GAZELLE LERCANA BEED 301.
APRIL 11, 2024
Lesson 4A-Living Things Reproduce (Grade 3)
Self-Learning Activities
a. Interview people who grow leafy vegetables like lettuce, orange mint, kangkong,
and other high value herbs, without soil. Is this technology more practical than using soil when you
are in the urban area? Make a small collection of five plants that you grow by aquaponics. Describe
how long it took the stems to grow or the seed to produce edible leaves.
Aquaponics, a method of growing plants without soil using nutrient-rich water from fish tanks, can
indeed be more practical in urban areas where space is limited and soil quality may be poor. So,
here's a small collection of five plants commonly grown using aquaponics:
1. Lettuce is one of the most popular crops for aquaponics due to its fast growth and shallow root
system. Depending on the variety, lettuce can take anywhere from 4 to 6 weeks to reach maturity
and produce edible leaves.
2. Basil is another herb that thrives in aquaponic systems. It typically takes around 3 to 4 weeks for
basil seedlings to mature and begin producing leaves suitable for harvesting.
3. Mint is a hardy herb that grows vigorously in aquaponic setups. It can take approximately 4 to 6
weeks for mint plants to establish themselves and yield flavorful leaves for harvest.
4. Kangkong is a leafy vegetable commonly grown in aquaponic systems. It usually takes about 3
to 4 weeks for kangkong stems to develop and produce tender leaves that are ready for
consumption.
5. Arugula is a peppery green that grows quickly in aquaponic environments. It typically takes
around 3 to 4 weeks for arugula plants to reach maturity and produce harvestable leaves.
These timelines can vary based on factors such as environmental conditions, nutrient levels, and
specific plant varieties. However, in general, aquaponic systems can provide a consistent and
efficient method for growing a variety of leafy greens and herbs in urban settings without the need
for soil.
b. Make a family tree of three generations (grandparents, parents, brothers and sisters)
focusing on only one trait that is found in your family. Use the following symbols: circle for
female, square for male, connecting solid lines.
Refer to the diagram:
Generation I: Grandparents on your father and mother side
Generation II: Your parents
Generation III: You and your siblings
Journal Entry #4A - Observable Characteristics from Parents to Offspring
In this lesson, we explored the concept of living things reproducing and the observable
characteristics that are passed on from parents to offspring. It was fascinating to
understand how the process of reproduction ensures the continuity of life on our planet.
Reproduction is the biological process by which new individuals of the same species are
produced. Through this process, genetic information is passed from parents to their
offspring. This genetic information determines the observable characteristics or traits that
the offspring will inherit.
One observable characteristic that is passed on from parents to offspring is eye color. It
was interesting to learn that the genes responsible for eye color are inherited from both
parents. This means that a child's eye color can be a combination of the eye colors of their
parents.
Another observable characteristic is height. Genes play a significant role in determining
how tall a person will be. Taller parents are more likely to have taller children, although
other factors such as nutrition and environment can also influence height.
I also learned that traits can be either dominant or recessive. Dominant traits are more
likely to be expressed in the offspring, while recessive traits may be hidden or not
expressed at all. This was a new concept for me, and it made me realize the complexity
and diversity that can arise from the combination of genetic information.
Understanding these observable characteristics from parents to offspring is essential in
fields such as genetics and evolutionary biology. It helps us comprehend how traits are
inherited and how variations in traits can occur within a population.
Reflecting on this lesson, I am amazed by the unique mechanisms of life and how the
passing on of genetic information shapes the characteristics of living beings. It highlights
the interconnectedness of all living things and the importance of preserving and studying
biodiversity.
Lesson 4B- Life Cycles of Human, Animals and Plants (Grade 4)
Self-Learning Activities:
1. At home, germinate ten seeds of mongo until they become young plants.
Provide water, some soil and expose the potted plants to sunlight. Describe the procedure that
you will have and record the changes in the growth of the plants for 20 days. You may photograph
the setup and share your observations in class.
Here's the step-by-step procedure for germinating and growing ten mongo seeds into young plants
over a period of 20 days:
1. Germination Setup
a. Prepare 10 small pots or containers with drainage holes at the bottom.
b. Fill each pot with moistened potting soil, leaving about an inch of space from the rim.
c. Plant one mongo seed in each pot at a depth of about 1/2 inch.
d. Lightly cover the seeds with soil and gently press down to ensure good soil-to-seed contact.
e. Water the pots thoroughly until the soil is evenly moist but not waterlogged.
2. Placement and Sunlight
a. Place the pots in a location with ample sunlight, preferably near a south-facing window or
under grow lights.
b. Ensure that the pots receive at least 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day.
c. Rotate the pots periodically to ensure even exposure to sunlight on all sides of the plants.
