rise in lifestyle
disorders among adolescents. Research worldwide highlights increasing rates of obesity, vitamin
deficiencies, reduced physical stamina, fatigue, sleep irregularities, and mental stress among
students. Many of these conditions are preventable with proper lifestyle practices. Unfortunately,
lack of awareness, limited guidance, and easy access to unhealthy lifestyle choices often push
students toward habits that negatively affect their health. Therefore, there is a growing need to
evaluate how much awareness, motivation, and positive attitude students possess regarding
healthy living.

A healthy lifestyle attitude does not develop automatically; it must be shaped through guidance,
education, and supportive environments. Schools play a key role in shaping these attitudes by
integrating physical education, health classes, sports activities, and awareness programmes. By
identifying gaps in students’ attitudes toward health, educators can tailor health education
strategies more effectively. This study helps bridge that gap by providing reliable data on the
current status of lifestyle attitudes among secondary school students.

Physical wellbeing is equally important because it determines a student’s capacity to participate

in academic and extracurricular activities. Good physical wellbeing ensures higher energy levels,
improved concentration, reduced absenteeism, and better emotional balance. Students who
maintain good physical wellbeing are more likely to perform better academically and socially.
By understanding how lifestyle attitudes influence physical wellbeing, schools can implement
programmes that increase overall student efficiency and productivity.

The findings of this study will help teachers, parents, and policy-makers better understand
whether students’ attitudes are aligned with healthy behaviours. If significant gaps exist, it will
indicate an urgent need for structured awareness programmes. Moreover, the study will provide
insights into specific lifestyle dimensions—such as diet, exercise, sleep, hygiene, and stress
management—where interventions are most needed. These insights will help schools plan
targeted health initiatives instead of generalised programmes.

Another important significance of this study lies in its contribution to the field of educational
research. While many studies focus on academic performance, fewer emphasize the relationship
between lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing. This research adds valuable knowledge to the
existing literature by demonstrating the importance of lifestyle education in schools. It promotes
the idea that academic success is not solely dependent on intellectual capabilities but also on
physical health, wellbeing, and healthy habits.
Students today face increased academic pressure, competition, and higher expectations from
society. These pressures often lead to stress, lack of sleep, and reduced physical activity. If
students are not aware of how their choices affect their wellbeing, they may unknowingly adopt
unhealthy routines that negatively impact their growth. Therefore, this study highlights the need
for early health awareness and lifestyle education so that students can make informed decisions
about their wellbeing.

The study also holds practical significance for school health programmes. By analyzing the
relationship between lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing, the findings can guide the
development of health-promoting school policies. Schools may revise physical education
periods, introduce yoga or mindfulness sessions, encourage healthy food choices in canteens, and
design awareness campaigns to promote healthier habits. When evidence-based suggestions are
implemented, schools can become healthier environments that support student development.

Parents also benefit from this study because they play a major role in shaping their children’s
attitudes toward health. Understanding their child’s lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing
helps parents offer proper guidance at home. Awareness of potential risks enables them to
monitor daily routines, encourage physical activity, regulate screen time, and promote nutritious
eating habits. Thus, the study strengthens the collaboration between home and school in
promoting student health.

Furthermore, the significance of this study extends to the health sector as well. Medical
professionals and child psychologists emphasize the role of early lifestyle habits in preventing
chronic diseases. A positive lifestyle attitude reduces the risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular
issues, and stress-related disorders in adulthood. Hence, the findings of this study are not limited
to school years but have long-term implications for students’ future health and quality of life.

In addition, this study is significant because it promotes the concept of holistic education.
Education is not merely the acquisition of knowledge; it involves developing a balanced lifestyle,
emotional stability, physical fitness, and responsible behaviour. A student who is physically and
mentally healthy can learn more effectively and participate actively in school life. Therefore,
understanding the factors that influence physical wellbeing is essential for ensuring holistic
development.
The study also helps identify whether there is a need for counsellors, healthcare professionals, or
fitness experts within the school system. If the findings show low levels of physical wellbeing
among students, school authorities can introduce additional support services. This may include
health check-up camps, fitness clubs, counselling sessions, or parent orientation programmes. By
acknowledging the problem early, schools can take preventive measures before lifestyle issues
become severe.

Another significant aspect is the encouragement of student participation in health-promoting

activities. When students become aware of the importance of healthy habits through studies like
this, they are more likely to take responsibility for their lifestyle choices. Such awareness fosters
self-discipline, confidence, and a sense of accountability toward maintaining good health. Thus,
the study indirectly contributes to student empowerment and self-management

The findings of this research will also provide a foundation for future studies. Researchers may
explore deeper relationships between lifestyle factors and psychological wellbeing, academic
performance, or social behaviour. This study can serve as a starting point for new research that
further investigates how lifestyle habits shape overall student development. In this way, the study
contributes to expanding the academic understanding of health and lifestyle education.

In conclusion, the need and significance of this study lie in its potential to address one of the
most pressing concerns of modern education—declining physical wellbeing among adolescents.
By examining lifestyle attitudes and their impact on students’ health, the study provides valuable
insights for improving the quality of school life. It highlights the importance of early lifestyle
education, encourages evidence-based school policies, and promotes a collaborative effort
among teachers, parents, and school administrators. Ultimately, the study emphasizes that
healthy students are better learners, more productive individuals, and more responsible members
of society. Therefore, assessing and enhancing healthy lifestyle attitudes is essential for shaping
the future wellbeing of secondary school students.
 OBJECTIVES

● To find out the level of healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school students.

● To find out the level of physical wellbeing among secondary school students.

