Federal Engineering Consultants Residential Building

SECTION 15545

HVAC WATER TREATMENT

Mechanical Specifications
HVAC Water Treatment
Sec. 15545 - Page 1 of 9
Federal Engineering Consultants Residential Building

SECTION 23 2500 - HVAC WATER TREATMENT

PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:
1. Cleaning of piping systems.
2. Chemical feeder equipment.
3. Chemical treatment.
4. Water Treatment
B. Related Sections:
1. Section 23 2113 - Hydronic Piping.
2. Section 23 2114 - Hydronic Specialties.
3. Section 23 0913 - Instrumentation and Control Devices for HVAC.

1.2 REFERENCES

A. BS 6700 Specification for design, installation, testing and maintenance of services supplying
water for domestic use within buildings and their curtilages
B. BSRIA AG 2/93 Water treatment for building services systems
C. BSRIA AG 1/2001.1 Pre-commission cleaning of pipework systems (2nd edition)

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: Provide chemical treatment materials, chemicals, and equipment including
electrical characteristics and connection requirements.
B. Shop Drawings: Indicate system schematic, equipment locations, and controls schematics,
electrical characteristics and connection requirements.
C. Manufacturer's Installation Instructions: Indicate placement of equipment in systems, piping
configuration, and connection requirements.
D. Manufacturer's Field Reports: Indicate start-up of treatment systems when completed and
operating properly. Indicate analysis of system water after cleaning and after treatment.
E. Certificate: Submit certificate of compliance from authority having jurisdiction indicating
approval of chemicals and their proposed disposal.
F. Project Record Documents: Record actual locations of equipment and piping, including
sampling points and location of chemical injectors.
G. Operation and Maintenance Data: Include data on chemical feed pumps, agitators, and other
equipment including spare parts lists, procedures, and treatment programs. Include step by
step instructions on test procedures including target concentrations.
H. Provide onsite inspections of equipment during scheduled or emergency shutdown to
properly evaluate success of water treatment program, and make recommendations in
writing based upon these inspections.

1.4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

A. This section covers the water treatment of heating, chilled water, hot and cold water
pipework systems.
B. The particular specification at the end of this section shall also be referred to.
C. Use a water treatment specialist, as agreed with the Engineer, for the analysis, design,
supply, installation and operation of any system cleaning and chemical treatment process.
D. Ensure the water treatment and pipe cleaning processes comply with statutory authority,
COSHH Regulations and health and safety requirements.
E. Pre-commission cleaning of heating and cooling pipework systems shall be carried out in
accordance with BSRIA Application Guide AG 1/2001.1 Pre-commission cleaning of
pipework systems.
F. The recommendations of BSRIA Application Guide AG 2/93 shall be consulted in the
selection of chemicals for corrosion control.
G. The installer shall before commencement of the works:

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1. Provide a detailed method statement within the operating and maintenance manual for
the chemical cleaning and ongoing water quality treatment for the water systems
provided under the contract. The method statement shall include the maximum agreed
Pseudomonas (cfu/l) and TVC (cfu/l) levels. These levels shall be agreed with the CA
prior to addition of any water filling of the systems
2. Prepare drawings that show the detailed provisions for incorporating the cleaning
facilities. The drawings should show the details of all temporary facilities required
3. Determine the potential for partial or phased cleaning of a system and locate suitable
isolating valves to prevent cross contamination
4. Provide details of the method by which flushing velocities are to be achieved, i.e.
pumping requirements and motor power requirement for temporary pumping facilities.
5. Agree witnessing and reporting stages for confirmation that system cleaning is being
conducted in accordance with the agreed procedure, and that the results are acceptable
6. Obtain approval from the local Water Authority for the disposal of contaminated flushing
water, and in particular, for the disposal of cleaning chemicals. If approval cannot be
obtained make preparations for removal of the waste by other means.
7. During the fabrication and installation of pipework systems, the installer shall comply
with the recommended Codes of Practice and take sufficient care to prevent the ingress
of extraneous matter.
8. Ensure that the flushing and chemical cleaning procedures are planned so that the
whole operation is carried out as a continuous process, i.e. there are no delays during
the flushing stage, or between the flushing and chemical cleaning stages. Chemical
cleaning must be carried out immediately after the pre-flush.
9. Chemical cleaning shall not be undertaken unless the system has been thoroughly
clean-water flushed to the satisfaction of the cleaning specialist.
10. Notify manufacturers and suppliers of equipment of proposed system cleaning and
chemical treatment processes. Establish for all equipment requirements of any particular
cleaning and chemical treatment process due to size of waterways or materials used.
H. All chemicals for system cleaning, corrosion inhibition and bacteria control must be selected
by a water treatment and chemical cleaning specialist and agreed with the CA prior to
commencement of the works.
I. Maintain progressive records of a staged cleaning process.
J. If existing systems are modified or extended, the water quality in the existing system shall be
checked by the water treatment specialist and the results submitted to the Engineer. Any
necessary remedial measures, as advised by the water treatment and chemical cleaning
specialist and agreed with the Engineer, shall be undertaken before connecting to new plant
or equipment.
K. Cleaning and treatment of existing systems (or new systems incorporating old pipework)
shall be advised by the water treatment and chemical cleaning specialist and agreed with the
Engineer prior to the commencement of the Works.
L. If a system has been previously dosed with chemicals establish the type and for what
purpose. Ensure that new chemicals are compatible and there is no interference or reaction
between chemicals or system materials.
M. Maintain progressive records of a staged cleaning process.
N. It is the responsibility of the installer to advise the water treatment specialist of the materials
used in the construction of the plant and systems.
O. Comply with the Local Authority requirements in undertaking cleaning / flushing activities and
disposal of used water and chemicals.