3. Watering and Moisture
a. Monitor the soil moisture regularly and water the pots whenever the top inch of soil feels dry to
the touch.
b. Avoid overwatering, as mongo plants are susceptible to root rot in waterlogged conditions.
c. Use a watering can or spray bottle to water the pots gently, ensuring that the soil is evenly
moistened.
4. Observations and Recording
a. Keep a daily journal to record observations of the mongo seedlings' growth and development.
b. Note any changes in the appearance of the seedlings, such as emergence of cotyledons (seed
leaves) and the development of true leaves.
c. Measure the height of the seedlings at regular intervals, such as every 2-3 days, to track their
growth progress.
d. Take photographs of the seedlings and their growth environment periodically to document
changes over time.
5. Maintenance
a. Remove any weeds or debris from the pots to prevent competition for nutrients and space.
b. Provide support for the seedlings if they start to lean or become leggy.
c. Monitor the plants for signs of pests or diseases and take appropriate action if necessary,
such as applying organic insecticides or fungicides.
2. Let’s go butterfly egg hunting by looking for butterfly eggs on the leaves of some plants. When
you find butterfly eggs, uproot a whole plant and replant in a small pot. Place the small pot in an
empty 6-liter water container, bring it inside and place it near the window. Replace the cones of the
container. Observe the changes that happen to the butterfly egg. Make a photo essay.
The Transformation of a Butterfly Egg
In nature's peaceful dance, a butterfly egg goes through a beautiful change, showing how things
can transform. At first, it looks tiny and amazing, sitting on a leaf, ready for life to begin.
As time passes, tiny changes start inside the egg, showing that something big is happening. Even
though we can't see it, the baby butterfly inside starts to grow. Patterns slowly appear on the egg,
hinting at the butterfly's design.
Weeks later, the egg cracks open, showing that new life is about to burst out. With a gentle push,
the egg breaks, revealing a tiny caterpillar – a sign of endless possibilities.
The journey of a butterfly egg reminds us of how life always changes and renews itself. From small
beginnings to beautiful endings, it shows us the amazing way life transforms. Let's take a moment
to appreciate the wonder of a single egg, and see the magic hidden within nature's creations.
Journal Entry #4B - Stages of Development
In this lesson it focuses on the stages of development in human beings and examples of
life cycles in plants and animals. It was fascinating to learn about the different stages that
living organisms go through as they grow and mature.
In human development, there are distinct stages that individuals pass through. These
stages include infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Each stage is
characterized by unique physical, cognitive, and emotional changes. For example, during
infancy, babies experience rapid growth and development, learning how to crawl, walk, and
communicate. In contrast, old age is associated with a decline in physical abilities and an
increased risk of certain health conditions.
In plants and animals, the life cycle varies depending on the species. For example, in
plants, the life cycle typically involves the stages of seed germination, growth, flowering,
pollination, and seed production. Animals, on the other hand, may go through stages such
as egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
It was interesting to note the differences between the life cycles of animals and plants.
While both involve stages of growth and development, the specific stages and processes
differ. Understanding these differences is crucial in fields such as agriculture and ecology,
as it helps us comprehend the life cycles of different organisms and their interactions with
the environment.
Reflecting on this lesson, I realize the diversity and complexity of life cycles in the natural
world. Each stage serves a purpose and contributes to the overall survival and
reproduction of the species. It emphasizes the importance of studying and appreciating
the interconnectedness of all living things and the intricate processes that shape life on
Earth.
Lesson 4C – Reproduction among Flowering Plants (Grade 5)
Self-Learning Activities:
1. Search in the Internet on how to do marcotting and grafting through asexual
propagation. Take photos/pictures on how you can grow your plant.
Asexual propagation is also known as vegetative propagation. This type of propagation is where
seed is not needed, but instead a portion of the vegetation is used for new growth. Asexual
propagation can be done in a variety of ways. These ways include:
Cuttings – Cutting a portion of a leaf, stem, or root off the parent plant then replanting and
therefore the plant begins to grow.
Grafting – Grafting is propagation by combining a scion of one plant and connecting it to the stock
of another.
Layering – Layering is propagation by means of allowing the plants stolons or runners to root
themselves and grow into their own plants.
Division – Division is a less common type of propagation. This type of propagation is separating a
plant through the roots, then replanting the newly separated plants.
Journal Entry #4C - Reproduction in Flowering Plants
In this lesson, we explored the world of reproduction in flowering plants. It is truly remarkable how
these plants have evolved various mechanisms to ensure the continuation of their species. In this
journal entry, I will share my understanding and reflections on sexual and asexual reproduction in
both plants and animals.
