DEPARTMENT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT CENTRE

UNIT 2
PLAYING WITH NUMBERS, LETTERS, SYMBOLS AND WORDS

Cracking the Series - Art of Finding Similarities - Classification Challenge - The Secret
Code Journey - Figure Series Puzzle - The Geometry of Analogies

2.1. CRACKING THE SERIES

2.1.1. PATTERNS IN NUMBERS

Odd Words and Numerals:

Series:
The terms or elements follow a definite law in series but it cannot be generalized. You should know, what is
the definite relationship between numbers which make the set of given terms in series. Addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division, transposition of terms and series generally form such series. The different questions
asked may depend upon the following:
1) Odd number/Even number/Prime numbers:
The series may consist of odd numbers /even numbers or prime numbers except one number, which will be
the odd man out. Hence, before solving numerical on this topic must revise all basic concepts.
2) Perfect squares/Cubes:
Squares: 9, 16, 49, 81 ….
Cubes: 27, 64, 125, 216 ….
3) Multiple of numbers:
The series contains numbers which are multiple of different numbers.
Example: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20…..
4) Numbers in A.P./G.P.
Geometric progression: x,xr,xr3,xr4
Arithmetic progression: x,x + y,x + 2y,x + 3y are said to be in A.P.
The terms in series may be arithmetic or geometric progression.
5) Difference or sum of numbers:
The difference between two consecutive numbers may increase or decrease
6) Cumulative series:

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In this type, the third number is the addition of previous two numbers.
Example: 2, 4, 6, 10, 16, 26 ……
7) Power series:
In this type, the terms are defined on the basis of powers of numbers; the number may be expressed in the
form of n3 – n.
Example:
If n = 4, n3 – n = 60
If n = 5, n3 – n = 120…
Series: 60, 120, 210, 336 …
8) The middle digit is the sum of other two digits.
Example: 165, 121, etc
9) The series of numbers may follow different sequences as shown below:
(n2 – 1), (n2 + 1), (n2 – n), (n3 – n), (n2 – n + 1), (n2 – n – 1), etc
(a) If numbers in the series are 1,5, 11, 19, 29…. then the relation is (n2 – n – 1)
(b) If numbers in the series are 21, 31, 43 then the relation is (n2 – n + 1)
Example:
If n = 5, (52 – 5 + 1) = 21

If n = 6, (62 – 6 + 1) = 31
If n = 7, (72 – 7 + 1) = 43
1. 21: 3:: 574 : ?
(a) 23 (b) 82 (c) 97 (d) 113
Answer: (b) 82
Explanation: The relation is 7x: x
2. 3: 11:: 7 : ?
(a) 22 (b) 29 (c) 18 (d) 51
Answer: (d) 51
Explanation: The relation is x: x^2+2.
3. Choose the best alternative. 20 : 11 : : 102 : ?
(a) 49 (b) 52 (c) 65 (d) 85
Answer: (b) 52
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Explanation: Firstly, we will check the relation between first pair i.e. 20 and11
We can see (20/2 + 1) = 10 + 1 = 11
Similarly, the number in the place of ? is obtained as
(102/2 + 1) = 51 + 1 = 52.
2.1.2. PATTERNS IN LETTERS
4. AFKP : BGLQ : : CHMR : ?
(a) DINS (b) DNIS (c) DFKP (d) DJOT
Answer: (a) DINS
Explanation: Firstly, we will check the relation between the first pair i.e.
AFKP and BGLQ

5. SNOP : ONSP: : CLAY: ?

(a) ALCY (b) LCYA (c) LYCA (d) ACLY
Answer: (a) ALCY
Explanation: Firstly we will check the relation between the first pair
i.e. SNOP and ONSP

6. ASTN : ZTSO : : MSUB : ?

(a) LTTC (b) LRRC (c) LTTA (d) LRRO
Answer: (a) LTTC
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Explanation: Firstly we will check the relation between first pair
i.e. ASTN and ZTSO

7. 14 : 9 :: 26 : ?
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 31 (d)15
8. 123 : 132 :: 235 : ?
(a) 232 (b) 352 (c) 253 (d) 252
9. ADCB : KNML :: EHGF : ?
(a) QRST (b) ZYXW (c) DGFE (d) RUST
10. F : 216 :: L : ?
(a) 1729 (b) 1628 (c) 144 (d) 1728
11. ACE: HIL:: MOQ : ?
(a) XVT (b) TVX (c) VTX (d) TUX
12. ACBD : EFGH:: OQPR:?
(a) STUV (b) RSTU (c) UVWX (d) QRST
13. TSR: FED :: WVU?
(a) CAB (b) MLK (c) PQS (d) GFH
14. CJDL: FMGR :: IKJR: ?
(a) OQPT (b) RSTU (c) LSMT (d) KRMO
[Link] IN ALPHA-NUMERIC
15. In the below space an alpha-numeric series is present. Study the series carefully and answer
the questions that follow:
1, !, ), G, 3, *, !, &, B, @, ), 5, &, E, &, ^, I, %, #, O, 7, &, !, $, #, &
How many symbols do the alpha-numeric series have?
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A) 17 B) 18 C) 19 D) 20
Ans: A) 17
16. How many numbers are followed by an alphabet if the second half of the series is reversed?
A) 0 B) 2 C) 4 D) 5
Ans: A) 0
17. Which of the following are related, in some way or the other?
A) G, B B) B, E C) E, % D) G, O
Ans: D) G, O
18. The sum of the numbers that represent the position of all the alphabets is:
A) 65 B) 64 C) 63 D) 62
Ans: B) 64
2.2. ART OF FINDING SIMILARITIES
2.2.1. COMPLETING THE ANALOGOUS PAIR

2.2.2. DIRECT ANALOGY

Analogy:

What is Analogy Series and How to Approach?

