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Unit III - Operating Systems

The document outlines key concepts in operating systems, focusing on memory management techniques such as dynamic loading, overlays, and address binding. It discusses the importance of understanding logical versus physical address spaces, as well as the mechanisms for swapping processes in and out of memory. Additionally, it covers various memory allocation strategies and the implications of fragmentation in memory management.

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Kiran Kumar
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22 views79 pages

Unit III - Operating Systems

The document outlines key concepts in operating systems, focusing on memory management techniques such as dynamic loading, overlays, and address binding. It discusses the importance of understanding logical versus physical address spaces, as well as the mechanisms for swapping processes in and out of memory. Additionally, it covers various memory allocation strategies and the implications of fragmentation in memory management.

Uploaded by

Kiran Kumar
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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Engineering College, Trichy CS8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS LectureNo, — Main emery and backggoancl, | | Back qgound - Beading - dynamic Leading Topicts)10 | - Auynaniic Ntokfng - oveslanys = Logical morn’ | vs physical address 2pace « l 2 Lecture Outcome (LO) 's Level At the end of this lecture, students will be able to canal vor_londerstand addsoss Roding. | vrdastand 102 | expla?n duinamife leadfaqand Folkd. undosslard)|, 103 | dolgne overlays : “ Reraornbor Lot | endeistand Featcal 3 praca aides wrdosstand ‘Teaching Learning Material Student Activity cai tate ICT Tool / Any other List& Paticlpate /Discuss /Peer to Peer Learning /Quiz /Role Play / Any other Lecture Ncfes Backgsounds + progam ue} be baooguk Ste remesy and Placed sth fr @ proces got be execuled. + Input Guones Collaction of psereses ortho Aft that ate vs3lng do bo baoug fnt> memosy 8 Gerlfon, x pges progaams Follow Aenea Aleps baler Procubfon | Biocon): Adds Binding f Snstucfors and data mumery can happen at thove erent tages U-SangeetHa > Aplese © compile ew: af reeroery location Enow a prtool > absolite Cede can be gensated ; rystbo redomgfle toda %8 Ateaing lcalfon changes Lead Reno: must alo wlomtable Apdo 9 romesy Aocatfon 92 not known ab Compile Heng. $ % Aebesped wnffl mun Hime moved chufing fig. execuffon don one memory aeqrmonk to anoles Hlecd’ hfe ° Gupporl for ad dross maps Ce.g. base & Atnit orfaters’) Dy nandic Asading: exeautfon me: Birding S42 process can be Routine 9, ne! loaded unt) H% collec), 2X betloy Maney space wilrxalfon ; unused Yeelfne 8 never lpaded) ° * All woutfnes aie kept pn tk tha velecatalde |pad format + Fat, the roakn progia 44 Doaced ‘oro memony Ord % execustod, % Albwadtnes axe enh ondik a wlecerfabl. lead pret: X when a crordFre needs to’ call anothon , the calling ssoufno Chocks +p See whelhes the other rouwdPhe ® res been Jeod:d Bnet, alecatabl: SMoting fandes 95 cadisd to Anod ths defined erufne goto marron and to update Fhe pcgyam’s oddron table 4 velleck HU charez: than corte % camed tp to newly Leaded *eouing act n Ls matnod $2 usebs eshen Jonge arncwt Cd code ose Needed 4p handle Yodeoguertly occ usIng Cases 7% np speeds) suppot Bom Ha epssatiea Apiem % e tered, Fengle ranted Hereugh piogiam dyson . 