Question: 1

_______, also known as the 'brain' of the computer, performs data

Question: 2

Which number system is used by computers to process data?

A Decimal

B Binary

C Octal

D Hexadecimal

E Ternary

Question: 3

Which of the following is an example of system software?

A Microsoft Word

B Windows operating system

C Microsoft Excel

D Google Chrome

E Adobe Photoshop

Question: 4

Which of the following is an example of non-volatile memory?

A RAM
B Cache memory
C ROM
D Registers
E CPU

Question: 5

Which of the following is the full form of LAN?

A Local Area Network

Question: 6

Which of the following protocols is primarily used to transfer files

A Internet Protocol
B HyperText Transfer Protocol
C File Transfer Protocol
D Ethernet Protocol
E Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Question: 7

Which function in Excel can be used to find the average value of a

A AVERAGE

B MEAN

C AVG

D MEDIAN

E None of the above

Question: 8
In MS Word, which key combination is used to open the "Find and
Replace" dialog box?

A Ctrl + Shift + H

B Ctrl + R
C Ctrl + G

D Ctrl + H
E Ctrl + F

Question: 9
Which shortcut key combination is used to start a slide show from
the beginning in MS - PowerPoint?

A F5

B F7

C F9

D F11

E F12

Question: 10

Which is a standalone malware computer program that replicates

Question: 11

Firewalls are generally used to protect against _____________-.

Question: 12

Which shortcut key is used to delete a file permanently in Windows?

A Shift + Delete
B Delete

C Backspace

D F2

E None of the above

Question: 13
To undo your last action in MS-Office, press:

A Control P

B Control S

C Control N

D Control Z

E None of the above

Question: 14
The two-factor authentication used in online banking involves:

A User ID and Password

B Password and OTP

C User ID and Biometric Authentication

D Password and Transaction ID

E Security Token and PIN

Question: 15

Light pen and joystick are examples of which of the following?

A Algorithm
B Input Devices
C Output Devices
D Printing Device

E None of the above

Question: 16
Which of the following technologies is primarily associated with 4th
generation computers?
A Vacuum Tubes
B Transistors
C Integrated Circuits (ICs)
D Very large-scale integration (VLSI)

E Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Question: 17
Which types of data are commonly stored in a database?

A Images and graphical data

B Text files and documents

C Multimedia content such as audio and video

D All of the above

E None of the above

Question: 18

Which of the following is an Open source operating system?

A MS-DOS

B iOS

C Linux

D Windows

E Internet explorer

Question: 19

Which email service is operated by Microsoft?

A Yahoo Mail
B Outlook
C Gmail
D iCloud Mail

E None of the above

Question: 20
Portrait and Landscape are options of:
A Paper Size
B Page Orientation
C Page Layout
D Page Margins
E None of the above

Correct Answer is
Central Processing Unit
References
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is referred to as the "brain" of
the computer because it is responsible for performing all data
processing tasks. The CPU executes instructions, performs
calculations, and manages data flow within the system, enabling the
computer to function efficiently.
Important Key Points:
1. The CPU is composed of two primary components:
the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) for calculations and the Control
Unit (CU) for instruction management.
2. It interprets and executes instructions from software applications
and the operating system.
3. Modern CPUs have multiple cores, enabling parallel processing for
improved performance.
Knowledge Booster:
· Motherboard: The main circuit board that connects all hardware
components but does not process data itself.
· Memory: Refers to storage components like RAM and ROM, which
temporarily or permanently store data but do not execute
instructions.
· RAM: A type of volatile memory that stores data temporarily for
quick access by the CPU.