Analogy means ‘with respect to’ or ‘correspondence’.
Word analogy:
In analogy tests, a particular relationship has to be given and
another similar relationship has to be
identified from the alternatives provided.
Number analogy:
The relationship between the given numbers is detected and then
applied to the second part to find the missing numbers.
Letter analogy:
The relation between two given sets of letters is established and
applied to the other set.
19. Candle: Wax:: Paper:?
(a) Wood (b) Tree (c) Bamboo (d) Pulp

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Answer: (d) Pulp
Explanation: Candle is made from wax. Paper is made from pulp.
20. Acting: Theatre:: Gambling:?
(a) Casino (b) Club (c) Bar (d) Gym
Answer: (a) Casino
Explanation: Acting is performed at the theatre,
and Gambling is at the Casino.
21. Ship: Sea :: Camel: ?
(a) Forest (b) Land (c) Mountain (d) Desert
Answer: (d) Desert
Explanation: Ship is found at sea, and camel is found in the desert.
22. Harp : Drum:: Flute:?
(a) Violin (b) bugle (c) Harmonium (d)Piano
Answer: (b) bugle
Explanation: The sound produced by Drum is called Harp whereas,
the sound produced by flute is called bugle.

23. ‘Sugarcane’ is related to ‘Juice’ in the same way ‘Mustard’ is related to?

(a) Field (b) Oilseed (c) Oil (d) Mamre

Answer: (c) Oil

Explanation: Juice is obtained from sugarcane in the same way,

oil is obtained from mustard.

24. CUP : LIP:: BIRD:?

(a) BUSH .(b) GRASS .(c) FOREST .(d) BEAK

Answer: (d) BEAK

Explanation: Cup is used to drink something with the help of lips.

Similarly birds collects grass with the help of beak to make her nest.

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25. Flow : River:: Stagnant: ?

(a) Rain .(b) Stream .(c) Pool .(d) Canal

Answer: (c) Pool

Explanation: As the Water of a River flows similarly water of Pool

is [Link] deactivate the older petty cash debit ATMcard,

and provide new one in the name of me

26. Paw: Cat Paw: Cat :: Hoof: ?

.(a) Lamb .(b) Elephant .(c) Lion .(d) Horse

Answer: (d) Horse

Explanation: As a cat has Paw similarly Horse has Hoof.

27. The odometer is to mileage as the compass is to:

(a) Speed.(b) Hiking.(c) Needle.(d) Direction

Answer: (d)Direction

Explanation: We get to know the mileage of a vehicle by odometer

and in a similar way we get to know direction by a compass.

28. Marathon is to race as hibernation is to:

(a) Winter.(b) Bear.(c) Dream.(d) Sleep

Answer: (d) Sleep

Explanation: The answer is sleep since a long race is called Marathon

and similarly a long sleep is called hibernation.

So, it is one of the examples of Synonym Analogy.

29. The window is to pane as book is to:

(a) Novel.(b) Glass.(c) Cover.(d) Page

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Answer: (d) Page

Explanation: The answer is Page. Since a window is made up of panes

and in a similar way book is made up of pages.

30. Yard is to inch as quart is to:

(a) Gallon.(b) Ounce.(c) Milk.(d) Liquid

Answer: (b) Ounce

Explanation: Yard is larger than inch (1 yard = 36 inches).

In the same way 1 quart = 32 ounces, i.e, quart is larger than ounce.

31. An optimist is to cheerful as pessimist is to:

(a) Gloomy.(b) Mean.(c) Petty.(d) Helpful

Answer: (a) Gloomy

Explanation: The answer is Gloomy. Since an optimist appears to

be cheerful in any environment in the same way a pessimist appears

to be gloomy. So, it is again an example of Synonym Analogy.

32. Reptile is to lizard as flower is to:

(a) Petal.(b) Stem.(c) Daisy.(d) Alligator

Answer: (c) Daisy

Explanation: A lizard is a type of reptile, similarly a daisy is a

type of flower

2.2.3. CHOOSING THE ANALOGOUS PAIR

33. Play is to actor as concert is to:

(a) Symphony.(b) Musician.(c) Piano.(d) Percussion

Answer: .(b) Musician

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34. Sponge is to porous as rubber is to.