1 poarsic Htoking x Fioing 44 pokponsd unt?) oxocutfon Kung. * grool) Feces of Cede, Alub, vied 4 Loarte dhe Oppeopiate ceseony. sosiclonk bray aeuffne . x Gub ‘eopares Shae’ with the addeoss of the wouline ¢ Ord executes the wufne ¥ C6 nesded to chock the vouPre 44% Piowssog’ addres Abaco overlays: 4 boop 9 inorwm! only these Pnatauctine and dala thal are roocled od any gion ne. # Hecdod when peocoss Fs lasger than He Orncuk of QQ — momen, allocated to 4. X Grogle mented bythe wei, no spedial suppost P8 needed hem 08, arotfing deg. overlay stsuchere « mabe pregparnting design of % popular oth reffow - contanllors and syplorts Sth deortted Phypical Toernony. Logfeal Vg Phusical addovs space: The Concept ef o Logical addees Apne hat% bound” to Separate physical addisoss Apace 94% Conhal fo Daoper fremeny reanagemeut prsysical adld-s0s5: — addsoss fean tj toumeny wi A lesical and physical addwwsses at Io game Qn Gangile fime and dead How addoors Bindth: + They Atfles 8 execution fre dddaos Redding scheme. Memory management nit: (Mav) - x B%a hardware unit that raps FStua) @ addaess do phyfor! arldress * The value of rwelocatfon wogistes 3 adeled tb every addiaoss generated bya UseR pewcess atthe Fare H% Zonk to meme - * The uses programs cleals uSth Lesfcal addnoues | aver Ss the real physical adblrossos, VIET Eaagmenrng Users, Tick; BG, PALTING Van Asugnaursts | Home works a 4 .} ” Peader may use the link wo assess their understanding of the lecture. “Teachers may we the question for conducting activity inthe class MLLE-T. Engineering College, Trichy (CS8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS oat Swapping 3, Allecatfon Gueapping — lo pacblem - schematic View bec | Confguous re mery allocalion - Faxtftfons- | ~ dynastic tora allocation. fag monkatfen ® Lecture Outcome (LO) ’s Level At the end of this lecture, students will be able to Cae Lol | explana Awappiag Concept + Undlastand | Pere 102 endeidand types ef paxffifons Understand Lo3 esontia snal 2 LO4 Teaching Learning Material ‘Student Activity hate Xt ICT Tool/Any oer | “isten/ Participate 1Diselss (Peer to Peer I Learning /Quiz /Role Play / Any other Lecture Notes Bueappings # The process can be Ausapped ‘Jomposasily out ©f memecyp pa backing lowe , and thon brought back fhto memesy for conifoued exeoulfn. ? Backing Stow 42 the fost sk , Aosge enough, to accomodate copfes ef all momeey Fmages gor all wens; roust psobide rect arross 4p 4Roxo momen} Pmages T-SANGEETHA > Ap] se. a Rollout 5 Roll doz ~ Swvapyfing vasiant wed fs priory. hued Achodeiting algertttnns lower pstodily prowm 1% awepped cul and higher prfoltly procon can be Deadted ard evecited , aA process Phat 9, Aveapped) oe? Sil be awopped back. Yoto the garme momors zpace that I ccrupied poostoudley a nding 9 done al asernily os lead dio 5 than the : ti : PROS Canno} be moved do differnt Aeealfons AP execulfor, ese Ihding 4 Wed, Hon a Peerss corm be Awapped Qo a dipfernt memory sence , because fbx prysfcal addsvees se Cormpueted using execudfon tro, % refer parr Of the awa Fee 8 transfer tena and We cwmatntng ave Jahoncy and fread seek fre ele + e x Yolal Atoapssing Hime oC Amewnd Of Memeay Awapped | X Med? Rted verflons O| stoapping ase found 0 many sSyslems (2) Ontx and Wlinlows. lo Boblbr: x ‘1p a prvess has tp be Avcappetl , wo rnust Autre