LECTURE 4’S IN-CLASS AND HOME WORKS

Assignment 1: Supplementary Allowance for Health Workers (₵)

Class Limit Frequency (f) Cumulative Frequency (CF) Quartile Class?

120–139 1 .............1.... .................
140–159 4 .........5........ .................
160–179 10 ...........15...... .........Q1........
180–199 14 .........29........ ........... Q2......
200–219 12 ..........41....... ........ Q3.........
220–239 6 ............47..... .................
240–259 2 ............49..... .................
260–279 1 .............50.... .................

 N=50

Instruction:

1. Add up the frequencies row by row to complete the Cumulative Frequency (CF) column.
2. Identify which class contains Q1, Q2, and Q3 by comparing the quartile positions:

- Q1 at N/4 = 12.5
- Q2 at N/2 = .25
- Q3 at 3N/4 = 37.5

3. Write the quartile class in the last column.

Assignment 2: Raw Data – Truck Loading Times (minutes): 32, 45, 38, 50, 41, 47, 36, 52, 44,
39, 48, 53, 35, 46, 40, 49, 37, 51, 43, 42, 34, 55, 38, 50, 46, 41, 54, 39, 44, 48, 36, 47, 40, 52, 45,
37, 49, 43, 42, 53

1. Form a Grouped Frequency Table

- Choose a class width (e.g., 5 minutes).

- Example classes: 32–36, 37–41, 42–46, 47–51, 52–56.
- Count how many loading times fall into each class (frequency).
- Add cumulative frequency for quartile calculations.

2. Compute Quartiles

- From grouped data: Use the quartile formula.

3. Draw a Boxplot
- Find min, Q1, median (Q2), Q3, max.
- Plot them on a number line.
- Draw the box from Q1 to Q3, with a line at the median, and whiskers to min and max.
- Identify any outliers using the 1.5 × IQR rule.

Instructions:

1. Grouped Frequency Table (Class width = 5 minutes)

Class Interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency

32–36 ______6___ _____6____
37–41 _____9____ _____15____
42–46 _____11____ ____26_____
47–51 ____8_____ ___34______
52–56 ____6_____ ____40_____

2. Quartiles (from grouped data)

- Q1 (25th percentile) = N/4=__10________

- Median (Q2, 50th percentile) =N/2= ___20_______
- Q3 (75th percentile) = 3N/4=___30_______

3. Boxplot Values

- Minimum = ___32_______
- Q1 = __ 36.5 + [(10−6)/9]*5 = 38.7________
- Median (Q2) = _____ 41.5 + [(20−15)/11]*5 = 43.8_____
- Q3 = _____ 46.5 + [(30−26)/8]*5 = 49.0_____
- Maximum = ____55______

IQR (Q3 – Q1) = ____10.3______

- Lower Bound = Q1 – 1.5 × IQR = ___ 38.7 − 1.5×10.3 = 23.25_______

- Upper Bound = Q3 + 1.5 × IQR = _____ 49 + 1.5×10.3 = 64.45_____
- Outliers: ___NO_______

4. Sketch the Boxplot

Assignment 3: Finding the Range of Ungrouped Data: 45, 23, 5, 6, 19, 3, 19, 34, 23, 1, 2, 3, 45

Step 1: Identify the minimum value

Minimum (smallest observation) = __1________

Step 2: Identify the maximum value

Maximum (largest observation) = ____45______

Step 3: Apply the formula for Range

Range = _____45_____ – ______1____ = ______44____

Assignment 4: Range from Grouped Data. A logistics company recorded the loading times (in
minutes) for a set of trucks. The data has been grouped into class intervals. The raw data: 32, 45,
38, 50, 41, 47, 36, 52, 44, 39, 48, 53, 35, 46, 40, 49, 37, 51, 43, 42, 34, 55, 38, 50, 46, 41, 54, 39,
44, 48, 36, 47, 40, 52, 45, 37, 49, 43, 42, 53, 33, 57, 60, 29, 62, 31, 58, 27, 63, 30.

Step 1: Grouped Frequency Table

Class Interval (minutes) Frequency

30–39 _20___
40–49 __20__
50–59 __6__
60–69 __4__
70–79 _0___

Step 2: Identify the Minimum and Maximum Class Boundaries

 Minimum value (from the lowest class) = ____30______

 Maximum value (from the highest class) = _____69_____

Step 3: Apply the Formula for Range

Range = ______69____ – ____30______ = ______39___

Step 4: Interpretation

 The range represents the spread of truck loading times.