(a) Massive.(b) Solid.(c) Elastic.(d) Inflexible

Answer: (c) Elastic

35. Careful is too cautious as boastful is to:

(a) Arrogant.(b) Humble.(c) Joyful.(d) Suspicious

Answer: Arrogant

36. Pen is to poet as needle is to:

(a) Thread.(b) Button.(c) Sewing.(d) Tailor

Answer: .(d) Tailor

37. Carbon: Diamond:: Corundum : ?

(a) Garnet.(b) Pearl.(c) Pukhraj.(d) Ruby

Answer: Ruby

38. Canada:Ottawa :: Cambodia : ?

(a) Brasilia.(b) Phnom Penh.(c) Luanda.(d)Vienna

Answer: Phnom Penh

39. Australia:Canberra :: Armenia : ?

(a) Kabul.(b) Yerevan.(c)Dhaka.(d) Sofia

Answer: Yerevan

40. Diva: Opera::?

(a) producer: theatre (b) director: drama (c) conductor: bus (d) thespian: play

Answer: (d) thespian: play

41. Grain: Salt::?

(a) shard: pottery .(b) shred: wood .(c) blades: grass

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(d) chip: glass

Answer: (d) chip: glass

42. Current is related to Ampere in the same way as Weight is related to

(a)Measurement .(b) Commodity .(c) Pound .(d) Scale

Answer: .(c) Pound

43. Wine is related to Grapes in the same way as Vodka is related to

(a)Flour.(b) Oranges.(c) Potatoes.(d) Apples

Answer: Potatoes

44. Ship is related to Captain in the same way as the Newspaper is related to

(a) Publisher .(b) Reader .(c) Editor .(d) Printer

Answer: Editor

2.3. CLASSIFICATION CHALLENGE

2.3.1 ALPHABET CLASSIFICATION

45. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) A, C, E
B) F, H, J
C) B, D, F
D) M, O, Q

Answer: The odd one out is D) M, O, Q because all the other options have letters that are alternate
(skip one letter) in the alphabet, but M, O, Q are not

46. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) K
B) N
C) P
D) R

Answer: The odd one out is C) P because it’s the only letter that is not preceded by an even number
of letters in the alphabet. K, N, and R are preceded by even counts (K comes after 10th letter, N after
13th, and R after 18th)
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47. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) X, Z, Y
B) A, C, D
C) F, H, J
D) M, N, O

Answer: The odd one out is B) A, C, D because A, C, and D are not in alphabetical order. The rest
follow alphabetical order.

48. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) D, F, H
B) G, I, K
C) C, E, G
D) H, J, L

Answer: The odd one out is C) C, E, G because the difference between consecutive letters in the other
options is 2, but the difference between C, E, and G is 2 as well, making it look like they belong, but
let's focus on alphabetical sequence positioning in an increasing count context.

49. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) E
B) I
C) O
D) U

Answer: The odd one out is B) I because it's the only letter that is not a vowel when it comes to
alternating vowel consonants where expected interaction matters in number counting.

50. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) A, B, C
B) K, L, M
C) P, Q, R
D) V, W, X

Answer: The odd one out is A) A, B, C because it starts with the first letters of the alphabet, while the
other options are in groups in later parts of the alphabet.

51. Which of the following is the odd one out?

A) B
B) D
C) F
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D) G

Answer: The odd one out is D) G because the others are all consonants and even letters.

2.3.2 NUMBER CLASSIFICATION

52. 121 275 396 385 891 932
(a) 121 (b) 396 (c) 385 (d) 932
Answer: (d) 932
Explanation: The middle digit is the sum of other two digits.
121 275 396 385 891 all these numbers have middle digit as the sum of other two digits
53. 9 16 25 36 125 169 196 225
(a) 36 (b) 196 (c) 169 (d) 125 Answer: (d) 125
Explanation: All numbers except 125 are perfect squares.53 = 125.
Hence the odd number is 125.
54. 9 12 17 20 25 28 34 36 41
(a) 25 (b) 28 (c) 34 (d) 41
Answer:(c) 34
Explanation: Here the differences between two successive numbers
from the beginning are 3 5 3 5…34 is the wrong term because the
next number should have the difference of 5
i.e. the number should be 33. Hence the odd number is 34.
55. 2 5 10 17 26 37 50 64
(a) 50 (b) 37 (c) 26 (d) 64
Answer:(d) 64
Explanation: (1×1) +1 (2×2)+1 (3×3)+1 (4×4)+1 (5×5)+1 (6×6)+1 (7×7)+1
(8×8) +1 But 64 is out of pattern.
2.3.3. ALPHA NUMERIC CLASSIFICATION

56. What comes next in the series: A1, B2, C3, D4, E5, __?

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Answer:
F6
Explanation: The letter sequence progresses alphabetically (A, B, C, D, E, F) and the number
sequence increases by 1 each time (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

57. If in a certain code, 'Z' = 1, 'Y' = 2, 'X' = 3, and so on, what is the code for the word "FUN"?

Answer:
21 6 14
Explanation: In this reverse coding system, F = 21, U = 6, and N = 14.

58. Which of the following is the odd one out?

(A) A1
(B) B2
(C) C3
(D) D4
(E) E6

Answer:
E6
Explanation: All the options follow an alphabet-number pattern where the number is the same as the
position of the letter in the alphabet (A1, B2, C3, D4). However, "E6" breaks this pattern because the
letter 'E' corresponds to 5, not 6.

59. What comes next in the series: Z5, X10, W15, V20, __?

Answer:
U25
Explanation: The letter sequence moves backward by one letter (Z, X, W, V, U) and the number
sequence increases by 5 each time (5, 10, 15, 20, 25).

