React Problem Solution Code

Levels 1 & 2: Problems 1–10

These cover the basic syntax of useState, useEffect, and useRef.

1. The Simple Counter

JavaScript

function Counter() {
const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
return (
<div>
<p>Count: {count}</p>
<button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>Increment</button>
<button onClick={() => count > 0 && setCount(count -
1)}>Decrement</button>
</div>
);
}

2. The Input Mirror

JavaScript

function InputMirror() {
const [text, setText] = useState("");
return (
<div>
<input type="text" onChange={(e) => setText([Link])} />
<h1>{text}</h1>
</div>
);
}
3. Visibility Toggle
JavaScript

function Toggle() {
const [isVisible, setIsVisible] = useState(true);
return (
<div>
<button onClick={() => setIsVisible(!isVisible)}>Show/Hide</button>
{isVisible && <p>Now you see me!</p>}
</div>
);
}

4. Background Switcher
JavaScript

function ColorSwitcher() {
const [color, setColor] = useState("white");
return (
<div style={{ backgroundColor: color, height: "100vh" }}>
<button onClick={() => setColor("blue")}>Blue</button>
<button onClick={() => setColor("red")}>Red</button>
</div>
);
}

5. Auto-Focus Input
JavaScript

function AutoFocus() {
const inputRef = useRef(null);
 useEffect(() => {
[Link]();
}, []); // Empty array means this runs once on mount
return <input ref={inputRef} placeholder="I focus on load" />;
}

6. Document Title Sync

JavaScript

function TitleSync() {
const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
useEffect(() => {
[Link] = `Count: ${count}`;
}, [count]); // Only runs when count changes
return <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>Update Title</button>;
}

7. The Live Clock

JavaScript

function Clock() {
const [time, setTime] = useState(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());
useEffect(() => {
const timer = setInterval(() => {
setTime(new Date().toLocaleTimeString());
}, 1000);
return () => clearInterval(timer); // Cleanup is vital!
}, []);
return <h2>{time}</h2>;
}

8. Window Width Tracker

JavaScript

function WindowWidth() {
const [width, setWidth] = useState([Link]);
useEffect(() => {
const handleResize = () => setWidth([Link]);
[Link]("resize", handleResize);
return () => [Link]("resize", handleResize);
}, []);
return <p>Window Width: {width}px</p>;
}

9. The Persistent Name

JavaScript

function PersistentName() {
const [name, setName] = useState(() => [Link]("name") ||
"");
useEffect(() => {
[Link]("name", name);
}, [name]);
return <input value={name} onChange={(e) => setName([Link])}
/>;
}

10. Click Counter (No Render)

JavaScript

function RefCounter() {
const clickCount = useRef(0);
const handleTap = () => { [Link]++; };
const showTotal = () => { alert(`Total clicks: ${[Link]}`); };
return (
 <div>
<button onClick={handleTap}>Tap (No UI update)</button>
<button onClick={showTotal}>Show Total</button>
</div>
);
}

Moving into Level 3 & 4 (Problems 11–20), the complexity increases.

We are now focusing on Immutability (never modifying state directly)
and managing more complex data like arrays and API responses.

Levels 3 & 4: Problems 11–20

11. The Simple Todo List
JavaScript

function TodoList() {

const [todos, setTodos] = useState([]);

const [input, setInput] = useState("");

const addTodo = () => {

if (input) {

setTodos([...todos, { id: [Link](), text: input }]); // Spread

operator

setInput("");

};
 return (

<div>

<input value={input} onChange={(e) => setInput([Link])} />

<button onClick={addTodo}>Add</button>

<ul>{[Link](t => <li key={[Link]}>{[Link]}</li>)}</ul>

</div>

);

12. Item Deleter

JavaScript

// Use the todos from #11

const deleteTodo = (id) => {

setTodos([Link](todo => [Link] !== id)); // Filter creates a new

array

};

13. The Checklist (Updating Objects in Arrays)

JavaScript

function Checklist() {
 const [items, setItems] = useState([{ id: 1, text: "Buy Milk", done:
false }]);

const toggleDone = (id) => {

setItems([Link](item =>

[Link] === id ? { ...item, done: ![Link] } : item

));