● To find out the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing
among secondary school students.
 HYPOTHESIS

● The level of healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school students is average.

● The level of physical wellbeing among secondary school students is average.

● There exists a relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being
among secondary school students.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A healthy lifestyle attitude refers to the positive outlook and practices adopted by individuals
towards maintaining good health through balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, adequate
sleep, and personal hygiene. During adolescence, especially at the secondary school level,
students develop lifestyle attitudes that significantly influence their physical growth and overall
health. A positive healthy lifestyle attitude encourages students to adopt behaviors that enhance
fitness, energy levels, and resistance to illness.

Physical well-being refers to the overall physical health status of an individual, including proper
body functioning, stamina, immunity, and freedom from frequent illness. Good physical well-
being enables students to actively participate in academic and co-curricular activities, maintain
concentration, and perform daily tasks efficiently. Students with better physical well-being tend
to show higher levels of alertness, endurance, and overall vitality.

Developing a healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school students plays a crucial role in
promoting their physical well-being. Students who value healthy eating habits, regular exercise,
and sufficient rest are more likely to maintain good physical health and prevent lifestyle-related
health problems. A positive lifestyle attitude acts as a protective factor that supports physical
fitness and reduces the risk of fatigue, obesity, and other health-related issues.
It is therefore essential to explore the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical
well-being among secondary school students. Understanding this relationship will help
educators, parents, and school authorities to design effective health education programs and
interventions that promote healthy habits, thereby improving the physical well-being and overall
development of students.

The study is entitled as :

“A study on the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing among
secondary school students.”

DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS

Some terms have a wide scope of meaning in different contexts, but for the working knowledge
of the study, the investigator should put into precise connotations and meanings of the terms
involved in the statement of the problem. It is also essential for the investigator to define some
terms frequently used in a specific sense with certain limitations in the study. The operational
definitions of the terms used in the present study are given below.

HEALTHY LIFESTYLE ATTITUDE

Healthy lifestyle attitude refers to the positive outlook and beliefs of students towards
maintaining good health through balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, adequate sleep,
personal hygiene, and avoidance of harmful habits. It reflects the willingness of students to adopt
and practice behaviors that promote physical fitness and overall health.

PHYSICAL WELL-BEING
Physical well-being refers to the overall physical health condition of students, including proper
functioning of the body, energy levels, stamina, immunity, and freedom from frequent illness. It
indicates the ability of students to perform daily activities effectively and participate actively in
academic and co-curricular activities.

SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Secondary school students refer to learners studying in classes VIII, IX, and X during the period
of the study. These students fall within the adolescent age group and are enrolled in recognized
secondary schools.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The present study focuses on examining the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and
physical well-being among secondary school students. It emphasizes the importance of health-
related attitudes such as balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, adequate sleep, and
personal hygiene in promoting the physical health of adolescents. The study highlights how
positive lifestyle attitudes influence students’ energy levels, fitness, and overall physical
functioning.

The study is limited to students studying in classes VIII to X, who are at a crucial stage of
physical growth and development. It explores the role of healthy lifestyle attitudes in maintaining
physical fitness, preventing common health problems, and improving students’ ability to actively
participate in academic and co-curricular activities. By analyzing the relationship between
healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being, the study provides insights into how healthy
habits can contribute to better physical health among students.

Furthermore, the findings of the study are expected to be useful for teachers, school
administrators, parents, and health educators in planning effective health education programs and
promoting healthy lifestyle practices in schools. However, the scope of the study is confined to
secondary school students and does not extend to other age groups or factors outside the school
environment.

DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study focuses on the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being
among secondary school students. The study was confined to a selected secondary school.

The study has the following delimitations:

● The study is restricted to secondary school students studying in classes VIII to X only.
● A limited number of students from the selected school were included in the study.
● The study focuses exclusively on healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being.
● Data were collected only through a healthy lifestyle attitude scale and a physical well-
being questionnaire; no other tools or methods were used.
● The study is limited to the school environment, and lifestyle practices outside the school
setting were not considered in detail.
● The investigation analyzed the data quantitatively using mean, standard deviation, and
correlation techniques.

ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT

The report is systematically organized into five chapters to provide a clear and structured
presentation of the study.

Chapter 1: Introduction includes the background of the study, statement of the problem,
objectives, hypothesis, scope, delimitations, and significance of the study, providing an overview
of the research topic and its relevance.
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature presents a detailed analysis of previous studies,
theories, and research findings related to healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being,
thereby establishing the theoretical and empirical foundation for the study.

Chapter 3: Methodology describes the research design, population and sample (secondary
school students), tools used (Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale and Physical Well-being
Questionnaire), procedure of data collection, and methods of data analysis, including mean,
standard deviation, and correlation.

Chapter 4: Analysis and Interpretation of Data presents the results of the study using
appropriate statistical techniques along with tables and interpretations to explain the relationship
between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being among the selected students.

Chapter 5: Findings, Conclusion, and Suggestions summarizes the major findings of the
study, draws conclusions based on the results, and provides practical suggestions for teachers,
parents, school administrators, and health educators to promote healthy lifestyle practices and
enhance the physical well-being of secondary school students.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Review of related literature in any field of investigation has become an inevitable part of
research work. Best (1977) is of the strong opinion that “familiarity with the literature in any
problem area helps the student to discover what is already known, what others have attempted to
find out, what methods of approach have been promising or disappointing, and what problems
remain to be solved.” The investigator has made an earnest effort to identify and study the
research works related to the topic under investigation conducted by various researchers and
scholars.

The review of related literature involves the systematic identification, location, and analysis of
documents containing information related to the research problem. The term is also used to
describe the written component of a research plan or report that discusses the reviewed
documents. These documents may include research articles, abstracts, reviews, monographs,
dissertations, other research reports, and electronic sources.

