What happens if you drop an egg?
Result = It breaks
Condition
Introduction
If you drop an egg, it breaks.
if clause Main clause
What happens if you drop an egg?
Conditional sentences express conditions and results.
Zero Conditional Facts & Habits
[Link] happens if you heat water?
Simple present Simple present
If you heat water, it boils.
[Link] do you do when you feel bored?
Simple present Simple present
When I feel bored, I always play games.
1st Conditional Real situations
[Link] will happen if you study hard?
Simple present Simple Future
If you study hard, you will be smart.
2. What will happen when you drink Soda?
Simple present Simple Future
When I drink Soda, I will get sick.
2nd Conditional Imaginary situations
I can’t fly because I don’t have wings.
Simple Past Would + Verb
If I had wings, I would fly.
2nd Conditional Imaginary situations
I want to buy a house but I don’t have money.
Simple Past Would + Verb
If I had money, I would buy a house.
Conditional Type 2 Was / Were
In imaginary situations, we must use were instead of was.
John suffers from toothache now, but he doesn’t
want to see a doctor.
If I were you,
was you,
I would visit a doctor.
Conditionals Clause Order
Conditional sentence can begin with the if clause or
the result clause (main clause)
If you study hard , you will succeed.
if clause Main clause
You will succeed If you study hard.
if clause Main clause
3rd Conditional Past Regret
last week, I failed in the exam because I didn’t revise well
Past Perfect Would have + V3
If I had revised well, I wouldn’t have failed in the exam.
3rd Conditional Past Regret
Yesterday, I played Casino. So, I lost my money.
Past Perfect Would have + V3
If I hadn’t played Casino, I wouldn’t have lost my money.
Conditional 0: general facts and daily Conditional 1: Possible or real situations
routines. in the present or future.
1. If you drop an egg, it breaks. 1. If you study hard, you will pass the
2. If I have free time, I play games. exam.
Form: If + Subject + Simple present, Form: If + Subject + Simple present,
Subject + Simple present Subject + Simple Future
Conditional 2: Impossible or imaginary Conditional 2: Impossible or imaginary
situations about the present. situations about the past.
➔ I don’t have money. I can’t travel ➔ I played Casino. So, I lost my money.
abroad. If I had not played Casino, I would not
1. If I had money, I would travel abroad. have lost my money.
Form: If + Subject + Simple past, Subject + Form: If + Subject + Past Perfect,
Would + Verb Subject + Would have + V3
1. She will take care of the children for us next weekend because her business trip was canceled.
But... she wouldn't be taking care of the children for us next weekend if her business trip hadn't been
canceled.
2. Tom is not going to come to dinner tomorrow because you insulted him yesterday
But... he would be coming if you hadn't insulted him.
3. Marie is unhappy because she gave up her career when she got married.
But... Marie would be happy if she hadn't given up her career when she got married.
4. Dr. Mercer decided not to accept the research grant at Harvard because he is going to take six months
off to spend more time with his family.
But... Dr. Mercer would have accepted the research grant at Harvard if he were not going to take six
months off to spend more time with his family.
5. Professor Schmitz talked so much about the Maasai tribe because she is an expert on African tribal
groups.
But... Professor Schmitz wouldn't have talked so much about the Maasai tribe if she weren't an expert on
African tribal groups.
6. I am unemployed because I had a disagreement with my boss and I was fired.
But... I wouldn't be unemployed if I hadn't had a disagreement with my boss and I hadn't been fired.
7. Nicole speaks Chinese fluently because she lived in China for ten years.
But... Nicole wouldn't speak Chinese fluently if she hadn't lived in China for ten years.
8. I will not help you study for your test because you have spent the last two weeks partying and wasting time.
But... I would help you study for your test if you hadn't spent the last two weeks partying and wasting time.
9. Eleanor and Ben are not going skiing with us this year because Eleanor just had a baby.
But... Eleanor and Ben would be going skiing with us this year if Eleanor hadn't just had a baby.
10. I am completely exhausted, so I will not go with you to the movies tonight.
But... if I were not completely exhausted, I would go with you to the movies tonight.
11. She is not worried about the conference tomorrow because she is not giving a speech.
But... she would be worried about the conference tomorrow if she were giving a speech.
12. Frank is not going to the graduation ceremony because he broke his leg snowboarding last week.
But... Frank would be going to the graduation ceremony if he hadn't broken his leg snowboarding last week.
13. They are not releasing the prisoner next month because there was so much public opposition to his parole.
But... they would be releasing the prisoner next month if there hadn't been so much opposition to his parole.
14. The hotels filled up months in advance because the festival is going to include jazz artists from around the
globe.
But... the hotels wouldn't have filled up months in advance if the festival weren't going to include jazz artists from
around the globe.
15. We are not worried about the recent string of robberies in the neighborhood because the police have started
regularly patrolling the area.
But... we would be worried about the recent string of robberies in the neighborhood if the police hadn't started
regularly patrolling the area.