 Write a short sentence: “The truck loading times vary over a span of __39___minutes.”

Assignment 5: Computing IQR

A. Computing the Interquartile Range (IQR) for ungrouped data.

Dataset (Delivery Times in minutes): 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 28, 30, 32, 35, 38, 40

Steps:

1. Arrange the data in ascending order (already arranged).

2. Find Q1 (25th percentile): __((18+20)/2 = 19________
3. Find Q2 (Median, 50th percentile): ____(25+28)/2 = 26.5______
4. Find Q3 (75th percentile): ___(32+35)/2 = 33.5_______
5. Compute IQR:

IQR = Q3 - Q1

IQR = ______33.5____ – _____19_____ = ______4.5____

B. Compute IQR for grouped data

Dataset (Truck Loading Times in minutes, grouped):

Class Interval Frequency

20–29 4
30–39 6
40–49 10
50–59 8
60–69 2

Steps:

1. Compute cumulative frequencies for each class. (Fill in a new column: Cumulative
Frequency = __4,10,20,28,30________)
2. Locate Q1 (25th percentile):

- Position = (N/4) = ___7.5_______

- Q1 lies in class _____30-39_____
- Apply formula:

( )
N
−C F prev
4
Q1=L+ ×h
f

Q1 = _______29.5 + [(7.5−4)/6]*10 = 35.3__

3. Locate Q3 (75th percentile):

- Position = (3N/4) = ___22.5 _______
- Q3 lies in class _____50–59_____
- Apply formula:

( )
3N
−C F prev
4
Q 1=L+ ×h
f

Q3 = __49.5 + [(22.5−20)/8]*10 = 52.6________

4. Compute IQR:

IQR = ____52.6______ – ___35.5_______ = ____17.3______

C. Interpretation: “The interquartile range shows that the middle 50% of the data values are
spread over about ______17.3____ minutes.”

Assignment 6: Quartile Deviation from Grouped Data

A warehouse recorded the loading times of trucks (in minutes) over several days. The data was
grouped into the following frequency distribution:

Loading Time (minutes) Frequency

20–29 5
30–39 8
40–49 12
50–59 10
60–69 5

Tasks:

Step 1: Construct the Cumulative Frequency Table. Add a column for Cumulative Frequency
(CF).

Class Interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency

20–29 5 _____5__
30–39 8 ___13____
40–49 12 ___25____
50–59 10 ___35____
60–69 5 __40_____

Step 2: Locate Q1 and Q3

- Position of Q1 = N/4 = __10 → class 30–39_____

- Position of Q3 = 3N/4 = __30 → class 50–59_____
- Identify the class interval where Q1 and Q3 lie.

Step 3: Apply the Quartile Formula

( )
kN
−C F prev
4
Q k =L+ ×h
f

Compute:

- Q1 = ___29.5 + [(10−5)/8]*10 = 35.75_______

- Q3 = ______49.5 + [(30−25)/10]*10 = 54.5____

Step 4: Quartile Deviation (QD)

Q3−Q1
QD= =(54.5 − 35.75)/2 = 9.38
2

Step 5: Interpretation.

Write a short conclusion: “The quartile deviation shows that the middle 50% of truck loading
times vary within about ______9.38____ minutes of each other.”

Assignment 7: Variance of Raw Data. A production manager recorded the number of defective
items found in 10 consecutive batches of products. The raw data is shown below: 4, 6, 5, 7, 3, 4,
8, 6, 5, 7

Step 1: Write the Formula for Variance

Step 2: Compute the Mean= 55 / 10 = 5.5

Step 3: Construct a Working Table

2
xi x i−x ( x i−x )
4 ___-1.5____ ____2.25___
6 ____0.5___ ___0.25____
5 __-0.5_____ ____0.25___
7 __1.5_____ ___2.25____
3 ____-2.5___ ___6.25____
4 _____-1.5__ ___2.25____
8 ___2.5____ ____6.25___
6 ____0.5___ ____0.25___
5 __-0.5_____ ____0.25___
 2
xi x i−x ( x i−x )
7 ___1.5____ ____2.25___

∑ ( xi −x ) 2=¿ ¿ ¿
Step 4: Compute the Variance

Variance = _____22.5_____ ÷ __10________ = ____2.25______

Step 5: Interpretation. Write a short conclusion: “The variance of defective items per batch is
__2.25_____, which indicates the degree of variability in production quality.”