Correct Answer is
Binary

References
 The Binary Number System is used by computers to process data.
Computers operate using bits (0s and 1s) because they function
on electronic circuits that recognize two voltage levels—
representing ON (1) and OFF (0). All complex operations, including
arithmetic calculations and logical operations, are performed using
binary.
Important Key Points:
1. Binary System (Base-2): Uses two digits (0 and 1) and is
the foundation of all computing operations.
2. Decimal System (Base-10): Used by humans for everyday
arithmetic but not directly used by computers.
3. Octal System (Base-8): Sometimes used as a shorthand for
binary, grouping three binary digits into one octal digit.
4. Hexadecimal System (Base-16): Used for memory
addressing and representing large binary numbers in a
compact form.
5. Ternary System (Base-3): Although not commonly used in
modern computing, it was explored in early experimental
computers.
Knowledge Booster:
 Binary Logic Gates: Computers use AND, OR, NOT, NAND,
NOR, XOR gates to process binary data.
 Memory & Storage: Hard drives, RAM, and processors store
and process information in binary.
 Machine Language: The lowest level of programming
consists of binary instructions executed by the CPU.
 Conversion: Binary numbers can be converted into decimal,
octal, and hexadecimal for readability.
 Floating-Point Representation: Computers use IEEE 754
standard to represent real numbers in binary format.

 Correct Answer is
 Windows operating system

 References
 System software includes operating
systems like Windows, Linux, and macOS, which manage
computer hardware and software resources and provide services for
application software. Windows OS is a classic example, acting as a
bridge between hardware and user applications.
Important Key Points:
1. System Software Purpose: Acts as a platform for other
software to function.
2. Examples: Windows OS, Linux, and macOS are primary
examples of system software.
3. Distinction from Application Software: Application software
like Microsoft Word and Excel is designed for specific tasks.
4. Core Functions: Includes file management, resource allocation,
 and hardware control.
5. User Interface: Provides GUIs (Graphical User Interfaces) for
easier interaction.
Knowledge Booster:
· Other Types of System Software: Utility software (e.g.,
antivirus, disk cleanup tools) and device drivers.
· Popular OS Versions: Windows 10/11, macOS Ventura, and Linux
Ubuntu.
· System Software Evolution: The first operating systems were
developed in the 1950s for mainframe computers.
· Middleware: Connects system software with applications for
seamless integration

 Correct Answer is
 ROM
 References
 ROM (Read-Only Memory) is an example of non-volatile memory,
meaning it retains data even when the power is turned off.
Important Key Points
1. RAM and Cache Memory are volatile, meaning they lose data
when powered off.
2. Registers and CPU are part of the processor, not storage.
Knowledge Booster
· Non-Volatile Memory: Used to store essential system data that
must persist even after the system is powered off.

 Correct Answer is
 Local Area Network
 References
 LAN stands for Local Area Network, which connects computers
within a limited area like a home, school, or office.
Important Key Points:
1. LANs typically cover a small geographical area.
2. Commonly used in homes, schools, and businesses.
3. Allows for fast data transfer rates.
Knowledge Booster:
· WAN: Stands for Wide Area Network, covering large geographical
areas.
· MAN: Stands for Metropolitan Area Network, typically spans a city.
· PAN: Stands for Personal Area Network, used for personal device
connections.

 Correct Answer is
 File Transfer Protocol
 References
 The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is specifically designed to
transfer files between computers over a network, including the
internet. FTP establishes a connection between a client and a
server, allowing users to upload or download files securely.
Important Key Points:
1. Primary Purpose: FTP is widely used to transfer files, enabling
users to send and receive data between devices on a network.
2. Client-Server Model: It operates on a client-server model,
where a user (client) can connect to a server for file transfer.
3. Security Protocols: Many FTP services now use FTP over
SSL (FTPS) or Secure FTP (SFTP) for secure file transfer.
Knowledge Booster:
· Internet Protocol (IP): IP is responsible for addressing and
routing packets across networks but does not handle file transfer
directly.
· HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP): Primarily used for
transferring web pages over the internet, it’s not specialized for file
transfers.
· Ethernet Protocol: This protocol defines networking standards for
local area networks (LANs) and is not involved in file transfers.
· Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP): Used for sending
emails, SMTP is not designed for file transfer between computers.

