Functions in Python
Functions in Python are reusable blocks of code that perform a
specific task. They help organize code, improve readability, and
allow for reuse. Python provides built-in functions like print(),
len(), and sum(), and also allows you to define custom functions.
1. Defining a Function
A function is defined using the def keyword:
def greet():
print("Hello, World!")
2. Calling a Function
Invoke a function by using its name followed by parentheses:
greet() # Output: Hello, World!
3. Function with Parameters
Parameters allow passing values into a function:
def greet(name):
print(f" Hello, {name}!")
greet("Alice") # Output: Hello, Alice!
4. Function with Return Value
Functions can return values using the return keyword:
def add(a, b):
return a + b
result = add(3, 5)
print(result) # Output: 8
Common Python Built-in Functions
Function
[Link] Purpose / Explanation Example Code Output
Name
Displays output on the
1 print() print("Hello") Hello
screen
name = input("Enter
2 input() Takes input from the user User input
name: ")
Returns the length of a
3 len() len("Python") 6
string, list, or tuple
Returns the data type of a
4 type() type(10) <class 'int'>
value
5 int() Converts value to integer int("25") 25
6 float() Converts value to float float("3.5") 3.5
7 str() Converts value to string str(100) "100"
8 list() Converts data into a list list((1,2,3)) [1, 2, 3]
9 tuple() Converts data into a tuple tuple([1,2,3]) (1, 2, 3)
10 set() Converts data into a set set([1,1,2]) {1, 2}
Returns the sum of
11 sum() sum([1,2,3]) 6
elements
12 max() Returns the largest value max(10, 20, 5) 20
Returns the smallest
13 min() min(10, 20, 5) 5
value
Returns absolute
14 abs() abs(-7) 7
(positive) value
Raises a number to a
15 pow() pow(2,3) 8
power
16 round() Rounds a number round(3.6) 4
17 sorted() Sorts elements sorted([3,1,2]) [1, 2, 3]
Sample Coding’s in Python Functions:
1. Program using print()
print("Welcome to Python Programming")
2. Program using input() and print()
name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello", name)
3. Program using len()
word = "Python"
print("Length of word:", len(word))
4. Program using type()
a = 10
b = 3.5
c = "Python"
print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
5. Program using int(), float(), and str()
num1 = int("20")
num2 = float("5.5")
num3 = str(100)
print(num1)
print(num2)
print(num3)
6. Program using list(), tuple(), and set()
data = [1, 2, 2, 3]
print(list(data))
print(tuple(data))
print(set(data))
7. Program using sum(), max(), and min()
marks = [75, 80, 90, 65]
print("Total:", sum(marks))
print("Highest:", max(marks))
print("Lowest:", min(marks))
8. Program using abs()
num = -25
print("Absolute value:", abs(num))
9. Program using pow()
print("Power value:", pow(2, 4))
10. Program using round()
num = 3.76
print("Rounded value:", round(num))
11. Program using sorted()
numbers = [4, 1, 3, 2]
print("Sorted list:", sorted(numbers))