ADM TASK FOR MATH 10 (NOVEMBER 26-28,2025)
TOPIC: PERMUTATION
Factorial notation is a product of all positive integers less than or equal to n.
It has a special case where 0! = 1. n!
Examples:
3! = 3 x 2 x 1 = 6 3! + 4! = 6 + 24 = 30
4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24 (2!) (3!) = (2 x 1) (3 x 2 x 1) = (2) (6) = 12
Permutation is an arrangement of all or part of a set of objects, the order is very
important.
It has three kinds of arrangements, namely: linear, circular, and distinguishable
permutation.
LINEAR PERMUTATION refers to the number of ordered arrangements in a line.
For example:
1) Arrangement of books in a shelf
2) Arrangement of names in class record
3) Arrangement of students from smallest to highest in height
Example 1: How many ways can a chairperson and a co-chairperson be
chosen from 15 active members in Math Club?
Explanation: The problem illustrates a linear permutation because there is an
indicated order, specifically a position to consider.
Solution: n = 15; r = 2
Answer: There are 210 ways.
Example 2: How many ways can 5 men and 4 women be arranged in a row alternately?
Explanation: The term “row” means arrangement in a linear form. Illustration:
1st Man 2nd Man 3rd Man 4th Man 5th
Man 1st Woman 2nd Woman 3rd Woman 4th
Woman
1
Note: Since we have two categories, man and woman, there will also be two
parts of the solution.
Solution: For Men: n = 5; r = 5 For Women: n = 4; r = 4
Answer: There are 2,880 ways.
CIRCULAR PERMUTATION refers to the number of ordered arrangements in a
circular form. Objects arranged in a circular form are hard to distinguish the
arrangements unless one the objects is “fixed”. That is the reason why there is “1” in
the formula.
Formula: where n is the total number of objects
Example 1: If there are six different colored flowers decorated on top of a round
cake, in how many ways can these flowers be arranged?
Explanation: Since the cake is round, it gives you the hint that we are dealing
with circular permutation. Take note as well with the term “different” because if
all objects to be arranged are similar, the number of ways is only one.
Solution: n = 6 (six different colored flowers)
( 𝑛 − 1) ! = ( 6 − 1 ) ! Substitute n = 6
= (5 )! Simplify: 6 – 1
=5×4×3×2×1 Expand 5!
= 120
Answer: There are 120 ways.
2
Example 2: In how many ways can 10 people be seated at a round table if:
1) they can sit anywhere?
2) two particular people must sit next to each other?
3) two particular people must not sit next to each other?
Solutions:
1) they can sit anywhere?
2) two particular people must sit next to each other?
3) two particular people must not sit next to each other?
3
DISTINGUISHABLE PERMUTATION refers to the number of permutations of n objects of
which n1 are one of a kind, n2 are of second kind, …, and nk are of a kth kind is given by:
Formula:
where n = n1 + n2 + … + nk
In the simplest way, distinguishable permutation happens when similar objects are
to be arranged.
Example 1: Suppose you are the owner of a sari-sari store and you want to put 12
pieces of canned goods in a row on the shelf. If there are 3 identical cans of meat
loaf, 4 identical cans of tomato sauce, 2 identical cans of sardines, and 3 identical
cans of corned beef, in how many different ways can you display these goods?
Explanation: The key word in the problem is ‘identical’ which means similar. Goods
in a sari-sari store should be organized according to its similarities.
Illustration:
Type of Canned Symbol Number of canned
Goods (nk) goods
Meat loaf n1 3
Tomato sauce n2 4
Sardines n3 2
Corned beef n4 3
Total number of goods (n) 12
Answer: There are 277,200 ways that you can display these goods.
Example 2: How many distinguishable permutations can be formed form the letters
of the word MARIKINA?
Explanation: On a first glance, it could be a linear permutation. Since letters can be
repeated in a word, it is considered as distinguishable permutation.
Illustration:
LETTER IN THE Symbol
NUMBER OF LETTERS
WORD: ‘MARIKINA’ (nk)
M n1 1
A n2 2
R n3 1
I n4 2
K n5 1
N n6 1
Total number of letters (n) 8
Answer: There are 10,080 arrangements in the letters of the word Marikina.
ACTIVITY: Read and analyze each problem carefully. Write your answers on a whole
sheet of paper. Make sure your handwriting is neat and your answers are clear. Follow
the directions for each item and double-check your work before submitting.
A. Write P if the situation illustrates permutation. If not, write NP. (5points)
1. Entering a password in e-learning platform
2. Answering a multiple-choice test
3. Drawing a name in the raffle
4. Arrangement of shoes in the rack
5. Checking the class attendance
B. Evaluate the following permutations. (5points)
1. 6P5 =
2. 7P7 =
3. 3P1 =
4. 9P2 =
5. 2P5 =
C. Answer the following problems with complete solution. (30 points)
1. Marikina celebrates Sapatos Festival. In a certain booth, there are 10 new shoe
designs to be displayed. In how many ways can these shoes be arranged if there
are only 7 spaces available in a row?
2. A bracelet has eight different charms. How many arrangements of charms are
possible?
3. Determine the number of permutations of the following words:
a) GOOD b) HEALTH c) VITAMINS