 Correct Answer is
 AVERAGE

 References
 The AVERAGE function in Excel calculates the arithmetic mean of a
range of cells, dividing the sum of all values by the number of
values. It’s a fundamental statistical tool in Excel.
Important Key Points:
1. Syntax: =AVERAGE(range).
2. Usage: Handles both numbers and cell references.
3. Error Handling: Ignores empty cells or those with non-numeric
data.
Knowledge Booster:
· MEAN/AVG: Not actual Excel functions.
· MEDIAN: Finds the middle value, not the average.

Correct Answer is
Ctrl + H

References
 The shortcut key Ctrl + H is used to open the "Find and
Replace" dialog box in Microsoft Word. This feature allows users to
find specific words or phrases in a document and replace them
efficiently.
Important Key Points:
1. Find and Replace: This feature helps users quickly replace
words, phrases, or special characters in a document.
2. Shortcut Usage: Pressing Ctrl + H directly opens the "Find
and Replace" dialog box.
3. Find (Ctrl + F) vs. Replace (Ctrl + H):
o Ctrl + F: Opens the Find function to search for words.
o Ctrl + H: Opens the Replace function to find and
replace text.
4. Advanced Options: Users can perform case-sensitive
searches, use wildcards, or match whole words.
5. Navigation Pane: Ctrl + F in newer versions of MS Word
(2010 and later) opens the Navigation Pane instead of the
Find dialog box.
Knowledge Booster:
 Ctrl + R: Aligns text to the right in MS Word.
 Ctrl + G: Opens the Go To dialog box for quick navigation
within a document.
 Ctrl + Shift + H: Applies hidden formatting to text in MS
Word.
 Find and Replace in Excel: Similar to Word, Ctrl + H works
for Find and Replace in MS Excel as well.
 Wildcard Characters: The Find and Replace function
supports wildcards like * (matches multiple characters) and ?
(matches a single character).

 Correct Answer is
 F5

 References
 In Microsoft PowerPoint, pressing the F5 key starts the
slideshow from the very beginning. This is one of the most
commonly used shortcut keys in PowerPoint for delivering
presentations efficiently.
Important Key Points:
1. Shortcut Key F5:
o Starts the slideshow from slide 1 regardless of which slide is
currently selected.
o Useful for beginning presentations directly in slideshow mode.
2. Other Related Shortcuts:
o Shift + F5: Starts the slideshow from the current slide instead of
the beginning.
o Esc: Exits the slideshow and returns to the editing view.
 Knowledge Booster:
• Options Clarified:
o F7: Used for spell check in Microsoft PowerPoint.
o F9: Typically refreshes data in some Microsoft applications but
has no specific role in PowerPoint slideshows.
o F11: Commonly used to toggle full-screen mode in browsers, not
related to PowerPoint slideshows.
o F12: Opens the "Save As" dialog box in Microsoft Office
applications.
• Shortcut Tips for Presentations:
o Using shortcuts like F5 and Shift + F5 saves time during live
presentations or practice runs.
o Familiarity with PowerPoint shortcuts can improve productivity and
ease of use.

 Correct Answer is
 Computer worms
 References
 A computer worm is a type of standalone malware program that
replicates itself to spread to other computers. Unlike viruses, worms
do not need to attach themselves to existing programs or files. They
exploit vulnerabilities in network security to propagate themselves
across networks.
· Important Key Points:
1. Computer worms replicate themselves to spread across
computers without needing to attach to other programs.
2. Viruses typically require human intervention or attachment to a
host program to spread.
3. Firewalls help prevent unauthorized access to or from a private
network.
· Knowledge Booster:
. Worms vs. Viruses: Worms are self-replicating and can spread
without human action, while viruses usually require a host file to
propagate.

 Correct Answer is
 Unauthorized Access
 References
 A firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls
incoming and outgoing network traffic. It is primarily used to
prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network by
creating a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted
external networks, such as the internet.
Important Key Points:
1. Firewalls enforce security rules based on predefined policies to
 block or allow specific traffic.
2. They protect against hacking attempts, unauthorized access, and
data breaches.
3. Firewalls can be hardware-based, software-based, or a
combination of both.
Knowledge Booster:
· Fire Attacks: Not related to network security; the term is
unrelated.
· Data Driven Attacks: Firewalls can mitigate some forms of data-
driven attacks, but their primary role is blocking unauthorized
access.
· Virus Attacks: Firewalls can filter traffic to reduce risks, but
antivirus software is more specific for this purpose.

