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Basic Electrical Engineering Notes

The document provides an overview of basic electrical engineering concepts, including key electrical quantities such as voltage, current, resistance, power, and energy, along with Ohm's Law. It describes types of current, electrical components, circuit types, and electrical machines. Additionally, it covers power calculations in AC circuits, including real, reactive, and apparent power.

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Yash raundal
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45 views1 page

Basic Electrical Engineering Notes

The document provides an overview of basic electrical engineering concepts, including key electrical quantities such as voltage, current, resistance, power, and energy, along with Ohm's Law. It describes types of current, electrical components, circuit types, and electrical machines. Additionally, it covers power calculations in AC circuits, including real, reactive, and apparent power.

Uploaded by

Yash raundal
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic Electrical Engineering (BEE) – Quick Notes

1. Basic Electrical Quantities


• Voltage (V) – Electric potential difference, Unit: Volt (V), Formula: V = I × R
• Current (I) – Flow of electrons, Unit: Ampere (A), Formula: I = V/R
• Resistance (R) – Opposition to current, Unit: Ohm (Ω), Formula: R = V/I
• Power (P) – Unit: Watt (W), Formula: P = V × I or I²R
• Energy (E) – Unit: Joule (J) / kWh, Formula: E = P × t

2. Ohm’s Law
The current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it: V = I × R

3. Types of Current
• Direct Current (DC): Constant magnitude & direction (Example: Battery supply).
• Alternating Current (AC): Magnitude & direction change periodically (Example: Household
electricity).

4. Electrical Components
• Resistor – Limits current
• Capacitor – Stores energy in electric field
• Inductor – Stores energy in magnetic field
• Diode – Allows current in one direction
• Transformer – Steps up/down AC voltage

5. Circuit Types
• Series Circuit: Same current flows through all components. Total resistance: R_eq = R1 + R2 + ...
• Parallel Circuit: Same voltage across all branches. Total resistance: 1/R_eq = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ...

6. Electrical Machines
• Generator – Converts mechanical energy to electrical energy
• Motor – Converts electrical energy to mechanical energy
• Transformer – Transfers AC power at different voltages

7. Power in AC Circuits
• Real Power (P) = V I cos φ (Watt)
• Reactive Power (Q) = V I sin φ (VAR)
• Apparent Power (S) = V I (VA)
• Power Factor = cos φ = P/S

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