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1. An indicator diagram taken from a large diesel engine 5. A well-insulated, thin-walled, counter-flow heat
has an area of 400mm2 and length 50 mm. The exchanger is to be used to cool oil (Cp= 2.20
indicator spring is such that the scale of the pressure kJ/kg•C°) from 150 to 40°C at a rate of 2 kg/s by
axis is 1mm = 1 bar. If the cylinder diameter and water (Cp= 4.18 kJ/kg•C°) that enters at 22°C at a rate
stroke are both 250 mm and the engine is 4-stroke of 1.5 kg/s. The diameter of the tube is 2.5 cm, and its
running at 6 rev/s, find the indicated power if the length is 6 m. Determine the outlet temperature of the
engine has six cylinders. water.

a. 176.7 kW a. 105.4 °C
b. 150.5 kW b. 99. 2 °C
c. 180.5 kW c. 88.2 °C
d. 175.2 kW d. 85.4 °C

2. A turbine is to operate at 400 rpm under a net heat of 6. A diesel cycle, with a compression ratio of 18,
1320 ft. If a single 6-in-diameter water jet us used, operates on air with a low pressure of 200 kPa and a
find the specific speed of this machine assuming low temperature 200°C. If the high temperature is
Cv = 0.98, φ = 0.45, and ŋ = 0.85. limited to 2000 K, determine the thermal efficiency.
Assume constant specific heats.
a. NS = 4.25
b. Ns = 5.35 a. 53.4 %
c. Ns = 3.45 b. 43.6 %
d. Ns = 3.65 c. 66.7 %
d. 72.4 %

3. A pump delivers 2000 L/min of water at 20°C against

a pressure rise of 270 kPa. Kinetic- and potential- 7. A 4-stroke Diesel power plant engine can be designed
energy changes are negligible. If the driving motor as duel fuel system which can run on gas, diesel or
supplies 10 kW, what is the overall efficiency? heavy fuel oil (HFO), giving greater fuel flexibility.
In this kind of design, the best option for fuel is
a. 85.3 % ________.
b. 90.0 %
c. 83.25 % a. gas fuel (99%), pilot liquid fuel (1%) and liquid
d. 95.50 % fuel for backup use
b. gas fuel (1%), pilot liquid fuel (99%) and liquid
fuel for backup use
4. A 6-cylinder 4-stroke internal combustion engine is c. gas fuel (50%), pilot liquid fuel (50%)
run on test and the following data was noted: d. gas fuel (10%), pilot liquid fuel (90%)

Compression ratio = 8.2:1

Fuel consumption = 26 kg/hr 8. In a vapor compression refrigeration system, the
Speed = 3700 rpm sequential order of the main components is ________.
Brake torque = 0.204 kN-m
Bore = 90mm a. compressor, throttle valve, condenser, evaporator
Stroke = 110mm b. compressor, evaporator, throttle valve, condenser
Calorific value of fuel = 42 MJ/kg c. compressor, throttle valve, evaporator, condenser
Indicated mean effective pressure = 7.82 bar d. compressor, condenser, throttle valve, evaporator

Calculate the brake specific fuel consumption.

9. What four processes make up the simple ideal
a. 0.329 kg/kWh Brayton cycle in sequence?
b. 0.421 kg/kWh
c. 0.521 kg/kWh a. (1) isentropic compression (in a compressor),
d. 0.283 kg/kWh (2) P = constant heat addition, (3) isentropic
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expansion (in a turbine), and (4) P = constant d. 0.032 m2

