DepEd MIMAROPA

Curriculum and Learning Management Division

Junior High School

Basic Calculus
Module 3: Limit of Transcendental
Functions

Basic Calculus
RO_MIMAROPA_SHS_Academic-
STEM_Basic Calculus_Mod3
Contextualized Self-Learning Module
Module 1: Limit of Transcendental Functions
First Edition, 2022
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 Lesson 3

Limit of Transcendental Functions

MELC : Compute the limits of exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric

functions using tables of values and graphs of the functions.
(STEM_BC11LC-IIIb-1)
: Illustrate limits involving the expressions

using tables of values (STEM_BC11LC-IIIb-1)

Objectives

At the end of the module, the learner should be able to:

1. evaluate the limit of exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric
functions using tables of values and graphs of the functions and
2. create table of values and graph to illustrate the expressions

Let’s Try
Gauging the level of your prior knowledge provides a breaking ground to assess your
understanding and engage yourself in the competency that you will tackle in this module.
Try this one.
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below. Write the letter of the correct
answer in a clean sheet of paper

1. Which of the following will give 0 as its limit?

A. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙) C. 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝝅 𝟐𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒙
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙→
𝟑
B. 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝝅 𝒄𝒔𝒄 𝒙 D. 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝟑𝝅 𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝒙
𝒙→− 𝒙→−
𝟑 𝟒
2. Given the graph of f(x) = cos x, find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙.
𝒙→𝟎

A. 0 C. 2
B. 1 D. -1
 3. Refer to the graph given in No. 2, What is the limit of cos x as x approaches /2?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. -1
4. 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝝅 −𝟐𝒔𝒆𝒄 (𝟐𝒙) is equal to ____. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
𝒙→
𝟐
5. Which of the following illustrates 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝟐𝝅 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔 (𝟐𝒙)?
𝒙→−
𝟑

A. C.

B. D.

Let’s Explore and Discover

Limits are frequently applied using algebraic expressions. This module will teach us
about non-algebraic expressions known as transcendental functions.
Transcendental functions include exponential, logarithmic, and trigonometric functions.
These functions are sometimes referred to as special functions because their behavior and
relationships with other functions represent an infinite series, implying that they cannot be
used as a finite solution for algebraic equations.

1. EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION

An exponential function is one that increases or decreases without boundaries and

can be written in the form f(x) = bx, where b is any real number other than one(1).
To evaluate the limit of exponential functions, let us revisit some important concepts
about exponential functions.

Definition: An exponential function in the form f(x) = b x is a mathematical equation in

which the exponent is a variable.

Functional notation exponent – any real number

Parts: f(x) = bx

base – any real number such that b > 0 and b ≠ 1

Example 1. Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙 .
𝒙→∞

Solution:
Let us construct a table of values for x.

x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 … +∞
fx) 0.0625 0.125 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 128 1024 … +∞

From the above table of

values for f(x) = 2x, you will
notice that as x values f(x) = 2x
increases the value of f(x) also
increases and approaching to
positive infinity (+∞). 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟐)𝒙 = +∞
𝒙 →∓∞
Let us now plot all the
𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟐)𝒙 = 0
coordinates in a Cartesian 𝒙 →−∞
plane.
We can say that the 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙 as
𝒙→∞
x approaches to positive
infinity is positive infinity
(+∞)
Can be written as
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙 = +∞
𝒙→+∞

What do you observe if the

value of x decreases, what
happen to the value of f(x)?
Notice that as x decreases its value and approaches to negative infinity (-∞), the value of f(x)
becomes smaller and smaller and approaches 0.

Therefore, we can say that the limit of f(x) = 2x as x approaches negative infinity (−∞) is 0.
Can be written as 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙 = 0.
𝒙→−∞

Example 2. Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟑𝒙 .