60. If 'M' = 13, 'N' = 14, 'O' = 15, then what is the code for "L"?

Answer:
12
Explanation: The coding is based on the position of the letter in the alphabet, where 'L' is the 12th letter.

61. What is the next term in the series: 2B, 4C, 6D, 8E, __?

Answer:
10F
Explanation: The numbers increase by 2 (2, 4, 6, 8, 10) and the letters progress alphabetically (B, C, D,
E, F).
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62. In a certain code, 'P' = 16, 'Q' = 17, 'R' = 18, and so on. What is the code for the letter "L"?

Answer:
12
Explanation: The code corresponds to the position of the letter in the alphabet, where 'L' is the 12th
letter

Practice problems:
63. Find the one which does not belong to that group.
(a) 27 (b) 37 (c) 47 (d) 67
64. 15 19 23 27 31 35 40. 43.
(a) 23 (b) 27 (c) 35 (d) 40
65. 4 12 36 108 325 972.
(a) 36 (b) 325 (c) 108 (d) 97
66. 16 25 36 72 144 196 225
(a) 36 (b) 72 (c) 196 (d) 225
67. 19 26 33 46 59 74 91
(a) 26 (b) 33 (c) 59 (d) 91
68. XW FG ML PO TS.
(a) XW (b) FG (c) ML (d) PO
69. Pick the odd one out
(a) Ass (b) Donkey (c) Camel (d) Giraffe
70. Select the odd one out
(a) bicker (b) quarrel (c) wrangle (d) inveigle
71. Select the odd one out
(a) Java (b) Lisp (c) Smalltalk (d) Eiffel
72. Select the odd one out
(a) SMTP (b) WAP (c) SAP (d) ARP
73. Select the odd one out
(a) LINU (b) UNIX (c) SOLARIS (d) SQL SEVER

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2.4 THE SECRET CODE OF JOURNEY
Coding and Decoding:
Letter Coding
Letter coding is a method of changing information from its original
form into coded messages. It involves things like converting words
or phrases into other words or symbols using specific patterns or
rules. Essentially the message is encrypted so that only those who
possess the key can read and understand it.
Number Coding
Number coding is a method of assigning specific numerical values to
words phrases or numbers that can later be decrypted using
predefined rules. This technique is commonly used in computer
programming and data security and also in covert communication.
Substitution Coding
It is a type of puzzle-solving that involves substituting
specific words for other names.
2.4.1 ALPHABETIC CODEBREAKERS
74. If EARTH is written as FCUXM in a certain [Link] is MOON written in that code?
Answer: NQRR

Explanation:

75. If DELHI is written as EDMGJ in a certain code. How is NEPAL written in that code?

Answer: ODQZM

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Explanation:

76. If SYMBOL is written as NZTMPC is it a certain code? How is NUMBER written in that code?
Answer: NVOSFC

Explanation:

77. In a certain code COMPUTER is written as PMOCRETU how is DECIPHER written in that
code?
Answer: NVOSFC

Explanation:

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2.4.2 CRACK THE NUMBER CODE

78. In a certain code NEWYORK is written as 111 how NEWJERSEY written in that code?
Answer: 124
Explanation:
In NEW YORK - N = 14 E = 5 W = 23 Y = 25 O = 15
R = 18 K = 11
Total = 14 + 5 + 23 + 25 + 15 + 18 + 11 = 111
In NEW JERSEY
Total = 14 + 5 + 23 + 10 + 5 + 18 + 19 + 5 + 25 = 124.
79. In a certain code HARYANA is written as 8197151 how DELHI written in that code?
Answer: 45389
Explanation:
We used the number of alphabets here.
H=8
A=1
R = 18 = 1+8 = 9
Y = 25 = 2+5 = 7
For DELHI
D=4
E=5
L = 12 = 1+2 = 3
H=8
I=9
Hence DELHI is written as 45389.
80. In a certain code BOMB is written as 5745 and BAY is
written as 529 how is BOMBAY written in that code?
Answer: 574529
Explanation:

Use the numbers to relate the words

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BOMB BAY -> BOMBAY
5 745 529 57452
2.4.3 THE SYMBOL AND WORD CIPHER CHALLENGE
81. If 'blue' is called 'green' 'green' is called 'white' 'white' is called 'red' and 'red'
is called 'black' then what is the colour of a clear sky?
Answer: Green
Explanation: The colour of the clear sky is 'blue' but here '
blue' is called 'green'.
Hence in this case the colour of the clear sky is 'green'
82. If 'lily' is called 'lotus' 'lotus' is called 'rose'
'rose' is called 'sunflower' and 'sunflower' is called 'Marigold'
then which will be the national flower of India?
Answer: Rose
Explanation: We know the national flower of 'India
' is 'Lotus' and here 'Lotus' is called 'Rose'.
Hence in this case 'rose' is the national flower of India.
83. If 'lion' is called 'fish' 'fish' is called 'parrot'
'parrot' is called 'rat' 'rat' is called 'cat' 'cat' is called 'tiger'
then which of the following is a bird?
Answer: Rat
Explanation: 'Parrot' is a bird but here 'parrot' is called 'rat'.
Hence in this case 'rat' is a bird.
84. If 'bucket' is known as 'tub' 'tub' is known as 'glass'
'glass' is known as 'saucer' and 'saucer' is known as 'spoon'
then which utensil will be used for drinking water?
Answer: Saucer
Explanation: 'Glass' is used for drinking water and here
'glass' is called 'saucer'. Hence in this case a saucer is used
for drinking 'water'.

