Parameter
r
Name Physical Signicance
c
η= z Similarity Variable Transforms the multi-variable PDEs into a single-
ν
ODE system. Represents the similarity coordinate.
T − T∞
Θ(η) = Dimensionless Temperature Normalizes temperature distribution between wall an
Tw − T∞
ent. Useful in computing Nusselt number.
C − C∞
ϕ(η) = Dimensionless Concentration Represents concentration prole of nanoparticles. Im
Cw − C∞
in Sherwood number computation.
F (η), G(η), H(η) Velocity Proles F is radial, G is azimuthal, H is axial velocity in dimen
form. These appear in the transformed ODEs.
Ω
ω= Rotation Parameter Ratio of angular velocity to stretching rate. Higher ω e
c
swirling and centrifugal forces.
Tw
Qw = Temperature Ratio Represents wall heating intensity. Appears in thermal
T∞
ary layer equations.
A Chemical Reaction Parameter Strength of nth-order chemical reaction. Controls
species consumption or generation.
Bt Batchelor Number Measures coupling of ow and magnetic eld diusion.
radial and axial magnetic eld proles.
χi Numerical Substitutions Used to reduce the system of higher-order ODEs to r
form for numerical integration.
Table 1: Extended list of dimensionless parameters with their physical interpre-
tations
Extended Dimensionless Parameters and Their Sig-
nicance