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CSO Notes1-2 (Partial)

The document discusses various aspects of memory operations in computer architecture, including addressing modes, read and write operations, and instruction execution. It covers the role of registers, the CPU's interaction with memory, and different types of data movement instructions. Additionally, it highlights the importance of addressing schemes and the execution flow of instructions within a CPU.

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4 views32 pages

CSO Notes1-2 (Partial)

The document discusses various aspects of memory operations in computer architecture, including addressing modes, read and write operations, and instruction execution. It covers the role of registers, the CPU's interaction with memory, and different types of data movement instructions. Additionally, it highlights the importance of addressing schemes and the execution flow of instructions within a CPU.

Uploaded by

rishukumar.crv.p
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
one Basic, memory Sprctibu i 02 aed \B | __ Tasbunclgn Sp Machileline B dee oe eprexeat an abst Model of (the main m RRR LET | Ne awe cutBeren oxceutron £ af Ang ubacing. vines hate it re ™ een mrodeleo| ae ahead adjebent pees » lah Capable ey (of) as ms wa aay eli asthe aL oe ae Pee 1 acters , 3 sila 16 te 64 6G ¥ Typical re Sf Word Apinas feo This is called memory asad/erite operation Fhen0.f bile Wl’ needed to dintrretly addres M wrds. ta a maka iy ginen by L* Logan Esa adflantted st nize. eran hy wgym (Atak as “64 raed hcal an te moc} Peidstn free addres is fag, (64x2"?) = tog, (2 Dit26 0h, cx. Beachy, Aue uw 512M Byles ot 512 x8 M By 2 Genon | werd= 64 Bus CMaxRange) forays 2 64x XB M Buy helo micbada bn b6 Matargpls 4 pes nits wf alg kIT 22) olen que 2 ans 2924 1 Onls lity requized to) 9 addrtnn He Mt locatron. n data eit Tne Three Base z = ips ade. Mauised. Ca orden Yse__€PU_to sicecionaala operation bide o Shui ffed. rieonny Letatin eae i Te word te loti tect -headid ey the CPV Grit a apex peed Papal Meraprn. apes eee cei || TELL s | | cong i frte : + fay The basis of adcrersrig i — Sngormakion Invtlned in an angi pe “ —the cpu Needs to ke Saeed . _Lyrsed eee 2 ae aes Ton ur heel rohotlinne. eduuars the Vat lease {edd 6 the adders | ft prmabaoiy eens prod bu huely Whe Sheratior is_te be pafermed encoded in whot @ cwllles Ure _acldacas fee hast Tra byrdiens clin be classified ene pee operands ago (32, I1z, fb) 3 addrras 2. oddacas one b half addaen one addseee oud 290 mins Loornce, Declination, sation’) ! the tousce ebrrands >The eure 6pe can be umstant @ value Ato fa ists, 08 0 value __ seed In the mening The cutination peed the plore shone the” Asaubt Gj the operation 4 to \ lel emp a Locke emule beker de Inport fren reer earte Kee 7 a” oo Source progsom —> Assembly laynnge —> = Machi ne onary —— Ry ond Ry ore the sree. iat. =o Ra is the » dectinsds' Register ATS == Ex 2 — Add A Pac, pete hy a = 2S 2 address fastiuetion toker We foun _ peration odd _, add 2 4 E Be Add Re RS RR Arh Ro Add AG 6 The ssuginak, content Coat dun bo this — Sperstion