Introduction to Percentage

Grade 5 Mathematics

Sir Mohid Farhan

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 1 / 21

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Understand the meaning of percent (%) as ”out of 100”

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 2 / 21

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Understand the meaning of percent (%) as ”out of 100”
Convert fluently between fractions, decimals, and percentages

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 2 / 21

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Understand the meaning of percent (%) as ”out of 100”
Convert fluently between fractions, decimals, and percentages
Calculate percentages of whole numbers

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 2 / 21

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Understand the meaning of percent (%) as ”out of 100”
Convert fluently between fractions, decimals, and percentages
Calculate percentages of whole numbers
Solve word problems involving percentages

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 2 / 21

Learning Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Understand the meaning of percent (%) as ”out of 100”
Convert fluently between fractions, decimals, and percentages
Calculate percentages of whole numbers
Solve word problems involving percentages
Apply mental math shortcuts for common percentages

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 2 / 21

Understanding Percent: The Big Idea

What does ”Percent” really mean?

Per = ”out of” or ”for each”

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 3 / 21

Understanding Percent: The Big Idea

What does ”Percent” really mean?

Per = ”out of” or ”for each”
Cent = ”hundred” (like century = 100 years)

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 3 / 21

Understanding Percent: The Big Idea

What does ”Percent” really mean?

Per = ”out of” or ”for each”
Cent = ”hundred” (like century = 100 years)
So, Percent = ”out of 100” or ”per hundred”

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 3 / 21

Percent ↔ Fraction ↔ Decimal: The Conversion Triangle

Percent
÷100 ÷100
Fraction Decimal
× or ÷

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 4 / 21

Percent ↔ Fraction ↔ Decimal: The Conversion Triangle

Percent
÷100 ÷100
Fraction Decimal
× or ÷

Percent → Fraction Percent → Decimal Decimal → Percent

40 2 40% = 40 ÷ 100 = 0.40
40% = = 0.40 × 100 = 40%
100 5

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 4 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25
25% = 100 = 100÷25

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25 1
25% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25 1
25% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25 1
25% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4
75 75÷25 3
75% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25 1
25% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4
75 75÷25 3
75% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25 1
25% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4
75 75÷25 3
75% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Percent to Fraction: Step-by-Step

Method 1: Write with denominator 100, then simplify

1 Write the percent as fraction with 100 as denominator
2 Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by their GCF

Examples
25 25÷25 1
25% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4
75 75÷25 3
75% = 100 = 100÷25 = 4
60 60÷20 3
60% = 100 = 100÷20 = 5

Remember!
Always simplify fractions to their lowest terms!

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 5 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100 = 50%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100 = 50%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100 = 50%
3 3×25 75
4 = 4×25 = 100 = 75%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100 = 50%
3 3×25 75
4 = 4×25 = 100 = 75%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100 = 50%
3 3×25 75
4 = 4×25 = 100 = 75%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Fraction to Percent: Step-by-Step

Method: Make denominator 100, then add % sign

1 If denominator can be made 100, multiply numerator and denominator appropriately
2 If not, convert to decimal first, then to percent

Examples with denominator factor of 100

1 1×50 50
2 = 2×50 = 100 = 50%
3 3×25 75
4 = 4×25 = 100 = 75%
7 7×10 70
10 = 10×10 = 100 = 70%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 6 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z}
move 2 places

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z} = 25%
move 2 places

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z} = 25%
move 2 places
0.6 = 0.60 → 60%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z} = 25%
move 2 places
0.6 = 0.60 → 60%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z} = 25%
move 2 places
0.6 = 0.60 → 60%
0.375 → 37.5%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z} = 25%
move 2 places
0.6 = 0.60 → 60%
0.375 → 37.5%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 7 / 21

Decimal ↔ Percent: The Simple Trick

Decimal to Percent
Move decimal point 2 places RIGHT and add % sign

Examples
0.25 → 0. 25
|{z} = 25%
move 2 places
0.6 = 0.60 → 60%
0.375 → 37.5%
1.25 → 125% (Yes, percentages can be over 100%!)

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Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

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Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples
45% = 45.% → 0.45

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples
45% = 45.% → 0.45

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples
45% = 45.% → 0.45
8% = 08.% → 0.08

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples
45% = 45.% → 0.45
8% = 08.% → 0.08

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Percent ↔ Decimal: The Simple Trick

Percent to Decimal
Move decimal point 2 places LEFT and remove % sign

Examples
45% = 45.% → 0.45
8% = 08.% → 0.08
150% → 1.50 = 1.5

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 8 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75
10%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75
10 1
10% 100 = 10

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75
10 1
10% 100 = 10 0.10

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75
10 1
10% 100 = 10 0.10
100%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75
10 1
10% 100 = 10 0.10
100
100% 100 = 1

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Quick Practice: Conversion Challenge!

