SECTION 3

21 D
22 F
23 H
24 B
25 C
26 A
27 reference
28 products
29 computers
30 knowledge sharing
Section 1
(0:00 - 0:14)

for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work. All
the recordings will be played once only. The test is in four sections.

(0:15 - 0:32)

Write all your answers in the listening question booklet. At the end of the test you will be given
10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer sheet. Now turn to section 1 on page 2 of your
question booklet.

(0:37 - 1:29)

Section 1. You will hear a telephone conversation between a man who works for a library
service and a woman who wants to join a library. First, you have some time to look at questions
1 to 5 on page 2. You will see that there is an example that has been done for you. On this
occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played first.

(1:32 - 1:51)

Good morning, library services. Oh, good morning. My family and I have recently moved to the
area and we'd like to find where our nearest library is.

We don't have a car. Right, so whereabouts are you? In Perton, in the west. Fine, so I'll just get
the details on screen for you.

(1:54 - 2:11)

The woman is asking about libraries in the west of the area, so west has been written in the
space. Now we shall begin. You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not
hear the recording a second time.

(2:12 - 2:39)

Listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 5. Good morning, library services. Oh, good morning.
My family and I have recently moved to the area and we'd like to find where our nearest library
is.

We don't have a car. Right, so whereabouts are you? In Perton, in the west. Fine, so I'll just get
the details on screen for you.

(2:40 - 2:57)

OK, your nearest one is the Minack Library. Minack? Yes, in Skellen Street. Can you spell that?
It's S-K-E-L-L-A-R-N Street.

(2:58 - 3:14)

Got that. It's very easy to find because it's beside a park. Oh, I think I know that area.
There's a sports centre near there, isn't there? I don't know of one. Oh, I'm probably mistaken.
Anyway, it's probably a bit far for us to walk from home.

(3:14 - 3:37)

Are there any buses? Yes, it's well-served by public transport. There's a stop about five minutes'
walk away. Oh, right.

And when does the library open? We'll most often want to come at the weekend. I'm afraid it's
not open on Sunday. Saturday? Opens at 9 o'clock, closes at 4.30. We shut at 5 on weekdays.

(3:38 - 3:48)

That's fine. Now, I've got two kids, 14 and 9, and I wondered whether you have any special
activities for them. In our last place, we had an art club.

(3:49 - 4:13)

Well, the library does run a drama club, but that would only be suitable for your younger child.
It's open for 5 to 13-year-olds. A pity it's not open to both of them.

Have you anything they could both go to? Well, there's no reading club that would suit them
both. Oh, but there's a singing club that's held every second Saturday afternoon for children of
all ages up to 16. Excellent.

(4:17 - 5:17)

Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 6 to 10 on
page 2. Now listen and answer questions 6 to 10. Now, because we're new to the area, I'm also
wanting to get involved in local activities. Well, Minack does some sessions for adults as well.

There's a book of the month club. That's good. And I know that about once every 12 months,
they have a session where you can meet artists, you know, from the local area.

(5:17 - 5:31)

How interesting. Well, that sounds like a full programme. Now, while I'm on the phone, can I
check what the facilities are? Can you take out CDs? Not CDs, I'm afraid, but films, yes.

(5:31 - 5:51)

Right. I'll make a note of that. Anything else you need to know? Oh, yes.

We have 10 computers and we also stock several magazines, including business, healthcare
and hobbies. Same as my last place. And there is a new drop-off facility where you can post any
item through the door if it's after hours.

(5:51 - 6:01)

All you have to do is attach a note to it with the number on your card clearly written. That sounds
good. And we do have a small shop on the premises where we sell postcards.

(6:02 - 6:07)
We don't have many, but it's a popular service. Oh, that's a good idea. They're very popular.

(6:07 - 6:23)

We also have an impressive range of maps of the surrounding area for sale. Well, it sounds like
you've got... That is the end of section one. You now have half a minute to check your answers.

Section 2
(6:27 - 6:43)

Section two. You will hear the organiser of a family camp talking to a group of people who will be
staying at a campsite. First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 16 on page three.

(7:14 - 7:27)

Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 16. Hello, everyone. And welcome to this
orientation session prior to our camp next week.

(7:27 - 7:52)

Thank you for coming along to find out what you and your children will be doing on this year's
camp. To start off with, let's tell you a bit about the campsite itself so that you'll be able to find
your way around once you get there. Firstly, we'll be arriving by bus into the car park, which if
you look at the plan you have in front of you, you'll see at the top of the picture on the left-hand
side.