while the Orginal content sg sagial Seman ivbow . i a The &peration cpertiemed by 3 addneys PEPER eRe * atauclion Ae. A,B,0 can be performed by the — Data 4c4 Sede Bone Oefinltion:- © Pecumutatoe — The Preumatorls pole nto iter Store 4 Lead data values or add, altiout 04 Aco. dola_vellut, in _meniniy jo Uae Current yp Bo @Lnsbution Regiater '- Hotel te oheode of Khe —srent — Inelyrclion Un supghout he uatorle. cons apres Mobb ct lanighto as OPregearn Counler > Re progeny county, Keeps tv dck, Where Hee Comp. “Ws in the Inctuucth sequence. ae w Ae ee Sa ee ae woe th in a that Conlams the oddrers — esate being execuKed at The cussent time de each i nglinalinn 5 be "PC. oink as nent P na Ayala a 4, Seool ih, normal y severts to ‘0’ Sock ae RABE UO aah adse Psp + peetexouay Bpaeeivoranr ee Fg Te inshuction,. iar eguivelut te tree eS htubtawelon Jn _emd ADD Ky Rage , Race ond JH. = 30 _addrors Sestuctians leno 4p AParin vil on OF Rehwonn Yae twro ond one aoldrers inset on , tere Con ke ous Ea Mioly addrern = tushuction $8 ++ __+o- SigQMue. Le Ao @R, => Ay = B4Ki __ Sn thin cone the Puaoeten pide cmrtonts Of Rito the Conlon, Sf memory [pcator 2 and Binge Ue seault fn R =“ me a Here (nalyretion. uses 2 types Of addrersings — ae oem Hitt sath tn more Hao GF a ee These frafindlion use | Stak pperadion + Fi Sock tb a dala inti mechaniam tn Webuah the flash dela“ ttann glerco| _ eae z + 1 at Teepe eet i : / | Tnshuction dass Example Thee Addaess Add RR ky Add A,B, © | 2: Two addsow Dd KR, pdd AB S: eCnele addy | foo Ars 4 ome roD R, Si %ro_addrus Aov (se)+4,( se) ) k= Kh 2 Rp = Ry thy sO PG diy B= A+G i he Ba Re a Rp u. Rae = Ry + Rave oe | Maree of stair + Adding Modes 1 dmmediats Mode Bue 9n this mode \, the ive fate speransl te Cimmedialely ) aveilabte ine the fasta’ —_ visu , , Bu _ Leap. t4lo00, Rp 1!00d a vate faba hepa © dt Joelle eves nora. op Orato AOU ib prebaed ere cS g Stype RPV erpawiaaticne S coe es re 8 G Gas 2 Ditcet (nbeolete) Mode a this rb need d, peasy ee te. tard pete ng Of fodhteal Eee hekds the Oe perand teas Ww Cretucled Eu re —— li em oe Ee — = : Ex. Lop 000, 8; Now leo is the = fran ohty | eek where one ct the _Speraudl is = Spiel : . o D8 fc a & ie — = at pamvider the pearls ae" = 2 Sndinect Mode gn itnin mode vibot th fnakucled ihn tee Erelysretion is nok the address of the = Shir aad but yather a name Behe Abas be ea Monat lotation thar holds the oppectine. Ba ddness of the oprrand « Ge Lean (ooo), ki 4 Sndened_ Mode! eS Sr thie mode, the address of He perde = _ise Pbkewinea by. adding a. Contant 10 the condeut = Sp a. Aapialan. Called “the Sndex. Regist. & a Mewibey — — [epeatPvatae] a Be ui 2m ea = eas ia te a © = 5 S 5 —_Pruto Grurenent Made !