1.5 MAINTENANCE MATERIALS

A. Supply sufficient chemicals for treatment and testing during five years warranty
period.

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PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 CHEMICALS

A. Cleaning Chemicals: Chem 2005 Alkaline based cleaning chemical or equal approved
B. Passivator / Iron Stabilizer & Sequesting agent: Chem PC 10 or equal approved
C. Corrosion Inhibitors: Chem 2903 Proprietary Molybdate based corrosion inhibitors consists of
an aqueous solution of Molybdate, a pH buffer, possibly a dispersing agent, and an azole. Or
equal approved.
D. Microbiocide: Chem 651 is isothiazolone based and Chem 608 is Glutaraldehyde based wide
spectrum board range Non – Oxidising biocide suitable for close loop system or equal
approved

2.2 MANUAL DOSING SYSTEM

A. A manual chemical feeder dosing pot of 68 litre minimum capacity dosing pot shall be
installed as shown on drawings.
B. The Feeder shall be of mild steel welded construction suitable for 16 bar maximum working
pressure. It shall be supplied complete with filling valve and tundish to facilitate charging, and
all control valves. A non-return valve shall be fitted between the tundish and top filling valve to
prevent possible blow-back during filling. The capacity of the feeder shall be a minimum of 68
litres.

2.3 AUTOMATIC DOSING SYSTEM FOR CHILLED WATER SYSTEMS

A. Fully Automatic dosing systems for corrosion / scale inhibitor & biocide dosing shall be
provided for chilled water closed system as follows.
B. Positive Displacement Diaphragm pumps: Duplex (duty/standby), self-priming, rated for
intended chemical with 25 % percent safety factory for design pressure and temperature.
1. Adjustable flow rate
2. Thermoplastic construction
3. Fully enclosed, continuous duty, 230 V, 50 Hz single phase motor
4. Built – in relief valve.
C. Chemical solution Tanks: Chemical – resistant reservoirs fabricated from high density opaque
polyethylene with graduated markings.
D. Molded fiberglass cover with recess for mounting pump, agitator and liquid –level switch
1. Capacity – 230 litres

2.4 AGITATOR

A. Direct drive, 1360 rpm, mounted on tank with angle adjustment. Fully enclosed,
continuous duty. Stainless steel clamp and motor mount, with stainless-steel shaft and
propeller.
B. SOLUTION METERING PUMP
C. Positive displacement, diaphragm pump with adjustable flow rate, thermoplastic
construction, continuous-duty fully enclosed electric motor and drive, and built-in relief
valve.

2.5 LIQUID LEVEL SWITCH

A. Polypropylene housing with integrally mounted PVC air trap, receptacles for connection
to metering pump, and low level alarm.

2.6 CONDUCTIVITY CONTROLLER

A. Packaged monitor controller with solid state circuiting, five percent accuracy, linear dial
adjustment, built-in calibration switch, on-off switch and light, control function light, output to
control circuit and recorder.

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2.7 WATER METER

D. Displacement type cold water meter with sealed, tamper-proof magnetic drive, impulse
contact register, single pole, double throw dry contact switch.

2.8 SOLENOID VALVES

A. Forged brass body globe pattern, normally open or closed as required, explosion- proof and
watertight solenoid enclosure, and continuous duty coil.

2.9 TIMERS

A. Electronic timers, infinitely adjustable over full range, 150 second and five minute range,
mounted together in cabinet with hands-off-automatic switches and status lights.