heat rejection
b. (1) isentropic expansion (in a turbine), (2) P =
constant heat addition, (3) isentropic expansion 13. Air enters the compressor of a simple gas
(in a turbine), and (4) P = constant heat rejection refrigeration cycle at -10°C and 100 kPa. For a
c. (1) isentropic expansion (in a turbine), (2) T= compression ratio of 10 and a turbine inlet
constant heat addition, (3) isentropic expansion temperature of 30°C, determine the work or
(in a turbine), and (4) T= constant heat rejection compressor and turbine for air mass flow of 1kg/s.
d. (1) isentropic expansion (in a turbine), (2) S=
constant heat addition, (3) isentropic expansion a. Wcomp = 525 kW; Wturbine = 225 kW
(in a turbine), and (4) T= constant heat rejection b. Wcomp = 245 kW; Wturbine = 225 kW
c. Wcomp = 245 kW; Wturbine = 146 kW
d. Wcomp = 425 kW; Wturbine = 235 kW
10. A refrigerator uses refrigerant-134a as the working
fluid and operates on an ideal vapor-compression
refrigeration cycle between 0.12 and 0.7 MPa. The 14. A simple ideal Brayton cycle with air as the working
mass flow rate of the refrigeration is 0.05 kg/s. fluid has a pressure ratio of 10. The air enters the
Determine the rate of heat rejection to the compressor at 520 R. accounting for the variation of
environment. The following values are given: specific heats with temperature, determine the
thermal efficiency.
@ P1 = 120 kPa (sat. vapor); h1 = hg@120kPa =
236.97 kJ/kg; S1 = Sg = 0.94779 kJ/kg-K a. 37.8 %
@ P2 = 0.7 MPa (sat. liquid) and T2 = 34.95°C b. 60.4 %
@ P3 = 0.7 MPa (sat. liquid) = h3 = hf c. 39.3 %
@ 0.7 MPa = 88.82 kJ/kg; h3 = h4 = 88.82 kJ/kg d. 48.40 %
(throttling)

a. 7.41 kW 15. An 8 m3 tank contains saturated air at 30°C

b. 1.83 kW (Psat = 4.25 kPa), 105 kPa. Determine the enthalpy of
c. 9.23 kW the air per unit mass of the dry air.
d. 4.06 kW
a. 97.1 kJ/kgdry air
b. 83.2 kJ/kgdry air
11. Gas enters a turbine with a velocity of 180 m/s at a c. 91.2 kJ/kgdry air
rate of 4500 kg/h and is discharged with a velocity of d. 78.5 kJ/kgdry air
15 m/s. If the turbine loses 20 kJ to the surroundings
for every kg of gas flow, calculate the power
developed if the enthalpy drop is 420 kJ/kg. 16. In a simple gas turbine plant working on the ideal
constant pressure cycle, air is taken into compressor
a. 425 kW at 1 bar, 21°C and delivers at 610 kPa. If the
b. 480 kW temperature at turbine inlet is 900°C. Calculate the
c. 523 kW ideal thermal efficiency?
d. 422 kW
a. 40.33 %
b. 46.4 %
12. In gas turbine, air enters a nozzle at 400°C with c. 35.5 %
negligible velocity at a rate of 1.2 kg/s. At the exit d. 39.40 %
from the nozzle, the temperature is 110°C. Find the
nozzle exit area if the specific volume of the air at the
exit is 1.3m3/kg. 17. A tank contains 21 kg of dry air and 0.3 kg of water
vapor at 30°C and 100 kPa total pressure. Determine
a. 0.009 m2 the relative humidity. Note: At 30°C, Psat = 4.247
b. 0.008 m2 kPa
c. 0.002 m2
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a. 52.9 % 22. On the basis of a cold air-standard analysis, what is

b. 65.3 % the expression of back work ratio (BWR) of an ideal
c. 34.5 % air-standard Brayton cycle in terms of absolute
d. 49.30 % temperatures at the compressor inlet and the turbine
outlet?