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85. If 'bangle' is called 'cassette' 'cassette' is called 'table' 'table' is called 'game' and 'game' is
called 'cupboard' then which is played in the taps recorder?
Answer: table
Explanation: Clearly a 'cassette' is played in the tape recorder.
But a 'cassette' is called a 'table'.
So a 'table' will be played in the tape recorder.
86. If 'water' is called 'food' 'food' is called 'tree' 'tree' is called 'sky' 'sky' is called
'wall' on which of the following grows a fruit?
Answer: sky
Explanation: The fruit grows on a 'tree' and 'tree' is called 'sky'.
So fruit grows on the 'sky'.
87. In a certain code '467' means 'leaves are green'; '485' means 'green is good' and
'639' means 'they are playing'. Which digit stands for 'leaves' in that code?
Answer: 7
Explanation: In the first and second statements the common
code digit is '4' and the common word is 'green'. So '4' means 'green'.
In the first and third statements the common code digit is '6' and
the common word is 'are'. So '6' means 'are’. Thus
in the first statement '7' means 'leaves'.
88. In a certain code '253' means 'books are old'; '546' means 'man is old' and '378' means
'buy good books'. What stands for 'are' in that code?
Answer: 2
Explanation: In the first and second statements the common code
digit is '5' and the common word is 'old'. So '5' means 'old'.
In the first and third statements the common code digit is '3' and
the common word is 'book'. So '3' means 'books'. Thus in the
first statement '2' means 'are'.
89. In a certain code '247' means 'spread red carpet';'256' means 'dust one carpet'
and '234' means 'one red carpet'. Which digit in that code means 'dust'?
Answer: 5
Explanation: In the first and second statements the common
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code digit is '2' and the common word is 'carpet'. So '2' means
'carpet'.In the second and third statements the common code
digit is '6' and the common word is 'one'. So '6' means
'one’. Therefore in the second statement '5' means 'dust'.
90. In a certain code language '123' means 'hot filtered coffee';'356' means 'very
hot day' and '589' means 'day and night'.Which digit stands for 'very'?
Answer: 6
Explanation: In the first and second statements the common
code digit is '3' and the common word is 'hot'.
So '3' means 'hot'.In the second and third statements
the common code digit is '5' and the common word is 'day'.
So '5' means 'day'. Thus in the second statement '6' means 'very'.
91. In a certain code language '526' means 'sky is blue';'24' means 'blue colour' and '436'
means 'colour is fun'. Which digit in that language means 'fun'?
Answer: 3
Explanation: In the first and third statements the common code
digit is '6' and the common word is 'is'. So '6' means 'is'.In the
second and third statements the common code digit is '4' and the
common word is 'colour'. So '4' means 'colour'. Thus in the
third statement '3' means 'fun'.
92. In a certain code language '743' means 'mangoes are good' '657' means 'eat
good food' and '934' means 'mangoes are ripe'.Which digit means 'ripe' in that language?
Answer: 9
Explanation: In the first and third statements the common code
digits are '4' and '3' and the common words are 'mangoes' and 'are'.
So '4' and '3' are the codes for 'mangoes' and 'are'.Thus in the
third statement '9' means 'ripe'

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2.4.4 MATRIX CHALLENGE
93. In the following question, a word is represented by only one set of numbers as given in any one of the
alternatives. The set of numbers given in the alternatives is represented by two classes of alphabets as
in two matrices given below. The columns and rows of Matrix-I are numbered from 7 to 10 and that
of Matrix-II from 2 to 6. A letter from these matrices can be represented first by its row and then by
its column, example, ‘D’ can be written as 23 and 32. Identify the set for the word DOSSIER.

A 23, 54, 710, 25, 66, 26, 36

B 32, 35, 56, 44, 25, 78, 52
C 23, 43, 66, 26, 54, 35, 56
D 32, 54, 710, 87, 25, 24, 66
Answer: D
Explanation: (A) : 23, 54, 710, 25, 66, 26, 36 : DOSIRRQ
(B) : 32, 35, 56, 44, 25, 78, 52 : DSSDISO
(C) : 23, 43, 66, 26, 54, 35, 56 : DERROSS
(D) : 32, 54, 710, 87, 25, 24, 66 : DOSSIER
=> Ans - (D)

94. In the following question, a word is represented by only one set of numbers as given in any one of the
alternatives. The set of numbers given in the alternatives is represented by two classes of alphabet as in
two matrices given below. The columns and rows of Matrix I are numbered from 7 to 10 and that of
Matrix II from 2 to 6. A letter from these matrices can be represented first by its row and then by its
column, for example, ‘D’ can be written as 23 and 32. Identify the set for the word RISE.