 Correct Answer is
 Shift + Delete

 References
 The shortcut key Shift + Delete is used to permanently delete a
file in Windows without moving it to the Recycle Bin. This is different
from the regular Delete key, which moves the file to the Recycle
Bin where it can still be restored.
Important Key Points:
1. Recycle Bin: The Recycle Bin temporarily stores deleted files,
and they can be restored unless permanently deleted.
2. Permanently Deleting Files: When a file is permanently
deleted, it is removed from the file system and cannot be easily
recovered without specialized software.
3. Undo Delete: Files deleted with the Delete key can often be
restored from the Recycle Bin, while those deleted with Shift +
Delete require more complex recovery methods.
Knowledge Booster:
· Shift + Delete: This key combination is used for permanently
deleting files, bypassing the Recycle Bin.
· Delete: When you press the Delete key, the file is moved to the
Recycle Bin, allowing recovery if needed.
· Backspace: The Backspace key is generally used for navigation
or deleting text, not files.
· F2: The F2 key is a shortcut for renaming a selected file, not
deleting it.

Correct Answer is
Control Z

References
Control Z is used to undo the last action in MS Office.
Important Key Points:
1. Undo Functionality: The Control Z command is a universal
shortcut in most applications, including MS-Office, to reverse
the last action taken.
2. Error Correction: This feature is particularly useful for
quickly correcting mistakes without the need for complex
procedures.
3. Multiple Undo Actions: In many applications,
pressing Control Z repeatedly will continue to undo multiple
actions in reverse order.
4. User Efficiency: Utilizing keyboard shortcuts like Control
Z enhances productivity by allowing for faster navigation and
task completion.
Knowledge Booster:
o Control P: This command is used for printing the current
document.
o Control S: This command saves the current document to
prevent data loss.
o Control N: This command creates a new document or file in
most MS-Office applications.

Correct Answer is
Password and OTP

References
Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) enhances security by requiring
users to verify their identity using two different authentication
factors. In online banking, a password is the first factor, and
an OTP sent to a registered mobile number or email is the second
factor.
Important Key Points:
1. Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Enhances security by
requiring two forms of verification (something you know +
something you have).
2. Common 2FA Methods in Banking:
o Password (Knowledge Factor) – Something only the
user knows.
o OTP (Possession Factor) – Sent via SMS, email, or an
authentication app.
3. Other Forms of Authentication:
o Biometric Authentication (Fingerprint, Face ID)
o Security Tokens (Hardware devices generating codes)
 o Smart Cards (Physical cards for secure access)
4. RBI Guidelines: Many banking regulations require 2FA for
online transactions to prevent fraud.
Knowledge Booster:
 Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Uses three or more
factors (e.g., Password + OTP + Biometric).
 TOTP vs. OTP:
o OTP is a randomly generated one-time password.
o TOTP (Time-Based OTP) changes after a specific time
(e.g., Google Authenticator).
 Hardware Tokens: Devices like YubiKey provide secure
authentication for banking and corporate accounts.
 Phishing Protection: 2FA reduces phishing risks, as
attackers need access to both credentials and the second
factor.

 Correct Answer is
 Input Devices
 References
 Light pens and joysticks are examples of input devices. These
devices are used to provide data or instructions to a computer
system. A light pen allows users to interact with the screen directly,
while a joystick is typically used for gaming and control applications.
Important Key Points:
1. Input Devices: Devices that send data to a computer system for
processing. Examples include keyboards, mice, light pens, and
joysticks.
2. Light Pen: Detects screen coordinates by sensing the light
emitted from the monitor.
3. Joystick: Used to control cursor movement or provide directional
input, commonly in games.
Knowledge Booster:
· Output Devices: Devices like monitors and printers that display
or produce results from processed data.
· Printing Devices: Devices such as printers used to produce
physical copies of documents or images.
· Algorithms: A set of instructions or rules for solving a problem,
unrelated to hardware components.