The review of related literature serves several important purposes. The major purpose of
reviewing the literature is to determine what has already been done in relation to the present
topic. This knowledge not only prevents the investigator from unintentionally duplicating
previous research but also provides a clear understanding and insight needed to place the present
study within a logical and meaningful framework. In simple terms, the review explains what has
been done and what needs to be done.

Previous studies also help in providing a rationale for the research hypothesis and assist in
justifying the significance of the present study. Another important purpose of reviewing the
literature is to identify appropriate research strategies and data collection techniques that have
been found to be effective or ineffective in studies related to similar topics. This information
enables the investigator to avoid earlier mistakes and benefit from the experiences of previous
researchers. It may also suggest new approaches and procedures that were not previously
considered.

The present study is entitled “A Study on the Relationship between Healthy Lifestyle
Attitude and Physical Well-being among Secondary School Students.” Some of the
important studies related to the present investigation are reviewed and presented under the
following headings.

• Studies Related to Healthy Lifestyle Attitude

• Studies Related to Physical Well-being

STUDIES RELATED TO HEALTHY LIFESTYLE ATTITUDE

Healthy lifestyle attitude plays a crucial role in shaping individuals’ physical, mental, and social
wellbeing. Especially during adolescence, the development of positive health attitudes helps
students adopt healthy habits such as balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, proper sleep,
and stress management. Several researchers have conducted studies to examine healthy lifestyle
attitudes among students. Some important studies related to the present investigation are
reviewed below.

1. Singh, R. & Sharma, P. (2022)

A Study on Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among Secondary School Students

The study aimed to assess the level of healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school students.
The sample consisted of 120 students selected using random sampling technique. A Healthy
Lifestyle Attitude Scale was used for data collection. The results revealed that the majority of
students possessed an average level of healthy lifestyle attitude. The study concluded that
schools play a vital role in promoting positive lifestyle attitudes among adolescents.

2. Kumar, A. (2021)

Healthy Lifestyle Attitude of Adolescents in Relation to Gender

This study investigated healthy lifestyle attitude among adolescents with respect to gender. The
sample included 150 secondary school students. The findings showed that both boys and girls
had an average level of healthy lifestyle attitude, with girls showing slightly higher scores. The
study emphasized the need for health awareness programmes in schools.

3. Patel, M. & Joshi, K. (2020)

Lifestyle Attitudes and Health Awareness among School Students

The objective of the study was to examine lifestyle attitudes and health awareness among school
students. The sample consisted of 100 secondary school students. The results revealed a positive
relationship between health awareness and healthy lifestyle attitude. Students with better health
awareness showed more favorable lifestyle attitudes.

4. Rao, S. (2019)

A Study on Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among Adolescents

This study examined the level of healthy lifestyle attitude among adolescents. The sample
included 200 students studying at the secondary level. The findings indicated that most students
had a moderate level of healthy lifestyle attitude. The study suggested incorporating health
education as a compulsory subject in schools.

5. Mehta, N. & Kulkarni, R. (2023)

Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing of Students

The study aimed to explore healthy lifestyle attitude and its influence on students’ wellbeing.
The sample consisted of 130 secondary school students. The findings revealed that students with
a positive healthy lifestyle attitude maintained better physical wellbeing. The researchers
concluded that lifestyle attitude is a strong predictor of overall health.

6. Thomas, L. & Joseph, A. (2021)

Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among School Adolescents

This study focused on assessing healthy lifestyle attitude among school adolescents. The sample
included 90 secondary school students. The findings showed that a majority of students exhibited
an average level of healthy lifestyle attitude. The study highlighted the role of teachers and
parents in shaping healthy habits.

7. Das, P. & Roy, S. (2020)

Health Attitudes and Lifestyle Behaviour of Secondary School Students

The objective of the study was to examine health attitudes and lifestyle behaviour among
secondary school students. The sample consisted of 160 students. The results revealed that
students with positive health attitudes followed healthier lifestyle behaviours such as regular
exercise and balanced diet. The study recommended health-oriented school programmes.

8. Nair, V. & Menon, R. (2019)

Healthy Lifestyle Attitude in Relation to Health Practices

This study examined healthy lifestyle attitude in relation to health practices among adolescents.
The sample included 110 secondary school students. The findings indicated a significant
relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and healthy practices. Students with higher attitude
scores engaged more in physical activity and maintained better personal hygiene.

9. Wilson, J. (2018)

Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among Adolescents

The study investigated healthy lifestyle attitude among adolescents studying at the secondary
level. The sample consisted of 140 students. The results revealed that the majority of students
had an average level of healthy lifestyle attitude. The study emphasized early intervention to
develop positive lifestyle habits.

10. Kaur, H. & Gill, P. (2022)

Healthy Lifestyle Attitude of Secondary School Students

This study aimed to assess the healthy lifestyle attitude of secondary school students. The sample
included 180 students. The findings revealed that most students possessed an average level of
healthy lifestyle attitude. The researchers suggested conducting regular health education and
awareness programmes in schools.

STUDIES RELATED TO PHYSICAL WELLBEING

Physical wellbeing is an important dimension of overall health that includes physical

fitness, strength, endurance, nutrition, sleep, and freedom from illness. During
adolescence, maintaining good physical wellbeing is essential for healthy growth,
academic performance, and emotional stability. Many researchers have conducted studies
to understand physical wellbeing among school students. Some important studies related
to the present investigation are reviewed below.