2.10 TEST EQUIPMENT

A. Manufacturers:
B. Provide white enamel test cabinet with local and fluorescent light, capable of accommodating
4 - 10 ml zeroing titrating burettes and associated reagents.
C. Provide the following test kits:
1. Alkalinity titration test kit.
2. Chloride titration test kit.
3. Sulphite titration test kit.
4. Total hardness titration test kit.
5. Low phosphate test kit.
6. Conductivity bridge, range 0 - 10,000 micro-ohms.
7. Creosol red pH slide complete with reagent.
8. Portable electronic conductivity meter.
9. High nitrite test kit.

2.11 CONDENSER WATER SYSTEMS (COOLING TOWERS)

a. Provide automatic condenser water control systems for inhibitor feed, blow-down and biocide
feeds. Inhibitor application shall be meter activated, blow-down shall be conductivity activated,
and biocide shall be meter fed with blow-down locked out to ensure biocide retention time.
b. Control system shall incorporate solid state integrated circuits and digital LED displays, in
NEMA-12 steel enclosure. Provide gasketed and lockable door.
c. Base dissolved solids control on conductivity and include:
1. LED digital readout display (micro-ohm/cm).
2. Temperature compensated sensor probe adaptable to sample stream manifold.
3. High, low, normal conductance indicator lights (LED).
4. High or low conductance alarm light (flash or steady switch), trip points field adjustable. Flash
or steady switch shall have silence position.
5. Illuminated legend shall indicate "ALARM" whenever alarm condition exists.
6. Hand-off-automatic switch for solenoid bleed valve.
7. Illuminated legend shall indicate "BLEED" when valve is operated.
8. Adjustable hysteresis or dead-band (internal).
d. Base inhibitor feed control on make-up volume and include:
1. Solid state counter (1-15 field selectable).
2. Solid state timer (adjustable 1/4 to 5 minutes).
3. Test switch.
4. Hand-off-automatic switch for chemical pump.
5. Illuminated legend shall indicate "FEED" when pump is activated.
6. Solid state lock-out timer (adjustable 1/4 to 3 hours) and indicator light. Lock-out timer
shall deactivate the pump and activate alarm circuits.
7. Panel totaliser (amount of makeup), electro-mechanical type.
e. E. Biocide programmer to include:
1. 24 hour timer with 14 day skip feature to permit activation any hour of the day.

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2. Precision solid state bleed lock-out timer (0-9 hours) and biocide pump timer (0- 2-1/4
hours), clock controlled.
3. Solid state alternator to enable the use of two different formulations.
4. Digital display of the time of day (24 hours).
5. LED display of day of week (14 days).
6. Fast and slow clock set controls (internal).
7. Battery back-up so clock is not disturbed by power outages, quartz timekeeping
accuracy.
8. Hand-off-automatic switches for biocide pumps.
9. Illuminated legend shall indicate "BIOCIDE A" or "BIOCIDE B" when pump is
activated.
f. Provide water meter on system make-up, wired to control system.
g. Provide solution pumps to feed sequestering agent and corrosion inhibitor from solution tank
into condenser water supply to tower. Provide agitator as required.
h. Provide conductivity controller to sample condenser water and operate 25 mm solenoid bleed
valve and piping to blow-down controller sampler wired to open when condensing water pump
is operating.
i. Introduce biocide to tower by continuous feed with solution pump or solenoid valve on tank
(chlorine).
j. Provide liquid level switch in each solution tank to de-activate solution pump and agitator, and
signal mechanical alarm system; refer to Section 23 0913.
k. Provide 19 mm water coupon rack around circulating pumps with space for 4 test specimens.