Assignment 8: A logistics company recorded the loading times of trucks (in minutes) over
several days. The data was grouped into the following frequency distribution:

Loading Time (minutes) Frequency

20–29 3
30–39 5
40–49 7
50–59 4
60–69 1

Total number of observations (N) = ___20____.

Step 1: Recall the Formula for Variance

2
∑ f ( x−x )
σ 2=
N

Step 2: Construct a Working Table

Class Frequenc Midpoint

f×x x−x ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )
2
Interval y (f) (x)
____24.5__ __306.25____ __918.75____
20–29 3 ___73.5____ -17.5__
_ _ _
___34.5___ ___172.5___ __- ___281.25___
30–39 5 ___56.25____
_ _ 7.5____ _
__44.5____ ___311.5___
40–49 7 2.5__ ____6.25___ ___43.75____
_ _
___54.5___ __156.25____
50–59 4 __218_____ _12.5__ ____625___
_ _
_____64.5_ __506.25____ ____506.25__
60–69 1 ____64.5___ __22.5__
_ _ _
∑ f =¿ 0 ¿

∑ f × x=¿ 8 40 ¿

2
∑ f ( x− x ) =¿ 2281¿

Step 3: Compute the Mean

∑f × x
x= = ___42_________
N

Step 4: Compute the Variance. Variance = ___2281_______ ÷ _____20_____ = ____114______

Step 5: Interpretation.

Write a short conclusion: “The variance of truck loading times is _____114_____ minutes²,
which indicates the degree of variability in the process.”

Assignment 9: Sample Variance of Raw Data. A production manager recorded the number of
defective items found in 10 consecutive batches of products. The raw data is shown below: 4, 6,
5, 7, 3, 4, 8, 6, 5, 7

Step 1: Write the Formula for Variance

Step 2: Compute the Mean =55/10=5.5

Step 3: Construct a Working Table

2
xi x i−x ( x i−x )
4 ____-1.5___ __2.25_____
6 ____0.5___ ___0.25____
5 ___-0.5____ ____0.25___
7 ___1.5____ __2.25_____
3 ____-2.5___ ___6.25____
4 ____-1.5___ __2.25_____
8 ____2.5___ ___6.25____
6 ____0.5___ _____0.25__
5 ____-0.5___ ____0.25___
7 ____1.5___ ___2.25____

∑ ( xi −x ) 2=¿ ¿ ¿
Step 4: Compute the Sample Variance
Sample Variance = _______22.5___ ÷ __9________ = ____2.5______

Step 5: Interpretation. Write a short conclusion: “The variance of defective items per batch is
__2.5_____, which indicates the degree of variability in production quality.”

Assignment 10: A logistics company recorded the loading times of trucks (in minutes) over
several days. The data was grouped into the following frequency distribution:

Loading Time (minutes) Frequency

20–29 3
30–39 5
40–49 7
50–59 4
60–69 1

Total number of observations (N) = ____20___.

Step 1: Recall the Formula for Variance

2
2 ∑ f ( x−x )
σ =
N −1

Step 2: Construct a Working Table

Class
Frequen Midpoint
Interv f×x x−x ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )
2
cy (f) (x)
al
___24.5_ ____73.5_ __−17.5__ ____306.25 ___918.75_
20–29 3
___ __ ___ ___ ___
____34.5 __172.5__ ___−7.5__ _____56.25 ___281.25_
30–39 5
___ ___ __ __ ___
____44.5 ____311.5 ____6.25__ ____43.75_
40–49 7 ___2.5____
___ ___ _ __
___ ____
__218____ ___156.25_
50–59 4 54.5 12.5 ___625____
_ ___
____ ___
__64.5__ ___22.5__ ___506.25_ ___506.25_
60–69 1 _______
___ __ ___ ___

∑ f =¿ 2 0¿

∑ f × x=¿ 840¿
 2
∑ f ( x− x ) =¿ ¿

Step 3: Compute the Mean

∑f × x
x= = _____42_______
N

Step 4: Compute the Sample Variance.