18. In a steam power plant, the following states are a. T4/(T1/T4)

recorded: b. T1/(T1/T4)
c. T1/T4
Mass flow rate, m' = 6 kg/s d. T4/T1
Steam inlet to turbine: T = 500°C; h1 = 2500 kJ/kg
Steam inlet from turbine: T = 200°C; dryness factor,
x = 0.8 23. Air enters the compressor of a gas turbine at 100 kPa
Note: hf2 = 561 kJ/kg; hfg2 = 1832 kJ/kg and 25°C. For a pressure ratio of 5 and a maximum
temperature of 850°C, determine the thermal
Determine the theoretical power output in the turbine. efficiency for this Brayton cycle. Assume constant
specific heat.
a. 2840 kW
b. 3550 kW a. 36.9 %
c. 2110 kW b. 42 %
d. 1178 kW c. 38 %
d. 45 %

19. Temperature measuring instruments are standardized

mostly with ________ points of pure substances. 24. The temperature of the gas entering a turbine is
750°C. If the gas leaves the turbine at a temperature
a. melting of 500°C, and the mass flow rate of the gas is 3.5 kg/s,
b. boiling calculate the power developed by the turbine. Use
c. both (a) & (b) Cp = 0.98 kJ/kg-K.
d. neither (a) nor (b)
a. 525.4 kJ/s
b. 857.5 kJ/s
20. A site evaluated for a wind farm is observed to have c. 223.34 kJ/s
steady winds at a speed of 8.5 m/s. Determine the d. 556.4 kJ/s
wind power for a flow rate of 1154 kg/s for air.

a. 41.7 kW 25. The compression ratio in case of diesel engines is

b. 34.5 kW ________.
c. 30.4 kW
d. 12.6 kW a. 5 to 7
b. 7 to 10
c. 14 to 22
21. A generating station has a maximum demand of 25 d. 5 to 36
MW, a load factor of 60%, a plant capacity factor of
50% and a plant use factor of 72%. Determine the
reserve capacity of the plant. 26. A 6-cylinder 4-stroke internal combustion engine is
run on test and the following data was noted:
a. 3 MW
b. 5 MW Compression ratio = 8.2:1
c. 7 MW Fuel consumption = 26 kg/h
d. 9 MW Speed = 3700 rpm
Brake torque = 0.204 kN-m
Bore = 90mm
Stroke = 110mm
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Calorific value of fuel = 42 MJ/kg of the generated power is used to run the auxiliaries,
Indicated mean effective pressure = 7.82 bar. the overall plant efficiency is ________.

Calculate the mechanical efficiency a. 34 %

b. 39 %
a. 78.1 % c. 45 %
b. 62.3 % d. 30 %
c. 51.3 %
d. 83.5 %
31. It is proposed to build a dam in a river where the flow
rate is 10 m3/s and a 32-m drop in elevation can be
27. Atmospheric air enters the compressor of gas turbine achieved for flow through a turbine. If the turbine is
train at 98 kPa and 30°C with volume flow rate of 7m 82 percent efficiency, what is the maximum power
Is. The compressor pressure ratio is 12 and its that can be achieved?
isentropic efficiency is 83%. At the inlet of the turbine
blades, the pressure is 1100 kPa and temperature of a. 2383 kW
1500 K. The turbine has an isentropic efficiency of b. 2570 kW
93% and the exit pressure is 105 kPa. Determine the c. 2312 kW
thermal efficiency considering air standard analysis. d. 2350 kW

