# SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER

## SCIENCE (086)

## CLASS X (2024-25)

**Time Allowed: 3 Hours**

**Maximum Marks: 80**

### General Instructions:

(i) This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.

(ii) All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A
student is expected to attempt only one of these.

(iii) Section A consists of 20 Objective Type questions carrying 1 mark each.

(iv) Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 2 marks each. Answers to these questions
should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.

(v) Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 3 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.

(vi) Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 5 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.

(vii) Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 4 marks each with sub-
parts.

(viii) There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions.

(ix) 50% marks are allotted to competency-based questions.

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### SECTION A

(Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the questions
1-20. There is no negative mark for incorrect response.)

1. Which of the following is a decomposition reaction?

(A) CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂

(B) 2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl

(C) Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu

2. The pH of a solution is 3. What is the nature of the solution?

(A) Strongly acidic

(B) Weakly acidic

(C) Neutral

(D) Basic

3. Which metal is used in thermite reaction for welding railway tracks?

(A) Iron

(B) Aluminium

(C) Copper

(D) Zinc

4. In human beings, the process of gaseous exchange occurs in:

(A) Alveoli

(B) Nephrons

(C) Villi

(D) Stomata

5. The hormone responsible for the 'fight or flight' response is:

(A) Insulin

(B) Thyroxin

(C) Adrenaline

(D) Auxin

6. The phenomenon where light bends when passing from one medium to another is called:

(A) Reflection

(B) Refraction

(C) Dispersion

(D) Scattering
7. The defect of vision where distant objects are seen clearly but near objects are blurred is:

(A) Myopia

(B) Hypermetropia

(C) Presbyopia

(D) Astigmatism

8. In an ecosystem, the 10% law is related to:

(A) Energy transfer

(B) Biomagnification

(C) Ozone depletion

(D) Biodegradation

9. Identify the balanced chemical equation:

(A) 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

(B) H₂ + O₂ → H₂O

(C) 2H₂ + 2O₂ → 2H₂O

(D) H₂ + 2O₂ → 2H₂O

10. Washing soda is:

(A) NaHCO₃

(B) Na₂CO₃·10H₂O

(C) CaOCl₂

(D) NaCl

11. Non-metals generally form:

(A) Cations

(B) Anions

(C) Both

(D) Neither
12. The site of photosynthesis in plants is:

(A) Chloroplast

(B) Mitochondria

(C) Nucleus

(D) Ribosome

13. Tropism in plants is controlled by:

(A) Enzymes

(B) Hormones

(C) Vitamins

(D) Minerals

14. The power of a lens is measured in:

(A) Watts

(B) Dioptres

(C) Joules

(D) Metres

15. The sky appears blue due to:

(A) Reflection

(B) Refraction

(C) Dispersion

(D) Scattering

16. Biodegradable wastes include:

(A) Plastics

(B) Vegetable peels

(C) Polythene

(D) Glass

**Questions 17 to 20 are Assertion-Reason type questions.**

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(B) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

(C) A is true but R is false.

(D) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion (A): Dilute acids conduct electricity.

Reason (R): They produce H⁺ ions in solution.

18. Assertion (A): Metals are sonorous.

Reason (R): They have high density.

19. Assertion (A): Reflex actions are automatic responses.

Reason (R): They involve the brain for processing.

20. Assertion (A): Convex mirrors are used as rear-view mirrors in vehicles.

Reason (R): They provide a wider field of view.

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### SECTION B

(Questions 21 to 26 are very short answer type questions carrying 2 marks each.)

21. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and
hydrochloric acid.

22. Differentiate between metals and non-metals on the basis of malleability and ductility.

23. Explain the role of villi in the small intestine.

24. What is phototropism? Give an example.

26. Name two biodegradable and two non-biodegradable substances.

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### SECTION C

(Questions 27 to 33 are short answer type questions carrying 3 marks each.)

27. Explain the types of chemical reactions with one example each for combination and
decomposition.

28. Describe the preparation of bleaching powder and mention two uses.

29. How do non-metals react with oxygen? Give examples.

30. Describe the process of transpiration in plants and its significance.

31. Explain the feedback mechanism in hormone regulation with an example.

32. Derive the lens formula for a convex lens.

33. What is biomagnification? Explain with an example.

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### SECTION D

(Questions 34 to 36 are long answer type questions carrying 5 marks each.)

34. (a) Explain the steps involved in balancing a chemical equation with an example.
 OR

(b) Discuss the corrosion of metals and methods to prevent it.

35. (a) Describe the human digestive system with a labelled diagram.

OR

(b) Explain the structure and function of nephron in the human excretory system.

36. (a) Describe the defects of vision: myopia and hypermetropia, with ray diagrams and corrections.

OR

(b) Explain the phenomenon of rainbow formation and atmospheric refraction.

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### SECTION E

(Questions 37 to 39 are case-based/source-based type questions carrying 4 marks each.)

37. Read the following and answer any FOUR questions from (i) to (iv):

In an experiment, a student observes that when zinc metal is added to copper sulphate solution,
the blue colour fades and a reddish-brown deposit forms.

(i) What type of reaction is this? (1 mark)

(ii) Write the balanced chemical equation. (1 mark)

(iii) Why does this reaction occur? (1 mark)

(iv) What would happen if iron is used instead of zinc? (1 mark)

OR

(iv) What is the reactivity series? (1 mark)

38. Read the following and answer any FOUR questions from (i) to (iv):

The human nervous system consists of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
The brain and spinal cord form the CNS.

(i) What is a synapse? (1 mark)

(ii) Differentiate between sensory and motor neurons. (2 marks)

(iii) Explain reflex arc. (1 mark)

(iii) What is the role of cerebellum? (1 mark)

39. Read the following and answer any FOUR questions from (i) to (iv):

An ecosystem includes biotic and abiotic components. Energy flows from producers to consumers.

(i) Define food chain. (1 mark)

(ii) What is the role of decomposers? (1 mark)

(iii) Explain the 10% energy law. (2 marks)

OR

(iii) What is ozone depletion and its cause? (2 marks)