D”P gva¨wgK ● †cŠibxwZ I mykvmb (wØZxq cÎ) ● Aa¨vqwfwËK m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi

PZz_© Aa¨vq: evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb

1. i³v³ msMªv‡gi ci 'K' ivóª ¯^vaxbZv jvf K‡i| Rvbyqvwi e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb ¯^‡`‡k wd‡i
¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi GK eQ‡ii g‡a¨B Zviv c…w_exi Av‡mb| †`‡k †divi ci ciB wZwb ¯^vaxb ivóª
GKwU Ab¨Zg †miv msweavb cªYqb Ki‡Z m¶g cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ AbwZwej‡¤^ msweavb cªYq‡b
nq| hv †MvUv we‡k¦ cªkswmZ nq| g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib| 1972 mv‡ji 11 Rvbyqvwi
K. evsjv‡`k msweav‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ ivóªcwZ †kL gywReyi ingvb evsjv‡`‡ki A¯’vqx
KqwU? msweavb Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib| 1972 mv‡ji 4 b‡f¤^i
L. †gŠwjK AwaKvi ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? GwU MYcwil` KZ©…K P~ovšÍfv‡e M…nxZ nq| GB
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z msweav‡bi mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ msweav‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e 4wU
†Kv‡bv †`‡ki msweav‡bi mv`…k¨ Av‡Q wK? welq‡K wbw`©ó Kiv nq| G¸‡jv n‡jv evOvwj RvwZi
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| HK¨ I msnwZi wfwˇZ MW‡় IVv evOvwj
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z msweavb Abyhvqx ÒRbMYB RvZxqZvev`| †kvlYnxb mgvRZvwš¿K mgvR cªwZôv
mKj ¶gZvi Drm|Õ - we‡kølY K‡iv| I A_©‰bwZK e¨e¯’vi j‡¶¨ mgvRZš¿| †gŠwjK
1 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi gvbevwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv cª`vb Ges RvZxq
K. evsjv‡`k msweav‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ n‡jv Rxe‡bi me©¯Í‡i RbM‡Yi AskMªn‡Yi my‡hvM †`Iqvi
PviwU| j‡¶¨ MYZš¿| mKj cªKvi mv¤cÖ`vwqKZv we‡jvc I
L. †gŠwjK AwaKvi ej‡Z ivóªcª`Ë †mme my‡hvM- mKj a‡g©i gvby‡li mgAwaKvi cªwZôvi Rb¨
myweav‡K †evSvq hv e¨ZxZ bvMwiK‡`i e¨w³‡Z¡i ag©wbi‡c¶Zv| G Av‡jvPbv †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki
weKvk m¤¢e bq| msweavb Ges 'K' iv‡óªi msweav‡bi mv`…k¨ cªgvwYZ
gvby‡li e¨w³Z¡ I †gav weKv‡ki Rb¨ GKvšÍfv‡e nq|
Acwinvh© †h mKj AwaKvi ivóª KZ©…K ejer nq N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z msweavb Abyhvqx A_©vr evsjv‡`‡ki
†mB¸‡jvB †gŠwjK AwaKvi wn‡m‡e ¯^xK…Z| †gŠwjK msweavb Abyhvqx 'RbMYB mKj ¶gZvi Drm'—
AwaKvi e¨ZxZ mf¨ Rxebhvcb Kiv m¤¢e bq| mKj e³e¨wU h_v_©|
MYZvwš¿K iv‡óªB RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKvimg~n evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi GKwU Ab¨Zg cªavb ˆewkó¨
Zv‡`i kvmbZ‡š¿ mwbœ‡ewkZ _v‡K| MYZvwš¿K n‡”Q G msweav‡b RbM‡Yi mve©‡fŠgZ¡‡K cªvavb¨
mgv‡Ri g~jwfwË n‡jv †gŠwjK AwaKvi| †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| msweav‡b ejv n‡q‡Q- 'RbMYB mKj