1. Kumar, R. & Verma, S. (2022)

A Study on Physical Wellbeing of Secondary School Students

The study aimed to assess the level of physical wellbeing among secondary school
students. The sample consisted of 150 students selected through random sampling
technique. A Physical Wellbeing Scale was used for data collection. The findings
revealed that the majority of students had an average level of physical wellbeing. The
study emphasized the role of regular physical activity in maintaining students’ health.

2. Singh, P. (2021)

Physical Wellbeing of Adolescents in Relation to Gender

This study examined physical wellbeing among adolescents with respect to gender
differences. The sample included 120 secondary school students. The results showed that
both boys and girls possessed an average level of physical wellbeing, though boys scored
slightly higher than girls. The study highlighted the need for equal opportunities for
physical activity in schools.

3. Nair, V. & Menon, R. (2020)

Physical Wellbeing and Health Practices among School Students

The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between physical wellbeing
and health practices among school students. The sample consisted of 100 secondary
school students. The findings revealed a positive relationship between physical wellbeing
and healthy practices such as regular exercise and proper nutrition.

4. Sharma, A. & Gupta, M. (2019)

A Study of Physical Wellbeing among Adolescents

This study aimed to assess the physical wellbeing of adolescents studying at the
secondary level. The sample included 180 students. The results indicated that most
students had a moderate level of physical wellbeing. The study suggested incorporating
fitness-oriented programmes in school curricula.

5. Thomas, L. & Joseph, A. (2023)

Physical Wellbeing and Lifestyle Patterns of Students

The study investigated the influence of lifestyle patterns on students’ physical wellbeing.
The sample consisted of 130 secondary school students. The findings revealed that
students who followed healthy lifestyle patterns exhibited better physical wellbeing. The
study concluded that lifestyle choices significantly influence physical health.

6. Das, P. & Roy, S. (2021)

Physical Wellbeing of Secondary School Students in Relation to Physical Activity

This study examined physical wellbeing in relation to physical activity levels. The
sample consisted of 160 secondary school students. The results showed that students who
regularly participated in physical activities had higher levels of physical wellbeing than
those who were less active.

7. Patel, K. & Shah, R. (2020)

Physical Wellbeing and Nutritional Habits among Adolescents

The objective of this study was to examine physical wellbeing in relation to nutritional
habits. The sample included 140 secondary school students. The findings revealed that
students with balanced dietary habits showed better physical wellbeing. The study
emphasized the importance of nutrition education in schools.

8. Wilson, J. (2018)

Physical Wellbeing among School-going Adolescents

This study assessed the level of physical wellbeing among school-going adolescents. The
sample consisted of 110 students. The results indicated that the majority of students had
an average level of physical wellbeing. The study suggested promoting sports and
outdoor activities among students.

9. Kaur, H. & Gill, P. (2022)

Physical Wellbeing of Secondary School Students

The study aimed to assess physical wellbeing among secondary school students. The
sample consisted of 200 students. The findings revealed that most students possessed an
average level of physical wellbeing. The researchers recommended regular health check-
ups and physical education classes.

10. Rao, S. (2019)

Physical Wellbeing and Academic Performance of Students

This study examined the relationship between physical wellbeing and academic
performance. The sample included 125 secondary school students. The findings revealed
that students with better physical wellbeing performed better academically. The study
concluded that physical wellbeing is an important factor influencing students’ academic
success.

METHODOLOGY
Methodology refers to the systematic and scientific procedures adopted to conduct a
research study. It provides a clear framework for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting
data in a reliable and valid manner. The methodology section explains the research
approach, research design, population, sample, tools used, procedure of data collection,
and techniques of data analysis. A well-defined methodology ensures that the study is
conducted logically, systematically, and objectively.

In educational research, methodology plays a crucial role in guiding the investigator to

achieve the objectives of the study. It helps in organizing the research work in a planned
manner and enables other researchers to understand, evaluate, and replicate the study if
required. A sound methodology also enhances the credibility and authenticity of the
research findings. The present study follows a structured and systematic methodology to
examine the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being
among secondary school students.

The present study adopts a normative survey method, which is considered suitable for
studying existing conditions, attitudes, and relationships among variables. This method
helps the investigator to collect data from a selected group of students and analyze the
relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being as they exist at
present.

The population of the present study consists of secondary school students studying in
selected schools. From this population, a representative sample was selected using an
appropriate sampling technique. The sample includes students of secondary level
belonging to different backgrounds, which helps in obtaining reliable and generalizable
results.

Standardized tools were used for the collection of data. A Healthy Lifestyle Attitude
Scale was used to measure the level of healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school
students. A Physical Well-being Inventory was employed to assess the physical well-
being of the students. The tools were selected carefully to ensure their validity and
reliability. Clear instructions were given to the students before administering the tools to
ensure accurate responses.

The data were collected by the investigator after obtaining permission from the school
authorities. The investigator personally administered the tools to the students in a calm
and comfortable environment. Ethical considerations such as confidentiality of responses,
voluntary participation, and informed consent were strictly followed during the data
collection process.

After collecting the data, appropriate statistical techniques were used for analysis.
Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were employed to study the
levels of healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being. The correlation technique
was used to find out the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-
being among secondary school students. The results were interpreted carefully to draw
meaningful conclusions.

Thus, the methodology adopted in the present study provides a scientific and systematic
basis for understanding the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical
well-being among secondary school students and ensures the reliability and validity of
the findings.

Method Adopted

• Population

• Sample

• Variables

• Tools used

Method Adopted for the Study

The present study adopted the descriptive survey method to investigate the relationship
between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being among secondary school
students. This method was considered appropriate as it helps in collecting information
about existing conditions, attitudes, and levels of physical well-being without
manipulating any variables.