(7:53 - 8:12)

Now, if you cross the road from the car park, the first building you'll come to is the toilet block.
It's been recently upgraded, so it's very nice and clean in there now with plenty of facilities. And
built onto that, so this is across the road from the community hall, is the new shower block.

(8:13 - 8:37)

The hot water does run out occasionally, but usually there's enough to cope with a group your
size. If you now move to the bottom left of your map, among the pine trees, there is a special flat
site set up for pitching tents with power points and outdoor taps for water. Now, let's go back
and move along the top of your map.

(8:37 - 9:09)

There's another area of pine forest, and then over on the far right-hand side, there's a block of
small cabins. Note that this is different from the main accommodation block, which doesn't
appear on this map, but is further over again to the right. Now let's look down from there, over
the road, so we're moving clockwise around your map, okay? In this next block, beside the
flower beds, we have a lovely place for barbecues, where you can cook in the open air.

(9:10 - 9:32)

What else to tell you about? Below the flower bed and across Lakeside Drive, you'll see a trail
for mountain biking, which is always a popular activity. Moving on now, in the middle of the
campsite, you'll see the lake where you can canoe. And above that again, the community hall.
(9:33 - 10:13)

So that completes your introduction to the campsite. I hope you found that useful. Before you
hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 17 to 20 on page 4. Now listen
and answer questions 17 to 20.

(10:17 - 10:30)

Now let's think about what you need to bring with you. I'm sure you're all wondering what you
need to pack. The lake is a bit cold for swimming at this time of year, so you can leave your togs
out of the suitcase.

(10:31 - 10:43)

While we're on the subject of weather too, usually I recommend that campers bring sunblock
with them. But I guess now that we're into April, that too can be left behind. Ah, let me think.

(10:44 - 11:08)

Some campers like a torch, but actually the days are still so long that it's light outside till quite
late, and the blocks all have outside lighting now. So I'd say that a pair of earplugs are more
useful, as in my experience, a lot of talking goes on after light's out. But in April, if it's wet, it can
get muddy around the campsite, so to bring boots isn't a bad idea.

(11:10 - 11:23)

Finally, can you all please prepare something for the final night concert? Bring your musical
instruments or whatever else you need. You can't have a camp without a good sing-along.
That's our favourite activity.

(11:23 - 11:38)

Maybe you could recite a poem, act out a skit or charades for us if you're brave enough to try
that. Or failing that, perhaps you can tell a joke or a funny story. But actually, people much
prefer to see some good dancing.

(11:39 - 12:03)

I'll look forward to seeing you all perform next week. That is the end of Section 2. You now have
half a minute to check your answers.

Section 3
Right, Lina. On the whole, your essay on Just Coffee was well researched and made a much
better impression on me than your last assignment. Several of you chose to write about Just
Coffee, in fact, so I feel I've learnt a lot about the company too.

Good. But I was a bit disappointed with the grade I was given. Where did I go wrong?

It was an interesting choice of company, and it gave you a lot to say, but you could have
expressed it better in places. It sounded a bit informal at times.

Oh, dear.
But I have to say, you obviously put more time into the planning stage this time.

Yes, I did. In my last essay, I didn't really think about how the essay should develop, which
meant I ended up repeating a lot of details.

Well, you can see how helpful planning is now. However, a couple of other points also let you
down. Although your profile covered the five main areas we asked you to research, operation,
products, shareholders, objectives, and mission statement, you should have spent more time on
layout. Just making sure that it looks professional.

Sorry about that. I'm still not 100% confident with the graphics software.

Okay. It was also handed in after the deadline. That automatically means you're penalized.
However, it was very satisfactory on the whole. Read my notes at the end, but I'd like to run
through a few minor points with you too.

Fine.

So, just coffee. You cover the company's operation well, but I think you could have added more
about how the company supports the communities where the coffee is produced. They focus on
this a lot in their advertising.

You mean in practical terms?

Yes. I was thinking specifically of the fact that it offers producers up to 60% of the value of the
coffee in advance of delivery.

Which makes it possible for them to cover startup equipment and employment costs in the field.

Precisely. And you mentioned that Just Coffee pays its growers more than the standard global
rate. but you didn't quote any precise figures.

It's double, isn't it? I know it's very generous.

Triple, in fact. And apparently it pays a premium to growers who produce organic crops, too.

I didn't know that.

Well, it's too late to include that now, but you really ought to have done a bit more research on
the impact of the company on its local growers.

I did mention how some coffee producers in Haiti are producing enough coffee to sell to other
markets, too.

Yes, I remember that. But in Peru, the company suggested that farmers experiment with
different kinds of coffee at different altitudes. That's an interesting development, and it would
have been good to mention it.

