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Cosh Function

The hyperbolic cosine function, cosh(x), models catenary curves and is characterized by its even symmetry and strict convexity with a minimum at x=0. Its derivatives and integral are defined, and it can be expressed through a Maclaurin series containing only even powers. Additionally, cosh(x) has applications in physics and engineering, particularly in describing hanging chains and appears in solutions to Laplace and heat equations.

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2 views11 pages

Cosh Function

The hyperbolic cosine function, cosh(x), models catenary curves and is characterized by its even symmetry and strict convexity with a minimum at x=0. Its derivatives and integral are defined, and it can be expressed through a Maclaurin series containing only even powers. Additionally, cosh(x) has applications in physics and engineering, particularly in describing hanging chains and appears in solutions to Laplace and heat equations.

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Info Spreadinson
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Hyperbolic Cosine y = cosh(x) = ex +2e x

Generated on January 31, 2026

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y

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0 Even, bowl shaped; minimum 1 at x=0.


4 2 0 2 4
x
Overview
Hyperbolic cosine grows like e^{|x|}/2 and models catenary curves. It is even and strictly
convex.
Domain, Range, Symmetry
Domain: ( , ). Range: [1, ). Symmetry: even, cosh( x)=cosh(x). Minimum at x=0 equ
Calculus
Derivative: d/dx cosh(x)=sinh(x). Second derivative: d²/dx² cosh(x)=cosh(x) 1, confirmin
convexity. Integral: cosh(x)dx=sinh(x)+C.
Series Expansion
Maclaurin series: cosh(x)=1 + x²/2! + x /4! + x /6! + , containing only even powers,
reflecting its symmetry.
Asymptotics
As |x| , cosh(x) (1/2) e^{|x|}. The ratio cosh(x)/e^{|x|} 1/2 captures exponential gro
rate.
Catenary & Physics
The curve y=a cosh(x/a) describes an ideal hanging chain; it minimizes potential energy
appears in gateway arches and suspension designs.
PDE Connections
In separation of variables for Laplace/heat equations, hyperbolic functions appear as solu
in one dimension with exponential behavior.
Transforms & Identities
Identity: cosh²(x) sinh²(x)=1. Relationship with cosine via complex arguments: cos(ix)=c
Computation Notes
For large |x| use expm1 to maintain precision, and guard against overflow by clipping inp
fixed precision contexts.
References & Further Reading
References 1. Apostol, Tom M. Calculus, Vol. 1. 2. Stewart, James. Calculus: Early
Transcendentals. 3. Weisstein, Eric W. MathWorld entries for the function. 4. Kreyszig, Erw
Advanced Engineering Mathematics. Generated on January 31, 2026.

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