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Answer 61

The document discusses a mathematical proof involving linear algebra, specifically focusing on the relationship between the kernels of matrices and the Rank-Nullity Theorem. It outlines a lemma and provides strict proof steps to demonstrate that the dimension of the null space of the sum of two matrices is equal to the intersection of their individual null spaces. Additionally, there is a comment suggesting that problems should be posted without immediate solutions to encourage reader engagement.

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Telugu Badi
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64 views4 pages

Answer 61

The document discusses a mathematical proof involving linear algebra, specifically focusing on the relationship between the kernels of matrices and the Rank-Nullity Theorem. It outlines a lemma and provides strict proof steps to demonstrate that the dimension of the null space of the sum of two matrices is equal to the intersection of their individual null spaces. Additionally, there is a comment suggesting that problems should be posted without immediate solutions to encourage reader engagement.

Uploaded by

Telugu Badi
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Art of Problem Solving AoPS Online Beast Academy AoPS Academy

College Math E Remove V New Topic


ker(A²) and ker(A) G H J
linear algebra L B Bookmark N Reply
Dec 8, 2025, 12:48 PM • 1 Y VPM #1
EthanWYX2009
1145 posts
Let . Show that: if and , then

Dec 8, 2025, 12:50 PM • 1 Y VPM #2


EthanWYX2009
### **1. Lemma**
1145 posts
**Lemma:** If , then .
**Proof:** It is trivial that . By the Rank-Nullity Theorem:

Since the dimensions are equal and one subspace is contained within the other, we have
.

---

### **2. Strict Proof Steps**

We aim to prove that . This is equivalent to showing that the


dimension of the null space of the sum is the intersection of the individual null spaces under
the given conditions.

#### **Step 1: Prove **


Let . Then and .
Thus, .
Therefore, .

#### **Step 2: Prove **


Let . Then:

Multiply both sides of (1) on the left by :

Given , we have:

This implies . Applying our **Lemma** ( ), we get:

Substitute back into equation (1):

Thus, and , which means .


#### **Step 3: Conclude using Rank-Nullity Theorem**
From the previous steps, we have established:

By the Rank-Nullity Theorem:

Using the subspace dimension formula


:

Since , it follows that .


Likewise, .
Because the kernels are "large enough" to contain the images of the other matrix, we have:

(The sum of these subspaces spans the entire space, so ).

Substituting into equation (2):

Dec 8, 2025, 4:38 PM VPM #3


loup blanc
@EthanWYX2009, When you post a problem, don't give the solution at the same time. Wait
3710 posts
for readers to write up a solution,
especially if the exercise isn't difficult.
Since , we may assume that

, where is invertible and .

implies that , that is, ; implies that


, that is .
Finally , and we are done

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