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SQL Tutorial

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to run MySQL on a PC, create databases and tables, and perform various operations such as inserting, selecting, and modifying data. It includes commands for creating a database, adding columns, and using functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, and MIN. Additionally, it explains how to drop tables and use constraints in table structures.

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opkrishop
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12 views10 pages

SQL Tutorial

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on how to run MySQL on a PC, create databases and tables, and perform various operations such as inserting, selecting, and modifying data. It includes commands for creating a database, adding columns, and using functions like SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, and MIN. Additionally, it explains how to drop tables and use constraints in table structures.

Uploaded by

opkrishop
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial

a reference video: [Link]


to run MySQL on my pc open cmd and type this command:

1 mysql -u root -p

it will ask for password, use the one that you set.
in my case it is: karmanya

Creating a database

To see the all the databases available:

1 show databases;

To create a database:

1 create database <name>;

Now, to select the database:

1 use <name>;

Create a Table

Once the database is selected, we can create a table:

1 CREATE TABLE employee(


2 -> <Name of coloumn 1> <Data type>,
3 -> <Name of coloum 2> varchar(),
4 -> );

Data type includes: int/float/bool/list/tuple and etc.


Note: str is NOT a datatype
MySQL doesn’t have str .
👉 Use VARCHAR , CHAR , INT , etc.
Also note, that it is optional to specify the both data type or varchar.

CONSTRAINTS

To check the structure of the table

1 DESC <table name>;


DESC stands for describe , it shows the following:

Inserts records in a Table


After creating a blank structure of a table we would like to store data in it.
INSERT INTO: Command used to insert a row in the specified table

1 INSERT INTO <table name> VALUES


2 -> (<value1>,>value2>,<value3>,......<value n>)

for example:

Select

Command used to Fetch/View data from the table.

1 SELECT * FROM <table name>;


the * means that you are selecting everything.
This, command will allow you to see the contents of table like this:
let's say we only want to show only one column in the table

1 SELECT EmpID FROM employee;

for more than two coloumns:

1 SELECT EmpID, EmpName FROM employee;

Selecting the DISTINCT statement

let's say from this command we get:

1 SELECT EmpAGE FROM employee;

but from the DISTINCT function the duplicate values are erased.
WHERE clause

Operators for WHERE clause:


= , > , < , >= , <= , <> , BETWEEN , LIKE , IN

Alter Table

Add a column

1 ALTER TABLE employee


2 -> ADD <column_name> <constraint> ;

constraints are optional


Delete a cloumn

1 ALTER TABLE employee


2 -> DROP COLUMN <column_name>;

Modify a Table

we will change a column type

1 ALTER TABLE employee


2 -> MODIFY COLUMN <column_name> <constraint>;

Functions

Sum() function

1 SELECT SUM(<column_name>)
2 -> FROM <table_name>;
Avg() function

1 SELECT AVG(<column_name>)
2 -> FROM <table_name>
Count() function

1 SELECT COUNT(<column_name>)
2 -> FROM <table_name>;
we can also use the condition to use the count function:

TO COUNT THE NUMBER OF COLUMNS IN A TABLE:

1 SELECT COUNT(*)
2 FROM <table_name>;
§

Max()

1 SELECT MAX(<column_name>)
2 FROM <table_name>;
§
Min()

1 SELECT MIN(<column_name>)
2 FROM <table_name>;

§
Drop The Table

1 DROP TABLE <table_name>;

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