𝒙→𝟑

Solution:
Create a table of values from the left and right side of 3, we have

for x values that approaches 3 from the left for x values that approaches 3 from the right

x 2 2.5 2.9 2.99 2.999 3 3.001 3.01 3.1 3.5 4

fx) 9 15.58 24.19 26.70 26.97 27 27.03 27.3 30.14 46.77 81

From the above table of values, as the value of x approaches 3 from the left and right sides, the value
of f(x) approaching 27. Therefore, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟑𝒙 = 27.
𝒙→𝟑

𝟏 𝒙
Example 3. Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟐) .
𝒙→∞

Solution:

Construct table of values

for x values that approaches +∞

x … 4 3
2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -7 -10 …
fx) … 0.0625 0.125 0,25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 128 1024 …

for x values that approaches −∞

𝟏 𝒙
Sketching the graph of f(x) = ( )
𝟐

f(x) =
Notice that as x approaches positive infinity
(+∞), the value of f(x) becomes smaller and
𝟏 smaller and approaches 0.
𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( )𝒙 = +∞
𝒙 →− ∞ 𝟐
Therefore, we can say that the limit of
𝟏 𝒙
f(x) = ( ) as x approaches positive infinity (+∞)
𝟐
is 0.
𝟏 𝒙
Can be written as 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( ) = 0.
𝒙→+∞ 𝟐

𝟏 𝒙
Hence the limit of f(x) = (𝟐) as x approaches
negative (-∞) is positive infinity (+∞).
𝟏 𝒙
In symbol: 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟐) = +∞
𝒙→−∞

𝟏 𝒙
Example 4. Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟑) .
𝒙→𝟏

Solution:
Table of values

for x values from the left side of 1 for x values from the right side of 1

x 0 0.2 0.5 0.99 0.999 1 1.001 1.01 1.1 1.5 2

fx) 1 0.8 0.58 0.34 0.33 0.33 0.333 0.333 0.299 0.192 0.11
𝟏 𝒙 𝟏
The 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝟑) = 0.33 or 𝟐.
𝒙→𝟏
2. NATURAL EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION

If b is replaced by a letter e in the exponential function f(x) = bx, the letter e is called a
mathematical constant e, and e = 2.7182... is called a Euler number.
Definition: An exponential function in the form f(x) = e x is called natural exponential
function.

Functional notation exponent – any real number

Parts: f(x) = ex
base e – where e  2.71828… Using your calculator to get the value of e
Press
Swift ln 1 =

Example 1: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆𝒙 .

𝒙 →+ ∞

Let us now construct a table of values for f(x) = ex

as the value of x increases
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 …
fx) 0.0183 0.04979 0.135 0.368 1 2.718 7.389 20.09 54.598 148.41 1096.63 …

the value of f(x) approaching +∞

Therefore, using the table of values of f(x) = ex, we have 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆𝒙 = +∞.
𝒙 →+ ∞

Example 2: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆−𝒙 , let us now construct a table of values for f(x).
𝒙 →+ ∞

x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 …
…
f(x) 54.598 20.09 7.389 2.718 1 0.368 0.135 0.04979 0.0183 0.00673
From the table of values of f(x) = e-x , as the value of x increases (approaching
to + ∞), the values of f(x) get closer and closer to 0 (approaching to 0).

Therefore, we can say that 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆−𝒙 = 0.

𝒙 →+ ∞
Illustration using graph:
f(x) = e-x
f(x) = ex

𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆𝒙 =
𝒙 →+ ∞
+∞.
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒆−𝒙
𝒙 →+ ∞
= 𝟎

3. LIMIT LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS

Definition: The inverse of an exponential function in the form f(x) = bx is called
logarithmic function
x = by, where b >0 and b ≠ 1. x = by can be written as y = logb x.

exponent
Power
Parts: y = logb x

base

Example 1: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝒙

𝒙 →+ ∞

Solution:

By constructing table of values for f(x)= 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝒙, we will evaluate the limit.

x 0.0625 0.125 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 128 …

f(x) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 …
We notice that as x increases (approaching to + ∞ ), f(x) also increases (approaching to + ∞ also)
Therefore, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝒙 = +∞
𝒙 →+ ∞

Example 2: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝒙.