};

return (

<ul>

{[Link](item => (

<li key={[Link]} onClick={() => toggleDone([Link])}

style={{ textDecoration: [Link] ? 'line-through' : 'none' }}>

{[Link]}

</li>

))}

</ul>

);

14. Multi-Input Form (Single Object)

JavaScript

function MultiForm() {

const [form, setForm] = useState({ firstName: "", lastName: "", email:

"" });

const handleChange = (e) => {

setForm({ ...form, [[Link]]: [Link] });

};

return (

<form>

<input name="firstName" onChange={handleChange}

placeholder="First Name" />

<input name="lastName" onChange={handleChange}

placeholder="Last Name" />

<p>{[Link]} {[Link]}</p>

</form>

);

15. Search Filter

JavaScript
function SearchFilter() {

const names = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie", "David"];

const [query, setQuery] = useState("");

const [filtered, setFiltered] = useState(names);

useEffect(() => {

setFiltered([Link](n =>
[Link]().includes([Link]())));

}, [query]);

return (

<div>

<input onChange={(e) => setQuery([Link])}

placeholder="Search..." />

{[Link](n => <p key={n}>{n}</p>)}

</div>

);

16. The "Previous" State

JavaScript

function PrevState() {
 const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

const prevCountRef = useRef();

useEffect(() => {

[Link] = count; // Updates AFTER render

}, [count]);

return (

<h1>Now: {count}, Before: {[Link]}</h1>

);

17. API Data Fetcher

JavaScript

function Fetcher() {

const [posts, setPosts] = useState([]);

useEffect(() => {

fetch('[Link]

.then(res => [Link]())

.then(data => setPosts([Link](0, 5)));

 }, []);

return <ul>{[Link](p => <li key={[Link]}>{[Link]}</li>)}</ul>;

18. Loading & Error States

JavaScript

function SafeFetcher() {

const [data, setData] = useState(null);

const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);

const [error, setError] = useState(null);

useEffect(() => {

fetch('[Link]

.then(res => [Link]())

.then(setData)

.catch(setError)

.finally(() => setLoading(false));

}, []);

if (loading) return <p>Loading...</p>;

 if (error) return <p>Error!</p>;

return <div>{[Link](data)}</div>;

19. The Debounced Input

JavaScript

function Debounce() {

const [val, setVal] = useState("");

useEffect(() => {

const handler = setTimeout(() => [Link]("Searching for:", val),

500);

return () => clearTimeout(handler); // Clear if user types again within

500ms

}, [val]);

return <input onChange={(e) => setVal([Link])} />;

20. Video Player Controller

JavaScript

function VideoPlayer() {
 const videoRef = useRef(null);

return (

<div>

<video ref={videoRef} width="250" src="sample.mp4" />

<button onClick={() => [Link]()}>Play</button>

<button onClick={() => [Link]()}>Pause</button>

</div>

);

Moving into Level 5 & 6 (Problems 21–30), we are getting into more
sophisticated territory. These solutions deal with timing, external browser
APIs, and using useRef as a "storage" that doesn't trigger renders.

Levels 5 & 6: Problems 21–30

21. The Countdown Timer
JavaScript

function Countdown() {

const [seconds, setSeconds] = useState(60);

const [isActive, setIsActive] = useState(false);

 useEffect(() => {

let interval = null;

if (isActive && seconds > 0) {

interval = setInterval(() => setSeconds(s => s - 1), 1000);

return () => clearInterval(interval);

}, [isActive, seconds]);

return (

<div>

<h1>{seconds}</h1>

<button onClick={() => setIsActive(true)}

disabled={isActive}>Start</button>

</div>

);

22. Syncing Tabs (Storage Event)

JavaScript

function TabSync() {

const [msg, setMsg] = useState("");

 useEffect(() => {

const handleStorage = (e) => {

if ([Link] === "sync-msg") setMsg([Link]);

};

[Link]("storage", handleStorage);

return () => [Link]("storage", handleStorage);

}, []);

const update = (val) => {

setMsg(val);

[Link]("sync-msg", val);

};

return <input value={msg} onChange={(e) => update([Link])} />;