Wak GY cectitin Ch & ton my & iffira Fo Yo Bes we ent, Boop Be fae wary Ho H. 4 te & wrens “eos Aye we, reanecs e Ue tiie oan te POR Creek te seed. a a ts fee mh AaBors 2 tt unpa pom Ge tediry te 6 Ye trastons only Ute 8% bien 2 ard ware coorsycs then at Vorlden, ietuar Am ute Cas Oy whens won Yam Go bee wo bah 8 puma: = Cyacer cub il Suen, LB hea g : Contiguous. (The Sd y. wile) 8. Antetral Gagmontalion? Alecated momwry may be SBghtly Jonge thar se woyuestod rmomony. This ste difaonce 9% mamery Yofesnal to a pastflfon , bub nob baling wed . Golafion 4p Frdtosnal fragraantation Corapactfon, ~ Shuffle memory Contents to place all ser rrameny tepether none lage Block, — Grapaction 44 goskible only tP aplocilfon % dynamic ad 73 done at ocxecuffon +9mo. MALE.T. Engineering College, Trichy $8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS Co . Suggested Questions / Assignments /Home works /any other [te Cxpldta about Awapping and Hs neodd 2. diflgentiate Frtenal and extemal Alagreantatiens, 3 Sisk ow and explaio tre Types of memory pasifons. 4. what 9 Conkigaous memory allecafton | = Text Books / Reference Books / Any other suggested Materials [Link] | Title Author Publisher , [Operating sysiern Glborechate Ueto. Concopta ; SS [ 3 Reader may use the link to listen to the video of this lecture Teachers may use the question for conducting activity in the cl lass B ‘Reader may use the Fink to assess their understanding ofthe lecture, MALE.T. Engineering College, Trichy ($8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS LectureNo. Fagfng | Taging - Baste meal. Trnplennentafion of | Topic(s) to Page fae - Hes uchue of fablo - oes | Hlcratchical- HaBhed- Inverted page table - | shared pages Sd ?) Lecture Outcome (LO) | Bloom's Level At the end of this lecture, students will be able to ‘Teaching Learning Material Student Activity Chak Talk /ICT Too! / Any other Listen / Participate /Discuss /Peer to Peer Learning /Quiz /Role Play / Any other Lecture Notes Pang UH oO romony management gghome fat pocaf)s tha Prycal addoos space ef, @ process > bo nenenFiqucus ® TW qwiids the confidorable problom af biting the Vasous ated memory chunks ond tho backing (Bare |: Ix} +0) => physteal addwoss 1s h. Logical addwes 3 [page oroffset 3 > (Frame 1 lx +3) physical addwss 7. jogical addwoss C page t » obeat of => Frame Jt Ax £0) physteal Addeoss I. Jegical addwess 13 C page 3) offset => Cramet: paging votulls no external Fingmentalfon Any Foor Frame can te alloca! fo a process thak hoec)s ft aiden! Bagmontatfon may erce . 14 memory wos mers ef a process clo nob happen to fall on @ BR pages ate Boye bytes, a process of 722 7bb bytos twould nal 35 pages plus lob bytes - af would oe allocated 3b drarnes , wosulfing %o an Gotornal Shag rnontalfon ef, Qoh- 106 = ba byes. x Sn work case > O process twould nord rn pages Plus one byte - st would be allocated mi ames 7 soeultfig Rp an Wieinal Rogmenlation. of almost an endfeo Fame. at paging gives clear Aopercrtfon belweon tho wses's Faw ef mamnory and Hie actual phyfical memory « a4 Frame table: 0s manages physical momony, Tt soust ounane cf Air allocatfon details of phuyftaal memory which Prounes one allocated , hich dpames ajo anflabl » Yow many total drares there axe and goon. this Fhe Fe traioidined Ira dada Ateuctore Called frame table. Trego mentaifor. of page tebe: page able % Kop % eer memory . 