M. n¨vu, DÏxc‡Ki msweav‡bi mv‡_ Avgvi cwVZ ivóªxq ¶gZvi Drm'| RbMY cªZ¨¶fv‡e cªwZwbwa
evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q| wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g c‡iv¶fv‡e ivóªxq ¶gZv cwiPvjbv
cªwZwU ¯^vaxb iv‡óªiB GKwU msweavb _v‡K| KviY Ki‡e| A_©vr G msweav‡b RbM‡Yi Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi
msweav‡bi wfwˇZB GKwU iv‡óªi mKj Kg©KvÐ cªwZdjb i‡q‡Q| MYZš¿‡K iv‡óªi Ab¨Zg g~j
cwiPvwjZ nq| G Kvi‡YB ¯^vaxbZvi ci ciB PvwjKvkw³ wn‡m‡e †NvlYv K‡i msweav‡bi 11bs
evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU msweavb cªYxZ nq| GB Aby‡”Q‡` ejv n‡q‡Q, 'cªRvZš¿ n‡e GKwU MYZš¿,
msweav‡bi ˆewk‡ó¨i cªwZdjbB 'K' iv‡óªi †hLv‡b †gŠwjK gvbevwaKvi I ¯^vaxbZvi wbðqZv
msweav‡bi †¶‡Î j¶Yxq| _vK‡e| cªkvm‡bi mKj ch©v‡q wbe©vwPZ cªwZwbwa‡`i
DÏxc‡K 'K' ivóªwU ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci `ªæZZg g‡qi gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi Kvh©Ki AskMªnY wbwðZ Ki‡e|
g‡a¨ GKwU msweavb cªYqb K‡i| Gi g~jbxwZ evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b RbM‡Yi ¶gZvqb ¯^xKvi
wn‡m‡e †h welq¸‡jv‡K MY¨ Kiv nq †m¸‡jv n‡jv K‡i †bqvi cvkvcvwk †gŠwjK AwaKvi‡KI cªvavb¨
RvZxqZvev`, MYZš¿, mgvRZš¿ I ag©wbi‡c¶Zv| †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| mKj bvMwiK AvB‡bi `…wó‡Z mgvb
evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi †¶‡ÎI G welq¸‡jv Ges AvB‡bi mgvb Avkªq jv‡fi AwaKvix| AvBb
`…wó‡MvPi nq| 1971 mv‡ji 26 gvP© evsjv‡`‡ki e¨ZxZ Ggb †Kv‡bv e¨e¯’v MªnY Kiv hv‡e bv hv‡Z
¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv Kiv nq| Avi 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`k e¨w³i Rxeb, ¯^vaxbZv, †`n, mybvg ev m¤úwËi nvwb
P~ovšÍ weRq AR©b K‡i| Gici 1972 mv‡ji 10 N‡U| me©‡¶‡Î RbM‡Yi ¶gZvqb n‡jI †`k
 AvB‡bi gva¨‡g cwiPvwjZ n‡e| AvB‡bi Øviv 1971 mv‡j m`¨ ¯^vaxbZvcªvß evsjv‡`k bvgK ivóªwU
cª‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki m¤úwË AR©b, aviY, n¯ÍvšÍi I cwiPvjbvi g~j `wjj wn‡m‡e ivóªcwZ e½eÜy †kL
Ab¨fv‡e wewae¨e¯’v Kivi AwaKvi _vK‡e| Rb¯^v‡_© gywReyi ingvb GKwU msweavb cªYq‡bi cª‡qvRbxqZv
AvB‡bi Øviv Av‡ivwcZ hyw³msMZ evav-wb‡la Dcjwä K‡ib| G D‡Ï‡k¨ wZwb 1972 mv‡ji 11
mv‡c‡¶ †`‡ki me©Î Aev‡a Pjv‡div, Gi †h †Kv‡bv Rvbyqvwi A¯’vqx msweavb Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib| GiB
¯’v‡b emevm, kvwšÍc~Y©fv‡e mg‡eZ nIqvi avivevwnKZvq c‡i MYcwil` Av‡`k Rvwi I
†kvfvhvÎvq †hvM`vb Kivi AwaKvi mK‡ji _vK‡e| msweavb KwgwU MVb Kiv nq Ges hvPvB-evQvB †k‡l
cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, MYZ‡š¿i g~j K_vB n‡”Q RbMYB evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ GKwU msweavb cªYqb Kiv nq| G
mKj ¶gZvi Drm| Gi cªwZ A`g¨ ¯ú…nvB evOvwj msweav‡b RbM‡Yi Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi c~Y© cªwZdjb
RvwZ‡K ¯^vaxbZv msMªv‡g AbycªvwYZ K‡iwQj| ZvB N‡UwQj| DÏxc‡Ki bxwZgvjv cªYq‡bi †¶‡ÎI G