23. Click Outside to Close

JavaScript

function Dropdown() {

const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false);

const menuRef = useRef();

 useEffect(() => {

const closeMenu = (e) => {

if ([Link] && )

setIsOpen(false);

};

[Link]("mousedown", closeMenu);

return () => [Link]("mousedown", closeMenu);

}, []);

return (

<div ref={menuRef}>

<button onClick={() => setIsOpen(!isOpen)}>Toggle Menu</button>

{isOpen && <ul><li>Option 1</li><li>Option 2</li></ul>}

</div>

);

24. The Character Limit

JavaScript

function TweetBox() {

const [text, setText] = useState("");

 const limit = 280;

const isOver = [Link] > limit;

return (

<div>

<textarea value={text} onChange={(e) => setText([Link])} />

<p style={{ color: isOver ? 'red' : 'black' }}>

{limit - [Link]} characters left

</p>

</div>

);

25. The Fetch "Abort"

JavaScript

useEffect(() => {

const controller = new AbortController();

fetch(url, { signal: [Link] })

.then(res => [Link]())

.then(setData)

.catch(err => { if ([Link] !== 'AbortError') [Link](err); });

 return () => [Link](); // Cleanup cancels the fetch

}, [url]);

26. The Scroll-to-Bottom

JavaScript

function Chat() {

const [messages, setMessages] = useState(["Hi!"]);

const endRef = useRef(null);

useEffect(() => {

[Link]?.scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth" });

}, [messages]);

return (

<div style={{ height: '200px', overflowY: 'scroll' }}>

{[Link]((m, i) => <p key={i}>{m}</p>)}

<div ref={endRef} />

</div>

);

}
27. The "Is First Render" Flag
JavaScript

function OnlyUpdate() {

const [count, setCount] = useState(0);

const isFirstRender = useRef(true);

useEffect(() => {

if ([Link]) {

[Link] = false;

return;

[Link]("Effect ran on update, not mount!");

}, [count]);

return <button onClick={() => setCount(c => c + 1)}>Increment</button>;

28. The Interval Stop/Start (Ref for ID)

JavaScript

function Stopwatch() {
 const [time, setTime] = useState(0);

const timerRef = useRef(null);

const start = () => {

if ([Link]) return;

[Link] = setInterval(() => setTime(t => t + 1), 100);

};

const stop = () => {

clearInterval([Link]);

[Link] = null;

};

return (

<div>

<h1>{time}</h1>

<button onClick={start}>Start</button>

<button onClick={stop}>Stop</button>

</div>

);

}
29. Form Validation Trigger (On Blur)
JavaScript

function ValidateBlur() {

const [email, setEmail] = useState("");

const [error, setError] = useState("");

const touched = useRef(false);

const validate = (val) => {

if (![Link]("@")) setError("Invalid email");

else setError("");

};

return (

<input

value={email}

onChange={(e) => {

setEmail([Link]);

if ([Link]) validate([Link]);

}}

onBlur={() => {
 [Link] = true;

validate(email);

}}

/>

);

30. Image Lazy Loader

JavaScript

function LazyImage({ src }) {

const [visible, setVisible] = useState(false);

const imgRef = useRef();

useEffect(() => {

const observer = new IntersectionObserver(([entry]) => {

if ([Link]) setVisible(true);

});

[Link]([Link]);

return () => [Link]();

}, []);
 return <div ref={imgRef}>{visible ? <img src={src} /> : "Loading..."}</div>;

Now we move into Level 7 & 8 (Problems 31–40). This is where you
become a truly efficient React developer by learning to abstract logic.
Instead of writing complex useEffect blocks inside your components, you’ll
create reusable tools.

