THREADED MEMBERS

ENGR. IVAN JEUZ PARING, RMEE

 BOLTS AND SCREWS
 BOLT is a threaded fastener designed to pass through holes in the
mating members and to be secured by tightening a nut from the
end opposite the head of the bolt.
 SCREW is a threaded fastener designed to be inserted through a
hole in one member to be joined and into a threaded hole in the
mating member.
 Bolts are provided with nuts while screws are without nut.
 TYPES OF BOLTS
 MACHINE BOLT  EYE BOLT
 TYPES OF BOLTS
 STUD BOLT  STOVE BOLT
 TYPES OF BOLTS
 U BOLT  CARRIAGE BOLT
 TYPES OF SCREWS
 CAP SCREW  MACHINE SCREW
 TYPES OF SCREWS
 SET SCREW  POWER SCREW
 THE SCREW THREAD
 A screw thread is a helical structure used to convert between
rotational and linear movement or force.
 THE SCREW THREAD
 The differences between American and British thread forms
became a painful problem during the Second World War,
especially in manufacturing and repairing airplane engines. In 1948,
representatives of Britain, Canada and the United States agreed on
a Unified Standard.
 In the compromise, the British accepted the 60o thread angle, and
the Americans accepted rounded roots and optionally rounded
crests. Five classes of fit were defined. The new fasteners continued
to fit, for most practical purposes, ones manufactured under the
old American National Standards.
THE AMERICAN NATIONAL
SCREW THREAD
 TYPES OF THREADS
 UNC (UNIFIED NATIONAL COARSE SERIES) – it is recommended for
general use.
 UNF (UNIFIED NATIONAL FINE SERIES) – it is frequently used in
automobile and aircraft work.
 UNEF (UNIFIED NATIONAL EXTRA FINE SERIES) – it is particularly useful
in aeronautical equipment.
 8UN (UNIFIED 8-THREAD SERIES) – it is used on bolts for high-pressure
pipe flanges, cylinder head, studs, etc.
 TOLERANCE
 The widest tolerances are used where quick and easy assembly, even
with bruised threads is necessary as in ordinance.
 CLASS 1A – external threads
 CLASS 1B – internal threads
 Tolerance suitable for normal production practices are most widely
used.
 CLASS 2A – external threads
 CLASS 2B – internal threads
 Have the closest fit; allowance is zero.
 CLASS 3A – external threads
 CLASS 3B – internal threads
 BOLT SPECIFICATION NUMBER
 AMERICAN AND UNIFIED SERIES
 BOLT SPECIFICATION NUMBER
 METRIC THREAD SERIES
 FORM OF THREADS FOR BOLTS
 V-THREADS
 FORM OF THREADS FOR BOLTS
 SELLER SCREW THREAD
 FORM OF THREADS FOR BOLTS
 WHITWORTH THREAD
 FORM OF THREADS FOR POWER
SCREWS
 SELLERS SQUARE THREAD
 FORM OF THREADS FOR POWER
SCREWS
 ACME/TRAPEZOIDAL THREAD
 FORM OF THREADS FOR POWER
SCREWS
 BUTTRESS THREAD
DESIGN FORMULAS FOR BOLTS
AND SCREWS
DESIGN FORMULAS FOR BOLTS
AND SCREWS
DESIGN FORMULAS FOR BOLTS
AND SCREWS
 POWER SCREWS
 POWER SCREWS are used for providing linear motion in a smooth
uniform manner. They are linear actuators that transform rotary
motion into linear motion.
 POWER SCREWS are generally based on:
 ACME
 SQUARE
 BUTTRESS THREADS
POWER SCREWS
 POWER SCREWS
 POWER SCREWS are used for the following reasons:
 To obtain high mechanical advantage in order to move large loads
with minimum effort like screw jack.
 To generate large forces like compactor press.
 To obtain precise axial movements like machine tool lead screw.