4 PIBR fage doble base uf Gules see Shite page fable * prin —> age Aable length wogistor forts the Sito Of the page table. O A Gvey data! Pretauclfon access wosioos 40 memoxy Ac028e3. Ona fpr page-fable ard ore ortho cada | Ensteuction. ¥ the 9 mormoay access puotlem Cah bo solved by the We ef a Apecfal fast— lookup hatdiware cache Called O38 ocfasFve wogfstoas Com daanslalfon Dook-atde budless. tip 4) x Gach Crdoy Hig 9 parts: @ bey Cag) ardavaluo. when a assofative memory 9% prosented ust an torn Fs Co, Bir all Kays Sialarcouy. 2} tho tors % urd to covtaspending ie w wohenned . * Seasch %&% very fast, bu blu Ge expensive. "We TO cnkins ya foo ete page tah Ondfos - x whna Aogiical addravss % qoneraled ate Fege nusralbo; 9 pwesentad to tho TB. a) te ee ford oe spare Nurnbes 9g Tmellckey owl ard 4s uy) to access Memeny * the whole fask may dake . Loss oo oF Longe, than by the Cp, @ Ht would ¥en unmapped memory weferonc coos used. * WB the page table 2 hotdke fh4he HB 244s called as TLE MBS2 6 So a memory weerence torte page able must be made. igs __ | ply baal Logic [P 13) . a Ey tet Figs Raging hasdvoare oth THB. eblectve tookyp Hane (AT) = (iteda +(R+2) Cia) = até@-cd. whore e 9 agsodalive lookup ,e a % HB vadio . Hit valfo 4g the pescontage of Rines thal a page number 18 found Qo the astoctathe wefietoxs » rarlio 1S) tg 48 welated to pubes of assoddarve sogitstows Merapey protection s ~ BH 4% Yaplemented by axsectalieg peoloctton biz wth each Bame- valid and ewaltd bY 9 atlached to 2ach entry 4 the page tabte. — Valtd + aszodared Page % Fo dhe psocess'bs Lexfical addwew® space and thus a logal pago. ~ 4vallid + assofited page Ys nol 4 do paowss's logtca) addyoss Space. Slauclue af, the page able: 1) Hesaschi cal paging 2 R Medien Cossputor Zyplems suppor a large Lediea | addaos Zpace -C a ah) S Conkidn 4a Sygton wilh 39 bH [Link] addavss pace . IP ahs pase sito fn sucha Aystern % KB» thon & page table may consist Up do 1 anion enbsen Pach entry —tondtals of Jy bytes , each peocesy roe road opto JMB of physfeat addvwoss spn for the page falls alone . # &o wo low paging Ano then ued, Fnuohich Pye ti Hseld paged ® Page table “Moray fig: A shoo level paging Acheme . Two level paging 2 A Jodcal Addreos Con 29 bt machine WHA tyke page sis) je divided Salo: ° A Fage number Congat.s of Qo bits © A page omfack Contists of 13 Bits Fince the page table %4 paged >the page nurwsber % Guster ApRded nto * 0 Jo bit page number * & lobit page ods - fecal addeess reg ea ie | fdieal tes Ll ® PD Fan Index Ito the cobor 7098 toll, Rw the deparaoonk Bilin tas page cf the itor pagetabe the addwoss Azavalalfon tated tenths oxchfectwe 14 w follows : _ MJ L/L) "2 7 7 : 7, : (ZL) "Lax ' cuter ee ee ‘abet Bae Fy Addveoss teanslation de a Qleyel 2 bik paging aachitlectuse « this tsenslation wonts ao the estos page table Grwards, 4AEs scheme %% alo Known as foveceh rapped page table. Pontus 2 uses tks aschitecture. Te bovel paging schorne fin VAx aschitectere : cuter page| Innaapage [ofsel: sae ered 40 lo In wouter page table Contains 8"? ontries. @ Hashed page table: + B% wad when addws gnaw Larges than 32 bits, wth te hash value befag ohal —prge nambor . ach any fo dhe hath fable aoniatns a Linked st ef clemanls thot hash to Hae same Lewdion X gach olemauk Contdns 3 fields at Sstual page hurnbes. &. value ef the roappad page frame 3. A pointes dp dhe nowt clemonk Fo LL. X AloctHhr: v 1. Matual page number Qntho Fstual addowss Ps hashed fato Hie hashtable. 