The descriptive survey method enables the investigator to study the phenomenon as it
exists in the natural setting. It allows the researcher to collect data from a group of
students and analyze patterns, trends, and relationships between variables objectively.
Since the present study aims to find out the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude
and physical well-being, the descriptive survey method was found to be most suitable.

This method is widely used in educational research because it provides reliable data
within a limited period of time and helps in generalizing the findings to a wider
population, provided the sample is representative. Hence, the descriptive survey method
was adopted to achieve the objectives of the present study.

Population

Population refers to the entire group of individuals on whom the research findings are
intended to be generalized. In educational research, the population may include students,
teachers, or institutions depending on the nature and objectives of the study.

In the present study, the population consists of secondary school students studying in
selected schools. These students represent the group for whom conclusions regarding
healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being are drawn.
Sample

A sample is a smaller, representative group selected from the population for the purpose
of investigation. Studying the entire population is often impractical due to limitations of
time, cost, and effort; therefore, a sample is selected.

For the present study, a sample of secondary school students was selected from the
population using an appropriate sampling technique. The sample was chosen in such a
way that it adequately represents the population. The selected students participated
voluntarily and provided the necessary data for the study.

Since it was not possible to include all the students of DVVMGHSS,vayala a

representative sample was selected. Consequently, the present study was conducted with
a sample of 30 high school students from DVVMGHSS,vayala.

Variables

Variables are the characteristics or attributes that can vary among individuals and are
measured in a research study. The present study includes the following variables:

● Independent Variable:
Healthy Lifestyle Attitude
● Dependent Variable:
Physical Well-being

The study attempts to examine the relationship between these two variables among
secondary school students.

Tools Used
In research, tools are the instruments or techniques employed to collect information from
participants in a systematic and organized manner. The selection of appropriate tools
depends upon the nature of the study, objectives of the research, and the type of data
required. Proper tools help in obtaining accurate, reliable, and valid data related to the
variables under investigation.

Once the data are collected using these tools, they are organized, scored, and analyzed
using suitable statistical techniques. The tools used in the present study were selected
carefully to ensure that they effectively measure healthy lifestyle attitude and physical
well-being among secondary school students.

The tools used for the present study include:

1. Personal Data Sheet

2. Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale
3. Physical Well-being Rating Scale

Personal Data Sheet

A Personal Data Sheet was used to collect basic demographic and background
information of the students. It included details such as age, gender, class, and other
relevant personal information required for the study. The personal data sheet helped the
investigator to organize and interpret the collected data systematically. A copy of the
personal data sheet is provided in the Appendix

HEALTHY LIFESTYLE ATTITUDE SCALE

Healthy lifestyle attitude scale, self-proposed by the investigator, is a five-point rating

scale. The scale consists of a total of 30 items, which represent different dimensions of
healthy lifestyle attitude. This scale can be used to measure the level of healthy lifestyle
attitude among secondary school students. The detailed description of the scale is given
below.

1. Planning of the scale

2. Preparation of the scale
3. Scoring procedure
4. Validity

1. PLANNING OF THE SCALE

Planning is the process of thinking regarding the activities required to achieve a desired
goal. Planning is based on foresight, the fundamental capacity for mental time travel.
Before doing any activity, we must have careful planning regarding what we are going to
do. The investigator examines a system of planning by focusing on the concepts for
constructing a rating scale, the type and format of statements, administration procedure,
and mode of scoring.

During the first stage, the investigator reviewed reference materials such as books,
journals, research articles, and previous studies related to healthy lifestyle attitude and
physical well-being. Based on the objectives of the study, sample, and probable
statistical techniques, it was decided to develop a rating scale.

2. PREPARATION OF THE SCALE

Based on the review, the following sub-steps were followed by the investigator while
constructing the statements of the Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale.
 1. Collecting and editing of the statements
2. Sorting the statements
3. Selection of the statements for the final rating scale
4. Validity

The statements were framed in simple and clear language appropriate to the level of
secondary school students.

3. SCORING PROCEDURE

The investigator took four components related to healthy lifestyle attitude and physical
well-being, and statements were recorded and developed accordingly. Both positive and
negative statements were constructed for all the four components.

Table -1

Details of Items Included in the Healthy Lifestyle Attitude scale

Components no of statemeno item no of positive item no of negative

statements statements
Diet 6 2, 3, 5 1,4,6
Physical Activity 6 7,9,11 8,10,12
Sleep Habits 6 13, 15, 17 14, 16, 18

Stress Management 6 20, 23 19, 21, 22, 24

Personal Hygiene 6 27,28,30 25,26,29

Table -2

Details of the Scoring Procedure of the Healthy Lifestyle Attitude scale

 item strongly agree Undecided disagree strongly
agree disagree
positive 5 4 3 2 1
negative 1 2 3 4 5

VALIDITY OF HEALTHY LIFESTYLE ATTITUDE SCALE

Validity is the ability of an instrument to measure what it is designed to measure. Validity

refers to the quality of a data gathering instrument or procedure that enables it to measure
accurately. The present tool was examined for face validity and content validity. The
scale was validated by the supervising teacher.

PHYSICAL WELLBEING SCALE

Physical Wellbeing Scale, self-proposed by the investigator, is a five-point rating scale.

The scale consists of a total of 30 items, which represent different dimensions of physical
wellbeing such as physical strength, endurance, body functioning, freedom from illness,
posture and participation in physical activities.

This scale can be used to measure the level of physical wellbeing among secondary
school students. The detailed description of the scale is given below.