𝒙 →𝟎+

Solution:

Recall that the equation y = log2 x can be written as 2y = x and remember also
that if x = 0 the function is undefined.
We can determine the limit of 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝒙 by examining this table of values.
𝒙 →𝟎+

x
128 32 8 2 1 0 0.5 0.25 0.125 0.0625 0.03125 …

f(x) 4 3 2 1 0 undefined -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 …

We can see from the table of values that as the values of x approaching 0 from the right
side, the value of f(x) approaching to negative infinity (-∞).
Let us take a look at the graphical sketch of the function
y = log2 x
f(x) = log2 x
Therefore, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟐 𝒙 = −∞
𝒙 →𝟎+

Example 3: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒍𝒏(𝒙)

𝒙→𝟏

Solution:
Remember that y = ln(x) can be written as y = loge x or ey = x. The expression loge x or ln
x is called natural logarithm sometimes called hyperbolic logarithm.

Let us now construct a table of values for f(x) = ln x.

x 0.0183 0.498 0.1353 0.3679 1 2.718 7.389 20.085 54.598 148.41 …

f(x) -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 …

From the table, as x values approaching 1 from the right side, the values of f(x) are approaching to 0.
Therefore, lim 𝑙𝑛(𝑥 ) = 0.
𝑥→1

What do you think is the 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒍𝒏(𝒙)?

𝒙 → 𝟎+

4. LIMIT TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Example 1: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙)

𝒙→𝟎
Solution:
Let us now construct a table of values for f(x) = cos x.
 The value of x approaches 0 from the left side The value of x approaches 0 from the right
side

x -1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.01 0 0.01 0.1 0.6 1

fx) 0.9998 0.99995 0.999998 0.99999998 1 0.99999998 0.999998 0.99995 0.9998

The value of f(x) approaches 1 The value of f(x) approaches 1

Examining the table of values for f(x) = cos x, we can say that lim 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥) = 1
𝑥→0

Example 1: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙)

𝒙→
Let us examine the graph of f(x) = cos x as x approaching .

Therefore, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙) = −𝟏

𝒙→

Example 2: Solve 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙)

𝒙 → /𝟑

By examining the graph of

f(x) = sin 2x, the limit of sin 2x
√3
as x approaches /3 is or √3
2 2
0.866. /𝟑

Therefore,
√3
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙) =
𝒙 → /𝟑 2

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 𝒆𝒙 −𝟏
Limit of a trigonometric functions involving f(x) = 𝒙
, f(x) = 𝒙
, f(x) = 𝒙

𝟏𝟖𝟎
Take note that radian = .
𝝅
 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
Let us construct table of values for f(x) = .
𝒙

x (radian) 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 x (radian) How to solve:

How to solve:
negative side 𝒙 positive side
180 -1.5 1.5 180
sin [(−1.5) ( 𝜋 )] 0.665 sin [(1.5) ( 𝜋 )]
−1.5 -1 1 1.5
= 0.665 0.841 = 0.665
180 -0.5 0.5 180
sin[(−1) ( 𝜋 )] 0.95885 sin[(1) (
𝜋
)]
−1 -0.1 0.1 1
= 0.841 0.99833 = 0.841
-0.01 0.01
180
sin[(−0.5) ( 𝜋 )]
0.99998 180
sin[(0.5) ( 𝜋 )]
−0.5 -0.001 0.001 0.5
0.9999998 = 0.959
= 0.959
-0.0001 0.999999998 0.0001
.

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
As x approaches 0 from both sides (negative and positive), approaches 1
𝒙

From the table of values and the

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
graph of f(x) = , we can
𝒙
conclude that