Convert each in 3 ways:

Percent Fraction Decimal

20 1
20% 100 = 5 0.20
50 1
50% 100 = 2 0.50
75 3
75% 100 = 4 0.75
10 1
10% 100 = 10 0.10
100
100% 100 = 1 1.00

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 9 / 21

Finding Percentage of a Number: The Formula

The General Formula

Percent
Percentage of a number = × Whole Number
100

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Finding Percentage of a Number: The Formula

The General Formula

Percent
Percentage of a number = × Whole Number
100
Step-by-Step Method:
1 Convert percent to fraction or decimal

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 10 / 21

Finding Percentage of a Number: The Formula

The General Formula

Percent
Percentage of a number = × Whole Number
100
Step-by-Step Method:
1 Convert percent to fraction or decimal
2 Multiply by the whole number

Example 1: 30% of 80
30
30% of 80 = × 80
100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 10 / 21

Finding Percentage of a Number: The Formula

The General Formula

Percent
Percentage of a number = × Whole Number
100
Step-by-Step Method:
1 Convert percent to fraction or decimal
2 Multiply by the whole number
3 Simplify if needed

Example 1: 30% of 80
30 30 × 80
30% of 80 = × 80 =
100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 10 / 21

Finding Percentage of a Number: The Formula

The General Formula

Percent
Percentage of a number = × Whole Number
100
Step-by-Step Method:
1 Convert percent to fraction or decimal
2 Multiply by the whole number
3 Simplify if needed

Example 1: 30% of 80
30 30 × 80 2400
30% of 80 = × 80 = =
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 10 / 21

Finding Percentage of a Number: The Formula

The General Formula

Percent
Percentage of a number = × Whole Number
100
Step-by-Step Method:
1 Convert percent to fraction or decimal
2 Multiply by the whole number
3 Simplify if needed

Example 1: 30% of 80
30 30 × 80 2400
30% of 80 = × 80 = = = 24
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 10 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25
25% of 200 = × 200
100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200
25% of 200 = × 200 =
100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = =
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15
15% of 60 = × 60
100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60
15% of 60 = × 60 =
100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60 900
15% of 60 = × 60 = =
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60 900
15% of 60 = × 60 = = =9
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60 900
15% of 60 = × 60 = = =9
100 100 100

Example 4: 5% of 300
5
5% of 300 = × 300
100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60 900
15% of 60 = × 60 = = =9
100 100 100

Example 4: 5% of 300
5 5 × 300
5% of 300 = × 300 =
100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60 900
15% of 60 = × 60 = = =9
100 100 100

Example 4: 5% of 300
5 5 × 300 1500
5% of 300 = × 300 = =
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

More Examples: Finding Percentages

Example 2: 25% of 200

25 25 × 200 5000
25% of 200 = × 200 = = = 50
100 100 100

Example 3: 15% of 60
15 15 × 60 900
15% of 60 = × 60 = = =9
100 100 100

Example 4: 5% of 300
5 5 × 300 1500
5% of 300 = × 300 = = = 15
100 100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 11 / 21

Mental Math Shortcuts: Be a Math Wizard!

50% = Half

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 12 / 21

Mental Math Shortcuts: Be a Math Wizard!

50% = Half 25% = Quarter (Half of Half)

50% of 80 = Half of 80 = 40
50% of 120 = Half of 120 = 60
50% of 46 = Half of 46 = 23

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 12 / 21

Mental Math Shortcuts: Be a Math Wizard!

50% = Half 25% = Quarter (Half of Half)

50% of 80 = Half of 80 = 40 25% of 80 = Quarter of 80 = 20
50% of 120 = Half of 120 = 60 25% of 100 = Quarter of 100 = 25
50% of 46 = Half of 46 = 23 25% of 48 = Quarter of 48 = 12

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 12 / 21

Mental Math Shortcuts: Be a Math Wizard!

50% = Half 25% = Quarter (Half of Half)

50% of 80 = Half of 80 = 40 25% of 80 = Quarter of 80 = 20
50% of 120 = Half of 120 = 60 25% of 100 = Quarter of 100 = 25
50% of 46 = Half of 46 = 23 25% of 48 = Quarter of 48 = 12

10% = Divide by 10

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 12 / 21

Mental Math Shortcuts: Be a Math Wizard!

50% = Half 25% = Quarter (Half of Half)

50% of 80 = Half of 80 = 40 25% of 80 = Quarter of 80 = 20
50% of 120 = Half of 120 = 60 25% of 100 = Quarter of 100 = 25
50% of 46 = Half of 46 = 23 25% of 48 = Quarter of 48 = 12

10% = Divide by 10 1% = Divide by 100

10% of 70 = 70 ÷ 10 = 7
10% of 250 = 250 ÷ 10 = 25
10% of 45 = 45 ÷ 10 = 4.5

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 12 / 21

Mental Math Shortcuts: Be a Math Wizard!

