1.

Living Things and Non Living Things

1. How do plants get their food?

Plants make their own food using water, sunlight

And carbon dioxide.

2. Why do animals move from one place to another?

Animals move from one place to another in search of food, water and shelter.

3. Why do living things need food?

Living things need food to grow and food provides living things the energy to work.

4. How do plants respond to light?

Plants respond to light in many different ways.

EX: The stem of the plant grows towards sunlight

The sunflower turns in the direction of the sun.

5. Write any three points of differences between living and nonliving things.

Living Things Nonliving Things

They grow They can’t grow

They reproduce They can’t reproduce

They breathe They can’t breathe

[Link] of Matter

1. What do you mean by matter?

Anything that has mass and occupies space is called matter.

2. Write any two properties of gases.

 They do not have fixed shape or size.

 They can be compressed.

3. Name the solid and gaseous forms of water.

 Solid –Ice

 Gas –Water vapor

4. Write any two differences between solids and liquids.

Solids Liquids

 They have fixed shape and  They have fixed volume but
volume. not shape.

 They are very hard.  They are not hard.

 They cannot flow  They can flow easily.

5. Some objects float while some objects sink in water –Explain.

If an object displaces less water than its own weight, then it will sink in water. If an object
displaces more water than its own weight, then it will float on water.

[Link] and eating habits

1. Why do cows have sharp and flat front teeth?

Cow is an herbivore. They have sharp and flat front teeth to bite the grass and chew it.

2. Why do snakes swallow their food as a whole?

Snakes have teeth that cannot be used for chewing, so they swallow their food as a whole.
3. What do you mean by chewing the cud?

Cattle like cows and buffaloes etc. eat grass. These animals first swallow their food without
chewing it. After sometime, they bring back into mouth and then chew it well.

4. State one difference between carnivores and omnivores animals.

Carnivores Omnivores

Feed only on flesh of other animals. Feed both on flesh and animals and plants.

Ex: Lion, Tiger, Wolf. Ex: Human, Crow, Pig.

5. Animals have different eating habits. Hence, they have different types of teeth Explain.

 Herbivores: They have flat, strong and broad incisors. They also have flat and strong
grinding teeth.

 Carnivores: They have sharp and pointed canines to tear the flesh or meat of other
animals.

 Omnivores: They have different types of teeth like incisors, canines, molars and
premolars to eat both plant as well as the flesh of other animals.

[Link]

Give reasons

1. A duck has tiny holes in its beak.

A duck collects muddy water with insects, worms and tiny aquatic plants in its beak. Then the
muddy water flows out from the tiny holes leaving behind insects and tiny plants inside its beak
to eat.

2. Birds build nests.

Birds build nests to –

 Lay and hatch eggs

 Protect their eggs and bird lings from enemies

  Protect themselves from harsh weather and enemies.

3. Birds migrate before the onset of winter.

Birds migrate before the onset of winter to warm places to lay their eggs. They fly back with
their young ones as winter gets over.

4. An ostrich is known as a flightless bird.

Ostriches have wings but are unable to fly. So it is known as a flightless bird.

5. Parrots have short, curved beaks.

Parrots have short, curved beaks to crack seeds and nuts, to bite hard fruits and grip barks and
branches while climbing.

Question and answers

1. State the importance of upstroke and down stroke in birds.

 The downward and forward movement of wings is known as a down stroke,

which helps in the lifting the body of birds in air.

 The upward and backward movement of the wings are known as an upstroke,
which helps in preparing for another down stroke.

2. Describe the beak of a humming bird.

Hummingbirds have long and needle like beaks. They feed on nectar with the help of their long
beaks.

3. Do all birds have boat shaped bodies? How does it help the bird?

Yes, all birds have boat shaped bodies. It helps them to cut through air and fly.

4. Write the differences between perching birds and scratching birds

Perching birds Scratching Birds

  Take out insects from the bark of  Scratch soil in search of buried
trees, catching insects as they fly seeds, grains and insects.
through air.
 They have sharp and horned
 They have toes to curl around claws to dig the ground.
branches and to hold it firmly.

5. How do penguins and wearer birds build their nests? State at least two differences
between penguin’s nest and weaver bird’s nest.

Penguin’s Nest Weaver bird’s Nest

 They collect pebbles and stones  They use twigs grasses to make
on the ground to make its nest their nest.

 Their nests are built on the top  Their nests hang from a tree
of rocks which are circular in branch and looks like a bottle
shape. hanging upside down.

3. Light and shadow

Give reason for the following facts

1. We can see non-luminous objects.

Non-luminous objects reflect the light falling on them and the reflected light is sensed by our
eyes.

2. Plants need sunlight to grow.

Sunlight help plants to grow by providing energy for the process of photo synthesis to take
place.

3. A cricket ball makes a shadow on the wall when kept in front of a glowing torch.
Because, it is an opaque object that blocks the light falling on it to pass through.

4. We can see through our spectacle glasses.

Because it is a transparent object that allows light to completely pass through it.

5. Our shadows are long during morning and evening hours but short during midday or
noon.

During midday or noon, the sun is positioned above our head, that makes our shadow short,
but during the morning and evening the sun does not remain just above our head due to which
our shadows are long.

Answer the following

1. Define light

Light is a form of energy that helps us to see objects around us and is very important in all
aspects of our lives.

2. Define shadow.

A shadow is formed when something blocks the path of light from a light source.

3. Can air make shadow?

Air is a transparent medium in general. Hence it does not create a shadow. But under some
special conditions air can also make shadows.

4. What are transparent objects? Give one example.

The transparent objects are those that allow light to pass through them completely. We can see
clearly through such objects. Ex: Air, glass and clear water.

[Link] life

Define the following

 1. Creepers: The plant that have weak and thin stem and grow along the ground. Ex:
Pumpkin, water melon etc.

2. Climbers: The plant that have weak and thin stem and grow by climbing with the
help of support.

Ex: Money plant and Green pea plant.

3. Germination: The growth of a seed into a young plant or seedling.

4. Embryo: It is the part of a seed that contains the earliest forms of root, stems and
leaves of a plant.

Definitions

Lesson1

 Gills: A respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms.

 Reproduction: Living things produce young ones of their own kind.

 Stomata: Plants breathe through tiny pores called stomata present in their leaves.

 Spiracles: Insects like butterfly and cockroaches breathe through air holes.

Lesson2

 Volume: The space occupied by an object.

 Mass: The amount of matter an object has.

 Boiling: The process by which a liquid gets hot and turns into bubbles.