msweav‡b MYZš¿ Z_v RbM‡Yi ¶gZvqb‡K iv‡óªi ai‡bi Kg©ZrciZv j¶¨ Kiv hvq|
Ab¨Zg g~j ¯Í¤¢ wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡K †`Lv hvq, msMV‡bi cªavb wbe©vnx wn‡m‡e
Rbve iwk` msMVbwU cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GKwU
2. Rbve iwk` GKwU msMV‡bi cªavb wbe©vnx| `vwqZ¡ bxwZgvjv cªYqb K‡ib| G‡¶‡Î m`m¨‡`i mv‡_
†bevi ci wZwb msMVbwU cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GKwU Av‡jvPbv, Ab¨vb¨ msMV‡bi bxwZgvjv ch©v‡jvPbv
bxwZgvjv ˆZwi K‡ib| msMVbwUi m`m¨‡`i m‡½ cªf…wZ D‡`¨vM MªnY Kiv nq| evsjv‡`k msweavb
Av‡jvPbv I Ab¨vb¨ msMV‡bi bxwZgvjv ch©v‡jvPbv cªYq‡bi †¶‡ÎI GKB cªwµqv j¶ Kiv hvq|
K‡i bxwZgvjvwU ˆZwi Kiv nq| bxwZgvjvq m`m¨‡`i msweavb iPbvi Rb¨ 1972 mv‡ji 23 gvP© ivóªcwZ
AwaKvi I KZ©e¨, msMVb cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ 'MYcwil` Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib| G Av‡`ke‡j
wjwce× Kiv nq| RbM‡Yi Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi cªwZ MYcwil` cª_g Awa‡ek‡b AvBbgš¿x W. Kvgvj
j¶ †i‡L bxwZgvjvwU †ek K‡qKevi ms‡kvab Kiv †nv‡m‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ 34 m`m¨wewkó GKwU msweavb
n‡q‡Q| cªYqb KwgwU MVb K‡i| msweavb cªYqb KwgwUi
K. ¯’vbxq kvmb Kv‡K e‡j? K‡qKRb m`m¨ hy³ivR¨mn wewfbœ †`k mdi K‡i
L. †gŠwjK AwaKvi †Kb cª‡qvRb? Zv‡`i msweavb ch©v‡jvPbv K‡ib| 1972 mv‡ji 12
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ bxwZgvjvi mv‡_ evsjv‡`k A‡±vei MYcwil‡` Zviv GKwU LmW়v msweavb wej
msweavb cªwZôvi c×wZMZ wgj †Kv_vq? DÌvcb K‡ib| GwU cª_g, wØZxq, Z…Zxq cvV †k‡l
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| me©m¤§wZµ‡g 4 b‡f¤^i M…nxZ nIqvi ci 1972
N. ÒD³ bxwZgvjvwUi ms‡kvab mykvmb cªwZôvq mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i †_‡K Kvh©Ki nq| RbM‡Yi
mnvqK"- we‡kølY K‡iv| Avkv-AvKvO&¶vi mv‡_ msMwZ †i‡L GwU G ch©šÍ 17
2 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi evi ms‡kvwaZ n‡q‡Q| myZivs ejv hvq, DÏxc‡Ki
K. †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii c‡¶ ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q AvBb-k…•Ljv bxwZgvjv cªYq‡bi mv‡_ evsjv‡`k msweavb cªYq‡bi
i¶v, ivR¯^ Av`vq Ges miKvwi bxwZ, Av`k© I my¯úó cªwZdjb i‡q‡Q|
wm×všÍ ev¯Íevqb‡K ¯’vbxq kvmb e‡j| N. D³ bxwZgvjvwUi mv‡_ mv`…k¨c~Y© evsjv‡`‡ki
L. gvbyl wn‡m‡e †eu‡P _vKv Ges my¯,’ my›`i Rxeb msweavb ms‡kvab mykvmb cªwZôvq mnvqK Dw³wU
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †gŠwjK AwaKvi cª‡qvRb| h_v_©|
†hme AwaKvi c~iY e¨ZxZ gvby‡li †eu‡P _vKv Am¤¢e miKv‡ii wewfbœ Kv‡R ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZvi
n‡q c‡o ZvB †gŠwjK AwaKvi| †hgb— Lv`¨, e¯¿, g‡bvfve, AvB‡bi kvmb, kvmbKv‡h© RbM‡Yi
evm¯’v‡bi AwaKvi| Gme AwaKvi c~iY Qvov AskMªnY Gme mykvmb cªwZôvq mnvqK| mykvmb
