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Introduction To Shell Scripting

This document provides an introduction to shell scripting, covering how to create and run shell files, print output, pass input, declare variables, and read environment files. It includes examples of functions, conditional statements (if-else, nested if-else, case), and loop structures (for, while, until). The content is aimed at beginners looking to understand the basics of writing and executing shell scripts.

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ashik.cse.ah
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11 views4 pages

Introduction To Shell Scripting

This document provides an introduction to shell scripting, covering how to create and run shell files, print output, pass input, declare variables, and read environment files. It includes examples of functions, conditional statements (if-else, nested if-else, case), and loop structures (for, while, until). The content is aimed at beginners looking to understand the basics of writing and executing shell scripts.

Uploaded by

ashik.cse.ah
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction to shell scripting

How to create a shell file?


Create a file with a .sh extension

Add shebang at the beginning of the file

#!/bin/bash

Make the file executable with

chmod +x <file-name>.sh

Run the shell

./<file-name>.sh

How to print in a shell script?


#!/bin/bash
echo "Hello World!!!"

How to pass input?


#!/bin/bash
echo "Pass an input"
read user_input
echo $user_input

How to declare a variable?


#!/bin/bash
variable="Hello World!!!"
echo $variable

How to read environment files in a shell script?


ENV_FILE=".env"

Function

Introduction to shell scripting 1


#!/bin/bash
func(){
echo "Hello World!!!"
}

func

Parameterized Function
#!/bin/bash
add_numbers(){
local num1="$1"
local num2="$2"
local sum=$((num1+num2))
echo "The sum of $num1 and $num2 is: $sum"
}

add_numbers 10 20

if-else
#!/bin/bash

echo "Enter a number:"


read number

if [ "$number" -eq 100 ]; then


echo "The number is 100."
else
echo "The number is not 100."
fi

Nested if-else
#!/bin/bash
echo "Please enter a number:"
read user_input
if [ "$user_input" -gt 10 ]; then
echo "The entered number is greater than 10."
else
if [ "$user_input" -lt 10 ]; then
echo "The entered number is less than 10."
else
echo "The entered number is equal to 10."

Introduction to shell scripting 2


fi
fi

Case
#!/bin/bash
read -p "Enter a fruit name: " fruit
case "$fruit" in
"apple")
echo "You selected an apple."
;;
"banana")
echo "You selected a banana."
;;
*) # Code to execute if $variable doesn't match
echo "Unknown fruit."
;;
esac # Signal end of case statement

For Loop
#!/bin/bash
# Define an array of fruits
fruits=("apple" "banana" "cherry" "date" "fig")
# Iterate through the array using a for loop
for fruit in "${fruits[@]}"; do
echo "I like $fruit."
done

While Loop
#!/bin/bash
counter=1
max=5
# Use a while loop to count from 1 to 5
while [ "$counter" -le "$max" ]; do
echo "Count: $counter"
counter=$((counter + 1))
done

Until Loop
#!/bin/bash
count=1
until [ $count -gt 5 ]

Introduction to shell scripting 3


do
echo "Count: $count"
count=$((count + 1))
done

Introduction to shell scripting 4

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