2. Visual page nurskor Ys cornpparred 4p fteld (a) 3n the Best elernent th the Afoked st 3: x} thowotza mal , te Cosresponding #2ame (4feld cb) used to foo the dasised phuysieal acldavss. 4. # those %% np match, subsesnouk 2ulfios Fn tho Aeoked 2st ayo svanched fatho matching Srlual page Nuro bes. Clustered poge table aio Afteitlas to hash page tables exceph that cach entry %© the hash Jable wa{ers do Hee Serial page» vather than a AFng le peg. mm Trverted prge table: ¥ An Anvestod page table fe one onhy fos each eal | Beare of momony . * each entry congas of a Vixtual addwss of the ee Stowed Yothat veal memory Locaffon , uth Fofensration about the process that owns thak page * only one page lable % the System, 4 has only one erty fox cach page ef physica) momory ledica laddeess! Ooh aig Seach J ing a Fig Toverled page table Shatod pages Advantage of paging 9% possibilthy Shastng Cemmnon. Oodle. Shaved cece? eno copy ef, woad-only Cod Ahared among prowes Chart edftors. compflees , Srelous Syston) Bavate code and data: Gach Peon Koops a seperate Copy el the cmc and data The pages £5 He pike ond dole on agpea anywhoe fo the Dnaical addmos [Link].T. Engineering College, Trichy $8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS | Suggested QGéstions / Assignments /Home works / any other * Define paging with neat dfagsare * what fs shared page? | * thal % rarne dablo 2 l * Explokn the Fraplernentatfon ef page table >a Text Books / Reference Books / Any other suggested Materials [SNo__ | Title Author Publisher 1 epaatfag Spree Cop Sibaschott tog. - 2 3 You Reader may use the link to listen to the video of this lecture Reader may use the link to assess their understanding of the lecture. | ‘Teachers may use the question for e” ducting activity in the class MLELT, Engineering College, Trichy CS8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS LectureNo, Soqmont ation mentation — architecture - Psetectfon — ' | ghl.° a | Shasfing. fag menkatfon ~ Samonkalfon Cth paging - soled as r - : | C ) Lecture Outcome (L0) At the end of this lecture, students will be able to Bloom's Level 101 _lexplaia the ardhHbeleae e{ Germentalte] Unclassiand 12 _lundstsland the soqmensaon th Bid Uneorstancl Los Lo4 Teaching Learning Material Student Activity Chalk Kalk ICT Toot/ Any other | LIER Participate (Discuss Peer o Peer | Learning /Quiz /Role Play / Any other Lecture Notes ~ At mentaon: fg menianen 4 A % & mamonp snanagemont Suppoits wrer View ef memory aA Poogiaen qaQ@ Colleclfon of Segenonts PA) 40g monf fea Logical unt suchas’ = man program — procedure — unclfon ~ Loca) variables ~ gfotal vadables. T-SANGEETHA ~ Commen beck, — Stack ] Suymbe| table = dsays 22 Sar segmentation: —— [iy (an 4 ol | ; oe) & . 3 User Space Physical memeny egenenkatfon aschtoctuye: Segments ae puumtered and are wofertd by a Segerent narber sathes than a degmenk name. 2 - Logical addwss eonePa}s of a tuph : < Seq went - Number , aflset > ~ Gegmont fable: soaps 2 -dtmenfional ws defied addresses tp ono Afrrensfonal phyfical addrosws - - th bbe entry has: bose : Contazniéng Phe Slas¥ing physical addowss cohose tho segments yofide %o momery . Lots Apedifios Hu longth of tre Segment ® Fig: Aegmentatton harclovore ~ A Social address congas & too number, 8 and an pate: a Searnont Abfset Golp that segment »d — the Sayment Nurnberg, used as an Index Pnto the Segmentation able . The offst de ot Fe fesiaal addeors must be between » and Ho Acqgrmentation Keni - - y It 9% rol. we tap to tho 08 (legal addrmosfing Wlernpt Payerd ord el Samont) : Bcd Wits abeoh 4g legal 22 cabled added ty tho 40g enenk Dose fo Pecduc the add wens fn Phase eomons oh the dostead byte . ® * TBR - Sepmen|- table base Vogfistor points to the saqmont tobli’s Ieraon 9 maerony * Snr. Segment fable fergth wefishes Fodicales Murnber ef deamon? Vgod bra plogiem. seqmont hurmloos ¢ 4s gal f 8c gre, Pectecton: % Advantage ef segmentation % the amedatfen of peotectfon uth the ogrnond 5 Bocause ob the Aegean opsesenk a Aeraniically dal Patton ef the pesqeam 98 Rtkely that at) onbdos 4 tha Acmant Sil bo ged . ~ 2Rch ont 0 scrment table azofate @ Volidafon Bt = 0 => Ubegal Aegronk @vr04 | wsHto| orecuto PreSlages. ~ protection ils asioiated uf 1, 4gjrnonds shasing: a advavlege Fovebes shosioe of Cede and doe # Coch process hasa Aegmnent take avecated ufth 9, Lehich the Afspatchow gusos tp offre a hasdaoare soaeronk table when +s process 95 Given the cpv- OB, ~ 4 Beqraonda aie hated whon entfes An the sogtmentation ables -of Atforen’ prorewer péind tho Samo Phusfeal Ascatfon. * Code ahasing occu, at seq erend lwel a Any Infeamation Qn be shared Wibes defined te be . fearcont eral Seqmonts Qn shared, 55 0 peogiay ~ — Goenposed ef Several Segments, protideg high hating * example , Confder jhe we Cf a tox! editor Ta Hime shaiog Compete edftos aight be quite Loupe , Carpeted of mand Beaments , thye eegrnents Cane shaved Prpfeal meneny needed) to Suppoat- x Aegmentaffon ray cause etteinal agnentation , tahun all Herks ef fis roe meres 8 foo gerulh tp A accomodate a degment Yn HR caso Ay Protos Siaply hawo to wodtt cunfil More racrmieay becomes cwelilale co unt Goenpactfon Cucatos lagen hole . * Beawse reqmowtatfon ‘gby Ys natue a dyraniic Twlorafion algefthn 5 ce can connpat bead ela teale ‘62 tant (i \ [ Seunto | G [eae \ ies ad NS tgrnantedfon logtca\ memeny able peotoss) Precess P, < icine 2 za tb fo al | Sqeeento anavsatlion pupal rmomey. \ aT Logical omens RRocoss Pe fs Searmpslo Of Sy mentation . ® MALT Bingineerinng College, Trichy CS8H9N./ OPERATING SYSTEMS \ Suggested Questions / Assignments. / Home works /any other Avaiy about Soq mentation ON dample Adftinc peote en & define Sats eT ; : tyne utatfon fn ¥ Xplato te Yoplementatfan af, The) asc y ‘Text Books / Reference Books / Anny other suggested Materials | Vitle | Author | Pabtister 1 | Operating Sqstery Conophs, | Sins hety ley = : + 4h ao 2 | : Reader may use the link to listen to the video of this lecture You : a Reader may use the link to assess their understan ling of the lecture, _ Teachers may use the question for conduct [Link].T. Engineering College, Trichy CS8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS LectureNo. Thiel 92 2 bie bit auchiterteros _ / TA 32 AschPtoctuse — 2A 39 Aegenentatfon - peoen | TAS paging — xeb bis Bit - = | Lecture Outcome (LO) q 2 [Mestre Outcome oy | At the end of this lecture, students will be able to poe L0l | ondowstand antob ait aucliHtecture | Gndpssand LO? | expkitn the x86 by bit avowRou- | Dedorsteund | - - Teaching Learning Material Student Activity Chall Talk /1CT Tool / Any other Lien / Participate /Discuss /Peer to Peer Learning /Quiz /Role Play / Any other Lecture Notes Tele 20 bh aschBtectere” Gt feioun pusteucn # TA 3Q15t aschitechue Supports both pagkng and Segmentation . 