bvMwiKiv my¯’ ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †eu‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i bv| cªwZôvi gva¨‡g miKv‡ii ¯^”QZv I Revew`wnZv e…w×
ZvB evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 15bs Aby‡”Q‡` †gŠwjK cvq, AvB‡bi kvmb wbwðZ nq Ges gvby‡li †gŠwjK
AwaKvi c~i‡Yi wbðqZv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| AwaKvi GKwU wbivcËv ej‡qi g‡a¨ Av‡m| GRb¨
M. Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g bxwZgvjv cªYqb I msweavb‡K MwZkxj I hy‡Mvc‡hvMx Kiv Avek¨K|
ms‡kva‡bi w`K we‡ePbvq DÏxc‡Ki bxwZgvjvi mykvmb cªwZôvi †¶‡Î Ab¨Zg mnvqK kw³ n‡”Q
mv‡_ evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi c×wZMZ wgj i‡q‡Q| GKwU DËg msweavb| mgvR I ivRbxwZ †hgb
 cwieZ©bkxj †Zgwb msweavbI wbqZ cwieZ©bkxj| ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g ivóªcwZi ¶gZv‡K msKywPZ K‡i
MwZkxj ivRbxwZ I mgvRe¨e¯’vi mv‡_ ivóªxq cªavbgš¿x‡K Amxg ¶gZvkvjx Kiv nq|
bxwZgvjv‡K LvcLvIqv‡Z KL‡bv KL‡bv †`‡ki M. DÏxc‡K mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweav‡bi mv‡_
msweavb ms‡kvab cª‡qvRb n‡q c‡o| mgvR I evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi †ek wKQy mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q|
ivRbxwZi AMªMwZ I cªMwZi mv‡_ mv‡_ hw` evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb GKwU wjwLZ msweavb|
msweav‡bi cª‡qvRbxq cwieZ©b I cwiea©b m~wPZ bv msweav‡bi Øv`k ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g msm`xq c×wZi
nq Zvn‡j mgvR ¯’wei n‡q c‡o Ges wek…•Ljv †`Lv miKvi e¨e¯’v Pvjy i‡q‡Q| msweav‡bi 22bs
†`q; ivóªxq Kj¨vY e¨vnZ nq| m‡e©vcwi iv‡óª mykvmb Aby‡”Q‡` wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZvi ¯^xK…wZ †`Iqv
cªwZôv evavMª¯Í nq| Kv‡RB mg‡qi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k msweav‡b †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii
mv‡_ iv‡óª mykvmb cªwZôvi j‡¶¨ msweav‡b cwieZ©b, ¯^xK…wZ †`qv n‡q‡Q 26-47bs Aby‡”Q‡`|
cwiea©b, ms‡hvRb I we‡qvRb Kiv nq| mykvmb DÏxc‡Ki mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweav‡bi g~j
cªwZôvi j‡¶¨ c…w_exi cªvq cªwZwU †`‡ki msweav‡b ˆewkó¨mg~‡ni g‡a¨ wjwLZ msweavb, msm`xq c×wZi
ms‡kvabx G‡m‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki †¶‡ÎI welqwU miKvi e¨e¯’v, wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv I RbM‡Yi
mgvbfv‡e cª‡hvR¨| cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq, msweavb †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii D‡jøL i‡q‡Q, †h¸‡jvi mv‡_
ms‡kvab hw` RbM‡Yi Kj¨v‡Y nq Z‡e msweavb evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q|
ms‡kvab mykvmb e‡q Av‡b| N. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweavb
A‡c¶v DËg- e³e¨wUi mv‡_ Avwg GKgZ|
3. mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweavb GKwU wjwLZ msweavb| DÏxc‡K mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweav‡bi mv‡_