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A 1010, 25, 35, 24

B 26, 79, 87, 66
C 26, 79, 99, 36
D 66, 89, 32, 64
Answer: A
Explanation: (A) : 1010, 25, 35, 24 : RISE
(B) : 26, 79, 87, 66 : RISR
(C) : 26, 79, 99, 36 : RIVQ
(D) : 66, 89, 32, 64 : RADE
=> Ans - (A)
95. In the following question, a word is represented by only one set of numbers as given in any one of
the alternatives. The set of numbers given in the alternatives are represented by two classes of
alphabet as in two matrices given below. The columns and rows of Matrix I are numbered 0 to and
that of Matrix II are numbered 5 to 9. A letter from these matrices can be represented first by its row
and then by its column, for example, C can be represented by 55, 69 etc. and D can be represented by
59, 68 etc. Similarly, you have to identify the set for the word given in the question. ROUND

A 02, 57, 67, 23, 95

B 34, 66, 58, 33, 95
C 20, 56, 99, 33, 77

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D 11, 75, 59, 42, 86
Answer: B
Explanation: (A) : 02, 57, 67, 23, 95 : ROUBD
(B) : 34, 66, 58, 33, 95 : ROUND
(C) : 20, 56, 99, 33, 77 : RLUND
(D) : 11, 75, 59, 42, 86 : RODND
=> Ans - (B)
96. A word is represented by only one set of numbers as given in any one of the alternatives. The sets of
numbers given in the alternatives are represented by two classes of alphabets as shown in the given two
matrices. The columns and rows of Matrix•I are numbered from 0 to 4 and that of Matrix•II are
numbered from 5 to 9. A letter from these matrices can be represented first by its row and next by its
column, for example 'A' can be represented by 31, 23 etc and 'P' can be represented by 86, 97 etc.
Similarly, you have to identify the set for the word 'KILT'.

A 33,86,33,78
B 14,58,22,56
C 30,42,32,77
D 21,79,42,97
Answer: C
Explanation: (A) : 33,86,33,78 = KPKV
(B) : 14,58,22,56 = HYDV
(C) : 30,42,32,77 = KILT
(D) : 21,79,42,97 = HTIP
=> Ans - (C)

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2.4.5 MIXING CODE
97. Study the following information carefully to answer the given questions.
‘dumb monkeys are actors’ is coded as ‘la pa zi ta’‘
'joker monkeys are dumb’ is coded as ‘pa zi la sa’‘
'flower are red fool’ is coded as ‘na hi ga pa’‘
'dumb pins and flower’ is coded as ‘zi mi jo ga’
How will ‘dumb joker flower’ be coded in the given language?
Answer: zi sa ga
Explanation: To find the code for the phrase 'dumb joker flower
' we can look for common words and their corresponding codes
in the given information:From the first statement 'dumb' is coded
as 'zi.'From the second statement 'joker' is coded as 'sa.'
From the third statement 'flower' is coded as 'ga.'
Combining these codes the code for 'dumb joker flower' would
be 'zi sa ga.'
98. If Pour is written as 4156
Sware is written as 78269
Clear is written as 3@926
Then what is the code for PEARL=?
Answer: 4926@
Explanation: Pour - 4156 => P = 4 r=6
Sware - 78269 => a = 2 e=9
Clear - 3@926 => l = @
=> Pearl = 4926@.
99. If 'L' stands for '+' 'M' stands for '-' N stands for 'x' P stands for '÷' then
14 N 10 L 42 P 2 M 8 = ?
Answer: 153
Explanation: Inequality-based questions are provided in two types
Direct Inequality in which direct symbols will be given
in the statement.
Coded Inequality in which coded symbols
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(like @ % $ etc) will be given and they signify will be
provided separately.
100. If P denotes ‘*’ T denotes ‘-’ M denotes ‘+’ B denotes ‘/’ then 12P6M15T16B4?
Answer: 83
Explanation: 12 * 6 + 15 – (16/4)
(12 * 6) + 15 – 4
72 + 15 – 4 = 83.
101. If ‘+’ means - ‘-‘means * ‘*’means / ‘/’ means + then the value of expression
32 + 8 * 2 – 3/4?
Answer: 24
Explanation:32 - 8/2 * 3 + 4
32 - (4 *3) + 4
32 – 12 + 4 = 24.
102. Which of the following changes would make the given expression correct?
4+4*4–4/4=4
a) + and * b) – and / c) + and / d) both b and c
Answer: both b and c
Explanation: 4 + 4 * 4 – 4 / 4 = 4
a) + and *
4 *4 + 4 – 4/4 = 4
16 + 4 – 1 = 4
19 not equal to 4
b) – and /
4+4*4/4–4=4
4+4*1–4=4
4 + 4 – 4 = 4 => 4 = 4
c) + and /
4 /4 * 4 – 4 +4 = 4
1*4–4+4=4
4 – 4 + 4 = 4 => 4 = 4
Both b and c is the answer.
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103. If 17 – 12 = 10 21 – 15 = 12 53 – 49 = 8 then 87 – 85 = ?
Answer: 4
Explanation:17 – 12 = 5 => 5 * 2 =10
21 – 15 = 6 => 6 * 2 = 12
53 – 49 = 4 =>4 * 2 = 8
then 87 – 85 = 2 => 2 * 2 = 4.