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( )=𝟏
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙
 𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙
Let us examine the table of values for f(x) = .
𝒙
How to solve: x (radian) 𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 x (radian) How to solve:
180 negative side positive side
1 − cos [(−1.5) ( 𝜋 )] 𝒙 1 − cos [(−1.5) (
180
𝜋
)]
−1.5 1.5
-1.5 -0.6195 0.6195 −1.5
= 0.6195 = 0.6195
1
180 -1 -0.5403 0.5403 180
1 − cos[(−1) ( )] 1 − cos[(−1) ( 𝜋 )]
𝜋
0.5
−1 -0.5 -0.2448 0.2448 −1
= 0.5403 = 0.5403
0.1
180
-0.1 -0.04996 0.04996 180
1 − cos[(−0.5) ( )] 1 − cos[(−0.5) ( )]
𝜋 - 𝜋
0.01
−0.5 -0.01 0.0049999 −0.5
= 0.2448 0.0049999 = 0.2448
0.001
-0.001 -0.000499 0.000499
.
-0.0001 -0.000049 0.000049 0.0001

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙
As x approaches 0 from both sides (negative and positive), approaches 0
𝒙

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙
Therefore, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ( )=𝟎
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙

𝒆𝒙−𝟏
Let us examine the table of values for f(x) = .
𝒙

As the value of x decreases x approaches 0

x 1.5 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 …

𝒙
𝒆 −𝟏
2.3 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.05 1.005 1.0005 1.00005 1.000005 …
𝒙

the value of f(x) also decreases 𝒆𝒙 −𝟏

𝒙
approaches 1

𝒆𝒙 −𝟏
By examining the table of values for f(x) = , you will notice that as the value of x
𝒙
𝒆𝒙 −𝟏
decreases, the value of approaches 1.
𝒙
𝒆𝒙−𝟏
Therefore, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 =𝟏
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙
 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
Example 1: Find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙

Solution:

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
Remember that 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙
= 𝟏, in the given problem 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙
, we need to make the
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙→𝟎
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
denominator of 𝒙
equal to 4x to match the case of the sine.

Let us examine the following steps:

Steps

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
1. Write the given problem 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙

𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙 𝟒
( 𝐥𝐢𝐦 )( )
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙 𝟒
2. Multiply the numerator and
denominator by 4 (𝟒)𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟒𝒙
𝒙→𝟎
(𝟒)𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟒𝒙
𝒙→𝟎
3. Simplify
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
(𝟒) 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝟒𝒙
4. Apply the concept
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
lim ( )=1 4(1) = 4
𝑥→0 𝑥
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟒𝒙
Answer 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙
=4
𝒙→𝟎

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙
Example 2: Find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙

Solution:

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙
Remember that 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙
= 𝟎, in the given problem 𝒙𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒙
, we need to make the
𝒙→𝟎 →𝟎
𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙
denominator of equal to 4x to match the case of the cosine.
𝒙

Let us examine the following steps:

Steps

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙
1. Write the given problem 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙 𝟒
( 𝐥𝐢𝐦 )( )
2. Multiply the numerator and 𝒙→𝟎 𝒙 𝟒
denominator by 4
𝟒(𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙)
𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝟒𝒙
 3. Simplify (𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟒𝒙)
(𝟒) 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝟒𝒙
4. Apply the concept
𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙
𝐥𝐢𝐦 =𝟎 4(0) = 0
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 4𝑥
Answer lim 𝑥
=0
𝑥→0

𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙−𝟏)
Example 3: Find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟏 𝒙𝟐+𝟒𝒙−𝟓

Solution:

𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙−𝟏) 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟏−𝟏)
Remember that if we apply the direct substitution for 𝐥𝐢𝐦 , we have =
𝒙 → 𝟏 𝒙𝟐 +𝟒𝒙−𝟓 (𝟏)𝟐+𝟒(𝟏)−𝟓
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟎 𝟎 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙−𝟏)
= which is indeterminate. the given problem 𝐥𝐢𝐦 , we need to make the apply
𝟎 𝟎 𝒙 → 𝟏 𝒙𝟐 +𝟒𝒙−𝟓
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
the concept of lim ( 𝑥
) = 1 by factoring the denominator.
𝑥→0

Let us examine the following steps:

Steps

𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙 − 𝟏)
1. Write the given problem 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟏 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓

𝐬𝐢 𝐧(𝒙 − 𝟏)
𝐥𝐢𝐦
2. factor the denominator x2 + 4x -
𝒙→𝟏 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓
5
𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙 − 𝟏)
𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟏 (𝒙 − 𝟏)(𝒙 + 𝟓)

𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙 − 𝟏)
𝐥𝐢𝐦
3. Apply the quotient rule 𝒙→𝟏 (𝒙 − 𝟏)(𝒙 + 𝟓)
sin(x−1) 1
lim (x−1)
( lim )
x→1 x → 1 (x+5)
4. Apply the concept
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 1
𝐥𝐢𝐦 =𝟏 (1) ( lim )
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙 x → 1 (x+5)

5. Apply the direct substitution to 1

(1) ((1+5) ) = 1(1/6) = 1/6
evaluate the limit
𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝒙 − 𝟏)
Answer 𝐥𝐢𝐦 = 𝟏/𝟔
𝒙→𝟏 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟓
 𝒄𝒐𝒕 𝟕𝒙
Example 4: Find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙→𝟎 𝒄𝒔𝒄 𝟑𝒙

Solution:

cos 7x 1
Remember that cot 7x can be written in ratio as sin 7x
and csc 3x as sin 3x

Let us examine the following steps:

Steps

𝑐𝑜𝑡 7𝑥
1. Write the given problem lim
𝑥→0 𝑐𝑠𝑐 3𝑥

𝑐𝑜𝑡 7𝑥
lim
𝑥→0 𝑐𝑠𝑐 3𝑥
cos 7x
lim sin 7x
𝑥→0 1
cos 7x sin 3x
2. Substitute cot 7x as and
sin 7x
1
csc 3x as cos 7x
sin 3x lim (sin 3x)
𝑥→0 sin 7x
1
lim (cos 7x)( )(sin 3x)
𝑥→0 sin 7x

𝟏
3. Simplify 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟕𝐱)
𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟕𝐱
(𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟑𝐱)
𝒙→𝟎

1
lim (cos 7x) sin 7x
(sin 3x)
𝑥→0
4. Multiply the numerator and 𝑥 3 7
1
denominator by x/x, 3/3, 7/7 lim (cos 7x)
sin 7x
(sin 3x)( )( )( )
𝑥→0 x 3 7

7𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 3𝑥 3
lim (cos 7x) sin 7x
( 3x
)( 7)
𝑥→0
4. Apply the concept
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 3
𝐥𝐢𝐦 =𝟏 (1) (1)( 7) lim (cos 7x)
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙 𝑥→0

3
5. Apply the direct substitution to (1) (1)( 7) lim (cos 7x)
𝑥→0
evaluate the limit 3
( 7)(cos 7(0) = (3/7)(1) = 3/7
𝑐𝑜𝑡 7𝑥
lim = 3/7
Answer 𝑥 → 0 𝑐𝑠𝑐 3𝑥
 Let’s Practice
At this point, you are going to work on the given activities to test what you have
previously learned in determining the limit of a function. Using the table of values and
graphs, supply the needed data to complete what is asked for each visual representation.

ACTIVITY 1. COMPLETE ME!

Study the given functions carefully. Complete the following by constructing a table
of values for f(x), then graph and find the limit of the given function.

1. Given f(x) = 3x.

a. Complete the table. Show your solution.

x -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 5 6
f(x)

b. Graph the function c. Find the limit of 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟑𝒙

𝒙→∞

2. Given f(x) = 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏 𝒙.

𝟐

a. Complete the table. Show your solution.

f(x)
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 5 6
b. Graph the function c. Find the limit of 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐨𝐠 𝟏 𝒙
𝒙→∞ 𝟐

ACTIVITY 2. WITHIN BOUNDS

Discover more of your potential as you do another set of activity. Remember
that repeatedly doing something will make you an expert.
Directions: Find the limit by completing the table of values.
1. Evaluate 𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝟐𝒕𝒂𝒏(𝒙).
𝒙→

Approaching values from Approaching values from

the left of x = 1800 the right of x = 1800

x
f(x) f(x)
x
179.50 180.50

179.90 180.10

179.990 180.010

179.9990 180.0010

179.99990 180.00010

Answer: ____________________________
2. Given the graph of f(x) = -2sec 2x, as x approaches 0. Find 𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝟐𝒔𝒆𝒄 𝟐𝒙.
𝒙→𝟎

𝟐
𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝒙
4. Find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦 . Show your solution.
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙𝟐
 Let’s Do More
ACTIVITY 3. A GREATER DEPTH

Directions: Match Colum A with Column B. Write your answer on the space provided
before each number. Do this on a clean BOND PAPER.