msm`xq c×wZi miKvi, wØ-K¶wewkó AvBbmfv, evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi †hme wel‡q mv`…k¨ i‡q‡Q
wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv BZ¨vw` G Ômsweav‡bi g~j Zv n‡jv- wjwLZ msweavb, msm`xq miKvi, wePvi
ˆewkó¨| G msweavb ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ AvBbmfvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv, †gŠwjK AwaKvi| Z_vwc
wZb-PZy_©vs‡ki m`m¨‡`i mg_©b cª‡qvRb| DÏxc‡Ki mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweavb A‡c¶v
msweavbwU‡Z RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK AwaKv‡ii D‡jøL evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb DËg| †Kbbv, evsjv‡`‡ki
_vK‡jI ivóª Pvjbvi g~jbxwZi' †Kv‡bv D‡jøL †bB| msweav‡b ivóªcwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~n mwbœ‡ewkZ
K. msweav‡bi †Kvb ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g Av‡Q; hv mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweav‡b †bB| GB w`K
ZË¡veavqK miKvi evwZj Kiv nq? †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb DËg| evsjv‡`‡ki
L. evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Øv`k ms‡kvabxi g~j msweav‡bi 2q fv‡M ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZmg~n
welqe¯Íy Kx wQj? e¨vL¨v K‡iv| wjwce× Kiv Av‡Q| evsjv‡`‡ki ivóª cwiPvjbvi
M. mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweav‡bi mv‡_ evsjv‡`k PviwU g~jbxwZ n‡jv- RvZxqZvev`, mgvRZš¿, MYZš¿
msweav‡bi mv`…k¨ †`LvI| I ag©wbi‡c¶Zv|
N. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweavb evsjv‡`‡ki AvBbmfv GKK¶ wewkó| Ges
A‡c¶v DËg-Zywg wK GKgZ? hyw³ w`‡q evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZI mvgÄm¨c~Y©|
†j‡Lv| mnRI bq, Avevi KwVbI bq| hv mygvBqvi †`‡ki
3 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZ A‡c¶v †kªq| GB w`K
K. msweav‡bi cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g ZË¡veavqK †_‡KI evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb DËg| ZvB Dc‡ii
miKvi evwZj Kiv nq| Av‡jvPbvi †cªw¶‡Z ejv hvq, ivóªcwiPvjbvi
L. evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi Øv`k ms‡kvabxi g~j welqe¯Íy g~jbxwZi D‡jøL _vKvq evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb
n‡jv ivóªcwZkvwmZ miKv‡ii cwie‡Z© gwš¿cwil` DÏxc‡Ki mygvBqvi †`‡ki msweavb A‡c¶v DËg|
kvwmZ e¨e¯’v cªeZ©b|
bZyb G e¨e¯’vq ivóªcwZi cwie‡Z© cªavbgš¿x me©gq 4. ivBgvi †`‡ki msweav‡b ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ,
KZ©…‡Z¡i AwaKvi jvf K‡ib| G e¨e¯’v Abyhvqx bvMwiK‡`i †gŠwjK AwaKvi Ges kw³kvjx
cªavbgš¿xi †bZ…‡Z¡ evsjv‡`‡k GKwU gwš¿mfv _vK‡e gwš¿cwil` MV‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| AvBbmfvi
e‡j ejv nq| gwš¿cwil` Zvi Kvh© I bxwZi Rb¨ m`m¨‡`i mvaviY msL¨vMwi‡ôi †fv‡U msweavb
AvBbmfvi wbKU `vqx _vK‡e| †gvUK_v, Øv`k cwieZ©‡bi e¨e¯’v ivLv n‡q‡Q|
 K. KZ Zvwi‡L evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb Kvh©Ki nq? bv ejv n‡jI evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡b wePvi