1. Planning of the scale

2. Preparation of the scale
3. Scoring procedure

1. Planning of the Scale

The investigator identified the major variables and dimensions related to Healthy
Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing through an extensive review of related
literature, textbooks, research articles, and consultation with experts. Based on this, the
dimensions such as diet, physical activity, sleep habits, stress management, personal
hygiene, physical strength, flexibility, freedom from illness, posture, and participation in
physical activities were finalized.

2. Preparation of the Scale

An initial pool of statements was prepared covering all the identified dimensions. Care
was taken to frame simple, clear, and age-appropriate statements suitable for secondary
school students. Both positive and negative statements were included. After scrutiny and
expert suggestions, 60 statements were finalized for the final scale.

3. SCORING PROCEDURE

The investigator took four components related to healthy lifestyle attitude and physical
well-being, and statements were recorded and developed accordingly. Both positive and
negative statements were constructed for all the four components.

Table-3

Details of Items Included in the Physical Wellbeing Scale

components no of statements item no of positive item no of negative

statements statements
Physical Strength and 6 31, 33, 34, 36 32, 35
 Endurance

Body Function and 6 37, 39, 41 38, 40, 42

Flexibility

Freedom from Illness 6 43, 45, 47 44, 46, 48

or Fatigue

Posture and Physical 6 50, 52, 54 49,51,53

Appearance

Participation in 6 56, 57, 59, 60 55, 58

Physical Activities

Table-4

Details of the Scoring Procedure of physical wellbeing scale

items strongly agree undecided disagree strongly

agree disagree
positive 5 4 3 2 1
negative 1 2 3 4 5

VALIDITY OF PHYSICAL WELLBEING SCALE

Validity is the ability of an instrument to measure what it is intended to measure. The

Physical Wellbeing Scale was examined for face validity and content validity. The items
included in the scale were found to be appropriate and relevant to the construct of
physical wellbeing. The tool was validated with the help of the supervising teacher.

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

After selecting the sample for the study, the investigator obtained an adequate number of
copies of the Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale and the Physical Wellbeing Scale. These
rating scales were administered to secondary school students.

Before administering the tool, the investigator established good rapport with the students
and explained the purpose, objectives, and scope of the study. The students were assured
that the information provided by them would be kept strictly confidential and used only
for research purposes. They were motivated to give free, honest, and correct responses.

Clear instructions were given regarding how to respond to each item. Adequate time was
provided to complete the scales. After completion, the investigator collected the response
sheets and carefully checked them to ensure that all items were answered.

CONSOLIDATION OF THE DATA

The Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale and the Physical Wellbeing Scale are five-point
rating scales. The respondents were required to indicate their responses to each statement
by choosing one of the five alternatives, namely Strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A),
Undecided (U), Disagree (DA), and Strongly Disagree (SD).

The Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale consists of 30 statements, including both positive
and negative items. Similarly, the Physical Wellbeing Scale consists of 30 statements,
comprising positive and negative items. The scoring for positive and negative statements
was done according to the prescribed scoring key.

After collecting the data, each response sheet was carefully scrutinized and scored. The
consolidated data were then tabulated and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis.
The data collected for the purpose of evaluation were expressed in terms of scores, and
based on these scores, interpretations and conclusions were drawn regarding the
relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing among
secondary school students.
STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES USED

Statistical techniques play an important role in research work. The collected data can be
quantified, analyzed, and interpreted effectively with the help of appropriate statistical
techniques. In the present study, suitable statistical tools were employed for analyzing,
interpreting, and testing the hypotheses related to the relationship between healthy lifestyle
attitude and physical wellbeing among secondary school students.

The following statistical techniques were used for the analysis of data:

● Percentage Analysis
● Arithmetic Mean (M)
● Standard Deviation (SD)
● Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient (ρ)

Details of the Statistical Techniques Used

1. Percentage Analysis

Percentage analysis refers to a special kind of ratio. It is used to describe data in relative terms
and helps in making comparisons between two or more groups. In the present study, percentage
analysis was used to analyze the distribution of responses related to healthy lifestyle attitude and
physical wellbeing among secondary school students.

2. Arithmetic Mean (M)

Arithmetic Mean is the simplest and most widely used measure of central tendency. It represents
the average score of a distribution and is calculated using the following formula:

M=∑fxNM=N∑fx​
Where,

● x = Mid-point of the class interval

● f = Frequency of the class interval
● N = Total number of observations

The arithmetic mean helps in summarizing the overall performance of students on healthy
lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing scales and facilitates comparison between different
groups.

3. Standard Deviation (SD)

Standard Deviation is a measure of variability that indicates how much individual scores deviate
from the mean. It is defined as the square root of the average of the squared deviations from the
mean and is denoted by the Greek letter σ.

Standard deviation is least affected by sampling fluctuations and is considered a reliable measure
of dispersion. In the present study, standard deviation was computed to understand the spread of
scores related to healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing.

The formula used is:

SD=∑d2N−(∑dN)2×CSD=N∑d2​−(N∑d​)2

Where,

● SD (σ) = Standard Deviation

● d = Deviation from assumed mean
● N = Total number of observations
● C = Class interval width

4. Co-efficient of Correlation
Coefficient of correlation is a statistical measure used to find out the degree and direction of
relationship between two variables. It indicates how far changes in one variable are associated
with changes in another variable.

In the present study, the coefficient of correlation was used to determine the relationship between
Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing among secondary school students.

When the two variables increase or decrease together, the correlation is said to be positive.
When one variable increases and the other decreases, the correlation is said to be negative. The
value of correlation coefficient always lies between +1 and –1.

A coefficient of +1 indicates a perfect positive correlation, while –1 indicates a perfect negative

correlation. A coefficient of zero indicates that there is no relationship between the variables.