Column A Consider the given graphs below. Column B

_____1. A. 0
B. 1
_____2.
C. 1.09
_____3.
D. 0.477
_____4.
E. - ∞
_____5.

ACTIVITY 4. DIGGING DEEPER

𝟏−𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟐𝒙
Find the 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟑𝒙
. Show your solution.
𝒙→𝟎
 Let’s Sum Up
ACTIVITY 5. APPLYING LEARNED CONCEPT
Deepening the understanding of the basic knowledge and skill you’ve acquired in
this module reinforces your ability to do better. Your learning outcomes are measurable
achievements of what you have gained from your engagement in the activities you
performed. Well, let’s sum them up!

A. Directions: Use the graph of f(x) = sin x to find the following.

1. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 3. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙

𝒙→ 𝒙 → −

2. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 4. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙

𝒙 → /𝟐 𝒙 → −/𝟐

B. Directions: Complete the table and determine the limit.

x -sec (x) 2sin (2x) -2tan (2x) -2cos (x)
1
0.5
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
0.00001
𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝒔𝒆𝒄(𝒙) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟐𝒙) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝟐𝒕𝒂𝒏(𝟐𝒙) 𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝒙)
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙→𝟎 𝒙→𝟎 𝒙→𝟎

________________ ________________ _________________ _________________

 Let’s Assess
As you draw near the completion of your self-learning module, it is but proper to
acknowledge your best effort for a well-earned accomplishment of the structured tasks.
That’s a good job! Well then, make the most of this final activity.

Test I.
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given choices in the box. Write your
answer in a clean sheet of paper.

1. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 − 𝒔𝒆𝒄(𝒙)
𝒙 → −
2. 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝟑𝝅𝒄𝒐𝒕(𝒙) 3. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝟐𝒙)
𝒙→𝟎
𝒙→
𝟒

A. 1 B. -2 A. −2√3 B. 2 A. 4 B. 0

C. −√2 D.
√2
C. −1 D. 2√2 C. 2 D. −1
2

𝟏
4. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (𝒆𝒙 + 𝟑)
𝒙 → −∞
5. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 (−𝟐𝒆𝒙 )
𝒙→∞
6. 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒍𝒏 𝒙
𝒙 → ∞ 𝒙𝟑

A. −∞ B. 3 A. ∞ B. -3 A. −2 B. ∞
C. ∞ D. −3 C. −2 D. −∞ C. 0 D. −∞
Given the graph of f(x) = 2x, Choose the letter of the correct answer
from the given choices in the box.
7. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙 8. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙
𝒙→𝟎 𝒙→𝟐

A. 1 B. 4 A. 1 B. 4

C. 2 D. 9 C. 2 D. 9

9. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙 10. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝟐𝒙

𝒙 → −𝟏 𝒙 → −𝟐

A. 1 B. 0.5 A. 1 B. 0.5

C. 2 D. 0.25 C. 2 D. 0.25

𝟐𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐𝒙
11. 𝐥𝐢𝐦 12. 𝐥𝐢𝐦
𝒙 → 𝟎 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟑𝒙 𝒙 → 𝟎 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟓𝒙

A. 2/3 B. 0 A. 2 B. 2/5

C. −1/12 D. 5/4 C.
5
D. −5/11
2

Test II.
Directions: Complete the table below given f(x) = ln(x+1).
Approaching values from the right of 1. Approaching values from the left of 1,
x f(x) x f(x)
2 0
1.7 0.5
1.1 0.9
1.01 0.99
1.001 0.999
1.0001 0.999

Determine the 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝒍𝒏(𝒙 + 𝟏) using the table of values above.

𝒙→𝟏
 References
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ic%20(polynomial)%20equation.
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[Link]
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