- br tis mode the Sy —thedtine addins the Cporoud. ib the Conte cw BL a. _sagiston, Gl it aubofwrement Sealine thal fe Enluded tn the insted, Oa ex lone — Raut) RO Repent” Rann <— Kany = hese Rate) Lode provegnets 68d _ Exe i leapa Chae uae a Operation — Rpe—™ [Rewind wi 9, <—Roulo +1 33] Lg a ghee aed 4 Ry inhuctin beligferaccies 2 Mae bh »— on He bade 6} operation / epesating. toed: i The type 9 imbouctions — - ing Vee fret re a mn nsn ee i 2a, ——- L = nossa ran. gal Z FF © Data movement Incntinus ‘ basis = # Aarthmale ana Kogicat, Drs buon - FS Sp dia tis Piyta| <= Je DM LY pala mewmunt Pnebuetiow are nred FB mom data among the different unile = 4 the machine. eeu “na Indlauctions 42, as deal 0 tpve dale. among digesta agiston — =a Eu the — CPU = 7 =a Doda, Movement operat” Means ia Move Simon dale (a [bioce) {pom « ba *VV a Uce © The: Tnehudion mores. the couleaf Of Atgisler Roby Argon, Ry. (CE fer: override Eahcesia vp —dustination R5)) , - Eos ares 21B nee = a Prakurclion doacl, the lee of the, Sea leat” arhose eddies & 2478 na’ the dustinat Pupils Rj dined aa = ae pel _ STORE| = Aig nat -freemery etary lt ; a iia Renin te “ see is wae pacchoresyed is SDD: Pergorm re anitpnacdt “off Sinn oy zp SUBTRACT: MVLTPLY _* © Acs Bumefotor Odaita kepistir® Peldress Requatun 2) Y Ofrogram coum P Oy enary Datn KegistexP tinder fig Pay D Memory Pup Rosia tin | Pred Dakpek Rag 8b ek logital! operat logicak AND — ferjernn of” a Bae — POR. snr i ye) ly De pe Ex os om bat ds. SNOT e= $s oeishhy os __ ComenRe — pt (nop) 4 sepa faq acecrdivgly Sehsireen = fay ap ae “te Usted Of _ ROTATE v ay Se _fullbsualion: Combet Lectsehone one ured t© “chow We Leg euees Si teluely futauclions Aye eXecid - Conclitrenal Baamebi Unconditional Bsnarcbles ms ss Conbaf fnslaation’s ae weed $0 donne Ane Acq uanree eg rich Trustuclions are eeerBe - trey take the cas yous of cb Ceotibiorat Jump) Unconditional eo . Cat Enstarctions A Common ai thre indlyuctions is that ft 2tants a new value speferd the sft pa Ex: Jump New _ApoRess &eeution ofthis freTtuulidy will caure the Po +0 be Daded sith the oy Location by New dddsey, where by the Wrst seed or ee new addres Me erecta On the Btrtr at ee tn the Pe by the _ big SaeoR Can be Conditional bared on tre & Ss Dali A — pee 9) 2010 (2), Hag value Cwergliand WD 7 Ouad dasry CC). Shere baw Seprret the i Tudor ro _ “ost Wer Aled the tad” ntode ms The valuta 4 Hag’ ase set bared O tne powlts o _exeeud; defpentnd _intlwticres « _ Leap ee | lof; App - pow daroin! tne & DECREMENT grat Greipee ee accaree tune Lop. La OA thal 84 the JUMP. on beams ot the Pe wu, a new value aha! ee nent Trebuct? ae to be Sent. (in tare of stem) CLEAR Rod Move NR, Move atNoOm &, eeeeeDs Sopp UTENE sorsTcoN 5 reng__MOVE Ry _, Som Soa) = poorer) + Leot, — » = es ms BRenicn IF GREATER Loop ETRy AderTspN ——+ « CLEAR Ry : (eee = ° Move A150. Ry R,e—lv0 + ERR Ro 1 R<— 0 sLOoP: bpo lowo( Re) +Ro ; Pi 4ne—Rp + (ooo +K,) —— =a Roatete 2 DERREMENT RoR = Rohe * Skane -rF >O Loop; Ge TO Leep 4 f Content R20 * STORE Ro, 2000, (2000) Ry "fe Tl a i tin Bae. eed to tauren data behoten the Compt & a —Pespheral deorits The fro hone fp ‘ofp. Operas are rupyt & ouTpuy insbvrbiens, Az She Srpup — drarr vw weed to Damage dala. (om Lr Sop device to Une proeurer np dett'ees = = = one fates foveal wsUh a Compute trong didicatid in poe Leshan Con wre az dedicated addres to there pers. = = a r E Take sk aot a a ea Execution Sf a tomplete fixstiwe Gone = | Meg © Some Pocdomental Corcep la: C41) me Chop & Aes Maw as i Hom ackey A = on sana utived | Couliot 5 1- ——Te_exeeuty