Computation of Co-efficient of Correlation

There are different methods of computing the coefficient of correlation. In the present study, the
following method was adopted:

1. Spearman’s Rank Difference Method

2. 2. Karl Pearson's product moment method

Spearman’s Rank Difference Method

Spearman’s Rank Difference Method is used to find out the degree of relationship between two
sets of scores by converting the raw scores into ranks. This method is especially suitable when
the data are in the form of ranks.

In the present study, this method was used to compute the correlation between Healthy Lifestyle
Attitude scores and Physical Wellbeing scores of secondary school students. The coefficient
obtained through this method is known as Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient, denoted
by the Greek letter ρ (rho).

The formula used is:

ρ=1−6∑d2N(N2−1)ρ=1−N(N2−1)6∑d2​

Where,

● = Sum of the squares of the differences between paired ranks

● N = Number of students

This method helped the investigator to find out whether a significant relationship exists between
healthy lifestyle attitude and physical wellbeing among secondary school students.

Analysis and Interpretation

According to Best and Kahn (2007),

“Analysis is the heart of the research project; it means the studying of the organized data to
discover the facts.”

Analysis and interpretation are essential stages of research, as they help the investigator organize
and understand the data collected. Research data becomes meaningful in the process of being
analyzed and interpreted. It involves the study of the tabulated material in order to determine the
inherent facts or meanings related to the research problem.

According to Marshall and Rossman (1999), data analysis is the process of bringing order,
structure, and meaning to the mass of collected data. It involves summarizing the data using
appropriate statistical techniques so that trends, patterns, and relationships can be clearly
understood. Data analysis does not follow a strictly linear process; rather, it involves careful
examination, logical reasoning, and meaningful interpretation of data. Through data analysis,
large amounts of information are reduced into understandable forms such as tables, averages, and
measures of variability.

According to Best and Kahn, data analysis represents the application of logical reasoning to
research data, using both inductive and deductive approaches. In educational research, data
analysis helps the researcher interpret results objectively and make valid inferences related to the
objectives of the study. Thus, analysis of data is an essential step that transforms collected data
into useful and meaningful information.

According to C. William Emory, “Interpretation has two major aspects i.e., establishing stability
in the research through linking the results of a given study with those of another and the
establishment of some relationship with the collected data.” Interpretation can be defined as the
device through which the factors, which seem to explain what has been observed by the
researcher in the course of the study, can be better understood. Interpretation provides a
theoretical conception which can serve as a guide for further research work. The process of
interpretation is essential for any study.

The results showing interpretations of quantitative data depend on the appropriateness of the
statistical procedures used for analyzing data as well as the nature of other evidence and
information. It calls for a critical examination of the results of one’s analysis in the light of all
limitations of the data gathering. Actually, the hypotheses formulated in the context of the study
are tested through analyzing the data and interpreted accordingly.

Here are the major hypotheses of the study:

● The level of healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school students is average.

● The level of physical wellbeing among secondary school students is average.

● There exists a relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being
among secondary school students.

In the present study, the data collected through the Healthy Lifestyle Attitude Scale and the
Physical Well-being Scalewere systematically analyzed using appropriate statistical techniques.
The raw data were first organized, coded, and tabulated to make them suitable for analysis.
Descriptive statistics such as Mean and Standard Deviation were computed to understand the
average performance and variability of scores among the respondents. These measures helped in
identifying the general trend and dispersion of healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being
among secondary school students.

To examine the relationship between the two variables, Spearman’s Rank Correlation
Coefficient was employed. According to Guilford, correlation analysis helps in determining “the
degree to which two variables are related.” The correlation coefficient obtained indicated the
direction and strength of the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-
being. The results were interpreted carefully to determine whether a positive or negative
relationship existed between the variables.

The analysis of data collected for testing the above mentioned hypotheses were done under the
following headings:

• Level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among secondary school students

• Level of Physical Well-being among secondary school students
• Relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Well-being among secondary
school students

The details regarding the analysis of data collected for testing the above mentioned hypotheses
are given below.

1. Level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among Secondary School Students

Objective – 1
To find out the level of healthy lifestyle attitude among secondary school students.

Variable sample size Mean standard deviation

 Healthy lifestyle 30 104.60 11.42
attitude

The mean score of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude for the whole sample is 104.60, and the standard
deviation is 11.42.

For classifying the total sample into three levels—high, average, and low—with respect to
healthy lifestyle attitude, the values of M + SD and were calculated. The values
obtained were 116.02 and 93.18 respectively. Accordingly, students who scored above M + SD
(116.02) were classified as having a high level of healthy lifestyle attitude. Those who scored
between (i.e., between 116.02 and 93.18) were classified as having an
average level of healthy lifestyle attitude. Students who scored below were
classified as having a low level of healthy lifestyle attitude.

TABLE – 4

Percentage of students at different levels of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude

[Link] level of healthy no of sample percentage

lifestyle attitude

1 High 6 20%

2 Average 18 60%

3 Low 6 20%

total 30 100%

Table 4 indicates that the majority of secondary school students (60.00%) possess an average
level of healthy lifestyle attitude. Further, 20.00% of the students exhibit a high level of
healthy lifestyle attitude, while 20.00% of the students fall under the low level of healthy
lifestyle attitude.

Pie

TENABILITY OF HYPOTHESIS

By analysing the data using percentage analysis, it is clear that the majority of secondary school
students possess an average level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude. Hence, the hypothesis namely
Hypothesis–1: Secondary school students have an average level of Healthy Lifestyle
Attitude is accepted.

2) Level of Physical Well-being among Secondary School Students

Objective – 2

To find out the level of physical well-being among secondary school students.