L. cÂg ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZvi K_v wbwðZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
g~jbxwZ‡Z Kx cwieZ©b Avbv n‡qwQj? msweav‡b 22bs Aby‡”Q‡` G wel‡q my¯úó
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ msweav‡b evsjv‡`k weavb i‡q‡Q| msweavb Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡k
msweav‡bi †Kvb ˆewk󨸇jv cªwZdwjZ nqwb? GKwU m‡e©v”P Av`vjZ ¯’vc‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| nq| ejv nq Gi bvg n‡e mywcªg †KvU©|
N. ivBgvi †`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZi cwi‡k‡l ejv hvq †h, DwjøwLZ ˆewkó¨ QvovI
Zyjbvq †Zvgvi †`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi Av‡iv A‡bK ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q,
c×wZ AwaKZi MªnY‡hvM¨| Dw³wUi mc‡¶ hv ivBgvi †`‡ki msweav‡b ejv nqwb|
†Zvgvi gZvgZ †ck K‡iv| N. ivBgvi †`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZi Zyjbvq
4 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi Avgvi †`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZ AwaKZi
K. 1972 mv‡ji 16 wW‡m¤^i evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb MªnY‡hvM¨| Avwg Dw™¢wUi mv‡_ GKgZ|
Kvh©Ki nq| DÏxc‡Ki eY©bvq †`Lv hvq †h, ivBgvi †`‡ki
L. cÂg ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 4wU AvBbmfvi m`m¨‡`i mvaviY msL¨vMwi‡ôi †fv‡U
g~jbxwZi g‡a¨ MYZš¿ Qvov evwK wZbwU‡ZB cwieZ©b msweavb cwieZ©‡bi e¨e¯’v ivLv n‡q‡Q| G wewa
Avbv n‡qwQj| Abyhvqx msweavb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z memgq
cÂg ms‡kvabx‡Z RvZxqZvev‡`i cwie‡Z© msL¨vMwi‡ôi †fvU cvIqv GKwU `ytmva¨ welq|
evsjv‡`wk RvZxqZvev‡`i aviYv Avbv nq| †gvUK_v, GwU AvaywbKKv‡j MªnY‡hvM¨ †Kv‡bv c×wZ
ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi cwie‡Z© me©kw³gvb Avjøvni Dci n‡Z cv‡i bv| c¶všÍ‡i, evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb
c~Y© Av¯’v I wek¦vm Avbv nq| cÂg ms‡kvabx‡Z ms‡kvab Ki‡Z GKwU mywbw`©ó c×wZ Aej¤^b Ki‡Z
mgvRZš¿‡K A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi nq| †hgb- evsjv‡`k msweav‡bi 142 bs Aby‡”Q‡`
wn‡m‡e ivóªxq g~jbxwZ Kiv nq| ejv n‡q‡Q †h,
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ivBgvi †`‡ki msweav‡b evsjv‡`k (1) GB msweav‡b hv ejv n‡q‡Q, Zv m‡Ë¡I
msweav‡bi A‡bK¸‡jv ˆewkó¨ cªwZdwjZ nqwb| (K) msm‡`i AvB‡bi Øviv GB msweav‡bi †Kv‡bv
wb‡P G m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv- weavb ms‡hvRb, cwieZ©b, cªwZ¯’vcb ev
1. m‡e©v”P AvBb : evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb iv‡óªi iwnZKi‡Yi Øviv ms‡kvwaZ n‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e
m‡e©v”P AvBb| KviY evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi kZ© _v‡K †h,
mv‡_ †`‡ki cªPwjZ †Kv‡bv AvB‡bi msNvZ (A) Abyiƒc ms‡kvabxi Rb¨ AvbxZ †Kv‡bv we‡ji