50% = Half 25% = Quarter (Half of Half)

50% of 80 = Half of 80 = 40 25% of 80 = Quarter of 80 = 20
50% of 120 = Half of 120 = 60 25% of 100 = Quarter of 100 = 25
50% of 46 = Half of 46 = 23 25% of 48 = Quarter of 48 = 12

10% = Divide by 10 1% = Divide by 100

10% of 70 = 70 ÷ 10 = 7 1% of 500 = 500 ÷ 100 = 5
10% of 250 = 250 ÷ 10 = 25 1% of 80 = 80 ÷ 100 = 0.8
10% of 45 = 45 ÷ 10 = 4.5 1% of 235 = 235 ÷ 100 = 2.35

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 12 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10%

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)

Practice with shortcuts

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

30% of 90 = 10% = 9, so 30% = 9 × 3 = 27

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

30% of 90 = 10% = 9, so 30% = 9 × 3 = 27

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

30% of 90 = 10% = 9, so 30% = 9 × 3 = 27
40% of 70 = 10% = 7, so 40% = 7 × 4 = 28

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

30% of 90 = 10% = 9, so 30% = 9 × 3 = 27
40% of 70 = 10% = 7, so 40% = 7 × 4 = 28

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Using Shortcuts for Other Percentages

Combine shortcuts for other percentages

20% = Double 10% (10% of 50 = 5, so 20% = 10)
75% = 50% + 25% (50% of 40 = 20, 25% = 10, so 75% = 30)
5% = Half of 10% (10% of 60 = 6, so 5% = 3)
15% = 10% + 5% (10% of 80 = 8, 5% = 4, so 15% = 12)

Practice with shortcuts

30% of 90 = 10% = 9, so 30% = 9 × 3 = 27
40% of 70 = 10% = 7, so 40% = 7 × 4 = 28
60% of 50 = 50% = 25, 10% = 5, so 60% = 25 + 5 = 30

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 13 / 21

Word Problems: Real-Life Applications

Problem 1: Test Score

Sarah scored 45 out of 50 on her math test. What percentage did she get?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 14 / 21

Word Problems: Real-Life Applications

Problem 1: Test Score

Sarah scored 45 out of 50 on her math test. What percentage did she get?
Solution:
45 45 × 2 90
= = = 90%
50 50 × 2 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 14 / 21

Word Problems: Real-Life Applications

Problem 1: Test Score

Sarah scored 45 out of 50 on her math test. What percentage did she get?
Solution:
45 45 × 2 90
= = = 90%
50 50 × 2 100

Problem 2: Sale Discount

A toy costs $80. It’s on sale for 25% off. How much do you save?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 14 / 21

Word Problems: Real-Life Applications

Problem 1: Test Score

Sarah scored 45 out of 50 on her math test. What percentage did she get?
Solution:
45 45 × 2 90
= = = 90%
50 50 × 2 100

Problem 2: Sale Discount

A toy costs $80. It’s on sale for 25% off. How much do you save?
Solution:
25 2000
25% of 80 = × 80 = = $20 saved
100 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 14 / 21

More Word Problems

Problem 3: Class Attendance

There are 30 students in class. If 70% are present today, how many students are absent?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 15 / 21

More Word Problems

Problem 3: Class Attendance

There are 30 students in class. If 70% are present today, how many students are absent?
Solution:
70
1 Present students: 70% of 30 = 100 × 30 = 21

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 15 / 21

More Word Problems

Problem 3: Class Attendance

There are 30 students in class. If 70% are present today, how many students are absent?
Solution:
70
1 Present students: 70% of 30 = 100 × 30 = 21
2 Total students: 30

Problem 4: Pizza Party

A pizza has 8 slices. If you eat 3 slices, what percentage of the pizza did you eat?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 15 / 21

More Word Problems

Problem 3: Class Attendance

There are 30 students in class. If 70% are present today, how many students are absent?
Solution:
70
1 Present students: 70% of 30 = 100 × 30 = 21
2 Total students: 30
3 Absent students: 30 - 21 = 9

Problem 4: Pizza Party

A pizza has 8 slices. If you eat 3 slices, what percentage of the pizza did you eat?
Solution:
3 3 × 12.5 37.5
= = = 37.5%
8 8 × 12.5 100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 15 / 21

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake 1: Forgetting to divide by 100

WRONG: 25% of 80 = 25 × 80 = 2000
25
RIGHT: 25% of 80 = 100 × 80 = 20

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 16 / 21

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake 1: Forgetting to divide by 100

WRONG: 25% of 80 = 25 × 80 = 2000
25
RIGHT: 25% of 80 = 100 × 80 = 20

Mistake 2: Confusing ”of” with multiplication

25% of 80 means multiply, not add!

