MCQ 1: Gas Sensors

What type of gas is primarily detected by the MQ3 sensor?

A) Combustible gases and smoke

B) Carbon monoxide

C) Alcohol Vapor

D) GPL et Gaz Naturel (LPG, Natural Gas)

Multiple Choice Question 2: Communication Series

Which statement is true regarding the I2C protocol?

A) It is faster and more accurate than SPI

B) It is a serial communication protocol that uses two wires (SDA and SCL)

C) It is often used by sensors that require five pins (5 pin).

D) It is unidirectional .

QCM 3 : Localisation

Which of the following satellite positioning systems is the European system?

A) GPS

B) GLONASS

C) Galileo

D) UWB

MCQ 4: IoT Protocols

Which communication protocol is lightweight and open, based on the publish/subscribe model with a central broker
?

A) REST API

B) WebSocket

C) SPI

D) MQTT

Multiple Choice Question 5: Digital Components

What is the function of an ADC in the context of the IoT?

A) To measure the angular velocity of an object

B) Convert an analog signal into a digital value

C) Measure the magnetic field

D ) Provide a power supply of 3.3V to 5.5V .

Multiple Choice Question 6: Food and Energy

If the input voltage is 3.7V and a component requires 5V to operate, which component should be used?

A) Voltage Regulator
B) Voltage Booster (to increase the voltage)

C) Relay

D) Resistance (Not included in the sources)

QCM 7 : Technologies LPWAN

Of the LPWAN (Low-Power Wide Area Network) technologies mentioned, which one uses 4G cellular network
coverage and supports a medium data rate (~1 Mbps)?

A) Sigfox

B) LoRa

C) NB-IoT

D) LTE-M

QCM 8 : Identification

Which identification technology uses radio waves, where a passive tag recharges by collecting energy from the
electromagnetic field emitted by the reader?

A) Barcode

B) Code QR

C) NFC (Near Field Communication)

D) RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification)

MCQ 9: Temperature Sensors

Which of the following is a pinout characteristic of the DHT22 sensor shown in the source code? A) It uses five pins
for SPI communication

B) Pins 1 and 4 are used for data and ground

C ) Pin 3 is not connected .

D) It provides an analog output of 10mV per degree Celsius.

Multiple Choice Question 10: Advanced Series Communication

Compared to the I2C protocol, the SPI protocol is often described as:

A) Using fewer wires (two wires: SDA and SCL).

B) Ideal for connecting a large number of different devices on the same data lines.

C) Faster and more accurate.

D) Operates only in unidirectional client-server mode.

MCQ 11: Gas Sensors

The CCS811 gas sensor is a digital sensor used to:

A) Detect alcohol vapor.

B) Measure LPG and natural gas leaks.

C) Detect carbon monoxide and coal gas .

D ) Detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and assess air quality .

Which type of motor is more powerful and has a longer lifespan because it doesn't have brushes ?

A ) DC Motor

B) Servo motor

C) Stepper motor

D) Brushless DC Motor

QCM 13 : Communication Sans Fil (Wi-Fi)

What is the main drawback of Wi-Fi (802.11b/g/n) for small, battery-powered IoT sensors?

A ) Insufficient data throughput.

B) Limited compatibility with modern devices.

C) High energy consumption .

D) Limited support for mesh networks .

MCQ 14: Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

How does a passive RFID tag get the energy it needs to work?

A) It uses a small built-in battery (like Semi-Passive tags).

B) It recharges via solar induction.

C) It receives energy via ground cables.

D) It is powered by harvesting energy from the electromagnetic field emitted by the player's antenna .

MCQ 15: Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN)

Which LPWAN technology mentioned in the sources offers a medium data rate (around 1 Mbps) and uses 4G cellular
network coverage, typically used for mobile objects and vehicle tracking? A) LoRa

B) Sigfox

C) NB-IoT

D) LTE-M

MCQ 16: Application Protocols

The WebSocket communication protocol is particularly well-suited for:

A) Unidirectional ( stateless ) client/server requests .

B) The transfer of small files between two devices (like Bluetooth Classic).

C) Full-duplex communication and real-time data updates (e.g., chat, notifications) .