Sample Variance = ____2375______ ÷ ____19______ = __125________

Step 5: Interpretation. Write a short conclusion: “The variance of truck loading times is
_____125_____ minutes², which indicates the degree of variability in the process.”

Assignment 11: Standard Deviation for Ungrouped Data (Logistics – Inventory Levels)

Dataset (Daily Inventory Levels in pallets): 120, 135, 140, 125, 130, 150

Step 1: Recall the Formula

σ =¿

Step 2: Compute the Mean

x=¿800÷6=133.33

∑ x i=¿ ¿

N =¿ 6¿

x=¿ 33.33¿

Step 3: Construct a Working Table

2
xi x i−x ( x i−x )
___177.78___
120 ___−13.33____
_
135 ____1.67___ _____2.78__
140 6.67 ___44.49____
125 −8.33 ___69.39____
130 ___−3.33 ___11.09____
__277.80____
150 16.67___
_
 2
∑ ( x i−x ) =¿ ¿

Step 4: Variance

Variance = ______583.33____ ÷ __6________ = _______97.22___

Step 5: Standard Deviation

σ =√ σ 2 =¿ ¿

Step 6: Interpretation. “The standard deviation of daily inventory levels is __9.86________

pallets, which shows how much the stock levels vary around the average.”

Assignment 12: Standard Deviation for Grouped Data. A distribution center recorded the
number of shipments processed per day over a month. The data was grouped into the
following frequency distribution:

Shipments per Day Frequency

80–99 4
100–119 6
120–139 10
140–159 7
160–179 3

Total number of days (N) = ___30____.

Step 1: Formula: s=s^2

Step 2: Construct a Working Table

Class
Frequenc Midpoint
Interva f×x x−x ( x−x )2 f ( x−x )
2
y (f) (x)
l
____1546.9 ___6187.6__
80–99 4 ____89.5___ __358_____ __−39.33_____
___ __
100– ___109.5___ ___−19.33_ ___373.7___ _____2242.2
6 __657_____
119 _ ___ _ __
120– ___129.5___
10 ___1295____ __0.67_____ ____0.45___ ____4.5___
139 _
140– ___149.5___ __1046.5____ __20.67____ ____427.3__ ___2991.1__
7
159 _ _ _ _ __
160– ___169.5___ __40.67____ ____1654.0 ___4962.0__
3 ____508.5___
179 _ _ ___ __
∑ f =¿ 0 ¿

∑ f × x=¿ ¿

2
∑ f ( x− x ) =¿ 16387.¿

Step 3: Compute the Mean

∑f × x
x= = 4015 /30 = 133.83_
N

Step 4: Compute the Sample Variance.

Sample Variance = 606.3

Step 5: Compute Standard Deviation

σ =√ σ =¿ 606.3=24.63¿
2

Step 6: Interpretation. “The standard deviation of shipments processed per day is _24.63
shipment___ shipments, which shows how much daily performance varies around the average.”

Assignment 13: Coefficient of Variation (CV). A warehouse recorded the number of shipments
processed per day over 7 days. The raw data is: Data (shipments): 95, 105, 100, 110, 90, 120,
100.

Step 1: Recall the Formula

CV =¿

Step 2: Compute the Mean

x=102.86

Step 3: Construct a Working Table

2
xi x i−x ( x i−x )
95 _−7.86______ ___61.78____
105 __2.14_____ ____4.58___
100 ___−2.86____ ___8.18____
110 ___7.14____ __50.98_____
____165.47__
90 ___−12.86____
_
 2
xi x i−x ( x i−x )
__293.78____
120 ___17.14____
_
100 ____−2.86___ ___8.18____

2
∑ ( x i−x ) =¿ ¿

Step 4: Compute Variance and Standard Deviation

Variance = ____588.6______ ÷ ______7____ = _____84.09_____

σ = __________ ÷ __________ = ____√84.09=9.17______

Step 5: Compute Coefficient of Variation

CV = ___ 9.17 _______ ÷ ______102.86____ × 100% = ____8.9%______ %

Step 6: Interpretation. “The coefficient of variation is ____ 8.9%______ %, which means the
daily shipments vary by about that percentage relative to the average.”