Sexual reproduction in plants involves the fusion of male and female gametes, leading to the
formation of a zygote. This process is facilitated by the presence of flowers, which contain
reproductive organs such as stamens and pistils. The stamens produce pollen, which contains the
male gametes, while the pistils contain the female gametes. Pollination is the transfer of pollen
from the stamen to the pistil, either through self-pollination or cross-pollination. Once fertilization
occurs, the zygote develops into a seed, which eventually grows into a new plant. This method of
reproduction promotes genetic diversity, as it involves the combination of genetic material from
two parent plants.
On the other hand, asexual reproduction in plants does not involve the fusion of gametes. Instead,
it allows plants to produce offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant. There are
several methods of asexual reproduction in plants, including vegetative propagation, where new
plants are formed from roots, stems, or leaves. Another method is through the production of
specialized structures called bulbs, tubers, or runners. This type of reproduction is advantageous in
environments where the conditions are favorable and stable, as it allows plants to rapidly colonize
an area.
Moving on to sexual reproduction in animals, it shares similarities with plants in terms of the
fusion of male and female gametes. However, the process differs in animals as it involves the
mating of individuals. Male animals produce sperm, while female animals produce eggs. During
mating, the sperm is transferred to the female reproductive system, where fertilization takes place.
This leads to the development of embryos, which eventually grow into new individuals. Sexual
reproduction in animals promotes genetic diversity, allowing for adaptations to occur and ensuring
the survival of the species.
In contrast, asexual reproduction in animals is less common but still present in certain species. It
involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes. Examples of asexual
reproduction in animals include budding, where new individuals develop as outgrowths of the
parent's body, and fragmentation, where a portion of the parent's body breaks off and develops
into a new individual. Asexual reproduction in animals is advantageous in environments where
mates are scarce or inaccessible.
Overall, the study of reproduction in plants and animals highlights the remarkable diversity of life
on our planet. Understanding the different methods of reproduction allows us to appreciate the
intricacies of nature and the various strategies living organisms have developed to ensure their
survival and continuation. As future educators, it is our responsibility to impart this knowledge to
our students, fostering an appreciation for the natural world and inspiring curiosity about the
wonders of life.
Lesson 4D- Reproduction in Non-Flowering Plants (Grade 6)
Self-Learning Activities
1. Make a multimedia presentation on how parts of the reproductive system of spore-
bearing and cone-bearing plants ensure their survival. You presentation should exceed ten
minutes.
2. Make a dish garden using plants that reproduce asexual means.
Journal Entry #4D: Reproduction in Non-Flowering Plants
This lesson was an engaging exploration into the fascinating world of reproduction in non-
flowering plants. As an educator, it's always exhilarating to delve into topics that unveil the
intricacies of the natural world, and today's focus on spore-bearing and cone-bearing plants was no
exception.
Firstly, let's delve into the reproduction of spore-bearing plants. These ancient organisms, such as
ferns and mosses, reproduce through spores, which are tiny reproductive units. In our lesson, we
learned that spore-bearing plants undergo a unique reproductive cycle known as alternation of
generations. This cycle involves a gametophyte stage, where haploid gametes are produced, and a
sporophyte stage, where spores are generated through meiosis. This alternation between two
distinct phases is a hallmark feature of the life cycle of spore-bearing plants.
During the gametophyte stage, gametes—sperm and egg cells—are produced through mitosis
within specialized structures called gametangia. These gametes fuse during fertilization to form a
zygote, which eventually develops into a new sporophyte. The sporophyte, in turn, produces spores
within sporangia through meiosis, which are dispersed and germinate to grow into new
gametophytes, thus completing the cycle.
Now, turning our attention to cone-bearing plants, also known as gymnosperms, we explored their
unique modes of reproduction. Unlike flowering plants, gymnosperms bear seeds that are not
enclosed within a fruit. Instead, seeds are typically produced within cones, which are specialized
reproductive structures. In our lesson, we learned about the two types of cones: male cones, which
produce pollen, and female cones, which house ovules.
The male cones release pollen grains, which are carried by wind or sometimes by insects to reach
the female cones. Once a pollen grain lands on the receptive surface of a female cone, it
germinates, forming a pollen tube that delivers sperm cells to the ovules. Fertilization occurs when
sperm cells unite with egg cells within the ovules, leading to the formation of seeds.
Reflecting on the distinction between reproduction in spore-bearing and cone-bearing plants, it's
evident that while both utilize specialized structures and processes, they exhibit distinct strategies
tailored to their respective environments and evolutionary histories. Spore-bearing plants rely on
the dispersal of spores for reproduction, while cone-bearing plants have evolved mechanisms for
the transfer of pollen and development of seeds.
As an educator, it's essential to convey not only the factual information but also the significance of
these reproductive strategies in shaping the diversity and resilience of plant life on our planet.
Understanding the intricacies of reproduction in non-flowering plants offers profound insights into
the natural world and fosters a deeper appreciation for its wonders.