a. 27.97 %
b. 42.13 % 32. An Otto cycle is proposed to have a compression ratio
c. 38.45 % of 10 while operating with a low air temperature of
d. 34.56 % 227°C and a low pressure of 200 kPa. If the work
output is to be 1000 kJ/kg, Calculate the MEP.
Assume constant specific heats.
28. An average person produces 0.25 kg of moisture
while taking a shower and 0.05 kg while bathing in a a. 1549 kPa
tube. Consider a family of four who each shower once b. 1835 kPa
a day in a bathroom that is not ventilated. Taking the c. 1978 kPa
heat of vaporization of water to be 2450 kJ/kg, d. 1123 kPa
determine the contribution of showers to the latent
heat load of the air conditioner per day in summer.
33. When a man returns to his well-sealed house on a
a. 3255 kJ/day summer day, he finds that the house is at 32°C. He
b. 1288 kJ/day turns on the air conditioner, which cools the entire
c. 2450 kJ/day house to 20°C in 15 min. If the COP of the air-
d. 3354 kJ/day conditioning system is 2.5, determine the power of
drawn by the air conditioner. Assume the entire mass
within the house is equivalent to 800 kg of air for
29. The atmospheric conditions are 20°C and specific which Cv=0.72kJ/kg-K and Cp=1.0 kJ/kg-K.
humidity of 0.0095 kg/ kg of dry air. Calculate the
partial pressure. a. 2.41 kW
b. 3.07 kW
a. 0.01224 bar c. 1.51 kW
b. 0.01524 bar d. 7.68 kW
c. 0.01621 bar
d. 0.01723 bar
34. Light lubricating oil (Cp=2090 J/kg -K) is cooled by
allowing it to exchange energy with water in a small
30. A steam plant has the boiler efficiency of 92%, heat exchanger. The oil enters and leaves the heat
turbine efficiency (mechanical) of 94%, generator exchanger at 375 and 350 K, respectively, and flows
efficiency of 95% and cycle efficiency of 44%. If 6% at a rate of 0.5 kg/s. Water at 280 K is available in
sufficient quantity to al - low 0.201 kg/s to be used for
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cooling purposes. Determine the required heat- b. 78 kW

transfer area for counter-flow and parallel-flow c. 72 kW
operations. The overall heat-transfer coefficient may d. 45 kW
be taken as 250 W/m2-K.

a. Area for counter flow =1.562 m2 39. A type of refrigerant control typically used in
Area for parallel flow = 1.66 m2 household refrigeration.
b. Area for counter flow = 1.562 m2
Area for parallel flow = 1.88 m2 a. Thermostatic expansion valve
c. Area for counter flow = 1.88 m2 b. Automatic expansion valve
Area for parallel flow = 1.66 m2 c. Capillary tube
d. Area for counter flow = 1.66 m2 d. High side float
Area for parallel flow = 1.88 m2

40. This is graphically displays several physical

35. A 305 mm x 457 mm four stroke single acting diesel properties of air over a broad range of conditions.
engine is rated at 150 kW at 260 rpm. Fuel
consumption at rated load is 0.26 kg/kW-hr with a a. Ph diagram
heating value of 43 192 kJ/kg. Calculate the brake b. Psychrometric Chart
thermal efficiency. c. ASHRAE diagram
d. Mollier Chart
a. 31.63 %
b. 41.63 %
c. 21.63 % 41. Find the least power of a perfect reversed heat engine
d. 35.63 % that makes 400 kg of ice per hour at -8°C from the
feed water at 18°C. Assume specific heat of ice as
2.09 kJ/kg-K and latent heat of 334 kJ/kg.
36. How many poles should a 50-Hz generator have, if it
is connected to a turbine operating under a design a. 4.65 kW
head of 3000 ft with a flow of 82 cfs? Use NS = 3 and b. 5.64 kW
turbine efficiency of 82%. c. 6.64 kW
d. 7.64 kW
a. 14 poles
b. 8 poles
c. 4 poles 42. Calculate the diameter of an impulse turbine which
d. 2 poles delivers 25 000 bhp at 500 rpm under a net head of
5340 ft. Take φ = 0.47.

37. Nuclear power is generated using which of the a. 10.5 ft

following fuel? b. 9.8 ft
c. 12.3 ft
a. Uranium d. 11.3 ft
b. Hydrogen
c. Carbon
d. none of the above 43. Determine the power output from a steam turbine if it
receives steam at 40 bar, 350°C (h1 = 3094 kJ/kg) and
the steam leaving the turbine is at 15 bar, 200°C (h2 =
38. A water-jacketed air compressor handles 0.343 m3/s 2796 kJ/kg). The steam mass flow rate is 0.5 kg/s.
of air entering at 96.5 kPa and 21°C and leaving at
480 kPa and 132°C; 10.9 kg/hr of cooling water enters a. 149 kW
the jacket at 15°C and leaves at 21°C. Determine the b. 165 kW
compressor brake power. c. 124 kW
d. 127 kW
a. 63 kW
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44. Air enters the compressor of a gas turbine at 100 kPa a. Distributors
and 25°C. For a pressure ratio of 5 and a maximum b. Header
temperature of 850°C, determine the back-work ratio c. Coil
(BWR) for this Brayton cycle. Assume constant d. Expansion valve
specific heat.

