Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
Required Questions 6.1 6.6 6.27 6.33 6.43 6.61 6.68 6.73 6.81 6.91
NOTE: For this homework, you will only need to complete the problems with this mark:
C all other problems are extra/practice. Challenge questions at the end of this are much
harder.
(This is taken from the 11th edition of the book. Please answer these questions. If it seems
like there is an issue with formatting, please access the textbook to see how it is written
there.)
C 6.1 Define energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, and internal energy.
Energy: Ability to do work or cause change.
Kinetic Energy: Energy of motion.
Potential Energy: Stored energy due to position or condition.
6.4 Describe
Internal theTotal
Energy: interconversions of potential
energy of particles (kineticand kinetic energy
+ potential) within ainsystem.
a moving pendulum. A
moving pendulum eventually comes to rest. Has the energy been lost? If not, what has happened
to it?
C 6.6 Define an exothermic reaction and an endothermic reaction. Give an example of each.
Exothermic reaction: Releases heat to the surroundings.
Example: Burning wood.
6.10 Why is it important to give the states of the reactants and products when giving an equation
Endothermic
for ΔH? reaction: Absorbs heat from the surroundings.
Example: Photosynthesis.
6.23 Give chemical equations for the conversion of carbon in coal to methane, CH4.
1
Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
C 6.27 Hypothetical elements A2 and B2 react according to the following equation, forming the
compound AB.
A2(aq) + B2(aq) à 2AB(aq); ΔH° = +271 kJ/mol
If solutions A2(aq) and B2(aq), starting at the same temperature, are mixed in a coffee-cup
calorimeter, the reaction that occurs is
a exothermic, and the temperature of the resulting solution rises.
b endothermic, and the temperature of the resulting solution rises.
c endothermic, and the temperature of the resulting solution falls.
d exothermic, and the temperature of the resulting solution falls.
e exothermic or endothermic, depending on the original and final temperatures.
C 6.33 A small car is traveling at twice the speed of a larger car, which has twice the mass of
the smaller car. Which car has the greater kinetic energy? (Or do they both have the same kinetic
energy?)
6.38 A block of aluminum and a block of iron, both having the same mass, are removed from a
freezer and placed outside on a warm day. When the same quantity of heat has flowed into each
block, which block will be warmer? Assume that neither block has yet reached the outside
temperature. (See Table 6.1 for the specific heats of the metals.)
C 6.43 Methane, CH4, is a major component of marsh gas. When 0.5000 mol methane burns to
produce carbon dioxide and liquid water, –445.1 kJ of heat is released. What is this heat in
kilocalories?
2
Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
C 6.61 Phosphoric acid, H3PO4, can be prepared by the reaction of phosphorus (V) oxide,
P4O10, with water.
1/4P4O10(s) + 3/2H2O(l) à H3PO4(aq); ΔH= –96.2 kJ
What is ΔH for the reaction involving 1 mol of P4O10?
P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) à 4H3PO4(aq)
6.63 Colorless nitric oxide, NO, combines with oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide, NO2, a brown
gas.
2NO(g) + O2(g) à 2NO2(g); ΔH = –114 kJ
What is the enthalpy change per gram of nitric oxide?
4
Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
C 6.68 Ethanol, C2H5OH, is mixed with gasoline and sold as gasohol. Use the following to
calculate the grams of ethanol needed to provide 429 kJ of heat.
C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) à 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g); ΔH = –1235 kJ
6.69 You wish to heat water to make coffee. How much heat (in joules) must be used to raise the
temperature of 0.180 kg of tap water (enough for one cup of coffee) from 30 °C to 96 °C (near
the ideal brewing temperature)? Assume the specific heat is that of pure water, 4.18 J/g•°C.
5
Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
C 6.73 When 15.3 g of sodium nitrate, NaNO3, was dissolved in water in a constant-pressure
calorimeter, the temperature raised from 25.00 °C to 21.56 °C. If the heat capacity of the solution
and the calorimeter is 1071 J/ °C, what is the enthalpy change when 1 mol of sodium nitrate
dissolves in water? The solution process is
NaNO3(s) à Na+(aq) + NO3–(aq); ΔH = ?
6.77 Hydrazine, N2H4, is a colorless liquid used as a rocket fuel. What is the enthalpy change for
the process in which hydrazine is formed from its elements?
N2(g) + 2H2(g) à N2H4(l)
Use the following reactions and enthalpy changes:
N2H4(l) + O2(g) à N2(g) + 2H2O(l); ΔH = –622.2 kJ
H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) à H2O(l); ΔH = –285.8 kJ
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Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
C 6.81 Compounds with carbon–carbon double bonds, such as ethylene, C2H4, add hydrogen in
a reaction called hydrogenation.
C2H4(g) + H2(g) à C2H6(g)
Calculate the enthalpy change for this reaction, using the following combustion data:
C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) à 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l); ΔH = –1411 kJ
C2H6(g) 7/2O2(g) à 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l); ΔH = –1560 kJ
H2(g) + 1/2O2(g) à H2O(l); ΔH = –286 kJ
6.83 The cooling effect of alcohol on the skin is due to its evaporation. Calculate the heat of
vaporization of ethanol (ethyl alcohol), C2H5OH.
C2H5OH(l) à C2H5OH(g); ΔH° = ?
The standard enthalpy of formation of C2H5OH(l) is –277.7 kJ/mol and that of C2H5OH(g) is –
235.1 kJ/mol.
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Homework 5: Due 10/22/2025
Name __________________________
Student ID No. __________________
Date___________________________
C 6.91 The Group 2A carbonates decompose when heated. For example,
MgCO3(s) à MgO(s) + CO2(g)
Use enthalpies of formation (see Appendix C) and calculate the heat required to decompose 10.0
g of magnesium carbonate.