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 16 / 21

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake 1: Forgetting to divide by 100

WRONG: 25% of 80 = 25 × 80 = 2000
25
RIGHT: 25% of 80 = 100 × 80 = 20

Mistake 2: Confusing ”of” with multiplication

25% of 80 means multiply, not add!

Mistake 3: Decimal point placement

Moving decimal point wrong direction: 25% = 0.25 NOT 25.0

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 16 / 21

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Mistake 1: Forgetting to divide by 100

WRONG: 25% of 80 = 25 × 80 = 2000
25
RIGHT: 25% of 80 = 100 × 80 = 20

Mistake 2: Confusing ”of” with multiplication

25% of 80 means multiply, not add!

Mistake 3: Decimal point placement

Moving decimal point wrong direction: 25% = 0.25 NOT 25.0

Mistake 4: Not simplifying fractions

50 1
= (Always simplify!)
100 2
Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 16 / 21
Let’s Practice Together!
1 Convert 35% to a fraction and decimal

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 17 / 21

Let’s Practice Together!
1 Convert 35% to a fraction and decimal
35 7
35% = = = 0.35
100 20
2 Find 40% of 90

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 17 / 21

Let’s Practice Together!
1 Convert 35% to a fraction and decimal
35 7
35% = = = 0.35
100 20
2 Find 40% of 90
40 3600
40% of 90 = × 90 = = 36
100 100
3 What percent is 15 out of 50?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 17 / 21

Let’s Practice Together!
1 Convert 35% to a fraction and decimal
35 7
35% = = = 0.35
100 20
2 Find 40% of 90
40 3600
40% of 90 = × 90 = = 36
100 100
3 What percent is 15 out of 50?
15 30
= = 30%
50 100
4 A shirt costs $40 with 20% discount. What’s the sale price?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 17 / 21

Let’s Practice Together!
1 Convert 35% to a fraction and decimal
35 7
35% = = = 0.35
100 20
2 Find 40% of 90
40 3600
40% of 90 = × 90 = = 36
100 100
3 What percent is 15 out of 50?
15 30
= = 30%
50 100
4 A shirt costs $40 with 20% discount. What’s the sale price?

20% of 40 = 8
Sale price = 40 − 8 = $32

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 17 / 21

Summary: Key Points to Remember

Conversions Mental Shortcuts

Percent → Fraction: /100 50% = Half
Percent → Decimal: ÷100 25% = Quarter
Fraction → Percent: ×100 10% = ÷10
Decimal → Percent: ×100 1% = ÷100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 18 / 21

Summary: Key Points to Remember

Conversions Mental Shortcuts

Percent → Fraction: /100 50% = Half
Percent → Decimal: ÷100 25% = Quarter
Fraction → Percent: ×100 10% = ÷10
Decimal → Percent: ×100 1% = ÷100

Formula for Finding Percentage

Percent
Answer = × Whole
100

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 18 / 21

Summary: Key Points to Remember

Conversions Mental Shortcuts

Percent → Fraction: /100 50% = Half
Percent → Decimal: ÷100 25% = Quarter
Fraction → Percent: ×100 10% = ÷10
Decimal → Percent: ×100 1% = ÷100

Formula for Finding Percentage

Percent
Answer = × Whole
100

Real-Life Applications
Test scores
Discounts
Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 18 / 21
Final Check: Quick Quiz

?
1 60% = 100 =? (decimal)

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 19 / 21

Final Check: Quick Quiz

?
1 60% = 100 =? (decimal)
2 30% of 70 = ?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 19 / 21

Final Check: Quick Quiz

?
1 60% = 100 =? (decimal)
2 30% of 70 = ?
4
3
5 as a percent = ?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 19 / 21

Final Check: Quick Quiz

?
1 60% = 100 =? (decimal)
2 30% of 70 = ?
4
3
5 as a percent = ?
4 If 18 out of 24 students like pizza, what percentage is that?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 19 / 21

Final Check: Quick Quiz

?
1 60% = 100 =? (decimal)
2 30% of 70 = ?
4
3
5 as a percent = ?
4 If 18 out of 24 students like pizza, what percentage is that?
5 A $50 item with 40% off costs $?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 19 / 21

Homework Preview

For Practice
1 Complete the conversion table
2 Solve 10 percentage problems
3 Create 2 real-life word problems

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 20 / 21

Homework Preview

For Practice
1 Complete the conversion table
2 Solve 10 percentage problems
3 Create 2 real-life word problems

Extension Challenge
What is 12.5% of 80? (Hint: 12.5% = 81 )
Find 33 13 % of 90 (Hint: 33 13 % = 31 )

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 20 / 21

 Thank You! Questions?

Sir Mohid Farhan Introduction to Percentage 21 / 21