2.12 CHLORINATION EQUIPMENT

A. Final disinfection shall be effected by chlorination of the filtered water. Chlorination shall
be provided by a modular sodium hypochlorite injection unit. The chlorine solution shall
be produced using granular sodium hypochlorite batched in a mixing tank. Dosing shall
be carried out by pumping from the dosing tank into the filter outlet pressure line prior to
discharge into clear water tank.
B. The chlorination system shall be design to provide a residual free chlorine level of 0.2-
0.3 mg/L at all times. mg/l is expected to be required with a maximum rate of 1.0 mg/l.
The dosing rates of the pumps as well as the dosing tank size are given on the Contract
Drawings.
C. In case the proposed residual concentration of free chlorine is not high enough to
prevent re-growth of bacteria in the most distant parts of the distribution system, the
proposed equipment shall be able to increase it up to approximately 1 mg/l without
causing any taste or health problems for the consumers located close to the clear water
tank.
D. Chlorination units shall be sized for an average chlorine dosage rate of 0.5 mg/l and
maximum dosage rate of 1.0 mg/l.
E. The right residual chlorine concentration after disinfection at the Water Treatment Plant
Chlorine dosing unit shall be set and later evaluated by increasing the concentration
stepwise and checking the last service point within the distribution network for residual
chlorine. If trace amounts of free chlorine are detectable in the most distant supply point,
safe operation of the whole distribution network is ensured.
F. The modular sodium hypochloride injection dosing equipment is to be installed as a
complete unit consisting of the following components:
1. Dosing pumps (1 duty + 1 stand-by).
2. Dosing Controller
3. Dosing tank
4. Electrical agitator
5. Suction line with foot valve, filter, PVC tube etc
6. Level switch controller for dry run protection with cable for empty signal
Pulsation damper
7. Pressure retention valve
8. Injection unit
9. Accessories (overflow, drain, inlet valves, pipework etc)

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PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 TECHNICAL SERVICES

A. Technical services and monitoring shall be an integral part of the Treatment Program.
As part of the total package, the water treatment specialist employed by the contractor
and shall provide on site service for the up to and for the first year following practical
completion with the following.
1. 1. Check and inspect each plant being treated.
2. 2. Discuss with the operating personnel the performance of the program.
3. 3. Review logged and analyzed system parameters.
4. 4. Take samples and analyses on site.
5. 5. Prepare on each visit a detailed handwritten report & discuss the findings with
6. the plant management.
7. 6. The frequency of service by the specialist supplier will be every 15 days.
8. 7. Provide the above up to provisional handover & 12 months thereafter.
B. The contractor shall employ the water treatment company to provide a Specialist Field
Service Engineer. The Engineer must:
1. 1. Supervise and report on the entire process of flushing, pre-cleaning and
passivation
2. as well as commissioning of the complete control equipment
3. 2. Provide regular site visits (a minimum of 24 per year). A service plan must be
4. submitted for a one year contract at time of equipment approval. The service
contract
5. upto and 12 months after preliminary handover shall form part of the specialist
scope
6. of supply. This shall start from date of condenser water / chilled water handover.
7. 3. During site visits provide the following analyses and report in writing:
10. a. pH
11. b. Electrical Conductivity at 25 Deg C
12. c. Corrosion Inhibitor Level
13. d. Total Iron as Fe++
14. e. Total suspended solids
C. The water treatment specialist employed by the contractor shall provide comprehensive
test kits for use by the client. The client’s personnel are to be trained in their use.
D. 2 times yearly test for legionella using a certified Third Party Laboratory

3.2 PIPEWORK INSPECTION

A. At a suitable period before any water system is finally filled and connected to a
permanent water supply, the Sub-Contractor shall cut two 500mm long pipe samples
from each section of each water service. The cost of obtaining these samples, testing
the same and making good shall be included by the Contractor.
B. The Engineer will arrange to have the pipe samples examined for signs of corrosion or
deterioration at the Contractors expense. Immediately prior to commissioning, all steel
pipework water services shall then be chemically cleaned by a specialist company.
C. The specialist’s method statement shall be agreed by the Engineer prior to the chemical
cleaning work proceeding.
D. The results of the internal pipe inspection shall be taken into account in the cleaning
work to be undertaken. Water analysis shall be provided after flushing to show that the
cleaning has been successful.
E. Domestic water services may need cleaning as above dependant upon results of the
pipe analysis. Costs shall be included by the Contractor