4 nmin 9 divided Into. 9 Cormponauts $1 thom x cp produrces ocal addoessexs whch, cwveg fven to the Aqmenialfon uri, Soqmontadfon unt) praclerces a Wneas addooss fer each Jogi addovss. * (rear Addaess s, gen to Paging ur , which J: SANGEETHA, Ap /OsF §n usa genarcdes tw phyysfeal adds %0 mncdtn memesy Icpe f3 piel fo ER ene) 2 gg oh, Lal TA 32 Aegementation s x soqeeon| canto as Rasae as 4GB mmarPemum nucmies &f Sogenants pes pos peoass 16k x Jogical addavss spac 1 ARVvidod Into partfons- fost Bk Soyments — pavate t that proces Seterd 8k Segments — Arnel oso x local Aesosiptos table (JD): Information about frost pasttion Glotal doscstpbs table C Gr ‘Information about the zevord paslfifon. 4 Logica) address [= | alr 13, | a S -y Sogrnent nur bey 4 Andicates tho Aegon In spr). sipr p> podiion, ® + FX segment wogicters awellablo to lew At Segments t» bo addavrsed at any one Pano by a p2000%5 « vt has @ Lotte raion pecaram registows ‘bo bald the dosexptors loftal | € saves [Sects 3a BH Lnoae addvss. . Fi: 2A 39 Aogrenkation ashe dogeont vofiston pints to the Qppeepfiate onbnytn the 1DI Jewr the base and Lat Phformatfon About the Gegmont Py quesifon 94 used 4p genowte Lfhoas adders. ¥ Rott waristos % used tp Check or addooy velitity Ff tho addooss % nok val , the memory fell ts generate). vesulting trap +o tho og 4 sho valid the value of Hot 45 added 4o tho valucef, base Svsulling 2 3a BH Lircat gw re etree eo ree reece rere ee ee ee @ ommpoateny keys ug buxry By (s 06 '§ ae awit ‘eins fe rr CaTann 1 Res lence ale be] a SA2pPO romp 549 36 fo vowpep yp main BuxPod jaroy 8 am art fo x awit (2) GxiP ony sted y sBubed ve ¥E %7A38 page ‘ables con bo swapped t» disk , to Fonprove He efidency | prupca) memery use. & Swalfd Lt > momosy (8) dist + Rage address oxtenfon(Pac) : 1 allows 39 it Peocessoss tr aces a phyfca| adios, space Saxges than 4OB. Tt Aupposts 3 fore! paging Acheme x * ats Ate used do eles page dfrectowy petites tabla - X86: bh BH archidtochie ¥ TA bh 5 Santw orebfkoctuse , net wide ly adopted 4 AMD dovelopo 186-64 based on extondin J PAeog Intel’ On Bo il ‘ostudfon seb - 4 Xb by Auppools rauch lauges physical and Aedfeal ad duress Apaces . & bi bt addmroys Apaw folds a bles ef addressable memory (BR) ; E, msel Pas Rio t_) Bae a 63 aa 34/38 Bo'aq Airectery S20 Fa: ngb-by's Aenea addaoss ¥ Greater than |b quintiizon @) 16 exabites Aopposted Qn practee , fas fewer than by bits ate ped br addvess Yh8s raueh memory . * B peofide pe pth etual adldisoss th Support fou Poge Saws kB, ame om | Gs ving ty Lovels 9) paging Mealy. ¥ Wig also supposts PAC, 20 Gatual addopso, re Tye HS 9 Pee but Auppots 58 bik physical adclevssos (Ho46) terabytes. ® [Link].T. Engineering College, Trichy CS8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS. 7 Suggested Questions / Assignments / Home works /any other |. Cxplding Pn dokBl th» Into! 2g (St archfectuse 9. witte ghook notes on KSb- by bet archPecturo, Text Books / Reference Books / Any other suggested Materials [Link] Title Author Publisher 1 | Operating 4yshomn Concerts| Ploischatel lily. Reader may use the link to listen to the video of this lecture YouliD Reader may use the link to assess their understanding ofthe lecture, Teachers may use the question for conducting activity inthe class [Link].T. Engineering College, Trichy CS8493 / OPERATING SYSTEMS Lectureno. 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