D) M2M applications requiring a central broker (such as MQTT).

QCM 17 : Localisation

The satellite positioning system operated by Russia is known as:

A) GPS (USA)

B) Galileo (Europe)
C) GLONASS

D) UWB

Multiple Choice Question 18: Health and Biometrics

To monitor a patient's heart rate by measuring changes in blood volume in microvascular tissues, a sensor would be
used:

A) EEG.

B) CGM.

C) ECG.

D) PPG (Photoplethysmography).

IoT Case Studies (Sensors and Communication)

Case Study 1: Monitoring an Autonomous Greenhouse

An agricultural company wants to implement an IoT system to automate the irrigation of a greenhouse.

System objectives:

1. Measure the ambient air temperature and humidity.

2. Measure soil moisture to determine when to activate irrigation.

3. Control the activation and deactivation of a mains-powered (220V AC) water pump.

4. Use simple and reliable serial communication to connect digital sensors to a microcontroller.

Questions :

1. Which digital temperature/humidity sensor is explicitly mentioned in the sources and meets objective 1?

2. What type of sensor should be used for lens 2? Does it need to use an ADC?

3. What component is needed to control the AC pump (objective 3) from the low-voltage microcontroller?

4. If a second digital sensor (e.g., a BMP180 pressure sensor) is added, what communication protocol is used by
these two digital sensors (excluding DHT22) and how many wires are needed for these communications between
multiple devices?

Correction of Case Study 1

1. Temperature/Humidity Sensor:

The DHT22 sensor is a digital temperature and humidity sensor featured in the sources.

2. Soil Moisture and ADC:

A soil moisture sensor is used for this measurement ..

• Sources indicate that an analog signal is a continuous signal whose value changes smoothly over timeGiven that
the soil moisture sensor is not specifically an I2C/SPI sensor (and is often analog as illustrated)An ADC (Analog-to-
Digital Converter) must be used to convert this analog signal into a digital value usable by the microcontroller..

3. AC Pump Control:

Since the pump operates on high-power AC current, a relay is required. A relay is an electronically controlled
switch that allows a low-power circuit (the microcontroller) to control a more powerful AC device..

4. Serial Communication Protocol:

The I2C protocol uses two wires for serial communication: SDA and SCL ..

Case Study 2: Fleet Vehicle Monitoring

A logistics company needs to track the location of its fleet of trucks across the country. The tracking system must be
able to communicate over long distances, even in rural areas, and must be capable of sending data to a central
server for real-time (or near real-time) processing and visualization.

System objectives:

1. Determine the precise geographical location of the vehicle.

2. Ensure communication over very long distances with existing cellular network coverage (4G).

3. Use a lightweight communication protocol, based on the Publish/Subscribe model , to efficiently transmit position
data to the central server.

4. The device must be capable of sending data at an average rate (~1 Mbps) and support vehicle mobility .

Questions :

1. Which satellite positioning system is the "European system" and could be used to improve accuracy alongside
GPS?

2. Which LPWAN (Low-Power Wide Area Network) communication technology uses 4G coverage, supports a medium
data rate (~1 Mbps) and is suitable for mobile objects and vehicle tracking?

3. Which communication protocol is lightweight, open, based on the Publish/Subscribe model, and uses a central
broker to distribute messages?

4. Which hardware component allows the device to connect to the GSM/GPRS network to transmit data via mobile
internet?

Correction of Case Study 2

1. European Positioning System:

◦ The European system is GalileoIt can be used with GPS and GLONASS (the Russian system) to improve accuracy..

2. LPWAN Technology for Mobile Objects:

• LTE-M technology meets these criteria: it uses 4G cellular network coverage, supports a medium data rate (~1
Mbps), and is specifically used for mobile objects and vehicle tracking.

3. Lightweight Publish/Subscribe Protocol:

The MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol is a lightweight and open protocol, based on the
publish/subscribe model , designed to transmit messages efficiently in potentially unstable or low-bandwidth
networks ..

4. GSM/GPRS Connection Component:

◦ The SIM800L GSM/GPRS module is a mobile communication module that allows a device to connect to the
GSM/GPRS network to transmit data via mobile internet (or SMS).