a. BWR = 45 % 50. The wet bulb temperature during sensible heating of

b. BWR = 36.9% air ________.
c. BWR = 42 %
d. BWR = 38 % a. remains constant
b. increases
c. decreases
45. The ideal gas turbine for power generation follows d. All of the above
________.

a. Brayton cycle 51. Determine the mass of water vapor contained in a

b. Carnot cycle 240-m3 room at 98 kPa, 23°C (Psat = 2.811 kPa), and
c. Rankine cycle 50 percent relative humidity.
d. Ericson cycle
a. 4.32 kg
b. 2.47 kg
46. Is a parameter used to define the difference between c. 3.34 kg
the fans, blowers and compressor. d. 2.12 kg

a. volume flow rate

b. specific ratio 52. Given outdoor air conditions of 90°F DB, 80°F WB;
c. capacity indoor design conditions of 78°F DB, 65°F WB; total
d. All of the above airflow of 40,000 cfm; and outdoor airflow of 6,000
cfm. Find the dry- bulb temperature of the mixture.

47. In a refrigeration system, the oil separator is installed a. 79.8 °F

in between ________. b. 67.7 °F
c. 83.5 °F
a. compressor and expansion valve d. 85.3 °F
b. compressor and condenser
c. condenser and evaporator
d. liquid line 53. A house contains air at 25°C (Psat=3.1698 kPa) and
65 percent relative humidity. Will any moisture
condense on the inner surfaces of the windows when
48. A 4-stroke diesel engine has length of 20 cm and the temperature of the window drops to 10°C? Note:
diameter of 16 cm. The engine is producing indicated Tsat @ 2.06 kPa = 18°C.
power of 25 KW when it is running at 2500 RPM.
Find the mean effective pressure of the engine. a. Yes
b. No
a. 223.34 kPa c. Condensation will not happen since the Tsat is
b. 298.42 kPa higher than 10°C
c. 324.32 kPa d. None of the above
d. 423.45 kPa

54. Volumetric expansion is the working principle of the

49. What is the name of the device used to ensure uniform ________ thermometers.
refrigerant distribution through the multiple-coil
circuits of a finned-tube evaporator? a. mercury in glass
b. constant volume gas
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c. vapor pressure 60. A generating station has a connected load of 43 MW

d. bimetallic and a maximum demand of 20 MW; the units
generated being 61.5 x 106 kW-hr per annum.
Calculate the load factor.
55. Solar constant is _________.
a. 46.5 %
a. 140 W/m2 b. 65.4 %
b. 1.4 W/m2 c. 35.1 %
c. 1.4 kW/m2 d. 45.6 %
d. 1.4 MW/m2

56. A wind turbine with a 12-m-diameter rotor is to be

installed at a location where the wind is blowing
steadily at an average velocity of 10 m/s. Determine
the maximum power that can be generated by the
wind turbine.

a. 66.8 kW
b. 56.3 kW
c. 34.4 kW
d. 87.3 kW

57. A frame 3 gas turbine plant has an installed capacity

of 20 MW produces annual output of
7.35 x 106 kWh and remains in operation for 2190
hours in a year. Determine the plant use factor.

a. 16.7 %
b. 20.2 %
c. 34.3 %
d. 35.1 %

58. A 100 MW power station delivers 100 MW for 2

hours, 50 MW for 6 hours and is shut down for the
rest of each day. It is also shut down for maintenance
for 45 days each year. Calculate the annual load
factor.

a. 20.8 %
b. 18.2 %
c. 19.1 %
d. 23.5 %

59. In hydro-steam combined system, steam station

carries the base load during ________.

a. high flow day

b. low flow day
c. peak flow day
d. average flow day