NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CALICUT
Department of Mathematics,Winter Semester
Winter Semester 2019-2020
2021-22
Mathematics-2 (MA1002D), Tutorial-5
1. Find the differential equation of all circles which pass through the origin and whose centres are on the x-axis.
2. Find the differential equation of the family of curves y = ex (A cos x + B sin x) where A and B are constants.
3. State the existence and uniqueness theorem of first order ordinary differential equations. Check the existence
and uniqueness of solution of the following initial value problems. If solution exists, find the unique solution
or all solutions.
dy dy 4
(a) = x − y + 1, y(1) = 2. (b) = 5y 5 , y(0) = 0.
dx dx
dy 4 dy 2y
(c) = 5y 5 , y(0) = 1. (d) = , y(0) = 1.
dx dx x
4. Solve the following differential equations (Variable-Separable/reducible to Variable-Separable)
dy 2 dy
(a) = ex+y + x2 ex +y . (b) tan y = sin(x + y) + sin(x − y).
dx dx
dy dy
(c) = (4x + y + 1)2 . (d) = sin(x + y) + cos(x + y).
dx dx
5. Solve the following differential equations (Homogenous/Non homogeneous)
y y y y dy
(a) (x3 + 3xy 2 )dx + (y 3 + 3x2 y)dy = 0. (b) (x cos + y sin )y − (y sin − x cos ) = 0.
x x x x dx
dy x+y+4 dy 2x + 3y + 4
(c) = . (d) = .
dx x−y−6 dx 6y + 4x + 5
6. Solve the following differential equations (Linear/Bernoulli/Reducible to linear or Bernoulli)
(a) y(log y)dx + (x − log y)dy = 0. (b) (1 + y 2 )dx = (tan−1 y − x)dy.
dy dy
(c) + x sin(2y) − x3 cos2 y = 0. (d) = y 3 cos(2x) − y sin(x).
dx dx
7. Solve the following differential equations (exact/make it exact with integrating factor)
x x x
(a) (1 + e y )dx + e y (1 − )dy = 0. (b) y sin(2x)dx = (1 + y 2 + cos2 x)dy.
y
(c) (x3 + xy 2 + 4y)dx + (y 3 + yx2 − 4x)dy = 0. (d) ydx − xdy + (1 + x2 )dx + x2 sin ydy = 0.
8. Solve the following differential equations (exact/make it exact with integrating factor)
(a) (x2 + y 2 + 2x)dx + 2ydy = 0. (b) (5xy + 4y 2 + 1)dx + (x2 + 2xy)dy = 0.
3 2 2 4
(c) (xy + y)dx + 2(x y + x + y )dy = 0. (d) (2xy 4 ey + 2xy 3 + y)dx + (x2 y 4 ey − x2 y 2 − 3x)dy = 0.
9. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the following family of curves
(a) 3xy = x3 − a3 , a is the parameter. (b) x2 + y 2 = 2ax, a is the parameter.
(c) r = a(1 + cos θ)), a is the parameter. (d) rn sin(nθ) = an , a is the parameter.
10. Show that the family of parabolas x2 = 4a(y + a) is self orthogonal.
11. If the temperature of the air is 290K and a substance cools from 370K to 330K in 10 minutes, find when
the temperature will be 295K. (Ans=40 minutes)
12. The number of bacteria in a yeast culture grows at a rate which is proportional to the number present. If
the population of a colony of yeast bacteria triples in one hour, find the number of bacteria which will be
present at the end of five hours. (Ans: Increases by 35 times the initial bacteria).
13. (a) Find the current at any time t > 0 in a circuit having in series a constant electromotive force 40V , a resistor
10Ω and an inductor 0.2H given that initial current is zero. (b) Find the current when E(t) = 150 cos(200t).
3 15
(Ans (a): 4(1 − e−50t ), (b) (50 cos(200t) + 200 sin(200t)) − e−50t ))
170 17
14. A capacitor C = 0.01F in series with a resistor R = 20 ohms is charged from a batter E = 10V . Assuming
that initially the capacitor is completely uncharged, determine the charge Q(t) and the current i(t) at any
time t. (Ans: Q(t) = 0.1(1 − e−5t ), i(t) = 0.5e−5t ).