Levels 7 & 8: Problems 31–40 (Custom Hooks)

31. useToggle
JavaScript

function useToggle(initialValue = false) {

const [value, setValue] = useState(initialValue);

const toggle = () => setValue(v => !v);

return [value, toggle];

// Usage

const [isModalOpen, toggleModal] = useToggle();

32. useLocalStorage
JavaScript
function useLocalStorage(key, initialValue) {

const [storedValue, setStoredValue] = useState(() => {

const item = [Link](key);

return item ? [Link](item) : initialValue;

});

const setValue = (value) => {

setStoredValue(value);

[Link](key, [Link](value));

};

return [storedValue, setValue];

33. useFetch
JavaScript

function useFetch(url) {

const [data, setData] = useState(null);

const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);

useEffect(() => {
 fetch(url)

.then(res => [Link]())

.then(d => { setData(d); setLoading(false); });

}, [url]);

return { data, loading };

34. useKeyPress
JavaScript

function useKeyPress(targetKey) {

const [keyPressed, setKeyPressed] = useState(false);

useEffect(() => {

const downHandler = ({ key }) => { if (key === targetKey)

setKeyPressed(true); };

const upHandler = ({ key }) => { if (key === targetKey)

setKeyPressed(false); };

[Link]("keydown", downHandler);

[Link]("keyup", upHandler);

return () => {
 [Link]("keydown", downHandler);

[Link]("keyup", upHandler);

};

}, [targetKey]);

return keyPressed;

35. useOnlineStatus
JavaScript

function useOnlineStatus() {

const [isOnline, setIsOnline] = useState([Link]);

useEffect(() => {

const online = () => setIsOnline(true);

const offline = () => setIsOnline(false);

[Link]("online", online);

[Link]("offline", offline);

return () => {

[Link]("online", online);

[Link]("offline", offline);
 };

}, []);

return isOnline;

36. The Multi-Step Form

JavaScript

function MultiStep() {

const [step, setStep] = useState(1);

const [formData, setFormData] = useState({ name: "", email: "" });

return (

<div>

{step === 1 && <input onChange={e => setFormData({...formData,

name: [Link]})} />}

{step === 2 && <input onChange={e => setFormData({...formData,

email: [Link]})} />}

<button onClick={() => setStep(s => s - 1)}>Back</button>

<button onClick={() => setStep(s => s + 1)}>Next</button>

</div>

);
}

37. Dependent Selects

JavaScript

function DependentSelects() {

const data = { USA: ["NY", "LA"], Canada: ["Toronto", "Vancouver"] };

const [country, setCountry] = useState("USA");

const [city, setCity] = useState("");

useEffect(() => {

setCity(data[country][0]); // Reset city when country changes

}, [country]);

return (

<select onChange={e => setCountry([Link])}>

{[Link](data).map(c => <option key={c}>{c}</option>)}

</select>

);

38. The "Undo" Feature

JavaScript
function UndoInput() {

const [text, setText] = useState("");

const history = useRef([]);

const handleUpdate = (val) => {

[Link](text);

if ([Link] > 5) [Link]();

setText(val);

};

const undo = () => {

if ([Link] > 0) setText([Link]());

};

return (

<>

<input value={text} onChange={e => handleUpdate([Link])} />

<button onClick={undo}>Undo</button>

</>

);

}
39. Infinite Scroll Trigger
JavaScript

function InfiniteList() {

const observerTarget = useRef(null);

const [page, setPage] = useState(1);

useEffect(() => {

const observer = new IntersectionObserver(entries => {

if (entries[0].isIntersecting) setPage(p => p + 1);

}, { threshold: 1.0 });

if ([Link]) [Link]([Link]);

return () => [Link]();

}, []);

return (

<div>

{/* List items here */}

<div ref={observerTarget} style={{ height: '10px' }}>Loading

more...</div>

</div>
 );

40. The Dark Mode Theme

JavaScript

function useTheme() {

const [theme, setTheme] = useState([Link]("theme") ||

"light");

useEffect(() => {

[Link] = theme;

[Link]("theme", theme);

}, [theme]);

const toggleTheme = () => setTheme(t => t === "light" ? "dark" : "light");

return { theme, toggleTheme };

Here are the final 10 problems (Level 9 & 10). These focus on
professional-grade patterns: performance optimization, advanced
browser APIs, and state-logic debugging.
Levels 9 & 10: Problems 41–50 (Mastery)
41. The Mouse Tracker
JavaScript

function MouseTracker() {

const [position, setPosition] = useState({ x: 0, y: 0 });

useEffect(() => {

const handleMove = (e) => setPosition({ x: [Link], y: [Link] });