fristuclions thre CPO nuit hove Some Mea 4 generating te conPyrt igviols in. the prcper Aequence - Comput Aessonens have uaed @ wile Vori ty &f- techniques to Sefuc pikes, chletal 1) 04+ _frese techniques re —— flo one Eh the bso _ Hikduscred eee & Upssacammed _eoitial SS ebrtln, the Ara sequonce of woul ae Step sole Prtion AX ih Poms MAR, Read, cleor ¥ fo Sek Cor yrinito ALU. add oy ‘ig Bann Ret Pep, SWePe r MORBE ERI y - = HRB AR, , RAO TES Gea ek 6. MORour, Pret, 2} Simeon Al, Erni S Seven non —overlappei time -Alo& are —Atquched) for Beals fncduelion _ Say seed ay Hels Requonce ach me. = — Sot ugh have ob lease Pong enon _ = “for the, spits specie, (ute scornesbond - =fegasod grap lyctosbes courp rete BS erp Os ee or- eA | : @onomat all tme slo are equatin Lorre bonds fom oneal of rn steps. ip ee re cout at Bion terig e aL ec ac = SS a = sino Cova) i ak: nee ee for alt Gye fn the = _ bbe " Wiss penis at a master — Tie ea is Tove Clee pulses one aint aCe cei tn thes Angst ty Pnthaseld se _ Ho ip -flarps. Sad vchictens | fn the" contol Udit. Tre = lack pulses: ado wot Change. tire sate Of 2 sag hstin. ix cual u putin tz euobled by, SA egiatn unless te AK Ss conty ol Arginok The! cout sep aals one = generale in the coulsst ult aud provide EB ConZiol fupuls Hee multeplecers jn toe organization! Hardusined controll -prrgiommed — = There ase fr® map oi types Of hh = = Jo The Haack ro seel oe the whe OGL fwemoliiy i stared Pn toe COL mimoty. «Hyer UL _menron a ___ Pregrammed” to tritote Hees uf reed _ S2queree ee operations +A HordisiArrd _contaet do tre name implies Arqutrsd chow ges wy the yarns amow ge ver ores vempenen 4 tue deatgn has eo be o nvo-clitJedl 6 ee In Hee pucks 4 =e s r yn or Misty) e ati Conbe Lewe a fhe fh CRS memory, G i v u —_____ LemputER INSIRUCTIONS —- sai Teees Ai hires compas, has 3 inst, uchion evcle formals} fach formar ho | 6 ms = Is 14 pat 200), : — bir! terete — ouch: 2 = aes Roe Te Pes. ic ee? ® Pots eet Peale Poa dapat BEd lac” is 12 yo) | aie [spe epee” | ea Dap oulpul Ms Lrveliou = contains 2 PUB” oan re meaning of Hur Apmainiing 1a Pro deperrds on He = — — — Ahe open Uselie _pash oy Hee ise? — —— — — q The forr conByo] Ackerly, vorrloblis are generated fn tue unraf unit C SEL A, SEu &, CPR, SEL O) & must be mailable abd begining 4 oo eforle, oe Comtrol Wevol?- “there ate 14 Oh seleeLiQy dnp fn tre unit ond Hs Combined volue Bbeci firs of mv opesations ‘i Eacodiing- ore Sefect! Operation = | oDoDO Troms pee A oan —~ . wooed Irwremant A — an—~e . soe td a ae on oole| soixael 0-0 S28 Soe rd Png 1s Oma 5 @@ 8 =a &3 3 oto Complanislirt i toned 2 > {wood Shin elit A SHE. A 2 NW {| BoD Shite tea ThA tom x Exampls 2 pis = | = Ri e— Rp — Pee a Pied selF ose, seLo i oiK. a —— Sern __ fn — 1 ote E sata] t, SEDO. - Ry 3Nca TSF A + Stack Ongaos lou psig She Regist cttear hetelo the ooldaens for te sleek bald 4 Sto pote ae) PeAdres = f [oR (an Sean De pop OR — Ker] a mUse) <—DR i spe-cP-y Chek 4 Stack vo role 74 (sf=0) tity IF Cst=0) ten (Fouics) (empty —4) Kempe Yue Fur_c—d ron tee 1 prep aeaeeeowreennnvpeanneeaeraae

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