50 Android Interview Questions & Answers
1. What is Android? Android is an open-source, Linux-based OS developed by Google.
2. Android components? Activity, Fragment, Service, BroadcastReceiver, ContentProvider
3. What is Activity? A single UI screen in Android.
4. Activity vs Fragment? Activity is independent, Fragment is reusable & dependent.
5. [Link]? Defines components, permissions, config.
6. What is Context? Provides access to app environment & resources.
7. What is Intent? Used to start components or send data.
8. Explicit vs Implicit Intent? Explicit = specific component, Implicit = action based.
9. What is ANR? App Not Responding when main thread blocked >5s.
10. What is APK? Android Package for app installation.
11. Activity lifecycle? onCreate → onStart → onResume → onPause → onStop → onDestroy
12. Screen rotation? Activity recreated, ViewModel survives.
13. Save UI state? onSaveInstanceState, ViewModel
14. onPause vs onStop? Pause = partially visible, Stop = hidden
15. Fragment lifecycle? Fragment has its own lifecycle tied to Activity.
16. Back Stack? Holds fragment transactions.
17. Fragment communication? Shared ViewModel, Interface, SafeArgs
18. Navigation Component? Jetpack navigation library.
19. ViewModel? Holds UI data, survives rotation.
20. LiveData? Lifecycle-aware observable data.
21. RecyclerView vs ListView? RecyclerView is flexible & efficient.
22. Optimize RecyclerView? DiffUtil, paging, fixed size
23. ViewBinding? Type-safe view access.
24. DataBinding? Binds UI with data directly.
25. ConstraintLayout? Flat, flexible layout system.
26. Avoid memory leaks? Clear binding, no context in ViewModel
27. ProGuard? Shrinks and obfuscates code.
28. R8? Advanced ProGuard replacement.
29. Improve performance? Background threads, optimized layouts
30. StrictMode? Detects bad practices.
31. What is Service? Runs background tasks.
32. Foreground vs Background Service? Foreground has notification, background is limited.
33. WorkManager? Guaranteed background tasks.
34. AlarmManager vs WorkManager? Exact time vs guaranteed execution
35. JobScheduler? Schedules jobs (API 21+)
36. BroadcastReceiver? Listens system events.
37. Static vs Dynamic Receiver? Manifest vs runtime registered
38. ContentProvider? Shares data between apps.
39. Room? SQLite abstraction.
40. Paging library? Loads data in chunks.
41. REST API? Backend communication standard.
42. Retrofit? Type-safe HTTP client.
43. Handle API errors? Try-catch, status codes, retry
44. Secure API calls? HTTPS, JWT, interceptors
45. MVVM? View → ViewModel → Model
46. Clean Architecture? Layered, testable architecture.
47. Repository pattern? Single source of truth.
48. Dependency Injection? Automatic object creation.
49. Hilt? Official Android DI library.
50. Coroutines? Lightweight async programming.