Problem Set 2: Diesel Cycle
1. A four-cylinder compression-ignition engine with a compression
ratio of 18 has pistons with a bore of 3.5 in. and a stroke of 3.9
in. The air pressure at the beginning of compression is 14.6 psia,
and the temperature is 1oooF. The engine may be modeled by the air-
standard Diesel cycle. The maximum cycle temperature is 3060oR. If
the engine produces 100 hp, determine (a) the heat supplied per
cylinder; (b) the thermal efficiency; (c) the rpm required.
2. An air-standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 14. The
maximum and minimum cycle temperatures are 2940•R and 540 R, and
the minimum pressure is 14.7 psia. Determine (a) the cycle
efficiency; (b) the change of entropy during heat addition; (c)
the change of availability per unit mass during the expansion
process.
3. An air-standard Diesel-cycle engine operates on 1 ft3 of air at
14.5 psia and 140oF. The compression ratio is 14, and the cutoff
is 6.2% of the stroke. Determine (a) the temperatures and pressures
around the cycle; (b) the net work; (c) the heat added; (d) the
efficiency.
4. A one-cylinder Diesel engine operates on the air-standard cycle
and receives 27 Btu/rev. The inlet pressure is 14.7 psia, the inlet
temperature is 90oF, and the volume at bottom dead center is 1.5
ft3• At the end of compression, p2 = 500 psia. Determine (a) the
cycle state points; (b) the power if the engine runs at 300 rpm;
(c) the mean effective pressure.
5. A four -cylinder engine with a 3. 7 5-in. bore and a 3.4-in. stroke
has a 7% clearance. The engine rotates at 2500 rpm. The conditions
at the beginning of compression are 65 oF and 14.6 psia. The maximum
cycle temperature is 5220oR. The engine may be assumed to operate
on an air-standard Diesel cycle. Determine the cycle work and the
power produced by the engine.
6. The displacement volume of an internal combustion engine is 3 L.
The processes within each cylinder of the engine are modeled as an
air standard Diesel cycle with a cut off ratio of 2. The state of
air at the beginning of the compression is fixed by p1= 100 kPa,
T1= 25 o C, and Vol1= 3.5 L. Determine (a) the net work per cycle,
(b) efficiency and (c) the power developed by the engine
7. An air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 15 and
cutoff ratio of 3. At the beginning of the compression process,
air is at 97 kPa and 30 o C. Using the PG model for air, determine
(a) the temperature after the heat addition process, (b) the
thermal efficiency and (c) the mean effective pressure.
8. An air-standard Diesel cycle operates with a compression ratio of
16.7 and a cutoff ratio of 2. At the beginning of compression the
air temperature and pressure are 37 °C and 0.10 MPa, respectively.
Determine (a) the maximum temperature in the cycle, in degrees
Kelvin, (b) the pressure after isentropic expansion, in MPa, and
(c) the heat input per cycle, in kJ/kg.
9. An ideal cold air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of
20. At the beginning of compression, air is at 95 kPa and 20 o C.
If the maximum temperature during the cycle is 2000 o C, determine
(a) the thermal efficiency, (b) the mean effective pressure and
(c) What would the MEP be if the compression ratio were reduced to
10?
10. An air standard Diesel cycle has a compression ratio of 17.9. Air
is at 85 o F and 15.8 psia at the beginning of the compression
process and at 3100 o R at the end of the heat addition process.
Accounting for the variation of specific heats with temperature,
determine (a) the cutoff ratio, (b) the heat rejection per unit
mass and (c) the thermal efficiency.