DESIGN FORMULAS FOR
POWER SCREWS
DESIGN FORMULAS FOR
POWER SCREWS
DESIGN FORMULAS FOR
POWER SCREWS
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
If the pitch of a screw is 2/9 find the thread per inch.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Compute the working strength of 1” bolt which is screwed up tightly in packed joint when the
allowable working stress is 13,000 psi.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Compute how many 3/8 inch diameter set screws are required to transmit 3 Hp at a shaft speed
of 1000 rpm. The shaft diameter is 1 inch.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A block weighing 350 lbs is lifted by an SAE 1040 eyebolt. SAE 1040 material has a Su = 67 ksi and
Sy = 55 ksi. Calculate the stress area (in square inches) of the bolt if it is under the unified coarse
series thread.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A triple threaded screw has a lead of 25 mm. Find the number of thread per inch.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Compute the diameter of a set screw required to transmit 8 hp at a shaft speed of 850 rpm. The
shaft diameter is 2 in.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Determine the permissible working stress in psi of a UNC bolts that has a stress area of 0.606 in2 if
material used is carbon steel.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Determine the tensile stress area in square inches of an American Standard Screw Threads 6-32
UNC with basic major diameter of 0.1380 inch.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A 19 mm stud bolts is used to fasten on a 250 mm diameter cylinder head of diesel engine. If
there are 10 stud bolts, determine the pressure in kPa inside the cylinder if bolt stress is limited to 50
MPa.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A double square thread power screw has a root diameter of 0.55 inches. If the screw has a pitch
of 0.2 inches, determine the major diameter.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
The collar of the capstan has an outside diameter of 8 in and an inside diameter of 6 in, the total
load support is 2000 lb. If the coefficient of friction is 0.1, what is the collar friction torque in in-lb?
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A double square thread screw is used to raise a load of 20,000 lb at a velocity of 3 fpm. Outside
diameter of thread and pitch are 2 7/8 in and 1 in, respectively. Collar friction coefficient is 0.12,
thread friction coefficient is 010. Mean diameter of collar 5 in. Determine the horsepower required
to drive the screw.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
The power screw’s linear speed is 7 ft/min and lead of 8 mm. If the total torque required to turn
the power screw is 50 N-m, find the horsepower input of the power screw.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A power screw requires 5 HP to raise 3000 lbs load at a rate of 35 ft/min. Find the efficiency of the
screw.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
Determine the lead angle of a square thread screw that has an efficiency of 70% when friction of
threads is 0.10. Consider collar friction as negligible.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A single square thread power screw has a lead of 6 mm and mean diameter of 34 mm. It is used
to lift a load of 26 kN and coefficient of friction of thread is 0.15, determine the torque required ot
turn the screw in N-m.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
An ACME thread power screw that has a mean diameter of 25 mm and a pitch of 5 mm is used
to lift a load of 500 kg. If friction on threads is 0.1, determine the torque in N-m needed to turn the
screw.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A double thread ACME thread screw driven by a motor at 400 rpm raises the attached load of
900 kg at a speed of 10 m/min. The screw has pitch diameter of 36 mm. The coefficient of friction
on threads is 0.15. The friction torque on the thrusts bearing of the motor is taken to be 20% of the
total torque point input. Determine: The total torque input in N-m.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A single square thread power screw is to raise a load of 70 kN. The screw has a pitch diameter of
36 mm and a pitch of 6 mm. The coefficient of thread friction and collar friction are 0.13 and 0.10,
respectively. If the collar mean diameter is 90 mm and the screw turns at 60 rpm, find the power
input to the screw in kW.
 SAMPLE PROBLEM
A double thread ACME screw driven by a motor at 400 rpm raises the attached load of 900 kg at
a speed of 10 meters per minute. The screw has a pitch diameter of 36 mm. The coefficient of
friction on threads is 0.15. The friction torque on the thrust bearing of the motor is taken as 20% of
the total torque input. Determine the motor power required (kW) to operate the screw.
THE END