[Link]("mousemove", handleMove);

return () => [Link]("mousemove", handleMove);

}, []);

return <p>Mouse at: {position.x}, {position.y}</p>;

42. Virtualized List Prep (Height Calculation)

JavaScript

function MeasureContainer() {

const containerRef = useRef();

const [height, setHeight] = useState(0);

useEffect(() => {
 if ([Link]) {

setHeight([Link]().height);

}, []);

return <div ref={containerRef} style={{ height: '50vh' }}>Container height:

{height}px</div>;

43. The Throttled Scroll

JavaScript

function ScrollProgress() {

const [scroll, setScroll] = useState(0);

const throttling = useRef(false);

useEffect(() => {

const handleScroll = () => {

if (![Link]) {

[Link] = true;

setTimeout(() => {

const totalHeight = [Link] -

[Link];
 setScroll(([Link] / totalHeight) * 100);

[Link] = false;

}, 100); // Only update state every 100ms

};

[Link]("scroll", handleScroll);

return () => [Link]("scroll", handleScroll);

}, []);

return <div style={{ width: `${scroll}%`, height: '5px', background: 'blue',

position: 'fixed' }} />;

44. Memoized Factorial

JavaScript

function FactorialCalculator() {

const [num, setNum] = useState(1);

const [otherState, setOtherState] = useState(false);

// useMemo prevents re-calculation when 'otherState' changes

const result = useMemo(() => {

[Link]("Calculating...");
 const fact = (n) => (n <= 1 ? 1 : n * fact(n - 1));

return fact(num);

}, [num]);

return (

<div>

<input type="number" value={num} onChange={e =>

setNum(Number([Link]))} />

<p>Result: {result}</p>

<button onClick={() => setOtherState(!otherState)}>Toggle Other

State</button>

</div>

);

45. The Form "Dirty" State

JavaScript

function UnsavedChanges() {

const [text, setText] = useState("");

const isDirty = useRef(false);

useEffect(() => {
 const warning = (e) => {

if ([Link]) [Link]();

};

[Link] = [Link] ? warning : null;

}, [text]);

return <input value={text} onChange={e => { setText([Link]);

[Link] = true; }} />;

46. useMediaQuery
JavaScript

function useMediaQuery(query) {

const [matches, setMatches] =

useState([Link](query).matches);

useEffect(() => {

const media = [Link](query);

const listener = () => setMatches([Link]);

[Link]("change", listener);

return () => [Link]("change", listener);

}, [query]);
 return matches;

47. The Search Cache

JavaScript

function CachedSearch() {

const [query, setQuery] = useState("");

const [results, setResults] = useState([]);

const cache = useRef({});

const search = async () => {

if ([Link][query]) {

setResults([Link][query]);

return;

const res = await fetch(`[Link]

const data = await [Link]();

[Link][query] = data; // Store in ref

setResults(data);

};
}

48. useWhyDidYouUpdate (The Debugger)

JavaScript

function useWhyDidYouUpdate(name, props) {

const prevProps = useRef();

useEffect(() => {

if ([Link]) {

const allKeys = [Link]({ ...[Link], ...props });

const changes = {};

[Link](key => {

if ([Link][key] !== props[key]) {

changes[key] = { from: [Link][key], to: props[key] };

});

if ([Link](changes).length) [Link](`[Update in ${name}]`,

changes);

[Link] = props;

});

}
49. The Animation Trigger
JavaScript

function FadeIn() {

const domRef = useRef();

const [isVisible, setVisible] = useState(false);

useEffect(() => {

const observer = new IntersectionObserver(entries => {

[Link](entry => setVisible([Link]));

});

[Link]([Link]);

}, []);

return (

<div ref={domRef} className={`fade-in-section ${isVisible ? 'is-visible' :

''}`}>

I fade in when you see me!

</div>

);

}
50. The "Master" useInterval
JavaScript

function useInterval(callback, delay) {

const savedCallback = useRef();

useEffect(() => {

[Link] = callback;

}, [callback]);

useEffect(() => {

if (delay !== null) {

const id = setInterval(() => [Link](), delay);

return () => clearInterval(id);

}, [delay]);