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Practical Lab Session R Data Structures

The document provides an overview of data structures in R, including vectors, matrices, arrays, data frames, and lists. Each structure is defined, accompanied by example code and output, highlighting their specific uses in data analysis and programming. Vectors are one-dimensional, matrices are two-dimensional, arrays can be multi-dimensional, data frames are tabular with varied data types, and lists can store different data types and structures.

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6 views3 pages

Practical Lab Session R Data Structures

The document provides an overview of data structures in R, including vectors, matrices, arrays, data frames, and lists. Each structure is defined, accompanied by example code and output, highlighting their specific uses in data analysis and programming. Vectors are one-dimensional, matrices are two-dimensional, arrays can be multi-dimensional, data frames are tabular with varied data types, and lists can store different data types and structures.

Uploaded by

tugasmelody
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Practical Lab Session: Vector, Matrix, Array, Data Frame, and List in R

1) Vector (1D Structure)


Definition: A vector is a one-dimensional structure that stores elements of the same data
type.

Program:
v1 <- c(10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

mean(v1)

Output:
[1] 10 20 30 40 50

[1] 30

Comment: Vectors store same data type. They are the basic building block in R.

2) Matrix (2D Structure)


Definition: A matrix is a two-dimensional structure with rows and columns. All elements
must be the same data type.

Program:
m1 <- matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6), nrow=2, byrow=TRUE)

m1

sum(m1)

Output:
[,1] [,2] [,3]

[1,] 1 2 3

[2,] 4 5 6

[1] 21

Comment: Matrix is useful for mathematical operations and linear algebra.

3) Array (Multi-Dimensional)
Definition: An array can have more than two dimensions. Matrix is a special case of array.

Program:
arr1 <- array(1:8, dim=c(2,2,2))
arr1

Output:
,,1

[,1] [,2]

[1,] 1 3

[2,] 2 4

,,2

[,1] [,2]

[1,] 5 7

[2,] 6 8

Comment: Arrays are used in simulations and multi-dimensional data analysis.

4) Data Frame (Tabular Data)


Definition: A data frame is a table where columns can have different data types.

Program:
df1 <- [Link](

Name=c("Ali","Sara","John"),

Age=c(20,22,21),

Grade=c("A","B","A")

df1

Output:
Name Age Grade

1 Ali 20 A

2 Sara 22 B

3 John 21 A

Comment: Data frame is mainly used in data analysis and machine learning.

5) List (Flexible Structure)


Definition: A list can store different data types and structures.
Program:
list1 <- list(

numbers=c(1,2,3),

matrix=matrix(1:4,nrow=2),

text="Hello"

list1

Output:
$numbers

[1] 1 2 3

$matrix

[,1] [,2]

[1,] 1 3

[2,] 2 4

$text

[1] "Hello"

Comment: Lists are used to store complex outputs like model results.

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