m…wó n‡j †m‡¶‡Î msweavb cªvavb¨ cv‡e| A_©vr m¤ú~Y© wk‡ivbvgvq GB msweav‡bi †Kv‡bv weavb
hw` †Kv‡bv AvBb msweav‡bi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨nxb ms‡kvab Kiv n‡e e‡j ¯úóiƒ‡c D‡jøL bv
nq, Zvn‡j H AvB‡bi hZLvwb AmvgÄm¨c~Y© _vK‡j wejwU we‡ePbvi Rb¨ MªnY Kiv hv‡e bv;
ZZLvwb evwZj n‡q hv‡e| ivBgvi †`‡ki (Av) msm‡`i †gvU m`m¨ msL¨vi Ab¨~b `yB
msweav‡b G ai‡Yi wKQy ejv nqwb| Z…Zxqvsk M…nxZ bv n‡j Abyiƒc †Kv‡bv we‡j
2. cªRvZš¿ : evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi cª_g fvM m¤§wZ`v‡bi Rb¨ Zv ivóªcwZi wbKU Dc¯’vwcZ
wQj bZyb cªRvZ‡š¿i mywbw`©ó Ges AvbyôvwbK n‡e bv;
ewntcªKvk| GwU evsjv‡`k‡K GKwU GKK, (L) DcwiD³ Dcv‡q †Kv‡bv wej M…nxZ nevi ci
¯^vaxb I mve©‡fŠg cªRvZš¿ wn‡m‡e †NvlYv m¤§wZi Rb¨ ivóªcwZi wbKU Zv Dc¯’vwcZ n‡j
K‡i| G‡Z cªRvZ‡š¿i ivóªxq mxgvbv, ivóªfvlv, Dc¯’vc‡bi mvZ w`‡bi g‡a¨ wZwb Zv Ki‡Z
RvZxq m½xZ, RvZxq cZvKv, RvZxq cªZxK, Amg_© n‡j D³ †gqv‡`i Aemv‡b wZwb
RvZxq dyj Ges RvZxq ¯^vZšÍª¨‡K msÁvwqZ wejwU‡Z m¤§wZ`vb K‡i‡Qb e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
Kiv nq| ivBgvi †`‡ki msweav‡b cªRvZš¿ DcwiD³ eY©bvi †cªw¶‡Z ejv hvq, ivBgvi †`‡ki
m¤ú‡K© wKQy ejv nqwb| Zyjbvq evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb ms‡kvab c×wZ
3. wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv : ivBgvi †`‡ki AwaKZi MªnY‡hvM¨|
msweav‡b wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZvi K_v wKQy
5. Aa¨vcK bvRgv Av³vi †kªYxK‡¶ cvV`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| Giƒ‡c msm‡` M…nxZ †Kv‡bv msweavb ms‡kvabx
wM‡q e‡jb †h, evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb wjwLZ I wej hLb ivóªcwZi wbKU cvVv‡bv nq ZLb wZwb mvZ
`y®úwieZ©bxq| B‡”Q Ki‡jB msweavb ms‡kvab Kiv w`‡bi g‡a¨ wejwU‡Z m¤§wZ`vb Ki‡eb| wKš‘ wZwb
hvq bv| GwU ms‡kvab Kivi c×wZ ¯úó K‡i Zv Ki‡Z Amg_© n‡j D³ mgq AwZevwnZ nIqvi
msweav‡bi `kg fvM G D‡jøL i‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b ci wZwb wejwU‡Z m¤§wZ`vb K‡i‡Qb e‡j MY¨ Kiv
msweavb ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl c×wZi K_v ejv n‡e|
n‡q‡Q| msweavb cwieZ©b, ms‡kvab I cwigvR©b N. evsjv‡`‡ki msweavb cwieZ©b I cwigvR©‡bi ¶gZv
Kivi †¶‡Î evsjv‡`k RvZxq msm‡`i ¶gZvB Pig ïay RvZxq msm‡`i|
I P~ovšÍ| evsjv‡`k msweavb `y®úwieZ©bxq| msweav‡b wjwLZ
K. evsjv‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P AvBb †KvbwU? Av‡Q †h, RvZxq msm` msweav‡bi †h‡Kv‡bv weavb‡K
L. cªRvZš¿ ej‡Z wK †evSvq? ms‡kvab Ki‡Z cv‡i| msweavb ms‡kva‡bi wej
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ evsjv‡`k msweavb c×wZ msm‡`i †gvU m`‡m¨i AšÍZ `yB-Z…Zxqvsk ev
e¨vL¨v K‡iv| msL¨vMwiô †fv‡U M…nxZ n‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e †Kv‡bv
N. evsjv‡`k msweavb cwieZ©b I cwigvR©b Kivi wej M…nxZ n‡j †mB wej ivóªcwZi Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨
†¶‡Î DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ RvZxq msm‡`i ¶gZv Zvui wbKU †ck Kiv n‡e| msweav‡b ¯úófv‡e D‡jøL