104. If 12*9 = 9 15*7 = 6 17*8 = 10 then 16*9 = ?

Answer: 9
Explanation: 12 * 9 = 108 = 1 + 0 + 8 = 9
15 * 7 = 105 = 1 + 0 + 5 = 6
17 * 8 = 1 + 3 + 6 = 10
16 * 9 = 144 = 1 + 4 + 4 = 9.

105. 8 (89) 9 11 (155) 12 Then 4 (?) 6

Answer: 34
Explanation:9 * 8 = 72
9 + 8 = 17
72 + 17 = 89
11 * 12 = 132
11 + 12 = 23
132 + 23 = 155
4 * 6 = 24
4 + 6 = 10
24 + 10 = 34.
106. If 12(169)5 4(20)2 and 1(26)5 then 7(?)3
Answer: 58
Explanation:122 + 52 = 169
42 + 22 = 20
12 + 52 = 26
72 + 32 = 58.

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107. If 2&6%7=33 4&6%8=54 then what will be the value of %8&9?
Answer: 95
Explanation:26 +7 = 33
46 + 8 = 54
89 + 6 = 95.

Practice problems:
108. If in a certain language MADRAS is coded as NBESBT how is BOMBAY coded in that
code?
(a) CPNCBX (b) CPNCBZ (c) CPOCBZ (d) CQOCBZ
109. In a certain code TRIPPLE is written as SQHOOKD. How is DISPOSE written in that code?
(a) CHRONRD (b) DSOESPI (c) ESJTPTF (d) ESOPSID
110. If in a code language. COULD is written as BNTKC and MARGIN is written as LZQFHM how
will MOULDING be written in that code?
(a) CHMFINTK (b) LNKTCHMF (c) LNTKCHMF (d) NITKHCMF
111. In a certain code MONKEY is written as XDJMNL How is TIGER written in that code?
(a) QDFHS (b) SDFHS (c) SHFDQ (d) UJHFS
112. If FRAGRANCE is written as SBHSBODFG how can IMPOSING be written?
(a) NQPTJHOJ (b) NQPTJOHI (c) NQTPJOHJ (d) NQPTJOHJ
113. In a certain code. RIPPLE is written as 613382 and LIFE is written as 8192. How is PILLER written
in that code?
(a) 318826 (b) 318286 (c) 618826 (d) 338816
114. If the letters in PRABA are coded as 27595 and THILAK are coded as 368451 how can HARATHI
be coded?
(a) 37536689 (b) 57686535 (c) 96575368 (d) 96855368
115. If PALE is coded as 2134 EARTH is coded as 4159 how is PEARL coded in that code?
(a) 29530 (b) 24153 (c) 25413 (d) 25430
116. If DELHI is coded as 73541 and CALCUTTA as 82589662 how can CALICUT be coded?
(a) 5279431 (b) 5978213 (c) 8251896 (d) 8543691
117. If ROSE is coded as 6821 CHAIR is coded as 73456 and PREACH is coded as 961473
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what will be the code for SEARCH?
(a) 246173 (b) 214673 (c) 214763 (d) 216473
118. If in a certain code TWENTY is written as 863985 and ELEVEN is written as 323039
how is TWELVE written in that code?
(a) 863203 (b) 863584 (c) 863903 (d) 863063
119. If GIVE is coded as 5137 and BAT is coded as 924 how is GATE coded?
(a) 5427 (b) 5724 (c) 5247 (d) 2547
120. If 'orange' is called 'butter' 'butter' is called 'soap' 'soap' is called 'ink' 'ink' is called 'honey' and
'honey' is called 'orange' which of the following is used for washing clothes?
(a) Honey (b) Butter (c) Orange (d) Soap
121. If 'rose' is called 'poppy' 'poppy is called 'lily' 'lily' is called 'lotus' and 'lotus' is called
'gladiola' which is the king of flowers?
(a) Lily (b) Gladiola (c) Lotus (d) Rose
122. If 'wall' is called 'window' 'window' is called 'door' 'door' is called 'floor' 'floor' is called
'roof' and 'roof' is called 'ventilator' what will a person stand on?
(a) Floor (b) Ventilator (c) Roof (d) Wall
123. If 'eraser' is called 'box' 'box' is called 'pencil' 'pencil' is called 'sharpener' and 'sharpener'
is called 'bag' what will a child write with?
(a) Eraser (b) Box (c) Pencil (d) Sharpener
124. On another planet the local terminology for 'earth' 'water' 'light' 'air' and 'sky' 'light' 'air'
'water' and 'earth' respectively. If someone is thirsty there what would he drink?
(a) Light (b) Air (c) Sky (d) Water
125. In a certain code '37' means 'which class' and '583' means 'caste and class'. What is the code
for 'caste'?
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) Either 5 or 8
126. In a certain code '975' means 'Throw away garbage'; '528' means 'Give away smoking' and
'213' means 'Smoking is harmful'.Which digit in that code means 'Give'?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 8
127. In a certain code ‘247’ means ‘spread red carpet’; ‘256’ means ‘dust one carpet’ and ‘234’
means ‘one red carpet’. Which digit in this code means ‘dust’?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
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2.5 FIGURE SERIES PUZZLE
2.5.1 MISSING FIGURE
128. In each of the following questions find out which of the answer figures (a) (b) (c) and (d)
complete figure matrix ?