3.3 FLUSHING OUT AND CLEANING OF ALL WATER SYSTEMS

A. All pre-commissioning cleaning activities are to be in accordance with BSRIA Application

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B. Immediately after the satisfactory completion of the sectional first fix and the whole
system final fix hydraulic pressure tests, all foreign matter shall be removed and the
systems shall be flushed out.
C. Water systems shall be flushed out with clean water. Steam and gas installations shall
be scavenged with steam or compressed air.
D. Whenever possible the flushing medium shall be fed into the system at high points and
flushed out at low points on the system via suitably sized valved or plugged washout
points. In general, 15mm drain valves or cocks are not considered suitable as washout
points.
E. The flushing and cleaning medium shall be fed into the system at the highest pressure
that the system will safely withstand and be carried out for a sufficient period of time to
ensure that all foreign matter is removed.
F. The flushing shall be witnessed by the Engineer and the duration of the flushing of each
service shall be recorded by the Contractor and certified by the Engineer
G. The flushing shall be carried out by a qualified 3 rd party who will provide externally
diesel driven temporary pumps for the flushing procedure.
H. Provide adequate venting of lines to prevent air binding or restriction of flow in any
portion of the system.
I. For the flushing stage, a sump or other means shall be arranged for collection of foreign
materials.
J. Systems shall be circulated using temporary pumps of required duty to achieve >3.0
m/second pipe velocity based on the largest pipe size and complete with external
temporary bag filters of at least 450m3/hr to remove particles from the piping systems.
As a minimum the velocities set out in BSRIA Application Guide AG1/2001. The
contractor shall allow for the provision of these temporary pumps and bag filters for the
duration of flushing. The contractor shall also allow for the removal from site by tanker of
the contaminated flushing water including chemicals as required by the local authority.
K. All plant, equipment and pumps shall be bypassed during the entire flushing operation
before adding final chemical addition.
L. Supervision of the entire operation will be by the water treatment specialist supplier.
M. Immediately following the final flushing of each service the Contractor shall employ a
specialist water treatment company to take three samples of water from each service
and provide an analysis of the same to indicate whether flushing has proved successful.
Samples are to be taken in positions agreed with the Engineer.
N. Further flushing shall be undertaken until agreeable analyses are obtained indicating
that all impurities and suspended solids have been removed.
O. Any filters, meters, circulating pumps, traps, valves, controllers, non-return valves and
items of equipment which may be damaged or prevent adequate flushing shall be
removed during the flushing process.
P. On completion of the flushing, all strainer cages shall be removed and cleaned, all dirt
pockets shall be opened up and cleaned. Immediately following each flushing procedure
the pipework service, including all hot and cold domestic water services, heating
services and chilled water services shall be carefully and completely drained of all
possible water.
Q. The system is then to be refilled with clean, potable water. For Chilled Water, Chem
2005 or equal approved shall be added at a rate of 1 kgs/m3 of the system volume.
R. The system should be circulated for up to 48 hours and then drained with clean water.
S. Samples should be taken from each loop by witnessed by the Engineer. These shall be
marked with the system identifications, date and the word “Clean”.
T. If required the system shall then be passivated to ensure no fresh corrosion occurs on
the cleaned and flushed pipework.
U. Passivator Chem PC 10 (or equal approved) is added 1.0 kgs/m3 based on hold up
volume in chilled water during the Initial stage and circulated for 24 hrs for preventing
fresh corrosion during this period and stabilizing iron values.
V. For Chilled Water, to the clean water add at the end of the cleaning process Chem 2903
(or equal approved) at the rate of 1.5 kgs/m3 of system capacity. (The contractor shall
submit calculations for the system volume.)
W. For Chilled Water, after circulating for 24 hrs add Chem 651 or equal approved (50 mg/l)
and again circulate for 24 hrs.
X. Witnessed samples shall be taken for each loop for the Engineer. These shall be marked
with the system identification, date and the word “Final”.

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Y. Independent third party analysis shall be provided for Engineer's approval for the final
connection.
Z. The final water quality parameters shall meet the following requirements:
1. For Chilled Water:
a)Total Iron as Fe++: < 1 ppm
b)Total Dissolved Solids: < 500 ppm
c) pH: 8.5 ~ 10.5
d)Molybdate as MoO4: 80 ~ 100 ppm
e)Suspended Solids: < 20 ppm
f) Chloride as Cl-: < 100 ppm
AA. Installation Contractor shall provide certification showing the areas/sections treated, the
levels of chorine solution used and the results of the subsequent microbiological tests.
BB. The method of obtaining samples, sampling points, etc., shall be recorded by the
Contractor and witnessed and certified by the Engineer. The Contractor shall allow for
the samples to have tests carried out by DEWA, to confirm that the water from the
installation is suitable for human consumption and free from harmful bacteria/chemicals.
The original copy plus two additional copies of the test reports shall be forwarded to the
Engineer. The methods used to test the samples shall be in accordance with those laid
down in 'Analysis of Raw, Potable and Waste. Tests shall also include a legionella test
and analysis
CC. All costs shall be allowed as necessary and the time for the full and correct execution of
these clauses shall be allowed for within the Contract Period.
DD. In the event of chlorination tests not receiving the approval, the Contractor shall flush
out, re-chlorinate and test as previously specified and allowance shall be made in the
Tender for this and any further re-tests which may be necessary.
EE. Immediately following sterilisation and when a permanent water supply is available to
each service and drainage is available, all possible air shall be removed from the
systems and the systems shall thereafter be maintained full at all times.

END OF SECTION 232500

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