we‡kølY K‡iv| Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, ÒGiƒc †Kv‡bv wejB m¤§wZi Rb¨
5 b¤^i m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi ivóªcwZi wbKU †ck Kiv n‡e bv, hw` bv GwU
K. evsjv‡`‡ki m‡e©v”P AvBb n‡jv msweavb| msm‡`i †gvU m`‡m¨i AšÍZ `yB-Z…Zxqvsk m`‡m¨i
L. †h kvmbe¨e¯’vq ivóªcªavb RbM‡Yi Øviv cªZ¨¶ ev †fv‡U M…nxZ nq|" Gfv‡e msm‡` M…nxZ †Kv‡bv
c‡iv¶fv‡e wbe©vwPZ nb Zv‡K cªRvZš¿ e‡j| ms‡kvabx wej hLb ivóªcwZi wbKU cvVv‡bv nq,
cªRvZvwš¿K miKvi MYZvwš¿K miKv‡ii GKwU iƒc| ZLb wZwb mvZ w`‡bi g‡a¨ wejwU‡Z m¤§wZ `vb
Z‡e me cªRvZ‡š¿ ivóªcªavb wbe©vP‡bi c×wZ Ki‡eb| wZwb Zv Ki‡Z Amg_© n‡j D³ mgq
GKBiƒc bq| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv cªRvZvwš¿K iv‡óªi AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci wZwb wejwU‡Z m¤§wZ `vb
ivóªcªavb RbM‡Yi mivmwi †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ n‡q K‡i‡Qb e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡e| wejwU wewae× I Kvh©Ki
_v‡K| n‡e|
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ evsjv‡`k msweavb ms‡kva‡bi ivóªcwZi 15Zg ms‡kvab Av‡`‡k (1978) ejv nq,
we‡kl c×wZwU n‡jv ms‡kvab cªwµqv| Òmsweavb cª¯Ívebv, ivóª cwiPvjbvi g~jbxwZ,
cª‡Z¨K †`‡ki msweav‡b Gi ms‡kva‡bi weavb ivóªcwZi wbe©vPb I ¶gZv m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv ms‡kvab
_v‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki msweavbI Gi e¨wZµg bq| cª¯Íve msm` KZ©…K M…nxZ n‡q ivóªcwZi wbKU m¤§wZi
evsjv‡`‡ki msweav‡bi 142bs Aby‡”Q‡` ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ Dc¯’vwcZ n‡j ivóªcwZ GK MY‡fv‡Ui
wbqgvewj we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e wjwLZ Av‡Q| evsjv‡`k Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb| MY‡fv‡U IB cª¯Íve msL¨vMwi‡ôi
msweavb `y®úwieZ©bxq Ges G‡K mvaviY AvBb Øviv mgw_©Z n‡j ivóªcwZ m¤§wZ w`‡q‡Qb e‡j ai‡Z
cªYqb c×wZ‡Z ms‡kvab Kiv hvq bv, eis we‡kl n‡e| Ab¨_vq, Zv ivóªcwZi m¤§wZ jvf Ki‡e bv|Ó
c×wZi gva¨‡gB ms‡kvab Kiv hvq| msweav‡bi Øv`k ms‡kvab AvB‡bi †¶‡Î Gfv‡e MY‡fvU
cÂ`k ms‡kvabx‡Z 142bs Aby‡”Q‡`i cªwZ¯’vcb AbywôZ nq 1991 mv‡ji 15 A‡±vei| Z‡e 2011
K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q †h, RvZxq msm` msweav‡bi mv‡j msweav‡bi cÂ`k ms‡kvabxi gva¨‡g 'MY‡fvU'
†h‡Kv‡bv weavb‡K ms‡kvab Ki‡Z cv‡i| e¨e¯’v evwZj Kiv nq|
msweavb ms‡kva‡bi †Kv‡bv wejB msm‡`i we‡ePbvi evsjv‡`‡k msweavb ms‡kva‡bi Dch©y³ wbqgvewj
Rb¨ MªnY Kiv n‡e bv, hw` bv D³ we‡ji wk‡ivbv‡g †_‡K ¯úóZ †evSv hvq †h, GKgvÎ RvZxq msm`B
msweav‡bi †Kv‡bv weavb ms‡kvab Kiv n‡e Zv g~jZ msweavb ms‡kvab ev iwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
¯úófv‡e D‡jøL bv _v‡K| msweavb ms‡kva‡bi wej
msm‡`i †gvU m`‡m¨i AšÍZ `yB-Z…Zxqvsk †fv‡U
M…nxZ n‡Z n‡e| Gfv‡e †Kv‡bv wej M…nxZ n‡j †mB
wej ivóªcwZi Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ Zvui wbKU †ck Kiv