SHORT & EASY NOTES (CLASS 10 – IT SKILLS)
UNIT 1 – COMMUNICATION SKILLS
• Communication = Sending + Receiving + Feedback.
• Verbal: spoken words; quick & easy.
• Non-verbal: gestures, expressions, body language (93% of communication).
• Visual: pictures, images.
• Feedback: must be specific, polite, timely.
• Barriers: physical, language, interpersonal, organisational.
UNIT 2 – SELF MANAGEMENT SKILLS
• Self-management = control of thoughts, emotions, behaviour.
• Skills: Responsibility, Time management, Adaptability, Self-awareness.
• Stress = reaction to pressure. Types: Good (eustress), Bad (distress).
• Stress symptoms: no sleep, heart issues, focus problems.
• Stress management: exercise, healthy food, time planning, positivity, sleep.
• Emotional Intelligence: understand + use + manage emotions.
• Goal Setting = SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound).
UNIT 3 – BASIC ICT SKILLS
• ICT = storing, processing, sending digital information.
• Hardware (physical parts), Software (OS + apps).
• Booting uses BIOS → loads OS.
• Keyboard parts: function keys, control keys, navigation keys.
• Mouse actions: click, drag-drop, double-click.
• Files (data), Folders (storage).
• Maintenance: clean devices, avoid spills, avoid overheating, backup data.
• Security: protect passwords, avoid spam, install antivirus.
UNIT 4 – ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS
• Entrepreneur = person who starts a business & takes risks.
• Qualities: confidence, creativity, patience, responsibility.
• Wage employment vs Self-employment.
• Myths: Needs unique idea, needs lots of money, big business only, entrepreneurs are born.
• Entrepreneurship helps: job creation, meeting customer needs, using local resources.
UNIT 5 – GREEN SKILLS
• Sustainable development = use resources without harming future.
• Problems: Lack of food, water pollution, deforestation.
• Solutions: reuse, recycle, conserve, plant trees.
• SDGs: 17 global goals (poverty, clean water, climate action, etc.).
• Initiatives: biodegradable bags, edible cutlery, organic farming.
• Our role: save energy, clean water, use solar power, education, sanitation.
Health, Safety & Security at Workplace
• Safety rules: fire safety, electrical safety, fall prevention.
• First Aid: stay calm, don’t move injured if spinal injury suspected.
• Hazards: physical, chemical, biological, mechanical.
• Emergencies: fire, flood, earthquake → evacuation required.
Database Management System (DBMS)
• DBMS = software to manage data (MySQL, Access).
• Advantages: less redundancy, security, backup, sharing.
• Keys: Primary, Candidate, Alternate, Foreign.
• RDBMS uses tables (rows + columns).
• Data types: numeric, text, date, binary.
Electronic Spreadsheet (Advanced)
• Data Consolidation = combine data from multiple sheets.
• Subtotals = group calculations.
• Scenarios = “what-if” analysis (multiple possible outcomes).
• Goal Seek = find required input for a target result.
• Solver = advanced version of goal seek (multiple variables).
• Linking sheets, hyperlinks, external data.