Correct Answer is
Very large-scale integration (VLSI)

References
Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) is primarily associated with
4th generation computers. VLSI allowed millions of transistors to be
embedded on a single chip, which drastically improved the power
 and capabilities of computers.
Important Key Points
1. Vacuum Tubes and Transistors were used in earlier
generations.
2. Integrated Circuits (ICs) were part of the 3rd generation.
3. VLSI marked a significant leap in computer technology during the
4th generation.
Knowledge Booster
· VLSI enabled the development of microprocessors, revolutionizing
computing by making computers faster and more efficient.

Correct Answer is
All of the above

References
Databases are versatile systems used to store a wide variety of data
types, including images and graphical data, text files and
documents, and multimedia content like audio and video.
Modern databases are designed to handle structured, semi-
structured, and unstructured data efficiently.
Important Key Points:
1. Images and Graphical Data: Often stored in databases for
applications like image repositories, graphic design, and
medical imaging.
2. Text Files and Documents: Commonly used for storing
textual content, such as reports, records, and web content.
3. Multimedia Content: Databases can store and manage
audio, video, and animation files, useful in media and
entertainment industries.
Knowledge Booster:
 Relational Databases: Use structured formats like tables for
data storage (e.g., MySQL, PostgreSQL).
 NoSQL Databases: Handle unstructured data like multimedia
and logs (e.g., MongoDB, Cassandra).
 Data Management: Databases ensure easy retrieval, secure
access, and efficient storage of diverse data types.

 Correct Answer is
 Linux

 References
 Linux is a free, open-source operating system whose source code is
accessible to anyone. It is widely used in servers, embedded
systems, and desktop environments due to its stability, flexibility,
and community support.
 Important Key Points:
1. Customizability: Users can modify the source code to create
personalized versions or distributions (e.g., Ubuntu, Debian,
Fedora).
2. Security: Linux is known for its robust security and minimal
susceptibility to malware compared to proprietary systems.
3. Low Cost: Being open source, Linux eliminates licensing fees,
making it ideal for enterprises and developers.
4. Applications: Linux powers web servers (Apache,
Nginx), supercomputers, and IoT devices.
5. Community Support: A vibrant developer community ensures
regular updates and fixes.
Knowledge Booster:
· Linux Kernel: Developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991.
· Popular Distributions: Ubuntu (user-friendly), CentOS
(enterprise-grade), Kali Linux (security testing).
· Usage in Enterprises: Cloud services like AWS, Google Cloud,
and Azure extensively use Linux.
· Comparison: Unlike Windows or macOS, Linux has no centralized
vendor, giving users full control over customization.

 Correct Answer is
 Outlook
 References
 Outlook is an email service provided by Microsoft, and it is part of
the Microsoft 365 suite.
Important Key Points:
1. Outlook by Microsoft: Outlook is used for sending and receiving
emails, as well as managing calendars, tasks, and contacts.
2. Email Services: Other common email services include Yahoo
Mail by Yahoo, Gmail by Google, and iCloud Mail by Apple.
Knowledge Booster:
· Yahoo Mail: Yahoo Mail is an email service provided by Yahoo,
known for its free and large storage capacity, but it is not operated
by Microsoft.
· Gmail: Gmail is a web-based email service provided by Google,
known for its tight integration with other Google services
like Google Drive and Google Calendar.
· iCloud Mail: iCloud Mail is part of the iCloud services offered
by Apple and is primarily used by Apple device users for syncing
emails across iOS and macOS devices.

 Correct Answer is
 Page Orientation
 References
 Portrait and Landscape are options under Page Orientation in
MS Word. Portrait orientation is vertical,
while Landscape orientation is horizontal.
Important Key Points
1. Portrait is the default orientation for most documents.
2. Landscape is used when a wider layout is needed, such as for
tables or images.
Knowledge Booster
 • Paper Size refers to dimensions like A4 or Letter.
 • Page Layout is a broader category that includes margins,
orientation, size, etc.