PREXCEL FMATHS TEST 2

Answer all questions. For your guidance the, mark allocation for parts of each question is indicated in brackets.

1. A) Find the values of the constants A and B, for which (𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵)𝑒−𝑥 is a particular integral of the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦
+ 16𝑦 = (34𝑥 + 13)𝑒−𝑥
𝑑𝑥2
Hence obtain the general solution of the differential equation
𝑑𝑦
Find, also, a particular solution for which 𝑦 = −1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 5 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥

Show that as 𝑥 increases, y lies approximately between −√5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √5

𝑑𝑦 𝜋
𝐵) 𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 , 0<𝑥< ,
𝑑𝑥 2
1 1
𝐴𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑦 = 1 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 𝜋, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑦 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 𝜋. (15 marks)
3 4

2. (a) A function 𝑓 is defined by

𝑓(𝑥) = ln(1 + 𝑒 𝑥 ).
Derive the first three non-zero terms of the Maclaurin’s series expansion of 𝑓. (3 marks)
𝑥
Using the Maclaurin’s series expansion for sin 𝑥 and ln (1 − ), or otherwise, show that
2

1 + 𝑒𝑥 𝑥
ln [ ] + ln [1 − ] 1
2 2
lim [ ]=− (𝟑 𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐬)
𝑥→0 𝑥 − sin 𝑥 4

(b) Verify that 𝑘(𝑘 + 1) is an even number ∀𝑘 ∈ ℤ (3 marks)

Hence prove that if 𝑎 and 𝑏 are odd integers(𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 ) is a multiple of 8. (3 marks)

1
3. (i) Show that the length of the curve 8(𝑦 + 𝑙𝑛𝑥) = 𝑥 2 between 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑥 = 𝑒 is (7 + 𝑒 2 ). (𝟓 𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐬)
8

Find the area of the surface of revolution obtained by rotating this curve through 2𝜋 radians about the x-axis. (7 marks)
𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1, 𝑓𝑜𝑟 |𝑥| ≤ 1
𝑐
ii) f is a real valued function defined by f(x) = { 𝑏 − 2 , 𝑓𝑜𝑟 1 < 𝑥 ≤ 2
𝑥
𝑓(𝑥 + 6), 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑥
Where a,b and c are constants. It is given that f is differentiable at x = 1 and f I(0) = f I(2).
a) Explain whether or not f is continuous at x = 1. (1 mark)
b) Find the values of a, b, and c. (5 marks)
22
c) Find 𝜇, such that f(11) + 𝜇 = f( ). (2 marks)
3

4. a) Find the five roots of the equation 𝑧 5 − 1 = 0.

Give your answers in the form 𝑟(𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 ), where – 𝜋 < 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋. (5 marks)

b) Given that the sum of all five roots of z5 - 1 = 0 is zero, show that
2𝜋 4𝜋 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠( ) + 𝑐𝑜𝑠( ) = − (𝟑 𝐦𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐬)
5 5 2
∞
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑟𝑥 4 − 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝐜) Use De Moivre’s theorem to show that ∑ = (𝟓 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
2𝑟 5 − 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
𝑟=0
d) The transformation T from the z-plane, where 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦, to the w-plane where 𝑤 = 𝑢 + 𝑖𝑣, is given by
3𝑧−2
𝑤 = . Show that the image, under T, of the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 in the z-plane is a circle C in the w-plane,
𝑧+1
stating the centre and radius of C. (4 marks)
e) Find the point that is invariant under the transformation w (2 marks)
5) Consider the function defined on the interval [0, +∞[ by 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 – 1)(2 − 𝑒 −𝑥 )
i) State the domain of 𝑓 and Determine the limit of f(x) at the boundaries of its domain (3 mark)
𝑓(𝑥)
ii) Determine the limit of at +∞ (1 mark)
𝑥
iii) Evaluate lim [f(x) – (2x – 2) ] and deduce the oblique asymptote (2 marks)
𝑥→∞
iv) Investigate the relative position of f(x) and the asymptote (2 marks)
v) Find 𝑓′(𝑥) and show that 𝑓′(𝑥) > 0 on the domain of f(x) (2 marks)
vi) Draw the variation table of f(x) and sketch f(x) (3 marks)