I didn't know about that. Can you give me some information about it?

Yes, we've got a collection of articles on Just Coffee in a folder here, which I'll give you in a
minute.

___

Now, talking of reference materials.

I think Just Coffee is a very interesting company, so I'd like you to compile a reference document
to add to the department's library file.

Oh, okay. What should it include?

Well, it would be useful to say something about their range of products. How many are there on
the market at the moment?

Eight in total.

Okay. A quick description of each one.

And what about a section on the local profit and how it's used to help the local community? I
thought that was interesting.

It's a bit of a diversion, but why not? If I remember correctly, it's used to purchase computers,
among other things.

Yes, that's right. It's great that the profit is plowed back like that. Lots of customers buy their
products for that reason alone.

You're right. Okay. And say something about the most important advantage for producers who
work with Just Coffee. Would you say that it's the trading partnership?

In all the literature, the term they use is knowledge sharing. So perhaps I should quote that. It's
called that because the company doesn't only buy the coffee from the suppliers, it also gives
them advice on market conditions and export strategies.

Good. I'll give this some more thought and drop a brief for you to work with. There's no rush for
this, so don't worry.

Okay, thanks.

Section 4
(18:18 - 18:34)

Now turn to section four on page seven. Section four. You will hear a lecturer giving a talk to
some engineering students about ethics and engineering.

(18:35 - 19:39)

First, you have some time to look at questions thirty-one to forty on page seven. Now listen
carefully and answer questions thirty-one to forty. Good afternoon.

(19:40 - 20:08)

Today we're starting a series of lectures on ethics in engineering, that is, engineering principles
relating to right and wrong conduct, and the sorts of moral responsibilities that you will have to
uphold in your professional lives. I'm going to start by giving you a brief outline of the history of
ethics in engineering. It was, of course, only in the 19th century that engineering really emerged
as a profession.
(20:09 - 20:42)

Initially, ethical issues were considered to be a personal matter, something to be decided in

(20:43 - 21:04)

All three of these involved the collapse of bridges. The first, known as the Ashtabula River
Railroad Disaster, happened in 1876 in the USA, and we now think it was probably caused by
metal fatigue. Then in 1879 there was a second disaster, this time in Scotland.

(21:05 - 21:20)

This occurred because engineers had failed to correctly calculate the effects that wind would
have on the structure. The third collapse occurred in 1907 in Canada. This was also due to an
engineering design problem.

(21:20 - 21:49)

The weight of the structure was so great that it could not support itself, and it collapsed. Public
outcry over disasters such as these eventually led to the establishment of professional societies
for engineers in most industrializing societies. Another different type of disaster also had an
impact on the development of professional engineering organizations, and I'd like to talk about
this in a little more detail.

(21:50 - 22:09)

This incident, which happened early in the twentieth century, is known as the Boston Molasses
Disaster. At the time, molasses was used rather than sugar as the principal sweetener in the
USA. It was also used in the manufacture of a number of other important products.

(22:10 - 22:32)

One company in the city of Boston had a large amount of molasses waiting to be transferred to
another factory. The molasses, more than eight million liters of thick, sticky liquid, was stored in
a tank. Suddenly this collapsed, unleashing a wave of molasses up to five meters high.

(22:32 - 22:48)

Nearby buildings were swept off their foundations and crashed to the ground. The wave also
swept away a considerable stretch of railway track. Many streets round the factory were covered
with a thick layer of sticky brown molasses.

(22:53 - 23:16)

Local residents were furious, as they felt that the company was to blame. They banded together
and succeeded in bringing about a trial, charging the company with negligence. After three
years, the company was found responsible for the accident and required to pay out in damages
the equivalent of six or seven million dollars in today's money.
(23:17 - 23:36)

Even today, no one is absolutely sure about the immediate causes of the accident. However, it
is certainly clear that not enough safety tests were carried out. Had these been done in
accordance with the standards now applicable, then the accident would almost certainly have
been prevented.

(23:37 - 24:05)

It seems that the collapse was probably brought about by fermentation of the molasses, which
led to an increase in pressure. This increase probably exerted too much force against a fatigue
crack or some other weakness. However, this was one of the main incidents which led to
increased legislation in the 1920s to regulate engineers and the engineering profession.

(24:05 - 24:25)

It is the reason why we can now only operate if we have gained a license. This requires us
always to be conscientious about doing everything necessary to avoid disasters. However time-
consuming or expensive this may sometimes seem.

(24:26 - 25:15)

Let's move on now to another… That is the end of Section 4. You now have half a minute to
check your answers. That is the end of the listening test. You now have 10 minutes to transfer
your answers to the listening answer sheet.