Table – 07

Mean and standard deviation of physical well-being score for the whole sample

Variable sample (N) Mean (M) Standard Deviation

(σ)
 physical wellbeing 30 98 9

The mean score of physical well-being for the whole sample is 98 and the standard deviation
score for the whole sample is 9.

For classifying the total sample into three levels, high, average and low, with respect to
Physical Well-being scale, M + SD and were calculated. The values obtained were
107 and 89 respectively. Hence, those who scored above (107) M + SD form the high level,
those between form the average level, and
those below form the low level of physical well-being.

Table – 08

Percentage of students at different levels of Physical Well-being

[Link] Level of physical No of students Percentage

wellbeing

1 High 7 23.33%

2 Average 16 53.34%

3 Low 7 23.33%

Total 30 100%

Table 8 indicates that the majority of secondary school students (53.34%) possess an average
level of physical well-being. Further, 23.33% of the students exhibit a high level of physical
well-being, while 23.33% of the students fall under the low level of physical well-being.

Pie
TENABILITY OF HYPOTHESIS

By analysing the data using percentage analysis, it is clear that the majority of secondary school
students possess an average level of healthy lifestyle attitude. Hence, the hypothesis namely
Hypothesis – 1: Secondary school students have an average level of healthy lifestyle attitude
is accepted.

3) Relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Well-being

among Secondary School Students

Objective – 3

To find out the relationship between healthy lifestyle attitude and physical well-being among
secondary school students.

The relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Well-being for the total
sample was found by calculating the Coefficient of Correlation using Spearman’s Rank
Correlation Co-efficient method. The details are given in Table – 09.

Table – 09

Relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Well-being

Variable Sample Correlation Verbal interpretation

Healthy lifestyle 104.60

attitude 30 positive correlation

Physical wellbeing 102.30

TENABILITY OF HYPOTHESIS

By analysing the data using Spearman’s Rank Correlation Co-efficient, it is clear that there
exists a positive relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Well-being
scores of secondary school students (ρ = 0.65). Hence, the hypothesis namely Hypothesis – 3,
“There exists a positive relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Well-being
among secondary school students” is accepted.

The results of testing the hypotheses are consolidated and presented in Table – 10.

Table – 10

Consolidation of results of testing the hypotheses

Sl no Hypothesis Result

1 Secondary school students Accepted

have an average level of
Healthy Lifestyle Attitude

2 Secondary school students Accepted

have an average level of
Physical Well-being

3 There exists a positive Accepted

relationship between Healthy
Lifestyle Attitude and
Physical Well-being among
secondary school students

MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

The present study was conducted to find out the level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and
Physical Wellbeing among secondary school students and to examine the relationship between
these two variables.

The survey method was used for the study. The sample consisted of 30 secondary school
students. The variables selected for the study were Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical
Wellbeing. Suitable tools constructed by the investigator were used for data collection. The
collected data were analysed using mean, standard deviation, percentage analysis, and
Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient.

The major findings of the study are presented below.

1. Level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude among secondary school students

The mean score of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude for the total sample was 104.60 and the standard
deviation was 11.42.
Based on the calculated values of M + SD (116.02) and , the students were
classified into high, average, and low levels.

It was found that the majority of students had an average level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude.
A smaller percentage of students showed a high level, while a few students showed a low level
of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude. Thus, it can be concluded that most secondary school students
possess an average level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude.

2. Level of Physical Wellbeing among secondary school students

The mean score of Physical Wellbeing for the total sample was 99.00 and the standard deviation
was 8.00.
Using the values of M + SD and , students were classified into high, average, and low
levels of Physical Wellbeing.
The results revealed that most of the secondary school students had an average level of
Physical Wellbeing. Some students showed a high level, while a few students showed a low
level of Physical Wellbeing. Hence, it was found that the majority of students possess an average
level of Physical Wellbeing.

3. Relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing

The calculated Spearman’s Rank Correlation coefficient (ρ) for the total sample was 0.65.
This value indicates that there exists a positive relationship between Healthy Lifestyle
Attitude and Physical Wellbeing among secondary school students.

Therefore, it can be concluded that students with a better healthy lifestyle attitude tend to have
better physical wellbeing. The two variables are positively related to each other.

CONCLUSION

The following conclusions were drawn from the major findings of the study.

From the present study, the investigator arrived at the conclusion that secondary school
students possess an average level of Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing. This
indicates that most students follow moderately healthy habits related to diet, exercise, rest, and
personal care, and they maintain a reasonable level of physical fitness and health.

The study also revealed that there exists a positive relationship between Healthy Lifestyle
Attitude and Physical Wellbeing among secondary school students. The findings show that
students who have a better healthy lifestyle attitude tend to exhibit better physical wellbeing. As
the level of healthy lifestyle attitude increases, the level of physical wellbeing also increases.

The relationship between Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing provides
meaningful insights. It is evident that adopting healthy habits such as regular physical activity,
balanced nutrition, adequate sleep, and stress management plays a significant role in maintaining
good physical health. A positive attitude towards a healthy lifestyle helps students prevent illness
and improve overall physical functioning.

Since Healthy Lifestyle Attitude and Physical Wellbeing are interdependent, both variables
play an important role in the overall growth and development of secondary school students. With
proper guidance, awareness programs, and a supportive school environment, healthy lifestyle
practices can be strengthened to improve students’ physical wellbeing.

In conclusion, the findings of the study highlight the importance of promoting healthy lifestyle
attitudes among students, as it helps them to maintain good physical health, improve academic
performance, and prepare themselves to lead a healthy and productive life in the future.