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The seminar focuses on p-block elements, which are crucial for Class 11 inorganic chemistry and frequently appear in JEE exams. It covers their electronic configuration, oxidation states, and specific details about the Boron family, highlighting their diverse properties and reactions. Understanding these elements' trends and exceptions is essential for success in JEE.

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5 views4 pages

Seminar Script

The seminar focuses on p-block elements, which are crucial for Class 11 inorganic chemistry and frequently appear in JEE exams. It covers their electronic configuration, oxidation states, and specific details about the Boron family, highlighting their diverse properties and reactions. Understanding these elements' trends and exceptions is essential for success in JEE.

Uploaded by

karunashankar2k10
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Seminar Script: P-Block Elements

Respected teacher and my dear friends,

Good morning to everyone.

Today I will present a JEE-oriented seminar on the topic “P-Block Elements”, which forms a very
important part of Class 11 inorganic chemistry and is frequently tested in JEE Main and Advanced.

1. Introduction
Based on the subshell into which the last electron enters, elements are divided into [Link] p-block
elements are those in which the last electron enters a p-orbital.

They are placed in Groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table and include metals, non-metals, metalloids, and
noble gases.

Because of this diversity, p-block elements show maximum variation in chemical behavior.

2. Electronic Configuration

The general electronic configuration of p-block elements is:

ns² np¹ to ns² np⁶

Group 13: ns² np¹

Group 14: ns² np²

Group 15: ns² np³

Group 16: ns² np⁴

Group 17: ns² np⁵

Group 18: ns² np⁶


Oxidation States

P-block elements show variable oxidation states.

Group-wise trend

Group 13: +3, +1

Group 14: +4, +2

Group 15: +5, +3, −3

Group 16: −2

Group 17:

In this today we are going to dive deep into the BORON FAMILY

Boron Family (Group 13)


Elements

B, Al, Ga, In, Tl

General Electronic Configuration

ns² np¹

Nature of Elements
Boron → Non-metal (metalloid)

Aluminium → Metal

Ga, In, Tl → Metals


size B<Ga<Al<In<Tl

I.E B<Tl<Ga<Al<In

M.P B>Al>Ga>In>Tl
density B<Al<Ga<In<Tl

rxn with o2
M+O2==M2O3

EXCEPT

Tl+o2==Tl2o

rxn with n2
ga,in,tl nnot

b/al+n2==nal/bN

rxn with h2o


nohing react except al

al +h2o(hot)==al2o3 +h2

rxn wit halogens


m+H==mH3
Importance of P-Block in JEE
Direct questions from periodic trends

Assertion-reason questions

Matching type questions

Conceptual questions based on exceptions

Conclusion
To conclude, p-block elements show the maximum variety of properties due to changes in size,
electronegativity, and oxidation states.

A strong understanding of trends, exceptions, and reasoning makes this chapter very scoring for JEE.

Thank you for listening patiently.

Have a great day!

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