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Answer: (d)
Explanation: The second part of each row is thrice the
first part. So the figure given in option (d) will replace
the question mark.
129. In each of the following questions find out which of the answer figures (a) (b) (c) and (d)
completes the figure matrix ?

(a) a (b) b (c) c (d) d

Answer: (d)
Explanation: The third figure in each row comprises of parts
that are not common to the first two figures.
130. Find the figure from the answer figure that will replace the question mark (?)
from the problem figure.

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(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Answer: (d)
Explanation: By the careful analysis of the first part of the problem figure we find that the
first figure is rotated 900 clockwise to obtain the second figure. In the same manner the third figure
is rotated 900 clockwise to obtain the answer figure as given in option (d).

2.5.2 INCORRECT FIGURE

131. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Answer: (a)
Explanation: The pins equal in number to the number of side in the main figure are attached to t
he midpoint of a side of the main figure in case of figures (2) (3) (4) and (5). In fig. (1)
these pins are attached to a vertex of the main figure.
132. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Answer: (a)
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Explanation: In all other figures there are two small line
segments towards the pin and three small line segments
towards the arrow.
133. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (b)
Explanation: Each one of the figures except fig. (2) is
obtained by the lateral inversion of an English alphabet.
134. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (d)
Explanation: Only in fig. (4) the pin passes through a
vertex of each one of the two elements.

2.6 THE GEOMETRY OF ANALOGIES

2.6.1. SIMILARITY RELATED PAIR

135. Identify the figure that completes the pattern.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
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Answer: (d)
136. Identify the figure that completes the pattern.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (d)

137. Identify the figure that completes the pattern.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (d)
138. Identify the figure that completes the pattern.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (c)
2.6.2. SIMILARITY RELATED FIGURES
139. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (d)

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140. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (b)

141. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (a)
142. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: (d)

2.6.3. UNRELATED FIGURES

143. Which figure is the odd one out?

A)
B) ◯
C)
D)
E)

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Answer: B) ◯

Explanation:
All other figures have straight edges and are polygons (square, triangle, diamond, rectangle), whereas
the circle (◯) has no edges or corners—making it the odd one out.

144. Look at the given figures and find the odd one out. Choose the correct option.

A. (A)
B. (C)
C. (D)
D. (B)
Answer: C. (D)
Explanation:
In each of the figure, there are only two shapes wherein in shape (D), there are a total of 3 shapes.

145. Look at the given figures and find the odd one out. Choose the correct option.

A. (A)
B. (C)
C. (B)
D. (D)
Answer: B. (C)
Explanation:
In each figure, the shape drawn is divided into 4 parts, whereas in figure C, it is divided into 3 parts
only.

146. Look at the given figures and find the odd one out. Choose the correct option.

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A. (C)
B. (D)
C. (B)
D. (A)
Answer: A. (C)
Explanation:
In each diagram, the outermost and innermost shapes are same, except in figure C, in which the outer
shape is a circle and the inner shape in a triangle.

2.6.4. GROUP OF FIGURES

146. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the
same series as established by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Answer: 3
Explanation: In each step the element at the upper-right
position gets enlarged inverts vertically and reaches the
lower-left corner; the existing element at the lower-left position
is lost and a new small element appears at the upper-right
position.
147. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the same series
as established by the five Problem Figures.

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Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: 2
Explanation: In each step the elements move in the
Sequence.
148. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue
the same series as established by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: 4
Explanation: In each step the CW-end element moves to the
ACW-end position.
149. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue
the same series as established by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: 1
Explanation: Both the larger and the smaller squares move to
the adjacent corner ACW in each turn. Also the shading in the
smaller square moves 1 2 3 4 5 ... steps ACW
sequentially and the shading in the larger square moves 1 2 3
4 5 .... steps CW sequentially.
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150. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the same series as
established by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Answer: 1
Explanation: One two three one two three....arcs get
inverted sequentially. This inversion takes place in an ACW direction.
151. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the
same series as established by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

Answer: 3
Explanation:In each step one dot is lost while another dot is replaced by a cross
Practise problems:
152. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the same series as
established by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D ) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
153. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the same series as established
by the five Problem Figures.

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Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) ( 5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
154. Select a figure from amongst the Answer Figures which will continue the same series as established
by the five Problem Figures.
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B (C) (D) (E) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
155. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replace the question mark (?).
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
156. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replacethe question mark (?).
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) ( C) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
157. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replace the question mark (?).
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
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158. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replace the question mark (?).
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

159. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replace the question mark (?).
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C ) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
160. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replace the question mark (?).

Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) ( C) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
161. Select a suitable figure from the Answer Figures that would replace the question mark (?).
Problem Figures: Answer Figures:

(A) (B) (C) (D) (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
162. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

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(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
163. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

164. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
165. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
166. Choose the figure which is different from the rest.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
167. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
168. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

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(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1(b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

169. Find out the alternative figure which contains figure (X) as its part.

(X) (1) (2) ( 3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

170. Identify the figure that completes the pattern.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
171. Identify the figure that completes the pattern.

(X) (1) (2) (3) (4)

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

172. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix.

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(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

173. elect a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix.

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

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174. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix.

(a) 1(b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

175. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix.

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

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176. Select a suitable figure from the four alternatives that would complete the figure matrix.

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

**************

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