𝑒
6. Given that n and m are positive integers and that 𝐼𝑛,𝑚 = ∫1 𝑥 𝑛 (𝑙𝑛 𝑥 )𝑚 𝑑𝑥,
a) Find I2,2 (2 mark)
b) Show that we have (𝑛 + 1)𝐼𝑛,𝑚 = (𝑒)𝑒 𝑛 − 𝑚𝐼𝑛,𝑚−1 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛 𝜖 ℤ + 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚 𝜖 ℤ + − {0,1}. (4 mark)
𝑒
2 𝑛 𝑚
c) Given also that 𝐽 = ∫ 𝑥 (𝑙𝑛2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥,
1
2
i) Show that there exist a sequence Un such that 𝐽 = 𝑈𝑛 𝐼𝑛,𝑚 (4 mark)
ii) Show that Un is a convergent geometric progression and find its limit and sum to infinity. (4 mark)

𝑐
7. (a) Prove that the equation of the tangent at the point 𝑃 (𝑐𝑡, ) on the rectangular hyperbola 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐 2 is 𝑥 + 𝑡 2 𝑦 = 2𝑐𝑡.
𝑡
This tangent meets the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑄 and the 𝑦 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑡 𝑅. Prove that P is the mid point of QR. The line through R
parallel to the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 meets the hyperbola at T. Prove that the areas of the triangles PQS and PRT are equal. Prove,
also, that as t varies, the locus of the mid point of ST is the rectangular hyperbola 16𝑥𝑦 = 25𝑐 2 and sketch it. (13 marks)

(b)Find the tangents at the poles of the curve 𝑟 = cos(2𝜃) and sketch it. (5 marks)

8. Relative to a fixed origin O , the plane M1 passes through the points A , B and C with position vectors 𝒂 = (1, −1,2),
𝒃 = (6, −1,1), 𝒄 = (3, −2,2) respectively
A) Find the cartesian equation of the plane M (5 marks)
B) Find the shortest distance of M from the origin O. (2 marks)
C) The plane M cuts the x-axis at a point D. Find the coordinates of the point D and the vector equation of the line L joining
the points C and D (3 marks)
D) Find the angle between the line L and the plane M (3 marks)

3𝑥 ≡ 1(𝑚𝑜𝑑5)
9. A) i) Solve in ℤ, the system { (5 marks)
7𝑥 ≡ 9(𝑚𝑜𝑑11)

ii) Find the remainder when 72002 is divided by 9 (4 marks)

B) i) Show that if 𝒂 = (3,1, −2), 𝒃 = (−2, −1,1), 𝒄 = (1,5,5)𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒅 = (1, −1, −2)

𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 {𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄} form a basis ( are linearly independent) in R3 and that {𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒅} does not. (2 marks)

Ii) Express (3, 5, 3) as a linear combination𝑜𝑓 𝒂, 𝒃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒄. (5 marks)

iii) Span (express as a linear combination) the vectors 𝒂, 𝒃, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒅 (3 marks)

2𝑈𝑛 + 3 𝑈𝑛 − 1
10) 𝐴) 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑈𝑛, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ 𝑈1 = 0, 𝑈𝑛+1 = 𝑛 ≠ 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑉𝑛 =
𝑈𝑛 + 4 𝑈𝑛 + 3
i) Find 𝑉2 (3 marks)
ii) Show that 𝑉𝑛 is a geometric progression and state its common ratio (3 marks)
iii) Express 𝑉𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑈𝑛 in terms of n (3 marks)
iv) Find the limts of 𝑉𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑈𝑛 and deduce their convergence (3 marks)

𝑢0 = −2
𝐵) 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟 (𝑢𝑛) 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 { 1
𝑢𝑛+1 = 𝑢𝑛 + 3
2
8
𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤 𝑏𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 ∀ 𝑛 ∈ ℕ: 𝑢𝑛 = 6 − (𝟓 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
2𝑛